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Mr. Zico Pestalozzi, Program Manager, SUAKA NGO

My organisation recently got in touch with Justice Center Hongkong to discuss refugee economic empowerment in HK. We have composed some concise information on IG

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A post shared by Suaka Indonesia (@suakaid)

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Mr. Wael Hassan Ibrahim Ali, Head of Urban Refugee Program, UNHCR

Good practice shared at the course: Legal assistance project with University of Addis Ababa, Faculty of Law is being developed to support access of refugees to the justice system. Also, a team of interpreters of more than 9 languages are available to support this project.

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Building Inclusive Markets for Refugees and Hosts in Ethiopia

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by
International Labour Organization
Country
Jijiga, Ethiopia
Duration
2018 - March 2019.
Description
Approach to Inclusive Market Systems (AIMS) works to enhance the self-reliance of refugees and hosts by facilitating access to economic opportunities. This involves working on two sides: the ability of the target group to seize economic opportunity and the availability of economic opportunities in the local market system. The former is achieved through "push"-interventions that build market-relevant skills of the target group while the latter is addressed through "pull"-interventions that improve market functioning and enhance economic opportunities.

In terms of easing the pressure on host countries (and donor governments), the AIMS approach focuses on sustainability, i.e. ensuring that the changes initiated by the interventions persist beyond project duration and without development funding. To achieve sustainability, AIMS - building on market systems development principles - foresees that on the basis of solid market systems analysis, development actors (in this case the ILO) play a facilitative role in building inclusive markets. Concretely, in this project, for example, a "push"-interventions sought to improve refugees' and hosts' business skills to strengthen their entrepreneurial endeavours. The ILO facilitated the implementation of a business skills training by building the capacity of local institutions, such as the TVET Centre and the Jijiga University, to deliver such trainings. Even though the ILO project has closed, the institutions continue to offer the training to refugees' and hosts', thus easing the burden on host countries and donor governments through sustainable implementation modalities.

In terms of scale, AIMS is now being implemented by the ILO in several countries across Africa (Niger, Uganda, Kenya, Sudan, Ethiopia) and the Middle East (Lebanon, Iraq, Egypt). In collaboration with UNHCR, 17 AIMS assessments have been conducted to transition UNHCR's livelihoods work to a market-based approach.
Project aims
The project tested the ILO-UNHCR Approach to Inclusive Market Systems (AIMS), which works to sustainably enhance the livelihoods of refugees and hosts. AIMS is based on market systems development principles and employs a push-pull approach to equip the target population with the necessary skills to seize economic opportunities ("push") and simultaneously create or enhance economic opportunities by improving market functioning ("pull"). In Jijiga, Ethiopia, the project focused on the small ruminants sector to improve the livelihoods of refugee and host communities.
VIDEO: Market-based livelihoods intervention for refugees 2018 edition Resources used
With relatively modest financial means ($320 000) the project was able to achieve results through novel and innovative approaches to refugee and host community livelihoods development.

Partners

UNHCR

Ethiopian Administration for Refugee and Returnee Affairs (ARRA)

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GiZ)

Challenges and how they were overcome

Although policy change in Ethiopia is imminent, during project implementation the political environment remained restrictive in terms of refugees' rights to access economic opportunities.

The project focused on working through the host communities (regional traders, local livestock herders), as well as with UNHCR and implementing partners to ensure that interventions would benefit both, refugees and hosts.

Three interventions were implemented:

1. Enhance linkages between refugee/host livestock herders and a newly opened abattoir as well a regional traders.

2. Strengthen market organizing among livestock herders.

3. Improve business skills among refugees/hosts.

Given the short project duration (15 months), only initial evidence is available which shows that livestock herders are now selling their animals to regional markets (intervention 1) and have improved their market organising (intervention 2).

Roughly 60 refugees and host community members have benefited from the SIYB entrepreneurship training programme (intervention 3) and 600 are expected to receive training by end 2019

Results of the Good Practice

This one-year pilot project tested the Approach to Inclusive Market Systems (AIMS), jointly developed by ILO and UNHCR, in the Jijiga region of Ethiopia. The project employed the market systems development approach to improve access to livelihoods opportunities for refugees and local host communities.

The project focused on the livestock sector. It improved linkages between livestock herders, a local abattoir, and regional livestock markets, and enhanced market organising and improved the target groups' business skills.

The project improved the livelihoods of refugees and hosts by enhancing their bargaining power and resilience in the livestock value chain and improving their business skills, thus enabling refugees and hosts to improve their economic outlook.

Next steps

Globally:The successful implementation of the AIMS approach in Jijiga has created the basis for implementation of AIMS in 7 countries (East Africa and Middle East) through the Dutch-funded Prospects Partnership.

In Jijiga: Local institutions have the capacity and continue to implement the SIYB entrepreneurship training program.

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Building Inclusive Markets for Refugees and Hosts in Ethiopia | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by International Labour Organization Country Jijiga, Ethiopia Duration 2018 - March 2019. Description Approach to Inclusive Market Systems (AIMS) works to enhance the self-reliance of refugees and hosts by facilitating access to economic opportunities. This involves working on two sides: the ability of the target group to seize economic opportunity and the availability of economic opportunities in the local market system.

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AGIA and UNHCR have been collaborating to facilitate and promote the effective protection of children in Italy. In line with the mandates and functions of each organization, such collaboration seeks to support the protection of UASC arriving in Italy, with particular emphasis on the promotion of child participation as a way of exercising their rights.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Filomena Albano, Autorità Garante per l'infanzia e l'adolescenza (Italian Independent authority for children and adolescents)

Website: https://www.garanteinfanzia.org/ / https://www.unhcr.it/

Social: @agiasocial

Introduction to the project
Country
Italy
Duration
October 2017-Ongoing

As from October 2017 AGIA and UNHCR have been collaborating to facilitate and promote the effective protection of children in Italy. In line with the mandates and functions of each organization, such collaboration seeks to support the protection of UASC arriving in Italy, with particular emphasis on the promotion of child participation as a way of exercising their rights.

The project is still ongoing with the aims to facilitate the right to participate and to be heard of young asylum seekers and refugees and UASCs who live in Italy.

Description
The measures taken were specifically targeted on promoting children's participation as a way of exercising their rights.

In this context, activities were carried out in 2017 and 2018 and 2019 and results were achieved thanks to the work and the availability of public and private social services and the participation of over 200 unaccompanied and separated children (UASC) hosted in first and second reception facilities in 10 Italian regions. In 2017, activities were carried out with a view to supporting UASC's right to be heard and to participate in the decisions that affect them. This was achieved through participatory needs assessment visits to children hosted in first and second reception facilities on the national territory. Drawing on the findings of the focus groups conducted in 15 first and second reception centres in 10 different Italian regions, it was possible to obtain a picture of risk factors, vulnerabilities and needs expressed and shared by children. This path clearly showed children's need to be heard and participate in the decisions that affect them. All girls and boys asked to be informed and to be able to give their views on an equal footing with relevant adults. The outcomes of the visits are in AGIA's Annual Report to Parliament 2017; further, they informed the structuring of the activities carried out in 2018. In 2018, it was decided to take a further step forward and put boys and girls at the centre of actions. Then started a new phase of work in which young migrants explained their perception of the hosting context to adults. The initial assumption was that effective participation must recognize and enhance the skills and resilience of children and adolescents, allowing them to better protect themselves and their peers.

A key concept in child participation is that children should be viewed as competent social actors, able to take decisions, to be active subjects in their contexts and to create social and cultural networks. The participatory activities implemented in 2018 were based on this principle. Although the activities were experimental in nature and had a limited impact, they provided a great opportunity for children to feel empowered and enhanced their skills and knowledge. Children hosted in the SPRAR (Protection System for Asylum Seekers) centres in Florence and Pescara made a substantial didactic contribution to the training courses for voluntary guardians organized by AGIA, as they participated as active subjects and not as mere witnesses. For the first time, a group of UASCs was involved in a training for the voluntary guardians. On the other hand a
photography workshop was organized in Rome held within and outside the reception centres were also noteworthy. To date, three public photo exhibitions have been held and others are scheduled for 2020. Activities enabled children to feel part of a process in which they were active subjects just like adults. In 2019 all the activities carried out in 2017 and 2018 with UASC hosted in reception facilities in Italy were systematized and the result was then published in the AGIA-UNHCR final report "L'ascolto e la partecipazione dei minori stranieri non accompagnati"1, also translated in English.

Starting from this results and in relation with the thirtieth anniversary of the adoption of the CRC, AGIA and UNHCR started a joint program of participatory activities with UASCs and their italian peers in 4 Italian cities with the aim of deepening the rights expressed by the CRC. The aim of the activities was to enhance the inclusion of the foreing minor in the italian society. In each city (Turin, Florence, Naples and Palermo) focus groups were organized between unaccompanied foreign minors and
Italian children with the purpose to improve fostering moments of exchange and discussion starting from the principles established by the CRC, on the other hand there was the scope of lowering them into everyday reality by trying to discuss in which way the rights were really apply in their life contexts. Furthermore, in the second part of 2019 AGIA and UNHCR decided to start a participatory workshop for UASCs hosted in reception centre in Rome. The course was designed to deepen media literacy, digital citizenship, hate speech with the aim of encouraging UASCs to have a positive and conscious online attitude by strengthening their trust, becoming content conscious producers and expressing their identity and own point of view on the topics in question. The action had a dual purpose: provide more tools to know and be more aware of social media; create a video in which children involved told their daily experience about hate speech, racism and xenophobia in Italy. The outcome of the activities is a video2. It was presented during the AGIA event "Rights in growth" organized on 19 November at the Ara Pacis Museum.

The action had a dual purpose: provide more tools to know and be more aware of social media; create a video in which children involved told their daily experience about hate speech, racism and xenophobia in Italy. The outcome of the activities is a video. It was presented during the AGIA event "Rights in growth" organized on 19 November at the Ara Pacis Museum.
Project aims

Offer children the opportunity to increase knowledge and awareness on their own rights;

Contribute to the development and empowerment of children and adolescents involved;

Offer children the opportunity to be properly informed and therefore make informed decisions;

Allow children to play an active role in the decision-making processes and have the possibility to influence them; and

Offer opportunities for active citizenship.

Resources used
For the implementation and development of activities, UNHCR has financed the implementation of all the actions carried out. Furthermore, UNHCR and
AGIA have made human resources, from their respective offices, available with the aim of achieving the set objectives.

United Nation Convention on the rights of the Child.

Art. 12, Law No. 47 of 7 April 2017 - more specifically Art. 117, paragraph 2, letter m) of the Constitution - providing that facilities hosting children should meet "the minimum standards for services and assistance to children set for residential facilities", and should be properly monitored. This will grant that the child's best interest takes priority status when implementing reception measures, pursuant to Art. 18, paragraph 2ter of Legislative Decree No. 142/2015.

Pursuant to framework Law No 328/2000 (Art. 6, Paragraph 2, Letter c), social services should monitor those subjects entrusted by law to carry out social interventions at a local level, namely municipalities.

Main activities of the Good Practice

Objective 2 of the GCR: Enhance refugee self-reliance
The good practice meets objective n.2 of the GCR, i.e. enhancing refugee self-reliance. Moreover, the good practice is also in line with the area in need of support outlined by the GCR of meeting the needs and supporting communities with regard to children, adolescents and youth. The presented projects includes resources and expertise to support age-sensitive services for refugees, and aims especially at the empowerment of refugee youth, building on their potential and resilience to find eventual solutions. The project builds upon the recognition, utilization and development of the capacities and skills of refugee youth, in order to include them in decision making processes.

Partners

Ombudsman for children and adolescents of Palermo Municipality

Tuscany Regional Ombudsman for children and adolescents

Piedmont Regional Ombudsman for children and adolescents

Municipality of Rome

Municipality of Naples

Professional · Social services of Florence, Turin and Pescara Municipality

SPRAR (Protection System for Asylum Seekers)

Primary and Secondary Schools in different Italian location

Museo delle Mura (Museum in Rome)

Museo Ara Pacis

Teatro Spazio Diamante- Festival In-divenire

Challenges and how they were overcome

Challenges:

In the development of the project one of the crucial challenges was the creation of a network of subjects working in synergy to achieve common goals.

Each territory at local level adopts differentiated practices and methods of intervention. One of the difficulties encountered was the involvement of local networks in a national perspective.

How they were overcome:

Each territory has different modes of intervention and territorial practices change from region to region. The AGIA and UNHCR offices have tried to listen to local needs by trying to incorporate national strategy into local dynamics.

Results of the Good Practice

Involvement of minors (asylum seekers and refugees) in training courses for volunteer tutors as speakers. For minors it was an opportunity for empowerment and active citizenship.

Through the creation of a photography workshop for minors hosted in Rome's first and second reception facilities, it was given them the opportunity to express their point of view on the issues that concern themselves. Minors have learned to express their emotions and thoughts with peers and adults of reference. Through the various exhibitions organized during the two years, minors had the opportunity to share their creativity and vision of the places that surround them.

Through involvement in training courses for volunteer tutors and in the various laboratories about participation, minors have increased awareness of their skills.

Support, self-help and mutual help between the subjects involved.

Next steps
At present there is a schedule for activities related to the first half of 2020.

The offices are confident they will implement the activities until the expiry of the agreement.

In 2020 the intervention actions will continue through a systematization of the activities carried out in the previous years, with a specific focus on actions that enhance the right to participate of unaccompanied foreign minors.

The UNHCR-AGIA 2017-2018 final report on participatory activities will be translated in English.

In 2020 will be developed other participatory workshop which will involve unaccompanied foreign children and their Italian peers.

For more information about the project please visit: https://www.unhcr.it/cosa-facciamo/protezione/minori-non-accompagnati/ascolto-e-partecipazione

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Unaccompanied and separated children in Italy: the right to be heard and to participate | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Filomena Albano, Autorità Garante per l'infanzia e l'adolescenza (Italian Independent authority for children and adolescents) Website: https://www.garanteinfanzia.org/ / https://www.unhcr.it/ Social: @agiasocial Country Italy Duration October 2017-Ongoing As from October 2017 AGIA and UNHCR have been collaborating to facilitate and promote the effective protection of children in Italy.

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On February 22 2021, 15 vulnerable migrants from Qacha’s Nek District have graduated from the skills training at College Cooperative formulation and Entrepreneurship Business Services (CCEBS) in Mafeteng district. They have acquired skills to manufacture hand sanitizers, body lotion, petroleum jelly, dried soup, beverage, dish washer and other items.

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On February 22 2021, 15 youth from Qacha's Nek District have graduated from the skills training at College Cooperative formulation and Entrepreneurship Business Services (CCEBS) in Mafeteng district. They have acquired skills to manufacture hand sanitizers, body lotion, petroleum jelly, dried soup, beverage, dish washer and other items. The product is organic and made of the locally available materials such as rose hip and aloe vera.
In his remarks, Director of CCEBS, Mr. Ramoorosi, explained about the importance of becoming ''producer and become entrepreneurs (create job themselves)'' rather than "waiting for somebody to employ them.'' The Director encouraged the students to be creative and bold as they became entrepreneurs.

Head of Office IOM Lesotho, Ms Eriko Nishimura stated that one of IOM's key mandates is to ensure vulnerable migrants could be exposed to life changing opportunities and expressed her sincere appreciation to the UK Aid as donor and CCEBS as a committed partner.

On Behalf of the United Kingdom High Commission in Lesotho, Ms. Lineo Tsikoane thanked IOM for the efforts to improve the lives of Basotho. When talking to the students, she said; "we hope you will be exemplary and that this training has truly improved your lives" she quoted a famous proverb which says "give a man fish, you will feed him for a day, teach a man how to fish and you will feed him for a lifetime."

A student representative thanked IOM for the support which she said has truly impacted on their lives. She said that they considered this training to be an honor and a great privilege. She reflected on how some of them had previously crossed the border to South Africa often through unofficial channels in search of work. She said that this effort had brought them together and that because their group is from Qachas Nek, they were intent on forming a society that would help them market and sell their products.

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Transforming Lives: 15 returnees and vulnerable youth start a new life chapter

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On February 22 2021, 15 youth from Qacha's Nek District have graduated from the skills training at College Cooperative formulation and Entrepreneurship Business Services (CCEBS) in Mafeteng district. They have acquired skills to manufacture hand sanitizers, body lotion, petroleum jelly, dried soup, beverage, dish washer and other items. The product is organic and made of the locally available materials such as rose hip and aloe vera.

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Waste Management Micro-Enterprise Program

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Freetown was selected as a recipient of the inaugural Global Cities Fund for Inclusive Pandemic Response, a $1,000,000 initiative to respond to the unmet needs of cities as they support migrants, refugees, and internally displaced people (IDPs) during Covid-19. Freetown is using the funds to expand its Waste Management Micro-Enterprise program to ensure more youth living in informal settlements, many of whom are rural migrants, access the opportunity to jointly improve their livelihoods and the public health of their communities now and in the future.

Freetown's population has more than doubled over a twenty-year period primarily due to conflict and climate change. As a result of this rapid growth, over 35 percent of the city's estimated 1.2 million residents live in low income informal settlements where density, sanitation, and a reliance on meager daily wages were daunting challenges even before Covid-19.

While Freetown has managed to keep its Covid-19 case rates relatively low, infection prevention measures have wreaked havoc on the city's economy. In Sierra Leone, as job losses resulting from COVID-19 mount and work opportunities reduce, national food insecurity has risen sharply from 53.4 percent in August 2019 to 63% in June 2020 and the number of households able to consume all meals in a week dropped by 20 percent from April to July. Evidence suggests that households are cutting back food consumption because of the pandemic, and this situation is exacerbated in the rural migrant dominated informal settlements where there is little buffer or cash savings to meet income shocks by COVID-19 restrictions as 75% of households had an income of less than $1 per day.

In Freetown, COVID-induced loss of work opportunities and hunger in informal communities, where majority of rural migrants live, is compounded by a lack of access to clean water for hand washing - a key preventative measure for COVID and myriad other communicable diseases. With up to 44% of residents in informal settlements reporting that they dispose of their refuse in an open drainage, poor sanitation practices contribute to the pollution of natural waterways and water points (e.g. springs, streams, wells), which are sources of water for hand washing and drinking. Consequently, rural-urban migrants are even more vulnerable to experiencing other health outbreaks as they prevent COVID-19.

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Freetown, Sierra Leone - MAYORS MIGRATION COUNCIL

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Freetown will expand its Waste Management Micro-Enterprise program to ensure more youth living in informal settlements, many of whom are rural migrants, access the opportunity to jointly improve their livelihoods and the public health of their communities now and in the future.

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Libya’s inclusive vaccination initiative

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Fruit Basket advocates for the rights and freedoms as well as the safety and security of LGBTIQ+ migrants, asylum seekers and refugees living in South Africa, promoting equality and opportunities in a safe and secure environment for LGBTIQ+ persons and groups. Since the COVID-19 pandemic started, through online appeals and crowdfunding campaigns, the organisation has responded to some of this community’s most urgent needs (food, rent, medications and health emergencies).

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The Award 2020

In 2020, the Award has been dedicated to Refugee-led Organizations and to the novel and creative solutions that have emerged in response to COVID-19 at global, regional, national and local levels.

The pandemic has negatively impacted protection and well-being of persons of concern around the world causing, for instance, loss of access to asylum, freedom of movement, and livelihoods; increased food insecurity; and increased risk of sexual and gender-based violence. Refugees and other persons of concern are among some of the most vulnerable people impacted by the pandemic. Fortunately, in the response, creativity and innovation also have flourished. Many refugee-led organizations, working with persons of concern and host communities, have come up with innovative practices, for instance, reshaping existing livelihood activities to producing protective personal equipment, hosting radio slot talks to distribute correct information about the pandemic amongst refugees, producing plant-based soaps for distribution and utilizing medical/psychosocial consultations via accessible messaging tools.

Winners were selected based on five criteria: 1) The understanding of the challenge or issue at hand, 2) the novelty of the solution, 3) the inclusion of a variety of actors in designing the solution or project, 4) the potential impact and/or the initial findings/results achieved, 5) a clear implementation plan for the Award.

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UNHCR NGO Innovation Award 2020 - UNHCR Innovation

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In 2020, the Award has been dedicated to Refugee-led Organizations and to the novel and creative solutions that have emerged in response to COVID-19 at global, regional, national and local levels.

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The Forum for Protection of People's Rights provides refugee legal aid and representation for refugees seeking asylum, those in detention or facing criminal charges. For refugees seeking protection with UNHCR (who carry out refugee status determination in Nepal), FPPR provide general information and assistance as well as assisting with document preparation, drafting testimonies and legal submissions, and providing referrals to other organisations when appropriate. FPPR also provide health and psycho-social services to refugees.

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Welcome to PPR

Forum for Protection of People's Rights (PPR) is a non-governmental, non-profit organization established in 2002 to advocate and work in the area of human rights and access to justice. PPR Nepal is established and run by lawyers, human rights activists, health professionals, peace workers and sociologists.

PPR is registered under Nepal Government/District Administration Office, Kathmandu and is affiliated with the Social Welfare Council (SWC) of Nepal.

Anti Human Trafficking

Human trafficking is a traditional and organized crime prevalent in Nepal from long ago. Despite many anti trafficking initiatives by the government of Nepal, I/NGOs and donor agencies Nepal is still experiencing an increasing trend of people being trafficked to cross boarder countries especially to India and Gulf countries for forced prostitution and labour exploitation. Human trafficking has been in practice for a very long time. US Department of State has categorized Nepal as Tier -2 state on human trafficking for the last several years.

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Forum for Protection of People's Rights, Nepal

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Forum for Protection of People's Rights (PPR) is a non-governmental, non-profit organization established in 2002 to advocate and work in the area of human rights and access to justice. PPR Nepal is established and run by lawyers, human rights activists, health professionals, peace workers and sociologists.

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ASSAF was founded in 2007 in order to aid refugees and asylum seekers in Israel. Its aim is to promote the rights of refugees in their encounters with the state authorities. This includes providing advocacy and support to those in need: thousands of men, women and children who are conducting a daily struggle to overcome memories of the traumatic experiences they have escaped, and who are living in Israel without status or access to basic human rights.

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ASSAF was founded in 2007 in order to aid refugees and asylum seekers in Israel. Our aim is to promote the rights of refugees in their encounters with the state authorities. This includes providing advocacy and support to those in need: thousands of men, women and children who are conducting a daily struggle to overcome memories of the traumatic experiences they have escaped, and who are living in Israel without status or access to basic human rights.

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Home | ASSAF - Aid Organization for Refugees and Asylum Seekers in Israel

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ASSAF was founded in 2007 in order to aid refugees and asylum seekers in Israel. Our aim is to promote the rights of refugees in their encounters with the state authorities.

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In Buenos Aires, the Argentinian Catholic Foundation Commission of Migration (FCCAM, Fundación Comisión Católica Argentina de Migraciones) has brought together public and private actors to promote refugees’ social integration through various educational and employment interventions. In the initial stages, UNHCR and the Government of Argentina provided basic humanitarian assistance. In addition, FCCAM has forged partnerships with the University of Buenos Aires and the Tzedaká Foundation who offer their support in the form of food assistance, shelter, health services, orientation and Spanish language classes.

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​COMISIÓN EPISCOPAL DE LA PASTORAL DE MIGRANTES E ITINERANTES

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Skip to the content

Desde 1951 promoviendo y garantizando, a la luz de la Palabra de Dios y del Magisterio de la Iglesia, la dignidad y los derechos humanos de las personas en situación de movilidad humana en la Argentina.

NUESTRA MISIÓN

Nuestra misión es promover y garantizar, a la luz de la Palabra de Dios y del Magisterio de la Iglesia, la dignidad y los derechos humanos de las personas en situación de movilidad humana, que permitan una real oportunidad de inserción y participación en el tejido social argentino.

​COMISIÓN EPISCOPAL DE LA PASTORAL DE MIGRANTES E ITINERANTES

Laprida 930Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires

República Argentina
Ver mapa
Tel. (54 11) 4963-6889 / 4962-2663

Email. [email protected]

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Home | ​COMISIÓN EPISCOPAL DE LA PASTORAL DE MIGRANTES E ITINERANTES

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Skip to the content Desde 1951 promoviendo y garantizando, a la luz de la Palabra de Dios y del Magisterio de la Iglesia, la dignidad y los derechos humanos de las personas en situación de movilidad humana en la Argentina.

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The Living Water Community (LWC) of Trinidad and Tobago has been heavily engaged in efforts to ensure that refugee and asylum seeker children are provided with the psychological support they need in the country. Working closely with the Children’s Authority of Trinidad and Tobago, a nascent government institution charged with the care and protection of children, LWC has been able to establish an informal referral system

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A one-week process for designing hand-washing behaviour change programmes. It involves using 5 rapid assessment tools. Findings are then entered into a decision-making software which generates context-adapted recommendations.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by:

London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine

Action Contre la Faim

Centre for Affordable Water and Sanitation Technology (CAWST)

Email:
Sian White, Research Fellow, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine - sian.w[email protected]

Introduction to the project
Countries
Global

Including: Iraq, DR Congo, Philippines, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Lebanon, Jordan, Zimbabwe, Tanzania, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Haiti, Yemen, Cameroon and Colombia
Duration
Wash'Em began in October 2016. The first phase of the project was exploratory, aiming to learn more about the determinants of handwashing behaviour in different types of crises and understand the constraints humanitarians faced when designing hygiene behaviour change programmes for crises. From October 2018 we launched the rapid assessment tools and have since been supporting humanitarian actors to use these. In early 2020 we will launch the Wash'Em software.

The current phase of funding is due to end in March 2020. However we have sought funding for a final phase of work which will look more at the impact and sustainability of the Wash'Em process.
Description
Wash'Em is a one-week process for designing hand-washing behaviour change programmes. It involves using 5 rapid assessment tools. Findings are then entered into a decision-making software which generates context-adapted recommendations.
Project aims
To provide humanitarians with a process for designing rapid, evidence-based and context-specific handwashing behaviour change programmes for emergencies.
Resources used
We spent two years conducting literature reviews, interviewing humanitarians and working with crisis affected populations. Through this research we identified that many of the current available tools are not fit for purpose and are not being utilised in emergencies. This insight shaped our desire to help humanitarians do better. USAID/OFDA saw the value in this and has supported the project financially since its inception.

Main activities of the Good Practice

The Wash'Em process involves using 5 rapid assessment tools to understand behaviour. Then you enter your findings into the Wash'Em software which will give you tailored programme recommendations.

Partners

Wash'Em is a partnership between LSHTM, ACF and CAWST.

45 local and International NGOs, UN Agencies and Government agencies have been in testing Wash'Em in contexts where they work

Wash'Em is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID)

Challenges and how they were overcome

Challenge 1: Learning how humanitarians learn

We realised that one of the main reasons resources aren't used is that the format and length of current documents means they are overlooked in emergencies or resources are not in the hands of those who need them most.

How the challenge was overcome:

We have created Wash'Em materials in a range of formats. For example, we have created simple 2 page briefs in a range of languages, short videos to demonstrate how the rapid assessment tools should be conducted, face-to-face training manuals and slide decks, an online support hub for users to ask questions, and programme recommendations that are as simple as following a recipe.
Challenge 2: Bridging the gap between perfect and possible
Through our research we learned that most humanitarians think behaviour change is something that is beyond their capacity. We wanted to help them understand behavioural theory and use existing evidence but also wanted the Wash'Em process to be accessible for someone with no prior experience.

How the challenge was overcome:
Challenge 3: Different organisational ways of working
The Wash'Em development process has been highly iterative and has brought together experts with different skills. We have endeavoured to regularly check in with humanitarians and crisis affected populations to make sure all our decisions make sense to practitioners. We have kept to simple language and have embedded options to allow users to read and learn more if they wish, while keeping the basic content to a minimum.

One barrier to uptake of new innovative processes is that most organisations already have standard ways of operating.

How the challenge was overcome:

In many countries we have rolled out training on the tools through the WASH Cluster. This has proved very effective as it encourages actors to collaborate, share experiences and findings and seek funding together. We have identified 'Wash'Em champions' within organisations who can support the use of the tools across their country programmes.

Results of the Good Practice
How the project meets the GCR Objectives

Humanitarians have reported that the Wash'Em Rapid Assessment tools give them a much richer understanding of hand-washing behaviour but also of the broader experiences of refugees and crisis affected populations. They feel that the Wash'Em process allows them to put the voices of crisis affected populations at the centre of their programme design.

Crisis affected populations find the rapid assessment tools fun to take part in and value having the opportunity to share their own experiences and priorities.

Since this is a relatively new process, most Wash'Em designed programmes are still being implemented. In our next phase of work we intent to track impact of Wash'Em programmes on behaviour.

The Good Practice contributes to Objective 2: Enhance refugee self-reliance

Wash'Em places a strong focus on designing hygiene programmes which are sensitive to the needs of crisis-affected populations and which build refugee agency and dignity. Handwashing behaviour change may at first seem a strange platform through to champion this. However, maintaining hygiene is at the core of what it is to be human and hygiene programmes done poorly can be offensive and cause harm. Hygiene promotion activities promoted within Wash'Em link hygiene with livelihoods and mental health care and protection. Activities also promote creativity and local innovation, helping refugees to re-build their sense of agency and make their situation more comfortable.

Next steps

We continue to support interested users to try out the tools to aid their programme design processes.

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Wash'Em: Improving hygiene programming in emergencies | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Action Contre la Faim Centre for Affordable Water and Sanitation Technology (CAWST) Email: Sian White, Research Fellow, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine - sian.w[email protected] Countries Global Including: Iraq, DR Congo, Philippines, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Lebanon, Jordan, Zimbabwe, Tanzania, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Haiti, Yemen, Cameroon and Colombia Duration Wash'Em began in October 2016.

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The Refugee Engagement Forum is the national platform to represent the refugee voice in Uganda and to ensure refugees play a vital role in the refugee response.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by
Refugee Engagement Forum (REF)
Country
Uganda
Duration
2018 - Ongoing
Project aims
Ensure refugee participation within the CRRF Steering Group which is the platform that represents the views of key stakeholders involved in the refugee response in Uganda.
Resources used

Financial resources

Terms of Reference

The refugee Act which provides for self reliance of refugees and Refugee policy which provides for the RWCs

Partners

CARE International

OXFAM

IRC

UNHCR in partnership with Office of the Prime Minister (Uganda)

Challenges and how they were overcome
Challenges
Financial challenges regarding facilitating the active participation of refugees in the REF, not only at the national level, but also for the feedback and consultative processes in settlements.
How they were overcome
Advocacy and fundraising has been done at the different planning platforms that bring together organizations that plan and coordinate on refugee response which has yielded support to the required budget.

Results of the Good Practice

Increased participation of refugees in refugee response planning, implementation and monitoring.
How the project meets the GCR objectives
The Refugee Engagement Forum allows for meaningful interventions by refugees. It allows refugees to speak to their actual needs. These are presented by representatives at the Steering Group meetings which bring together key decision makers from the Office of the Prime Minister (Department of Refugees), Local Government and other key ministries, hosting District leadership representatives, other high-level representatives (Heads) from Government, UN, IFIs, development partners, INGOs/NGOs, CSOs and/or private sector.

This contributes to Objective 2, enhance refugee self-reliance, by effectively responding to the needs of refugees and host communities, yielding sustained and positive benefits for them. This is also an avenue for feedback from refugees to donors, policy makers and development partners.

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Enhancing Refugees' Voices in the Refugee Response Process in Uganda | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by Refugee Engagement Forum (REF) Country Uganda Duration 2018 - Ongoing Project aims Ensure refugee participation within the CRRF Steering Group which is the platform that represents the views of key stakeholders involved in the refugee response in Uganda.

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The projects aims to enhance refugee self-reliance through education and training, empowering refugees to become providers as well as beneficiaries.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by
The Tzu Chi Foundation
Country
Southeast Asia: Malaysia, Thailand

MENA: Turkey
Duration
2007 - Present
Description
The Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation (BTCF), or "Tzu Chi", has projects that are implemented and used in Asia. Refugees are trained and empowered to become leaders, program implementers and trainers of other trainers, or other refugees. The project includes partnerships with different stakeholders including refugees themselves and host populations. Our core belief, and faith, is that refugees are more than just people who need help. They are assets and can empower themselves, if given the right opportunity, and strengthen host communities as a whole.

In Malaysia and Thailand, BTCF and its partners implements medical, educational, and livelihoods initiatives. It also implements programs where refugees are trained and employed as health trainers, translators, educators, and other general staff.

It is through making space for refugees to become their own leaders in their aid and development system, as well as facing and overcoming challenges together while coming from various backgrounds, which promotes self-reliance and eases pressure on host communities. Refugees are brought closer together, their bonds are strengthened and the project is too.
VIDEO: 2019.06.29 Free clinic for refugees in Selangor Project aims
The projects aims to enhance refugee self-reliance through education and training, empowering refugees to become providers as well as beneficiaries.
Resources used
Financial, medical, educational, and material.

Partners

US State Department Bureau of Populations, Refugees, and Migration

UNHCR

IOM

VIDEO: KL Tzu Chi International School - Introduction
Challenges and how they were overcome

Challenges regarding language, cultural and communication barriers were overcome by first training refugees to become program implementers and then staffing the program with trained refugees.

Results of the Good Practice

Refugees in Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur, and Istanbul have trained and employed other refugees as health trainers, teachers, translators, massage therapists, barbers, and program staff.

Primary and secondary school aged-students in Malaysia have received an education.

Refugees in Bangkok and Kuala Lumpur received free healthcare services in the forms of static and mobile clinics.

Next steps

The next steps for this project involves the expansion and replication of the models used.
VIDEO: 30/03/2560 TzuChi Thailand Chapter provided food for refugees

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Refugees as leaders and program implementers | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by The Tzu Chi Foundation Country Southeast Asia: Malaysia, Thailand MENA: Turkey Duration 2007 - Present Description The Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation (BTCF), or "Tzu Chi", has projects that are implemented and used in Asia. Refugees are trained and empowered to become leaders, program implementers and trainers of other trainers, or other refugees.

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The project harnesses a regional network of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV) service delivery partners to provide technical support to UNHCR and NGOs in implementing a range of evidence-based models addressing SGBV in refugee programs.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by
Population Council
Country
East, Horn, and Great Lakes Region of Africa (Djibouti, Ethiopia, Rwanda, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia)
Duration
October 2018 - September 2020, with the possibility of extension.
Description
The project harnesses a regional network of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV) service delivery partners to provide technical support to UNHCR and NGOs in implementing a range of evidence-based models addressing SGBV in refugee programs.
Project aims

Foster change in humanitarian approaches to SGBV responses by harnessing a regional network of partners;

Strengthen partnerships for working on SGBV by: ensuring that evidence-based approaches are amplified, partners are aware of each other's work and capitalize on one another's strengths, and that continuous South-South learning is instituted and sustained;

Inform UNHCR's global and regional SGBV policy.

Resources used

Technical assistance provided at multiple levels on-site, in refugee programs, and remotely by UNHCR EHAGL Africa Bureau, the Council, and network partners.

Financial support provided by the Council to network partners and UNHCR partners.

Strong and longstanding partnerships such as the technical cooperation agreement between the UNHCR EHAGL Africa Bureau and the Population Council since 2014. Additionally, the project draws from a network of partners that have worked together since 2006 to establish and refine evidence-based models addressing SGBV.

The evidence base on which the project draws - i.e., previous feasibility and effectiveness studies conducted as part of introducing some of the project models in refugee settings, and of demonstrating that these models work in refugee settings prior to scaling them up.

Partners

UNHCR country offices in 8 countries (Djibouti, Ethiopia, Rwanda, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia)

UNHCR's NGO partners of SGBV programs in the 8 countries

Ministries of Health in the 8 countries

The National Police Service (South Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda)

Africa Regional SGBV Network

International Conference on the Great Lakes Region's Regional Training Facility (covering 12 Member States: Angola, Burundi, Central African Republic, Republic of Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia)

Challenges and how they were overcome

As with any regional project, the main challenges include the variability between countries in terms of environment, capacity of partners, and available resources.

The project is built around a technical assistance network, which was designed to respond to the challenges mentioned. The challenges continue to be overcome by drawing on the expertise and experience of the multi-country network in addressing such predicaments at multiple levels, in addition to that of the UNHCR EHAGL Africa Bureau.

Results of the Good Practice

Refugees and host communities in 8 countries in the East, Horn, and Great Lakes Region of Africa are beneficiaries of 6 SGBV interventions that help to prevent and respond effectively to SGBV.

More SGBV survivors are being proactively identified and connected to care, thus potentially mitigating the issue of under-reporting.

More efficient care models are being used in health facilities to attend to SGBV survivors and ensure they receive comprehensive care.

More male and female community members in refugee settings are working together to proactively prevent and mitigate SGBV in their communities.

UNHCR and NGO partners have access to the resource and expertise of the Network to improve programming.

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VOICE: Violence Response and Prevention through Information, Communication, and Evidence | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by Population Council Country East, Horn, and Great Lakes Region of Africa (Djibouti, Ethiopia, Rwanda, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia) Duration October 2018 - September 2020, with the possibility of extension.

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Developing skills and creating employment opportunities for 45 young Roma, including IDPs, in local institutions through community volunteering. Supporting the formulation, implementation and monitoring of Roma inclusion policies at the local level.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by
United Nations Volunteers
Country
Serbia
Duration
February 2018 - December 2019, 23 months
Description
Through the UN Community Volunteer modality, implemented for the first time in partnership with UNDP and UNHCR in Serbia, the development of skills and employment of 45 young Roma, including IDPs, in local institutions were supported to formulate, implement and monitor Roma inclusion policies at the local level.

Roma belong to the largest ethnic minority in Serbia and are still among the most deprived communities, often facing discrimination, social exclusion and unequal access to employment, education, housing and health services. The 2017 Regional Survey on socio-economic position of vulnerable Roma in the Western Balkans, commissioned by UNDP, showed that the biggest challenges for social inclusion of Roma in Serbia are their high unemployment and inactivity rates. While the education aspect has improved for Roma, it is not resulting in their employment.

With this evidence available, UNDP started searching for options to contribute to improved employment and expanding economic opportunities of young educated Roma. Given that there is a very low percentage of Roma working in governmental institutions, this was yet another factor taken into account. The UNV UN Community Volunteer Modality proved to be appropriate for young Roma, and a possible flagship for expanding economic opportunities in the sub-region.

Main activities of the Good Practice

Through the pilot UN Community Volunteer modality, UNV, UNDP and UNHCR were able to engage 45 young Roma women and men in local governments and other governmental or non-governmental institutions at the local level and to improve their social inclusion.

Initial employment was for 6 months (May-October 2018). Afterwards, 19 out of 30 contracts were extended till the end of 2018. In early 2019, 15 out of 19 contracts were further extended until the end of April 2019. Due to the success of this project cycle, UNDP and UNHCR announced a new call for applications for the new group of 15 UN Volunteers contracted in May 2019 for 6 months.

Five training modules were prepared, and trainings organized for all 45 selected young Roma men and women. The trainings focused on human rights, discrimination, statelessness; legally invisible people, stateless persons, IDPs and returnees; vulnerable group rights; and the functioning of the local mechanisms for social inclusion.

In addition to capacity building and networking, a Summer Camp for young Roma men and women was organized, covering questions of identity and offering advocacy trainings.

Partners

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Challenges and how they were overcome

The main challenge that occurred during this intervention is related to the advocating for the establishment of permanent positions for representatives of Roma community in the local institutions, as there is still an employment ban in the public sector at present (adopted by the Government).

Results of the Good Practice

The 45 selected young Roma increased their knowledge and acquired capacities for working in local institutions, thereby empowering the participation of young Roma in the society and their inclusion in the institutions. The participants learned about their ability to influence changes at the local level.

They were deployed in 33 municipalities across Serbia to work in different institutions, such as the Ministry of Culture and Information, Provincial government, local self-government units, health centres, and centres for social work. Having them work as accountants, legal advisers, social workers, nurses, administrative workers and human resource advisers etc. was also beneficial for the Roma community in those municipalities, since volunteers assisted them in solving their issues.

The project invested efforts in negotiating with local stakeholders to maintain these young Roma and Roma IDPs employed beyond the completion of their engagement as UN Volunteers. So far, out of 45 Roma engaged through the project, continued employment has been secured for 9 people.

The intervention, particularly the tailor-made UN Community Volunteer modality for placement of young Roma in local institutions, has raised significant interest among international organizations (WHO, UNECE, REF, RCC), as well as national and local institutions, but also among young Roma.

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Improving Social Inclusion of young Roma through UN Community Volunteering | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by United Nations Volunteers Country Serbia Duration February 2018 - December 2019, 23 months Description Through the UN Community Volunteer modality, implemented for the first time in partnership with UNDP and UNHCR in Serbia, the development of skills and employment of 45 young Roma, including IDPs, in local institutions were supported to formulate, implement and monitor Roma inclusion policies at the local level.

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The SLE Toolkit supports partners to better understand the situation of learners and school personnel in complex and volatile contexts, and to be able to do so rapidly and with junior researchers and/or in-house M&E staff.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by:
U.S. Agency for International Development (donor)
Email:
Nina Papadopoulos, Team Lead Education in Crisis and Conflict - [email protected]

Website: eccnetwork.net/

Introduction to the project
Country
Global

Piloted in Jordan, Lebanon, Somalia, Honduras, Philippines, Uganda, El Salvador and Liberia.
Duration
2015 - ongoing
Description
The toolkit serves to rapidly assess a variety of risks to safety within learning environments to help design and adapt projects to help overcome those risks.
Project aims
In contexts where learners are integrated in host country schools, assessing then addressing the safety concerns for all learners will improve the quality of education for host and refugee learners alike. (Objective 1: Ease the pressures on host countries)

If refugees' learning opportunities are not safe, then they won't participate in them at all, or will take unacceptable risks to do so. By improving the safety of refugee learning experiences, the SLE tool improves the likelihood that refugees will access the learning opportunities available to them. (GCR Objective 2: Enhance refugee self-reliance)

The SLE Toolkit can be used in any context. Applying it in countries of origin would be useful not just for those who remained in-country, but also for refugees who may wish to return since access to safe and quality education in the country of origin may be a deciding factor in their desire to return. (GCR Objective 4: Support conditions in countries of origin for return in safety and dignity)
Resources used
USAID supported the development, piloting and refinement of this tool, without which it would not have been possible.

Main activities of the Good Practice

The SLE Toolkit supports partners to better understand the situation of learners and school personnel in complex and volatile contexts, and to be able to do so rapidly and with junior researchers and/or in-house M&E staff. Having data to assess the extent to which a learning environment is safe or unsafe-and to identify the particular risks at play-is critical for program design, adaptation, and implementation. Multiple types of data can serve specific purposes, and this toolkit allows users to conduct a quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-methods exercise, depending on their particular needs.

Partners

The toolkit development was led by the USAID Education in Crisis and Conflict Network (ECCN) community of practice (implemented by Education Development Center and University of Massachusetts Amherst), with detailed review and contributions from the USAID Education in Crisis and Conflict (EiCC) team.

Seven ECCN member organizations piloted versions of the toolkit between 2016 and 2018:

Relief International (Jordan);

World Learning (Lebanon);

Mercy Corps (Somalia);

Childfund (Honduras and Philippines);

Advocacy for Child Relief (Uganda);

Glasswing International (El Salvador);

Education Development Center (Liberia)

Challenges and how they were overcome

Challenges: The main challenge was in creating a research toolkit that achieved the correct balance between practicality and rigor.

How challenges were overcome: Three separate versions of the toolkit were piloted in nine countries with very distinct risks to safety so as to arrive at the final version that was considered to be the most practical yet rigorous.

Results of the Good Practice

Though the final version of the tool is fairly recent (mid-2019), there is clear potential for its use in refugee and/or host community contexts.

Three piloting teams used versions of toolkit in refugee contexts (ACRUG Uganda; World Learning Lebanon; Relief International Jordan) and were positive about the impact it had on their programming both in terms of its ability to tell them more about each unique, and rapidly changing, context, but also in its accessibility for junior researchers including in-house staff.

Next steps

The SLE Toolkit will be further shared and implemented by others working in crisis and conflict contexts, and that the reports generated from individual SLE Assessments will be shared more broadly, for partners to have a wealth of information about contexts in which they work or will work in future.

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Safer Learning Environments Assessment Toolkit | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: U.S. Agency for International Development (donor) Email: Nina Papadopoulos, Team Lead Education in Crisis and Conflict - [email protected] Website: eccnetwork.net/ Country Global Piloted in Jordan, Lebanon, Somalia, Honduras, Philippines, Uganda, El Salvador and Liberia.

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Provision of health care to refugees and migrants in nine locations across Serbia as well as delivery of essential medicines to the affected population.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Andrijana Vojnovic, Project Officer, Catholic Relief Services (CRS)

Introduction to the project
Country
Republic of Serbia and North Macedonia
Duration
The project began 1st March 2017. The project will be completed on 15th December 2019.

The government will take over provision of health services upon the project completion. It is expected that service provision will continue uninterruptedly and with the same composition of medical teams that accumulated experience and expertise during the intervention.
Description
Provision of health care to refugees and migrants in nine locations across Serbia as well as delivery of essential medicines to the affected population.

*A project of Catholic Relief Services and the International Organization for Migration with the support of EU MADAD RTF.
Project aims
The goal of the project was to facilitate access to basic medical care for migrants, asylum seekers and refugees in Serbia. In order to meet the project objective CRS deployed nine medical teams across Serbia to meet the essential health needs of incoming migrants through health assessments and tests conducted by CRS-contracted doctors and nurses. In addition to basic health services covered, CRS facilitated the provision of secondary medical protection by referring and later accompanying the migrants to government run health centers and hospitals in cases when further treatment was necessary. Medical teams had the support of 9 CRS interpreters for Arabic and Farsi to enable effective communication between medical personnel and migrants in languages understandable to them (predominantly Arabic, Farsi and/or Pashto).
Resources used
Local laws that enabled CRS to take part in the response, to hire medical teams through the existing system and local Health Centers. The project was also in line with several key government documents such as (but not limited to) Migration Management Strategy, Law on migration management, Law on social welfare etc.

The implementation of the project was facilitated by dedicated funds from the EU MADAD Regional Trust Fund.

Main activities of the Good Practice
Objective 1: Ease the pressures on host countries
The project served not only to address the immediate health protection needs of the migrants/refugees transiting or accommodated in Serbia but also to extend support to the government and fill in the gap in the area where the local communities did not have the capacity to address the issue. Within the scope of the ongoing crisis, refugees and migrants have been stranded in the country for several months, now years, leading to overcrowding at the existing centres, which were in the beginning of the crisis deemed insufficient for addressing protection needs of the most vulnerable persons. At the time the project was initiated government of Serbia was implementing the fiscal consolidation measures that included hiring freeze in most public administration entities. The resources that health center had were too scarce to serve both local population and increasing number of migrants and refugees. CRS was able to bridge this gap and help increase the capacities at the local level by hiring local unemployed licensed doctors and nurses from the local community and also equipping the small clinics inside the reception centers where the health care was provided with necessary medical equipment that will later be transferred to local health centers to be used by host community as well. All of this led to increased involvement of local community through cooperation with the local Health Centres and increased capacity of the local community to deal with the migration/refugee crisis. CRS medical coordinator was travelling regularly to the field monitoring the needs and medical condition of all especially vulnerable and chronic patients and reporting regularly to the project management team and the Ministry of Health ensuring that all needs are met timely without additional pressure on the local health centers.
Objective 2:Enhance refugee self-reliance
Within the health component of the project from March 2017 to December 2019 CRS was able to provide medical protection to more than 14.000 migrants - including male and female. More than 1.500 vulnerable patients were provided with medical examinations and essential medicines. Some of the patients had chronic conditions that CRS medical teams were able to adequately treat, some had acute conditions, injuries that required immediate attention. Due to the fact that migrants and refugees had very high-quality health protection provided at all times their health condition improved significantly over time. As a result, many of them were able to live their lives in dignity and be successfully integrated into the local communities. Many children started going to school as the Government of Serbia and other stakeholders facilitated that all school aged children receive the compulsory primary education. All of this led to enhanced refugee self-reliance and CRS is proud to be able to contribute to this objective of the GCR.

Partners

IOM - International Organization for Migration

EU Delegation in Serbia

Ministry of Health of the Republic of Serbia

Commissariat for Refugees and Migration of the Republic of Serbia

Challenges and how they were overcome
Challenges:
Challenges encountered in delivering the project included medical teams from other organizations relocating their medical teams suddenly and/or ending medical protection due to lack of funding. This led to the situation in which not all government run refugee centers had medical protection at all times. Also, one of the challenges was sudden increase in numbers that occasionally happened during the project cycle that led to shifts that are not covered.
How they were overcome:
The challenges were successfully overcome by preparation and coordination with all relevant stakeholders to make sure that number of medical teams is adequate and covers all centers where medical services are needed. Deployment of medical teams was closely coordinated with IOM, Ministry of Health and Serbian Commissariat for Refugees and Migration.

In order to facilitate exchange of information and coordination the Steering Committee was meeting regularly to monitor the migration flows and address any possible problems in implementation. The SC consisted of the following representatives: IOM, The EU Delegation, CRS and relevant government institutions.

Results of the Good Practice

As a result of the project health service provision to refugees based on principles of non-stigmatization and non-discrimination was ensured.

In addition to health services CRS also facilitated communication between refugees and medical personnel through interpreters/cultural mediators. This was especially important for vulnerable patients as well as refugees with chronic conditions who did not have any kind of medical documentation with them

When it comes to benefits for the host community CRS provided medical care to refugees by engaging unemployed, licensed local doctors and nurses through local Health Centres in each town where the project was being implemented.

Next steps

The project lasted from 01 March 2017 to 15 December 2019. After December 2019 provision of health care to migrant/refugees accommodated in Serbia is handed over fully to the competent Serbian Ministry of Health. Hand over activities and meetings were held to ensure smooth and uninterrupted service provision.

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Managing the migration/refugee crisis-Balkan route through provision of health care | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Andrijana Vojnovic, Project Officer, Catholic Relief Services (CRS) Country Republic of Serbia and North Macedonia Duration The project began 1st March 2017. The project will be completed on 15th December 2019. The government will take over provision of health services upon the project completion.

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USAID’s Resilience and Educate white paper describes how to conceive and plan for continuous access to safe, equality, equitable education, education systems in times of adversity.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by:
U.S. Agency for International Development (donor)

Email: Anjuli Shivshanker, Senior Research Advisor, Education in Conflict and Crisis - [email protected]
Website: eccnetwork.net/ Implemented by
The project in brief
Country
U.S. Agency for International Development (donor)
Duration
Global
Description
2018 - ongoing
Resources used
USAID's Resilience and Educate white paper describes how to conceive and plan for continuous access to safe, equality, equitable education, education systems in times of adversity.

Recurring and protracted humanitarian emergencies have high human and financial costs. They also undermine development gains. Recurring humanitarian investments prompted USAID to consider what technical approaches could be used to reduce the cost of recurring or protracted emergencies to people's lives and livelihoods and better protect or support development investments. This resulted in the technical area of resilience programming at USAID.

Main activities of the Good Practice

The Education and Resilience white paper provides the business case for resilience and presents a conceptual framework for understanding how resilience operates through and within the education sector and program interventions. The annexes provide concrete tools for identifying the impacts of shocks and stresses on the education system, identifying potential resilience capacities at all levels, and designing interventions purposefully with a resilience lens.

Partners

Dr. Ritesh Shah from the University of Auckland

Results of the Good Practice

Resilient education systems look to provide equitable, safe, quality education for host communities and refugees alike, improving the likelihood of integration.

Next steps

USAID has selected resilience focus countries, many of which host or produce refugees, including Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Niger, Mali, DRC, South Sudan, and Somalia. These USAID missions will plan programming with a resilience approach beginning in 2019.

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Using Resilience Principles to Transform Education Systems | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: U.S. Agency for International Development (donor) Email: Anjuli Shivshanker, Senior Research Advisor, Education in Conflict and Crisis - [email protected] Website: eccnetwork.net/ Implemented by Country U.S. Agency for International Development (donor) Duration Global Description 2018 - ongoing Resources used USAID's Resilience and Educate white paper describes how to conceive and plan for continuous access to safe, equality, equitable education, education systems in times of adversity.

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ProFuturo’s Digital Education Framework enhances the technological appropriation and pedagogical skills of teachers, while providing children with the necessary competences to face the digital era by focusing on key elements that impact directly on the quality of education.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Concepción Gallego, Global Partnerships Team, ProFuturo
Website: Social: profuturo.education/en/ Country
Introduction to the project
Duration
Lebanon and Malawi
Description
2017-2020

ProFuturo is an education program launched in 2016 by Telefónica Foundation and "La Caixa" Foundation, whose mission is to narrow the education gap in the world by providing quality digital education for children in vulnerable environments in Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia.

ProFuturo's Digital Education Framework enhances the technological appropriation and pedagogical skills of teachers. It provides children with the necessary competences to face the digital era by focusing on key elements that impact directly on the quality of education, such as:

Training, pedagogical and technical support for teachers, school directors and coaches.

A Digital Solution (that works with or without connectivity) that includes technological equipment, adapted to the needs of each school and innovative learning experiences for children that allow for personalized learning within the classroom.

A monitoring and evaluation system.

A community of observation and exchange of knowledge.

ProFuturo has adapted its digital education program to refugee contexts,aligned with the principles of the International Network of Education in Emergencies (INEE), with the goal of contributing, in both formal and non-formal education contexts, to three pillars:
Project aims

Guarantee access to a safe learning space for children. Providing nutrition, materials and other tools that facilitate learning and children well-being.

Improve quality of education through teacher training and digital education, leveraging innovation and technology for teaching and learning.

Strengthen resilience through psycho-social support and community participation to involve the teachers, parents and the whole community.

ProFuturo aims to provide access to quality education to refugee children that will enhance their holistic development and psycho-social well-being and resilience.
Learning Spaces:
Main activities of the Good Practice
Quality education:

Construction of secured school blocks and classrooms

Facilitate equipment for the classroom

Construction and installation of WASH facilities and solar panels/access to electricity.

Resilience:

Teacher training on general pedagogical skills, innovative methodologies and Computer-Based Learning Environment (CBLE) to improve 21st Century Competences.

Pedagogical and technical accompaniment and support.

Distribution of education materials, a Learning Management System (LMS) and digital resources.

Supply of technological equipment.

Monitoring and data analytics.

Community mobilization and awareness

Meetings with parents and teachers

School feeding program

Recreational activities

Individual and family counselling

Distribution of hygiene materials

Partners

Jesuit Refugee Service (JRS)

Kayany Foundation

American University of Beirut

Mensajeros de la Paz

Level of instruction and motivation of teachers and headteachers:
Challenges & how they were overcome:

ProFuturo train teachers, head teachers and leader teachers, through blended methodology, with face-to-face and digital training, to develop both pedagogical and digital skills. The educational community is supported by a group of coaches that periodically visit the schools.

ProFuturo aims to enhance the professional development of teachers. The Foundation has developed a Teacher Competency Framework for Teachers building on existing competency frameworks such as the UNESCO ICT Competence Framework for Teachers, ISTE Framework, DigCompOrg, and the UNESCO Global Framework on Digital Literacy Skills.
Poor infrastructure:
On the other hand, the teachers can lose their motivation if they face technical and use experience incidences. That why ProFuturo's accompaniment is key to make the inclusion of digital education in the classroom a success. The school´s head teachers need to be commited to the program and to the use of innovative methodology to improve the quality of the education given to the children.

- Access to connectivity: ProFuturo provides an offline solution but it needs connectivity to upload the initial activities for the children and download new contents and new releases of the platform.

- Security: Keeping the equipment safe.
Local curricula and local languages:
- Access to electricity: ProFuturo´s equipment is autonomous during the school day but it needs to be charged during the night.

ProFuturo wants to adapt its solution to the local context and promote local content and mother tongue-based multilingual education. Its platform allows the teachers to upload their own activities and share them with the children in the classroom. ProFuturo wants to partner with local stakeholders to complete the offer with local digital resources.

Results of the Good Practice

During 2019, ProFuturo reached:

297 Syrian children at the non-formal education center in the Bourj Hammoud neighborhood (Beirut), run by the Jesuit Refugee Service

1,432 children at 13 learning centers supervised by the Kayany Foundation and the American University of Beirut in the Bekaa Valley. In 2020, the project will benefit 4 new schools in Bekaa Valley

In Malawi, at the Dzaleka Refugee Camp, 1,844 students benefitted from the program (in partnership with the Jesuit Refugee Service).

In Jordan, the project will benefit 149 Iraqi refugees in non-formal education settings. This project will start in the first quarter of 2020 (in partnership with Mensajeros de la Paz).

Next steps

ProFuturo will have its first evaluation results during 2020. The monitoring carried out so far is centered in continuous feedback from the partner organizations to better understand the needs of the specific refugee population.

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EdTech for teaching & learning in refugee settings | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Concepción Gallego, Global Partnerships Team, ProFuturo Website: Social: profuturo.education/en/ Country Duration Lebanon and Malawi Description 2017-2020 ProFuturo is an education program launched in 2016 by Telefónica Foundation and "La Caixa" Foundation, whose mission is to narrow the education gap in the world by providing quality digital education for children in vulnerable environments in Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia.

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Local integration, social cohesion, psycho-social support and refugee self-reliance through music in Korea.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Byung Cheol Lee, Union Representative, Aulim Iklim Social Union

Introduction to the project
Country
South Korea, Incheon, Bupyung-Gu
Duration
3 years (2017 - 2019)
Description
Haulim Choir is made up of resettled refugee children of school age. Due to the fact that they were living in refugee camps prior to arriving in Korea, they experienced some difficulties while adjusting to their new life in Korea. They were also socially isolated and had difficulties making friends at local schools. By participating in the choir, the children learned to heal emotional wounds, absorb social norms and became a part of the local society. The Haulim Choir won an award at the 2019 nationwide celebration of foreign residents hosted by the Ministry of Interior and Safety.

Main activities of the Good Practice

The children meet regularly to practice singing. They also perform in public and participated in competitions.

Partners

Municipal Government

NGO Plan International

Local volunteers

Former and incumbent teacher(s)

Challenges and how they were overcome

There were some challenges in responding to the various needs of the children, in addition to choir related activities. The children and their families were used to being beneficiaries of humanitarian aid and they continued to be dependent on outside support after resettlement. Empowering refugees to become more independent and encouraging self-reliance continues to be a challenge. For small NGOs with limited staffing, case management is a significant challenge.

Results of the Good Practice

Self-esteem increase: Initially, the children spoke limited Korean and had difficulty understanding the meaning of the songs that they learned. They were also poor at reading sheet music. However, over time they became more and more proficient.

Peer engagement increase: Even though verbal communication was limited due to the fact that they had limited grasp of Korean language, the children started engaging with their peers more and got more involved in various programmes.

Social awareness increase: In the beginning they lacked awareness of social norms, but through group activities and being part of a chorus, they learned social norms directly and indirectly. In particular, the refugees are becoming more aware of the value of the activity as a social contribution as they realize that the purpose of the choir is to deliver hope and peace.

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Haulim Choir: Integrating refugee children | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Byung Cheol Lee, Union Representative, Aulim Iklim Social Union Country South Korea, Incheon, Bupyung-Gu Duration 3 years (2017 - 2019) Description Haulim Choir is made up of resettled refugee children of school age. Due to the fact that they were living in refugee camps prior to arriving in Korea, they experienced some difficulties while adjusting to their new life in Korea.

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RET's digital work project equips refugee youth with the ICT skills to obtain online jobs and lead self-reliant lives.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Lauren Burns, Knowledge Management Manager

Introduction to the project
Country
Dadaab, Kenya
Duration
September 2012 - RET expects to attract the attention of other donors to continue investing on refugee youth sustainable livelihoods and personal development.
Description
RET, through this project, responded to the lack of access to the formal labour market for refugees in the Dadaab. The Digital Work Programme enables youth to acquire ICT skills and offered support to launch their careers online.
Project aims
RET's overall goal was to increase self-reliance of refugee families by building the capacities of youth with relevant professional training and digital work opportunities. The objective of RET's Digital Work Project was to empower youth, providing them with the ICT skills to successfully enter the digital workforce to improve their livelihoods and self-reliance.
Resources used

US Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration funding.

UNHCR Generators, Computers.

Connecting and making an agreement with local and international impact sourcing companies to link youth with possible digital work opportunities outside the camps.

Increasing reach and decreasing cost of telecommunications.

Partners

UNHCR

Appen, an Australian online company

Cloud Factory

Daproim Africa

Digital Divide Data (DDD)

Samasource

2 Kenyen Internet Providers

Challenges and how they were overcome

When RET started the Digital Work Programme in Dadaab, there was no existing infrastructure to provide refugee youth a virtual job training programme as it had never been done before.

Moreover, youth in Dadaab were unfamiliar with digital work, therefore, it was difficult for them to conceptualize how they would earn a living and be paid by someone they had never met.

The digital work industry is competitive. There are simply more youth entering the digital workforce each year than the number of new digital jobs created. And many of these youth have computers, reliable electricity, and internet access.

Legal permission to work was also a challenge. Kenyan laws, requiring non-Kenyan workers to have work permits, sometimes hindered refugees' access to digital work with local companies.

These challenges were overcome by:

Establishing Infrastructure: RET constructed Digital Centres, equipping them with desktop computers donated by UNHCR. Computers used N-Computing technology permitting three participants to share resources of one computer. RET procured internet and back up internet, outfitting Centres with reliable, consistent connectivity. UNCHR generators provided Centres' power.

Ensuring the most vulnerable youth, with household/working responsibilities also benefited from the programme/job opportunities. RET provided internet modems, enabling them to learn/work from home.

Increasing Employability: RET ensured trainings equipped participants with the requisite knowledge and expertise to enter a competitive market. RET continued partnering with academies and companies, adding additional online trainings grounded in the work they would be expected to perform.

Knowing impact sourcing provides employment to disadvantaged individuals RET worked with several local and international impact sourcing companies to link youth to digital work opportunities and bypass the work permit requirement.

RET introduced a laptop support initiative to incentive participants to purchase personal laptops. Working youth could contribute 50% towards the purchase of their laptop. The initiative helped increased employability, reduce dependency, and encourage a responsibility towards their own life project.

Raising Awareness: RET worked with participants that had acquired digital jobs and were generating income to encourage youth, sceptical of the industry, to participate in RET's programme. Gradually participation and the numbers of youth obtaining employment increased.

Results of the Good Practice

Youth obtained online jobs, opened businesses, and installed solar systems providing power to the wider community.

41% of participants secured online jobs, earning an average of KES 10,900/month with some earning up to KES 60,000/month. With 86% of income earned spent on supporting family needs, livelihoods were improving and families were becoming self-reliant.

Youth attended universities, possible with proceeds from digital-work

Youth formed digital working groups to train peers, expanding the benefits of the program.

RET`s program proved to the refugee community they could shape their destiny and determine the lifestyle they, their family, and community would want to live.

How the project meets the GCR objectives
Many refugees do not have access to safe and legal employment, yet self-reliant refugees are better positioned to care for themselves and their families. At the time, the encampment policy rendered 85% of the refugee population in Dadaab with no access to the formal labor market. Additionally, refugees needed a work permits but the process was long and tedious, also hindering opportunities to acquire livelihoods. Consequently, a sense of hopelessness resided in camps, leaving youth vulnerable to dangerous activities, exploitation, and abuse.

RET's Digital Work Programme was in direct response to the reality that refugee youth were hopeless and idle but were tech-savvy. RET's Digital Work Programme presented refugee youth an opportunity to acquire the critical ICT skills necessary to successfully enter the digital workforce and obtain digital jobs in the global economy. Digital work can be accessed and performed from almost anywhere in the world, therefore offering youth the opportunity to earn a livelihood while in the camp, sidestepping the barriers of work permits and restrictions on movement. Digital work is open to individuals irrespective of nationality or social status therefore offering a great option for both male and female youth to obtain safe, stable livelihood. RET's programme empowered refugee youth and the community by helping open the door to opportunities to improve their livelihood and self-reliance. Ultimately easing the pressure of the host community

The programme engaged female and male refugee youth that possessed a secondary education and some level of computer training and equipped them with the knowledge and expertise to successfully enter the competitive digital market. RET carefully selected trainings to develop both critical technical and professional skills. RET partnered with academies and digital companies, enabling participants to access virtual campuses and trainings focused around the work they may be expected to perform.

The programme commitment to the welfare of young people called for extra effort to connect participants to employment opportunities. The programme helped participants identify appropriate employment sites based on interests and expertise. RET established business groups, creating a foundation for mentoring participants on sources of employment, business ideas, and on saving and taking loans. RET made agreements with local and international impact sourcing companies linking their participants to possible digital work opportunities.

Many participants secured work but lacked the infrastructure and internet to do their jobs. RET constructed and equipped a Digital Business Centre enabling them to perform their work. Youth earned between 200 and 1,000 USD a month. Payments via Skrill transferred to Mpesa, a mobile phone-based money transfer system, made accessing money directly from the camp possible. Eventually, RET introduced a laptop support initiative to working youth, incentivizing them to purchase a personal laptop to reduce their reliance on RET's support and pursue their own life project.

RET's Digital Work Programme presents an excellent opportunity for interventions that resonate with the current generation to build realistic livelihoods and be both sustainable and scalable.
Next steps
Project ended due to lack of funding. Donor's priorities no longer include youth livelihoods. Changes in Kenyan policies regarding encampment, closures of some camps, and transferring refugees also disturbed plans to continue the programme.

RET developed methodology, lessons learned, and the systematisation of this successful approach to replicate the programme in similar contexts (crisis/fragile contexts) as soon as funding becomes available.

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RET's Digital Work Livelihood Programme for Refugee Youth | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Lauren Burns, Knowledge Management Manager Country Dadaab, Kenya Duration September 2012 - RET expects to attract the attention of other donors to continue investing on refugee youth sustainable livelihoods and personal development. Description RET, through this project, responded to the lack of access to the formal labour market for refugees in the Dadaab.

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Luminus Education: Provision of high quality, internationally certified vocational and technical education for vulnerable youth and refugees through donor-funded scholarships and guaranteed employment.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Ibrahim Al Safadi, Founder and CEO,Luminus Education
Website: luminuseducation.com VIDEO: Luminus Education.
Social: Luminus Technical University College
Country
Introduction to the project

Current: Jordan
Duration
Growth plans (near future): MENA region

2016 - Ongoing
Description
The project started in 2016, the same time when our collaboration with donors began, and it is ongoing.
Project aims
Provision of high quality, internationally certified vocational & technical education for vulnerable youth and refugees through donor-funded scholarships and guaranteed employment.

* Provide demand driven, world-class, internationally- certified education leading to sustainable jobs

* Address the mismatch between educational outcomes and labour market needs

* Improve livelihoods of the youth
Resources used
* Stimulate economic growth

After the Syrian crisis, the Jordan Response Plan that resulted from the London Conference in 2016 enabled Luminus Education to work with the Government of Jordan and International Donor community to provide funded scholarships to Syrian refugees and vulnerable Jordanians. The agreement to open designated sectors so Refugees could access legal employment allowed Luminus to link training directly to employment opportunities.

Partners

European Union

USAID

UNICEF

UNESCO

AFD

GIZ

Abdulla Al Ghurair Foundation for Education

The Jordan National Employment-Technical and Vocational Education and Training (E-TVET) Fund

Jordan Ministry of Labour

International Education partners: SAE International, Pearson, Hagga Helia University, and Code Fellows.

Others

Challenges:
Challenges and how they were overcome

* Persuading the Government and INGOs to work directly with a Private Sector organisation.

* Changing the perception of the youth towards technical and vocational education.

* Raising funding to cover the cost of practical TVET programmes which require time to develop sufficient competence to work safely and effectively.

* Recruitment and employment of Syrian refugees.
How they were overcome:
* Building internal capacity quickly enough to meet demand.

* Working on an outcomes based, payment by results model with agreed KPIs.

* Awareness campaigns.

* High quality facilities that simulate best practice workplaces.

* Demand driven programmes validated by or developed with employers.

* Networking and lobbying efforts to raise funding.

* High level discussions with the government of Jordan to change polices concerning the education and employment of refugees.

Results of the Good Practice
How the project meets the GCR Objectives

By securing, to date, scholarships for 10,500 vulnerable youth, including over 5500 refugees to high quality education that leads to job placement, which translates into improved livelihood.

Graduating employable youth, ready for the job market, which in turn could reduce the unemployment rate and stimulating growth. In 2018/2019 employment for 2000 was directly facilitated.

Objective 1: Ease the pressures on host countries

Scholarships have been secured for both Refugee and vulnerable Jordanians so that Host communities also receive support to improve livelihood opportunities. Classes usually have a mix of nationalities and this has promoted understanding of the other's situation, broken down stereotypes and aided social cohesion.

Objective 2: Enhance refugee self-reliance

The majority of the scholarship opportunities are linked to employment opportunities which are facilitated by LTUC. Self-reliance is also enhanced through a number of delivery aspects e.g. Stipends are distributed monthly via smart cash cards; blended learning is included to promote self-directed learning. A study skills module helps students learn how to study.

Objective 3: Expand access to third-country solutions

Many of the scholarships are internationally accredited through Pearson who have formal recognition in over 50 countries and link qualifications to most national qualifications frameworks through the UK National Qualifications Framework and the EU Qualifications Framework. This facilitates benchmarking qualifications and ensures the standards achieved are recognised by Employers and by Governments in formal visa application processes.

Objective 4: Support conditions in countries of origin for return in safety and dignity

Qualifications delivered are recognised in Syria so refugees will be able to demonstrate achievement and gain recognition if and/or when then choose to return to Syria.

Next steps

Luminus is now serving more than 10,000 students/year in a range of market driven programs that lead to employment; with the percentage of graduates employed achieving 100% in some programs.

The plan is to improve the livelihood opportunities of 100,000 students/year by 2030 by extending the range of programs to address gaps in the market, opening new campuses across the MENA region and introducing a flexible learning option.

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Luminus Education: education for the employment of vulnerable youth | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Ibrahim Al Safadi, Founder and CEO,Luminus Education Website: luminuseducation.com VIDEO: Luminus Education. Social: Luminus Technical University College Country Current: Jordan Duration Growth plans (near future): MENA region 2016 - Ongoing Description The project started in 2016, the same time when our collaboration with donors began, and it is ongoing.

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Enabling flexible implementation and financing in crises, focused on the most vulnerable populations to adapt to violent conflict, natural disasters or pandemics.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by
Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung (BMZ) / Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, Germany
Countries
In 2019, BMZ focusses its TDA on the following countries: Chad, Democratic Republic of Congo, Iraq, Lebanon, Mali, Myanmar, Nigeria, Occupied Palestinian Territories, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan and Syria.
Duration
Early 2000s - ongoing
Description
TDA is an instrument, and a budget line, that enables flexible implementation and financing in crises. Focused on the most vulnerable populations, it strengthens the resilience of individuals and institutions, e.g. their capacity to withstand and adapt to crises such as violent conflict, natural disasters or pandemics. Guided by the principle of promoting self-help capacities, TDA uses local potential to stabilise and improve the livelihoods of the most vulnerable populations in the long term.
Project aims
TDA aims to pave the way for long-term development by employing a people-centred multi-sectoral approach, including the following four areas: food security and nutrition; the reconstruction and rehabilitation of basic infrastructure; disaster risk management; and strengthening social cohesion and peace e.g. in communities hosting large numbers of refugees or displaced people. TDA makes an important contribution to linking humanitarian assistance, development cooperation and peace building according to the HDP-Nexus. The peace pillar, conflict sensitivity as well as adherence to the "do-no-harm" principle, are fundamental to TDA. The promotion of evaluation and learning as well as innovative technologies, approaches and methods is included in all fields of action.
Resources used
TDA interventions, which receive multi-year funding with an average duration of three to four years, do not necessarily require political preliminaries such as general agreements on technical co-operation. TDA is a development-oriented instrument, which enables BMZ to implement projects flexibly according to contexts and needs. It allows for a massively shortened funding process, which only takes four to six weeks. Through TDA, the BMZ designed and consistently developed an instrument to engage in highly fragile and volatile contexts adding expertise and experience of development cooperation at the earliest possible stage. TDA currently has a total volume of approximately 1.2 billion euros per year.

Main activities of the Good Practice

One area of activity under TDA is the strengthening of social cohesion and peace e.g. in communities hosting large numbers of refugees or displaced people. TDA specifically supports refugees in gaining a foothold within their new surroundings, be it in the community, in which they have found refuge, or as returnees in their home region. Preventing conflict over already scarce resources such as drinking water in the communities, in which refugees have settled, is essential to TDA. To avert conflicts from arising or worsening, TDA ensures that all population groups - locals and refugees - benefit from the implemented projects and are involved in e.g. peace committees.

Partners

To implement its Transitional Development Assistance, BMZ works with multi- and bilateral partners such as the UN World Food Programme, UNICEF, GIZ and the German Development Bank KfW as well as several German NGOs and the Red Cross.

Challenges and how they were overcome

The main objective of TDA is to strengthen resilience. Applied around the project cycle, eight factors assist project staff to tackle a variety of challenges and to better operationalize the resilience-building approach:

1) Introduce a coherent analysis package: complement existing livelihood system analysis to understand the interlinkages between different kinds of risks, vulnerabilities, existing and needed resilience capacities.

2) Apply a bottom-up process throughout the project cycle: generate inclusive ownership and trust in new and innovative strategies for managing risk and change.

3) Break down operational silos and utilize synergies: link different actors under joint initiatives including a common longer-term vision (or theory of change) for managing a complex risk landscape.

4) Reinforce linkages between different society layers: shocks, stressors, risk and change impact each layer of society differently. A resilience approach seeks to analyse and act at multiple layers for better impact.

5) Use a political economy approach to inform project actions: analyse formal / informal power structures to understand how people could use adaptive and transformative capacities to unblock structural causes of vulnerability.

6) Support a long-term vision behind the project: connect projects to a long-term country strategy to build trust and ownership of communities and authorities to use new strategies to better manage a range of risks and changes.

7) Design a step-by-step threshold approach with beneficiaries: use a series of thresholds to be reached by people to progressively and verifiably build resilience over time.

8) Learning, innovation and flexibility: facilitate the exchange of practices, learning and technology between indigenous and external sources across public, private and civil society actors.

Results of the Good Practice

Since 2018, BMZ-funded TDA-projects contributed to resilience strengthening of at least 14.6 million beneficiaries. TDA lays special focus on the most vulnerable, such as children and youth.

Therefore, since 2018 TDA provided at least 9.9 million children and youth with access to quality education and skills development in contexts of fragility and crisis. Furthermore, TDA reached at least 7.8 million people with food security and nutrition measures and implemented context-adapted WASH-measures for at least 8.8 million people. TDA puts a special focus on the MENA-region, Africa and Eastern Europe (Ukraine). In Iraq and Syria, German TDA addresses at least 5 million people to provide vocational training, improve access to quality education and enhance food security.

From the TDA budget line, Germany supports the Education Cannot Wait (ECW) Fund for education in emergencies since 2017 with 41 million USD. Education Cannot Wait (ECW) was launched as the new global fund for education in emergencies at the 2016 World Humanitarian Summit. From more than 1.4 million children reached by ECW, nearly half were displaced children (refugees or IDPs).

ECW's core principles align with the Grand Bargain commitments - in particular on joint programming and bridging the humanitarian and development divide, increasing accountability, and localisation. The global financing gap is 8.5 billion USD per year to provide education support for the 75 million children affected by crises. Against this backdrop, ECW aims to:

1. Increase political support to education in crises

2. Increase financing for education in crises

3. Improve joint planning and responses (uniting humanitarian and development efforts)

4. Strengthen capacity to respond to crises (individual and institutional capacity and improving delivery systems)

5. Improve accountability

Lebanon: UN World Food Programme (WFP) - "Working sensibly in conflict and migration settings "

Over a million Syrians have fled to Lebanon. No state has accepted more refugees in proportion to its population size. This has led to immense challenges for the country. Through the WFP, BMZ supports both Syrian refugees and Lebanese families in need. For instance, so far more than 8,000 men and women have repaired roads, irrigation canals and fields and have worked to reforest woodland together. For their work, they have received transfers to electronic voucher cards, which they use to purchase food for themselves and their families. This strengthens the local economy and contributes to a more dignified and self-determined life, as families can buy exactly what they need most. In addition, Lebanese and Syrian women and men can take part in short-term training courses e.g. computer courses to help them re-enter the labor market. Working and learning together promotes exchange and mutual understanding between the Lebanese and Syrian populations.

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Strengthening resilience in crises through Transitional Development Assistance (TDA) | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung (BMZ) / Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, Germany Countries In 2019, BMZ focusses its TDA on the following countries: Chad, Democratic Republic of Congo, Iraq, Lebanon, Mali, Myanmar, Nigeria, Occupied Palestinian Territories, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan and Syria.

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“Honing Skills in Hospitality” programme. Hiring asylum-seekers and refugees at the Hongkong and Shanghai Hotels head office and The Repulse Bay in Hong Kong.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Helen Lock, Senior Corporate Responsibility Coordinator, The Hongkong and Shanghai Hotels, Limited

Introduction to the project
Country
Hong Kong SAR
Duration
2018 - Ongoing
Description
Hiring asylum-seekers and refugees at the Hongkong and Shanghai Hotels head office and The Repulse Bay in Hong Kong.
Project aims

1. Provide job opportunities to a vulnerable group in the HK community

2. Provide training and mentorship to refugees to develop the job and life skills to enhance their future

3. Tap into an alternative labour market (due to the shrinking talent pool in HK)

Resources used

Support/buy-in and openness of the Group Human Resources team and the CEO

Partnership with relevant NGOs and law firms

Partners

Christian Action Refugee Centre

R.U.N. Hong Kong

Daly & Associates Law Firm

UNHCR (HK)

Clifford Chance

Challenges and how they were overcome
Challenges

1. Lack of clarity and understanding of obtaining permission to work from the HK govt

2. Misperceptions and information on a refugee's ability to work in HK

3. Even with some job training provided to refugees, they may still face challenges at work due to psychological trauma/lack of understanding of the work culture in HK

4. Banks are not able to open bank accounts due to the lack of understanding of refugee papers and status (no Hong Kong ID card, but substantiated claim letters or refugee certificates)

How they were overcome

1. Hired a human rights law firm to guide and advise us on obtaining the permission to work. Learning sessions were arranged with the relevant HR teams to explain the process and how to overcome challenges. We then documented the process and developed guidance that can be easily shared with anyone wanting to hire a refugee in HK

2. Reached out the HSBC bank to discuss ways to allow for refugees to open their bank accounts in HK

3. With the NGOs, arranged life coaching and counselling to refugees as the need arose to help them deal with any difficulties in life and work

4. Assigned a work mentor to help navigate the work environment

Results of the Good Practice

Hired 2 refugees in Hong Kong with one refugee completing their work period with us. We will continue to hire should relevant vacancies arise

Arranged "mock job fair" with other companies in HK to help build confidence with refugees in job hunting skills, as well as a platform for companies to meet refugees and encourage them to hire refugees where possible

How the project meets the GCR Objectives
Objective 1: Ease the pressures on host countries

Contribute to burden and responsibility sharing: Companies nowadays pay more and more attention to corporate social responsibility (CSR). Other than seeking profits, more focus has been placed on how the company can share the burden of the society. Hiring refugees can help relieving the financial burden of local government and NGOs as refugees will then rely less on social assistance.

Have the potential to be adapted, replicated, and/or broadened in scale: Associating the HSH/Peninsula brand with refugees could encourage private sector actors from all over the world to hire refugees. Best practice developed can be shared and adapted to suit local contexts elsewhere.

Objective 2: Enhance refugee self-reliance

Respond to the needs of refugees and host communities, yielding sustained and positive benefits for them: Refugees no longer need to rely solely on the social assistance provided by the local government and NGOs, instead they can make a living by themselves. This generally will improve their livelihoods as the social assistance provided is barely enough for them. It is also good for their mental health and it prepares them for the future, wherever that may be.

Be developed in partnership with other stakeholders, including refugees and host populations: The employment in a way is a partnership with the refugees. Refugees can blend in the local community more by interacting with the customers and their colleagues from host country. They will learn more about the local culture. At the same time, our company's staff could learn more about refugees so as to develop a more comprehensive world view.

Next steps

1. Share experiences with other companies in relation to refugee hiring, including sharing our hiring process guidelines, orientation and work mentoring

2. Expand this programme in our other operations globally, where this is permitted

3. Expand to hiring high school-aged interns from refugee backgrounds as part of our secondary school summer internship programme

4. Identify other partners that can help with counselling and providing mental and emotional support for refugees

5. Arrange learning sessions on the refugee situation with colleagues to develop empathy and understanding for refugees' situation in HK

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"Honing Skills in Hospitality" programme: hiring refugees in Hong Kong | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Helen Lock, Senior Corporate Responsibility Coordinator, The Hongkong and Shanghai Hotels, Limited Country Hong Kong SAR Duration 2018 - Ongoing Description Hiring asylum-seekers and refugees at the Hongkong and Shanghai Hotels head office and The Repulse Bay in Hong Kong.

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UNDP and UNHCR are working to strengthen peace and build stability by supporting integration in areas that host refugees and IDPs in the Far North of Cameroon. This includes the improvement of overall living conditions, the promotion of social cohesion and conflict resolutions mechanisms, and the provision of livelihood support.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by
United Nations Development Program UNDP and United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR - Cameroon
Country
Cameroon
Duration
March 2018 - March 2019
Description
The Boko Haram insurgency has impacted Cameroon, with around 116,000 Nigerian refugees and over 321,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs) in the north of the country. They lack access to health, education and water, and livelihood activities are limited. The large number of people creates tension with the host community.

UNDP and UNHCR are working to strengthen peace, with a strong focus on social cohesion, aid kits and shelter, youth job creation, two mediation structures and the involvement of young people in peacebuilding.
Project aims
Strengthen peace and build stability by supporting integration in areas that host refugees and IDPs. This includes the improvement of overall living conditions, the promotion of social cohesion and conflict resolutions mechanisms, and the provision of livelihood support.
Resources used
A strong technical expertise of the Japanese government was utilized for the livelihood component.

The project is part of Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP) 2018 and also contributes to Regional Refugee Response Plan (RRRP Nigeria).

Main activities of the Good Practice

UNDP and UNHCR conducted joint monitoring missions to assure coherent approaches. While UNHCR offered humanitarian assistance and respond to immediate needs, UNDP supported communities through sustainable activities.

Activities included: cash for work activities, distribution of humanitarian kits, shelter construction and community mediation. UNDP has also established water point management committees, some of whom are out-of-camp refugees and IDPs are members.

Partners

Local CSO (Public Concern)

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)

Results of the Good Practice

255 young people have benefited from job opportunities such as dressmaking, small scaled business animal husbandry, food processing, carpentering, storage and catering.

Two functioning mechanisms for mediation and peacebuilding (traditional chiefdoms and local dispute resolution boards) in two communities.

20 percent of youth in the two communities have participated in dispute resolution, confidence-building and community dialogue activities

1,323 households were settled in the three communities after reception of humanitarian kit

404 shelters were constructed.

"We arrived here after several attacks on our village by the Boko Haram. We cannot thank the community enough for the sacrifices they made for us and the land they've given," said Adjida Fauzia, displaced after raids on her village.

"We have grown together. We farmed rice together successfully through a Ministry project. We had a lot of hope for the rice, sorghum and millet, but floods have washed everything away apart from the rice. The UNDP and UNHCR construction of a borehole in the village will help".
How the project meets the GCR Objectives
Objective 1: Ease the pressures on host countries

The development, peacebuilding and humanitarian components benefit host and displaced communities, reducing pressure on both.

Objective 2: Enhance refugee self-reliance

Increased livelihood opportunities for displaced populations increase self-reliance.

Next steps&

The collaboration and coordination will continue with information exchange and joint missions, in particular in the field of the Far North region.

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Supporting people in Northern Cameroon displaced by conflict | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by United Nations Development Program UNDP and United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR - Cameroon Country Cameroon Duration March 2018 - March 2019 Description The Boko Haram insurgency has impacted Cameroon, with around 116,000 Nigerian refugees and over 321,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs) in the north of the country.

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Asylum seekers and refugees benefit from the State Universal Healthcare Program. The accessibility of the program guarantees that healthcare assistance is duly provided during the asylum procedure as well as the subsequent qualification for international protection.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Davit Kaikatsishvili - Head of IDPs and Ecomigrants Policy Division of Policy Department, Ministry of IDPs from the occupied territories, labour, health and social affairs of Georgia (MoLHSA)

Social: @MOHgovge

Introduction to the project
Country
Georgia/Eastern Europe
Duration
The project started in 2013.
Description
The project is about including asylum seekers and international protection holders to the State Universal Healthcare Program. The healthcare package provided to them is similar to the one that is offered to Georgian citizens, subject to several exceptions. Minor asylum seekers are offered a more comprehensive package.

Main activities of the Good Practice

The healthcare package provided for asylum seekers and international protection holders covers 19 services, including main emergency needs, such as hospitalization expenditures of stationary and ambulatory treatment.

Partners

Challenges and how they were overcome

In some cases asylum seekers or international protection holders are not aware of the accessible services. In order to overcome this challenge, the information regarding the healthcare programs is simultaneously provided during the Status determination procedure, in Reception center and as per component of awareness raising informational campaigns.

Results of the Good Practice

Asylum seekers and international protection holders benefit from the State Universal Healthcare Program. The accessibility of the program to the asylum seekers guarantees, that healthcare assistance is duly provided during the asylum procedure as well as the subsequent qualification for international protection.

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Access to medical assistance for asylum-seekers | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Davit Kaikatsishvili - Head of IDPs and Ecomigrants Policy Division of Policy Department, Ministry of IDPs from the occupied territories, labour, health and social affairs of Georgia (MoLHSA) Social: @MOHgovge Country Georgia/Eastern Europe Duration The project started in 2013. Description The project is about including asylum seekers and international protection holders to the State Universal Healthcare Program.

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The UNHCR-UNV DAFI Initiative seeks to empower young refugee graduates in West and Central Africa by offering them the opportunity to serve as UN Volunteers.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Contact details

Submitted by: Ms. Ouarda Derafa, Portfolio Specialist, UNV Regional Office for West and Central Africa

Social: Twitter: @UNV_ROWCA

Introduction to the project
Country
West Africa (Senegal, Ghana, Niger and Nigeria)
Duration
Since June 2018
Description
In West and Central Africa, many of the 350 recent DAFI (Albert Einstein German Academic Refugee Initiative) graduates struggled to enter the job market. The UNHCR-UNV DAFI Initiative seeks to expand the success of the DAFI programme by addressing these difficulties and giving DAFI graduates an opportunity to gain professional experience as UN Volunteers, where their unique background and perspectives can contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.

DAFI is a UNHCR programme that plays an integral role in enabling refugees to access higher education in their country of asylum and contribute to their reintegration upon repatriation. Since 1992, the DAFI programme has given scholarships to over 15,500 refugees studying at universities in over 50 countries of asylum.
Project aims
The aim of this initiative is to empower young refugee graduates in West and Central Africa by offering them the opportunity to serve as UN Volunteers.
Resources used
Funding from UNHCR RO in Dakar

Main activities of the Good Practice

A total of 14 selected DAFI graduates were deployed as UN Volunteers in Senegal and Ghana between June 2018 and June 2019, serving with various UN Agencies (IOM, UNCDF, UNDP, UNFPA, UNICEF, UNIDO, UNU-INRA and UN Women). Areas of assignment were project development, inclusive finance, communications and public relations, governance and women's political participation as well as human resources.

Host UN agencies coached, mentored, and empowered UN Volunteers during their assignments. UN Volunteers took part in training (benefiting from the UNV training mechanism) and volunteering activities.

Partners

UNHCR (West Africa Regional Representation)

Challenges and how they were overcome

The integration of refugees into the workforce of UN Agencies is time consuming as all practicalities need to be explained and the necessary clearances need to be obtained from managers, which often led to delays. To address this, UNV is developing an Information Note for hosting UN entity Country Offices, to familiarize them with the Initiative.

Secondly, refugees do not always have access to the internet to register in the UNV Talent pool, but the UNV Field Units help them apply for opportunities.

Results of the Good Practice

The 14 UN Volunteers expressed high satisfaction about their experience. The host UN Agencies praised this innovative initiative as forward-thinking and highly relevant to helping the UN system remain fit-for-purpose.

The leadership skills that DAFI graduates develop through their UN Volunteer assignments turns them from "passive" beneficiaries to active agents of change for the benefit of other refugees, displaced people and host communities, making the UN system more inclusive.

As the pilot is coming to an end by the end of 2019, six UN Volunteers have been retained by their host agencies for a second year as UN Volunteers (now funded by the host agency rather than UNHCR). Some of these UN Volunteers are now being given UN staff contracts, as was the case with one female UN Volunteer with IOM.

One of the main benefits of the UNHCR-UNV DAFI Initiative is that it reduces the economic and psychological dependence of educated refugees, improves their self-reliance and livelihood and offers them long-term solutions.

The Initiative was expanded from Senegal and Ghana to Niger and Nigeria, with a total of 22 DAFI graduates currently serving as UN Volunteers in these four countries.

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Promoting refugees' empowerment and livelihood through volunteerism | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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A project empowering young refugee graduates in West and Central Africa. The UNHCR-UNV DAFI Initiative seeks to expand the success of the DAFI programme by addressing these difficulties and giving DAFI graduates an opportunity to gain professional experience as UN Volunteers, where their unique background and perspectives can contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.

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Canada’s Private Sponsorship Model Represents a Complementary Pathway for Refugee Resettlement

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Canada is well known for its commitment to refugee resettlement. In 2018 and 2019, as the United States pulled back from its historic leading position, Canada resettled more refugees than any other country. Since the late 1970s, more than 770,000 refugees have been resettled to Canada. In contrast, the United States, with a population nearly nine times greater, has resettled about 3.5 million refugees since 1975.

The Canadian government has relied heavily on private and nonprofit groups for much of this resettlement. In fact, since 2013 more refugees have arrived in Canada via private sponsorship than through government support. In 2019, just one-third of refugees resettled in Canada received government assistance upon arrival; the rest entered through private or community sponsorship.

Canada has the world's longest-standing private sponsorship program and, in part due to its success, other governments and agencies including the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) have come to see this as a promising model to increase refugee resettlement. In recent years, countries including Argentina, Australia, France, Germany, New Zealand, and Spain have undertaken or committed to similar programs. These initiatives take a variety of forms, but the central ingredient is that some degree of responsibility for refugees-particularly as it pertains to helping them settle into their new society-is transferred from the government to private citizens and civil-society groups.

At present, Canada has three programs for refugee resettlement: the Government Assisted Refugee (GAR) program, the Private Sponsorship of Refugees (PSR) program, and the Blended Visa-Office Referred (BVOR) program (see Table 1). In the PSR and BVOR programs, small groups of Canadians are involved in sponsoring refugees for resettlement. Through these sponsorship programs, which were established in 1976 and 2013, respectively, more than 368,000 refugee sponsorships have been facilitated, comprising about 48 percent of all refugees resettled to Canada since the late 1970s.
Table 1. Refugee Resettlement Programs in Canada
Note: For all three programs, each refugee's application must be approved by Canadian government officials who ensure the applicant meets legal requirements.
Source: Author's compilation.

Sponsorship groups must be able to financially provide for refugees and are either limited in how many sponsorships they can submit each year or can only sponsor individuals with proof of refugee status. Some organizations have criticized these restrictions for excluding some forcibly displaced people from eligibility.

This article introduces Canada's resettlement system, with a focus on private sponsorship. It begins with a brief overview of refugee resettlement to Canada, describes how refugees are sponsored for resettlement, and concludes with a brief examination of the different integration outcomes of refugees resettled via government and private programs.
A Brief History of Refugee Resettlement in Canada
Canada's current refugee resettlement system is rooted in the country's 1976 Immigration Act. While there were some specific initiatives to assist refugees before this time, the law created distinct legal pathways for refugee resettlement. Soon after, in 1979-80, Canadians responded to assist Southeast Asian refugees, resettling more than 60,000. The government encouraged community sponsorship and volunteers eagerly became involved in local initiatives. During this period, 57 percent of Southeast Asian refugees were sponsored by private groups or relatives, and 43 percent were assisted by the government.

At first, most privately sponsored refugees were unknown to the groups assisting them. However, once new families arrived, they asked organizations to also sponsor their relatives and friends. Thus began the principle of "naming," in which sponsor groups identify individual refugees they hope to assist. Initially, sponsorship groups were usually affiliated with Catholic, Jewish, or Protestant denominational offices or organizations. Over time, an increasingly diverse group of organizations has become involved.

Implementation of the 1976 law created two refugee resettlement programs: the PSR program in which groups can name the refugees they want to support, and the GAR program in which UNHCR or a similar organization identifies who will be resettled and the Canadian government provides post-arrival assistance. The different sources of support indicate who is responsible for assisting refugees during their first 12 months in Canada; after the initial year, any continued social assistance comes from the provincial government. The federal government's Interim Federal Health Program covers health-care expenses of all resettled refugees until they become eligible for provincial health-care programs.

Since 2013, a third program has been available-the BVOR program-in which private groups sponsor refugees proposed for resettlement by UNHCR. Unlike the PSR naming principle, through this blended pathway UNHCR proposes which refugees need assistance and, once they are vetted by visa offices overseas, groups in Canada select whom they will assist from a bank of profiles. This program builds on pilot projects in the 1990s and 2000s that combined aspects of the GAR and PSR programs, and is like the initial PSR program before the naming principle became common. Although the blended program was relatively popular when the country raced to resettle 25,000 Syrian refugees in 2016, when it was used to resettle nearly 10 percent of refugees, the government has struggled recently to find willing sponsors for refugees they do not know.

The number of refugees resettled in Canada has varied over time as the government annually adjusts its target number of arrivals for each of the three resettlement programs (see Figure 1). Interest in submitting sponsor applications has also fluctuated.
Figure 1. Number of Refugees Resettled in Canada by Resettlement Program, 1979-2019
Note: The Blended Visa Office-Referred Refugees program was created in 2013.
Sources: Data for 1979 from Barbara Treviranus and Michael Casasola, "Canada's Private Sponsorship of Refugees Program: A Practitioners Perspective of Its Past and Future," Journal of International Migration and Integration 4, no. 2 (2003): 177-202; data for 1980-2014 from Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada (IRCC), "Canada - Admissions of Permanent Residents by Immigration Category, 1980 - Q2 2016," last updated December 1, 2016, available online; data for 2015-19 from IRCC, 2020 Annual Report to Parliament on Immigration (Ottawa: IRCC), available online.

At times, private sponsorship has far outstripped government resettlement. For instance, in 1991 four times as many refugees were resettled in Canada through private sponsorship than through the government channel. In 2019, more than 19,100 refugees were resettled via the PSR program-nearly as twice as many as the approximately 10,000 refugees resettled by the government.
Figure 2. Process for Resettlement of Refugees to Canada
Source: Author's compilation based on current immigration law and policy.

Canadian law has relatively few immigration pathways for adult relatives-for example, there is no program to sponsor adult siblings-so Canadians with family members in refugee situations often use refugee sponsorship rather than a family reunification pathway to reunite with their extended family.
Legal Requirements for Sponsorship and Resettlement
Canada's immigration laws define who can be sponsored or selected for resettlement; there is no process by which individuals can seek asylum at consulates or embassies overseas. In the government-assisted and blended programs, refugees are referred by a recognized organization, which typically is UNHCR. In the private sponsorship program, groups decide whom they want to sponsor and apply to a government office in Canada, which ensures they meet the requirements for sponsorship, including the group's financial capacity to support the refugee and whether it has reached its cap for sponsorships or the refugee been through a status determination process. If approved, the file is then sent to an overseas visa office for processing, which includes health and security checks of the refugee.
Sponsorship Agreement Holders
Eligibility for sponsorship in the PSR program varies depending on who is submitting the sponsorship. In Canada, most refugee sponsorships are submitted by Sponsorship Agreement Holders (SAH), which are organizations with formal agreements with the government for repeat sponsorships. As of mid-2021, there were more than 100 SAHs. Many are affiliated with religious groups, but others are also nonreligious and community-based or focused on supporting certain ethnic groups. These organizations can submit sponsorship applications for anyone they believe will qualify under the PSR program, however the government sets limits on the number of applications individual SAHs can submit each year, based in part on their experience and past performance with resettlement.
The Group of Five or Community Sponsor: Ad-Hoc Sponsorship
It is also possible for small groups of Canadians who want to support specific refugees to do so with what is called a Group of Five sponsorship, which must be submitted by at least five members. Community organizations that are not backed by an SAH also can do so through the Community Sponsor channel. However, these approaches are subject to more stringent requirements. As part of their sponsorship application, they must include proof of a completed Refugee Status Determination (RSD) assessment showing the individual proposed for sponsorship has been recognized as a refugee by another country or UNHCR (see Table 2). There are no limits on the number of applications that can be submitted by groups using these ad hoc programs.
Table 2. Requirements for Private Sponsorship Applications
Note: Refugee Status Determination requirements do not apply in Quebec because the provincial government sets its own rules for sponsorship.
Source: Author's compilation based on current immigration law and policy.

The proportion of applications submitted by Groups of Five or Community Sponsors has changed over time (see Table 3). Before more stringent regulations on these applications were introduced in 2012, more than 40 percent of all refugees admitted in the PSR program were supported by such groups. This number dropped to 10 percent in 2016 but has since increased.
Table 3. Admissions of Privately Sponsored Refugees to Canada by Type of Sponsoring Group, 2010-19
Note: Results are rounded to the nearest five digits and non-zero counts are suppressed. Annual totals may be slightly larger than the sums because the type of sponsorship was not indicated for a small number of cases (fewer than 1 percent).
Source: Data provided to the author by IRCC.
Financial Requirements for Sponsorship
In order to sponsor a refugee, organizations must demonstrate their capacity to provide basic assistance such as accommodation, food, and help to find a job, usually for one year after arrival. To ensure this requirement is met, the government requires specific levels of funds be guaranteed for each sponsorship, depending on the size of the family. In recent years, the government has increased surveillance of sponsorship groups to ensure that requirements are being met.
Refugee Status Determination Requirements
The requirement that ad hoc groups provide proof that an individual has been granted refugee status was implemented in 2012. When introduced, the government argued the determination was needed to counteract low approval rates, large inventories, and long processing times, since many poor-quality applications had been submitted through the PSR program. However, this requirement added a barrier for applicants, as determination of refugee status is not always available.

Canadian sponsors and the organizations that assist them have attested that the availability of RSD documents varies depending on where refugees reside, creating a patchwork approach. For example, one man who regularly sponsored Eritrean refugees through the Group of Five program explained to the author in 2019 that he could not sponsor Eritreans residing in Israel because they could not obtain proof of refugee status from the Israeli government or UNHCR. However, Eritrean refugees in Sudan were able to obtain RSD documents, which made it easy for them to be sponsored. Another regular sponsor said his mosque used the Community Sponsor program to assist refugees with RSD documents in Kenya and Sudan, however it had to work with established SAHs to sponsor Syrians living in Jordan and Lebanon because they could not obtain proof of refugee status.

The Canadian Council for Refugees, an umbrella nongovernmental organization, has urged the government to remove the RSD requirement for Groups of Five and Community Sponsors. In order to meet its target of resettling 25,000 Syrian refugees and facilitate sponsorship among ad hoc groups wanting to support individuals who could not obtain RSD documents, the government temporarily waived the requirement for Syrians and Iraqis from 2015 to 2017. However, most Syrians and Iraqis-among many others-continue to be unable to obtain documentation asserting their refugee status in their countries of first asylum. The government has resisted the call to end the RSD requirement permanently, claiming it is necessary to ensure the system properly assists refugees whom it intends to target.
Caps on New Sponsorships
Since 2012, the Canadian government has capped the number of refugees that SAHs can sponsor each year. The government argued it needed to control the number of new applications because sponsorship groups had submitted more applications than the government planned to process each year, leading to backlogs and longer processing times. The caps were introduced in tandem with the RSD requirement to better match government operational capacity with the number of applications received on an annual basis.

At first, caps were based on specific origin regions, and SAHs were prevented from submitting new applications entirely for individuals from some parts of the world. After 2016, the caps shifted to a global limit on the number of new applications. The sponsorship allocation for 2021 was set at 12,500 refugees, with the allocations divided up among all SAHs.

Although cap space has increased and higher numbers of privately sponsored refugees have arrived in recent years, organizations remain constrained in the number of applications they can submit. Some groups operate on a first-in, first-out procedure, while others randomly select who will be sponsored each year. When SAHs reach their limits, individuals who want to sponsor refugees must use the Group of Five or Community Sponsor programs to submit applications.

Sponsorship caps have been criticized by refugee-rights advocates. In Quebec, significant limits on new sponsorship applications have become a sensitive political issue. Elsewhere, an overall increase in the number of refugees admitted via the PSR program since 2015 has reduced the criticism that followed the caps' introduction. However, limits on the number of applications that SAHs can submit can constrain or delay groups that would like to sponsor refugees.
A Distinct Approach in Quebec
Unlike the rest of the country, where the federal government has jurisdiction, the provincial government of Quebec controls the sponsorship of refugees within its borders. The province's autonomy is rooted in its distinctiveness as the only francophone-majority province in Canada and its increased control over immigration more generally. From 2015 to 2019, 24 percent of all sponsored refugees arriving in Canada went to Quebec.

Quebec has no RSD requirement for submitting applications to sponsor refugees, but the provincial government has frequently closed the program to new submissions, only to open it later with strict limits on the number of submissions that will be received. Financial requirements for sponsoring refugees in Quebec are similar to those elsewhere in Canada.
Integration of Refugees and Global Private Sponsorship Programs
Since refugees who arrive through private sponsorship are often identified by name and usually have a pre-existing tie to their sponsor, they generally adapt more quickly to Canada than those who arrive through the government-assisted pathway. However, the programs target different types of refugees: among the criteria that UNHCR uses for identifying refugees through Canada's GAR and BVOR programs are vulnerability standards for individuals most needing a third-country solution.

In contrast, requirements such as sponsors' ability to provide assistance, RSD for ad hoc sponsorships, and limits on the number of sponsorships for SAHs encourages sponsors to assist refugees who will adapt quickly. Moreover, when they arrive in Canada, privately sponsored refugees are more likely to speak English or French and have more education, which likely contributes to findings that they are quicker to find employment. In addition, they tend to have been displaced for shorter periods of time than refugees resettled via the government path, suggesting less exposure to trauma. Since the sponsoring group must provide for the refugee's financial needs, there is also an incentive to quickly find them employment and economic independence.

More generally, Canada's private sponsorship program has become an important component of UNHCR's strategy to increase durable solutions for refugees through complementary pathways. Community sponsorship is seen as a promising option for countries to assist more refugees and Canada's system is promoted as a model for others by the UNHCR-funded Global Refugee Sponsorship Initiative.

At the same time, there is a strong emphasis among refugee advocates that sponsorship programs complement government-assisted programs for vulnerable refugees identified by UNHCR, not replace them. This is particularly true given Canada's requirements for RSD in ad hoc sponsorships and caps on sponsor organizations that restrict who can be sponsored in this program. As new countries explore private sponsorship or other complementary pathways, they may also consider how such programs are designed, who is included in them, and how to continue promoting pathways that respond to the global call to assist in resettling vulnerable refugees.
Sources
Cameron, Geoffrey. 2021. Send Them Here: Religion, Politics, and Refugee Resettlement in North America. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press.

Canadian Council for Refugees. 2013. Limitations on G-5 Sponsorship. Updated November 2013. Available online.

---. 2017. Private Sponsorship of Refugees in 2017. Updated January 2017. Available online.

Garnier, Adèle and Shauna Labman. 2020. Why Québec's Refugee Sponsorship Suspension Is So Misguided. The Conversation, November 22, 2020. Available online.

Garnier, Adèle, Liliana Lyra Jubilut, and Kristin Bergtora Sandvik. 2018. Refugee Resettlement: Power, Politics, and Humanitarian Governance. New York: Berghahn Books.

---. 2021. Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations (SOR/2002-227). Updated May 19, 2021. Available online.

Global Refugee Sponsorship Initiative (GRSI). N.d. Building Blocks of Community Sponsorship: Guidebook and Planning Tools Based on Canada's Model. Accessed June 8, 2021. Available online.

Hyndman, Jennifer, William Payne, and Shauna Jimenez. 2016. The State of Private Refugee Sponsorship in Canada: Trends, Issues, and Impacts. Policy brief, York University, Centre for Refugee Studies, Toronto, December 2016. Available online.

Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada (IRCC). 2013. Referrals from the UNHCR and Other Authorized Organizations. Updated February 25, 2013. Available online.

---. 2016. Canada - Admissions of Permanent Residents by Immigration Category, 1980 - Q2 2016. Last updated December 1, 2016. Available online.

---. 2020. Assessment of Sponsorship (PSR Program). Updated February 10, 2020. Available online.

---. 2020. Eligible Sponsorship Types. Updated February 10, 2020. Available online.

---. 2020. Receipt and Intake of Application (GAR Program). Updated February 10, 2020. Available online.

---. 2020. Who Decides If a Refugee Can Be Sponsored and Resettled? Updated January 30, 2020. Available online.

---. 2021. Global Cap for Sponsorship Agreement Holders. Updated February 12, 2021. Available online.

---. 2021. Guide 2200 - Groups of Five to Privately Sponsor Refugees. Updated March 1, 2021. Available online.

---. 2021. Guide 2201 - Community Sponsors to Privately Sponsor Refugees. Updated March 1, 2021. Available online.

---. 2021. Guide 5413 - Sponsorship Agreement Holders to Privately Sponsor Refugees. Updated March 1, 2021. Available online.

---. 2021. Sponsorship Agreement Holders: How to Sponsor a Refugee. Updated March 31, 2021. Available online.

---. 2019. Crossing Law's Border: Canada's Refugee Resettlement Program. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.

Labman, Shauna and Jennifer Hyndman. 2019. BVOR Briefing Note. Policy brief, York University, Centre for Refugee Studies, Toronto, May 2019. Available online.

Labman, Shauna and Madison Pearlman. 2018. Blending, Bargaining, and Burden-Sharing: Canada's Resettlement Programs. Journal of International Migration and Integration 19 (2): 439-49.

Lehr, Sabine and Brian Dyck. 2020. 'Naming' Refugees in the Canadian Private Sponsorship of Refugees Program: Diverse Intentions and Consequences. In Strangers to Neighbours: Refugee Sponsorship in Context, eds. Shauna Labman and Geoffrey Cameron. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press.

Molloy, Michael J., Peter Duschinsky, Kurt F. Jensen, and Robert J. Shalka. 2017. Running on Empty: Canada and the Indochinese Refugees, 1975-1980. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press.

Morris, Stéfanie, Patti Tamara Lenard, and Stacey Haugen. 2020. Refugee Sponsorship and Family Reunification. Journal of Refugee Studies: feaa062.

Treviranus, Barbara and Michael Casasola. 2003. Canada's Private Sponsorship of Refugees Program: A Practitioners Perspective of Its Past and Future. Journal of International Migration and Integration/Revue de l'integration et de la migration internationale 4 (2): 177-202.

UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). 2011. UNHCR Resettlement Handbook. Geneva: UNHCR. Available online.

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Canada's Private Sponsorship Model Represents a Complementary Pathway for Refugee Resettlement

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Canada is one of the world's top countries for resettling refugees, relying on individual Canadians and nonprofit groups-not the government-for much of this resettlement. This article examines Canada's unique system of private sponsorship, which has become a model for other countries as they seek to increase capacity for refugee resettlement at a time of record global need.

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Swedish organization Yalla Trappan helps refugee women enter labour market

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By Nannie Sköld | 29.03.2021

When Fatme Ibrahim arrived in Sweden on a November night 28 years ago after having fled from Lebanon, she felt very cold and very alone. She arrived with her husband and their young children - and without any formal work experience. Today, Fatme works at Yalla Trappan, a social enterprise and women's cooperative for social and labour market inclusion, supervising 40 women.

Yalla Trappan was formally established in 2010, after having been run as a temporary project in different forms since 2006. The organization was set up by Christina Merker Siesjö with the aim of creating opportunities for migrant and refugee women to be included in social and professional life in Malmö, Sweden. Building on skills that the women often already have - including cooking, sewing, and cleaning - Yalla Trappan provides a dedicated space and training for these skills to be developed in order for participants to reach a professional standard.

The name Yalla Trappan - where Yalla loosely translates from its original Arabic to an encouraging "come on!", and trappan is Swedish for "staircase" - was suggested by the women themselves. They wanted to communicate the gradual development that the organization provides, coupled with continuous encouragement along the way.

Representing over 20 nationalities, a majority of the women have a refugee background. Over the past years, the employment rate of refugees in Sweden has increased. However, refugee women still have lower employment rates than both foreign-born men and the native-born population.

"Situations like these require proactive and targeted labour market inclusion measures that allow refugee women to develop their self-reliance," says Karolis Zibas, Integration Officer in the Nordic and Baltic countries for UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency.

When Yalla Trappan started, migrant and refugee women with limited formal education or work experience were often overlooked in integration initiatives, explains Christina Merker Siesjö. According to her, many of the women who enter into contact with Yalla Trappan have very low self-esteem, have spent long periods of time on sick leave, and feel excluded from society.

"For many of the women, the tradition is to work in the home. To be able to build on those skills, and in turn develop a professional identity, is a very big step," Christina Merker Siesjö explains.

"We have sometimes been criticized for focusing on work that is traditionally prescribed to women," Christina says, explaining her philosophy as follows: "If a woman has two years of education, it is not reasonable to expect her to become a pilot. You need to build a platform from where the woman is currently standing."

Most women arrive at Yalla Trappan through a referral from the Swedish Public Employment Office. They are then offered a six-month internship in one of Yalla Trappan's three main services - café and catering, the sewing workshop, and cleaning services - and are supported to find employment. During the internship, the women receive Swedish language and job skills training and are supervised by women, such as Fatme, who are experienced in their field of work and who once started in the same position.

As a supervisor, Fatme sees newly arrived women go through the same professional and personal development as she did when she started with the organization ten years ago.

"Before Yalla Trappan, I was at home, feeling bored and depressed," she says.

Through her internship and, later, employment at Yalla Trappan, however, Fatme had the opportunity to use her cooking skills from home to cook at Yalla Trappan's catering service.

"When I work at Yalla Trappan, I feel much happier, and interacting with customers makes me feel like I am part of society," Fatme says. "The women are like a family, and Yalla Trappan has become my second home."

After the six-month internship, the women either move on to employment with Yalla Trappan or with one of their partners or pursue further studies. Approximately 100 women take part in the internships each year.

"Having your own income is essentially a question of freedom. In my opinion, economic independence is fundamental for gender equality," says Christina Merker Siesjö.

The organization's efforts have been recognized both nationally and internationally through several prestigious awards. In February 2021, Yalla Trappan was awarded both the Swedish Equality Award and the European Parliament's European Citizens' Prize.

Yalla Trappan has developed close partnerships with municipalities and other public bodies, as well as with the private sector through companies including IKEA, H&M and Skanska. The organization has also published three books and run workshops to share knowledge and experience with other organizations, municipalities, and the private sector. Inspired by Yalla Trappan, local independent Yalla initiatives have sprung up all across Sweden.

"We are very happy to see that Yalla Trappan is addressing the specific needs and vulnerabilities of refugee women. The organization's approach of developing partnerships with integration authorities creates sustainable solutions for refugee labour market inclusion and provides a great example for Sweden and elsewhere," says Karolis Zibas, Integration Officer with UNHCR's Representation for the Nordic and Baltic Countries.

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Swedish organization Yalla Trappan helps refugee women enter labour market - UNHCR Nordic and Baltic Countries

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When Fatme Ibrahim arrived in Sweden on a November night 28 years ago after having fled from Lebanon, she felt very cold and very alone. She arrived with her husband and their young children - and without any formal work experience. Today, Fatme works at Yalla Trappan, a social enterprise [...]

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German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ): Creating economic and social prospects for refugees who are returning to their home countries, IDPs and the local population.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by:

Dr. Bernhard Braune, Head of Division 224 Return/Reintegration, German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ)

Website:
https://www.startfinder.de/ https://www.bmz.de/en/issues/Sonderinitiative-Fluchtursachen-bekaempfen-Fluechtlinge-reintegrieren/deutsche_politik/perspektive_heimat/index.jsp
Introduction to the project
Location
Germany and 13 partner countries (Afghanistan, Albania, Egypt, Gambia, Ghana, Iraq, Kosovo, Morocco, Nigeria, Pakistan, Senegal, Serbia, Tunisia)
Duration
2017-present
Description
Creating economic and social prospects for refugees who are returning to their home countries, IDPs and the local population.
Project aims
The programme is aimed at all those in need of support:

It addresses a broad target group, including where applicable also refugees, and is open to anyone who needs support of this kind, be it local people seeking employment or training opportunities in their country of origin or internally displaced people (IDPs) and returnees wanting to make a fresh start in their home country.

The programme aims to help returning refugees and IDPs as well as people within host communities develop their professional potential in their country of origin and thus sustainably improve their economic situation. The programme provides short- and medium-term support on an individual basis, and it aims to bring long-term change. When people are able to undergo training, find work or set up a business, they not only improve their own prospects, but they can make a contribution to their country's development.
Resources used
The programme builds on the many existing measures and initiatives carried out and structures set up as part of German development cooperation.

It has been linked up with development projects in thirteen countries. This means that people there continue to have access to long-term measures to improve their living conditions and income opportunities.

Partners

Implementation partners include ministries (e.g. ministries of labor, social affairs or migration) as well as authorities (e.g. employment agencies) in the countries concerned. The programme operates in close collaboration with IOM and establishes a system of cross-referral between different reintegration services.

The programme works with numerous civil society organizations in the countries of origin so that it can offer the various support services that people there need.

© German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development

Main activities of the Good Practice

The programme boasts a broad range of support services that reflects the many different types of target groups it caters for. At advice centres in the partner countries anyone - irrespective of background or personal circumstances - can access free one-on-one guidance to help them map out their way forward. This includes job seekers as well as people who need jobs qualification, psychosocial assistance or to find accommodation after their return in their home country.

To date, advice centres have been set up in Albania, Kosovo, Serbia, Morocco, Tunisia, Senegal, Ghana, Nigeria and Iraq. In Afghanistan, Germany provides such advisory services in collaboration with the International Organization for Migration (IOM).

In addition, the programme has established activities in Germany in order to provide people still living in Germany but interested in returning home with information about the opportunities on offer in their countries of origin.

The programme arranged for reintegration scouts to work with the returnee counselling centres in Germany. The scouts' task is to establish links with reintegration programmes in the countries of origin.

The programme also offers support via a website (www.startfinder.de).

Watch the video: #GIZ supporting Iraqi returnees to build new prospects in their home country

How challenges were overcome

The Advice Centres for jobs, migration and reintegration - as the core of the programme - are set up in close collaboration with national employment agencies and other partners. Their advice and support services are available to all: returnees, internal migrants, the local population and people interested in migrating.

They offer individual advice and information about:

Local job and training opportunities;

Reintegration services for returnees;

(Psycho)social support;

Requirements and options for regular migration (depending on the country);

Risks posed by irregular migration.

Results of the Good Practice

In the countries taking part in the programme, around 460,000 individual support measures (such as counselling sessions, training programmes, job placements and psycho-social support) have been carried out for the benefit of local people, internally displaced persons and returnees.

More than 76,000 of these measures were specifically for returnees from Germany and other countries.

More than 13,000 small and medium-sized businesses received support to help secure existing jobs or create new ones.

By September 2019, the programme helped people to find a job or develop a business more than 133,000 times.

Next steps
More advice centres are being planned.

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Creating opportunities for displaced people returning home | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Dr. Bernhard Braune, Head of Division 224 Return/Reintegration, German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) Website: https://www.startfinder.de/ https://www.bmz.de/en/issues/Sonderinitiative-Fluchtursachen-bekaempfen-Fluechtlinge-reintegrieren/deutsche_politik/perspektive_heimat/index.jsp Location Germany and 13 partner countries (Afghanistan, Albania, Egypt, Gambia, Ghana, Iraq, Kosovo, Morocco, Nigeria, Pakistan, Senegal, Serbia, Tunisia) Duration 2017-present Description Creating economic and social prospects for refugees who are returning to their home countries, IDPs and the local population.

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UN Habitat: Rental subsidies for Internally Displaced People in Somalia. This Good Practice is a rental scheme combined with a livelihood intervention as well as Housing, Land and Property (HLP) services.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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UNHabitat and partners assist internally displaced people in Somalia to obtain security and stability by combining support in livelihoods and tenure security.

Contact details

Submitted by: Christophe Lalande, Leader, Housing Unit
Website: https://new.unhabitat.org/topic/housing Country
Introduction to the project
Duration
Federal Republic of Somalia
Description
2017-2019

This Good Practice is a rental scheme combined with a livelihood intervention as well as Housing, Land and Property (HLP) services.

A total of eighty households were provided with integrated assistance comprising of rental coverage for a 12-month period, Income Generating Activities (IGA) grants, and business skills development.

The rental subsidy and livelihood services were complemented with provision of information, specialized counselling, and legal assistance services to enable beneficiaries to exercise their HLP rights.

The Mogadishu Rental Subsidy Component is a pilot project and the first of its kind ever conducted in Somalia. The pilot has creatively and successfully addressed the central challenge to protracted displacement. It answers how to secure tenure for displacement-affected communities in Mogadishu.

Main activities of the Good Practice

According to the Mogadishu Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) profiling of 2016, IDPs most at risk of forced evictions are evicted every six months. This pilot had three central aims:

to increase tenure security of IDPs by 100% (12 months);

to ensure sustainability using livelihoods injection (Income Generating Activities) for the households; and

analysing if combining livelihoods and tenure security results in reducing inhibiting factors to local integration and reduces the influence of external debilitating factors such as the role of gatekeepers.

The goal of these innovative solutions is to address forced evictions and tenure insecurity through the piloting of the first rental subsidy scheme in Somalia. Households were targeted with a rental subsidy of up to 80USD per month for 1 year, an income generating activity instalment of 1,000USD (500USD in two instalments) as well as a seven month food basket.

The rental subsidy programme is comprised of four components:

Community participation and awareness

Improved access to housing and land rights through rental subsidies

Access to livelihoods

Access to justice for violations of HLP rights

Partners

Banaadir Regional Authority

The European Union

UNHCR

UNDP

How challenges were overcome

The pilot identified that rental subsidy and livelihood schemes are not suited to the most vulnerable households; those with disabilities and chronic illnesses, young single mothers and those with distinct needs. Rental subsidies work better when the family has a range and diverse composition of mixed education levels and abilities. Paramount in the design of any rental scheme is a thorough assessment and profiling of the people in the households.

A significant challenge was the phase out of the project. Although 89% of households will successfully continue to locally integrate, what are the solutions for the 11% that will not?

Safety nets need to be built in for households that default on projects such as this one in order to protect households when their livelihoods fail and they are unable to sustain rent or face external shocks.

The rental markets in Mogadishu are understudied, underdeveloped and not regulated. What this pilot has managed to do is outline the potential for the rental sector. There is ample demand for rental housing at all socio-economic levels, particularly for low cost housing. However, the government-led approach to the engagement of the private sector and the development of the legal and policy frameworks that protect IDPs and low-income families is paramount in safeguarding the most vulnerable.

Results of the Good Practice

After a year of renting

Housing:

89% of the households stated that once the project has ended they will be able to continue paying their rents.

Only 3/80 households have faced an eviction threat since the establishment of the project and the threat was resolved through mediation.

10/80 disputes between landlords or neighbours. Prior to the commencement of the project all of the households had been evicted at least once before.

Livelihoods:

100% of households identified an increase in household income by the end of the project.

Household income levels at the end of the project were significant: 19 households were in the 50-100USD per month range; 23 in the 100-150USD range; 8 in the 150-200, 11 in the 250-300 range and 2 households had an income of over 300USD per month. 55% of the households at end of the project had an income above 100USD per month.

At the beginning of the project 55/80 households stated that they had one source of income and 25/80 had two. At the end of the project 41/80 had one source of income, 38/80 had two sources of income. This is a 16% improvement.

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Rental subsidies for Internally Displaced People in Somalia | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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UNHabitat and partners assist internally displaced people in Somalia to obtain security and stability by combining support in livelihoods and tenure security. Submitted by: Christophe Lalande, Leader, Housing Unit Website: https://new.unhabitat.org/topic/housing Country Duration Federal Republic of Somalia Description 2017-2019 This Good Practice is a rental scheme combined with a livelihood intervention as well as Housing, Land and Property (HLP) services.

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Partnership between the UNHCR and Tulus (a leading Islamic Social Finance crowdfunding Application), aims to strengthen support for refugee communities in Malaysia. The goal is to raise USD600,000 from 2021 to 2023 through the app to benefit the most vulnerable refugees in the areas of health, education, and gender-based violence. This is the first UNHCR Islamic Fintech Partner that puts in place an innovative solution, turning to technology to mobilize public support, especially during times of social distancing.

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By UNHCR Malaysia | 24 March 2021

Kuala Lumpur, 24 March 2021 - UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency and Tulus Digital Sdn Bhd have launched a partnership to strengthen support for refugee communities in Malaysia. Through this agreement, Tulus - a leading Islamic Social Finance crowdfunding Application - pledges to raise USD600,000 from 2021 - 2023 to benefit the most vulnerable refugees in the areas of health, education, and gender-based violence.

This pledge is all the more critical today in light of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on vulnerable populations like refugees. There are some 178,000 refugees registered with UNHCR in Malaysia. Approximately 45% are women and children, many of whom are vulnerable and impacted socially and economically by the pandemic.

"One of the greatest tools to solve inequalities amidst a COVID-19 pandemic is fintech. Fintech connects users in such a way so that transactions are transparent, easy to perform, and allows donors to connect more closely to causes they can relate to," said Datuk Dr. Mohd Daud Bakar, Chairman of Tulus Digital Sdn Bhd.

"The meaning of tulus is sincerity in the Malay language, and this App was built with that sole notion in mind - to be clear and sincere in everything that we do for our donors, beneficiaries, and partners, including UNHCR.

"Philanthropy has no religion, has no home address, is no flagship of any country. It is about humanity. And for that, we are motivated to use our digital platform to serve these communities better."

In recent years, UNHCR has continued to strengthen partnerships in Islamic Philanthropy, tapping into Islamic Social Finance to assist the most vulnerable refugees in Malaysia.

"Onboarding Tulus as the first UNHCR Islamic Fintech Partner is a major milestone in connecting Islamic Finance to reducing inequalities and poverty amongst the refugee population in Malaysia," said Thomas Albrecht, UNHCR Representative.

"Fintech is also an innovative solution in this regard. Turning to technology to mobilise public support, especially during times of social distancing, makes practical sense.

"UNHCR is honored to have TULUS as our first UNHCR Islamic Fintech Partner and we look forward to a long relationship that will significantly benefit vulnerable refugees in Malaysia."
About UNHCR:
UNHCR leads international action to protect people forced to flee their homes because of armed conflict, persecution, and human rights abuses. We deliver life-saving assistance like shelter, food, and water, and help safeguard fundamental human rights for persons of concern, and find long-term solutions to ensure that those forced to flee from their homes are able to rebuild their lives in safety and dignity. We also work to ensure that stateless people are granted a nationality.
www.unhcr.org.my About Tulus:
Tulus Digital is an Islamic social fintech start-up that provides ethical payment facilitation for all Islamic Philanthropic organisations in Malaysia empowering the growth and wellbeing of the community by embracing the digital lifestyle. The Tulus mobile platform provides a convenient and secure online payment solution for all Islamic based Shariah compliant services and payment facilitation like Zakat, Waqaf, Infaq & Donation. The Tulus app is now available on Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
www.tulus.my
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United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

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UNHCR and TULUS Launch Partnership to Support Refugees in Malaysia

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By UNHCR Malaysia | 24 March 2021 Kuala Lumpur, 24 March 2021 - UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency and Tulus Digital Sdn Bhd have launched a partnership to strengthen support for refugee communities in Malaysia.

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The Hongkong and Shanghai Hotels, Limited: The Peninsula Tokyo provides hygiene items to a refugee/asylum centre in Tokyo, works with their social enterprise centre, and hires refugees who have obtained permission to work.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Helen Lock, Senior Corporate Responsibility Coordinator, The Hongkong and Shanghai Hotels, Limited

Introduction to the project
Country
Tokyo, Japan
Duration
2016 - Ongoing
Description
The Peninsula Tokyo provides hygiene items to a refugee/asylum centre in Tokyo, works with their social enterprise centre, and hires refugees who have obtained permission to work.
Project aims

1. Re-distribute extra, unused hygiene items from the hotel to a vulnerable sector in Japanese society

2. Tap into an alternative labour market in Japan

Resources used

Support/buy-in and openness of the Human Resources team, the HM and the GM of The Peninsula Tokyo

Partnership with relevant NGOs

Partners

Japan Association for Refugees

Challenges and how they were overcome
Challenges:
A very limited number of refugees in Japan have been given a work permit.
How they were overcome:
Where possible, we can only hire refugees that have the relevant work permit.

We work with an NGO through their social enterprise programme (hanger repair) that supports the needs and trainings of refugees/asylum seekers in Japan.

Results of the Good Practice

Continued recruitment of refugees

Currently we have 1-2 refugees hired in our operation

How the project meets the GCR Objectives
Objective 1: Ease the pressures on host countries

Highlight opportunities to maximise the effective and efficient use of resources: Distributing extra, unused hygiene items to refugees who are in need.

Contribute to burden and responsibility sharing: Companies nowadays pay more and more attention to corporate social responsibility (CSR). Other than seeking profits, more focus has been placed on how the company can share the burden of the society. Hiring refugees can help relieving the financial burden of local government and NGOs as refugees will the rely less on social assistance.

Have the potential to be adapted, replicated, and/or broadened in scale: To encourage private sector actors from all over the world to hire refugees.

Objective 2: Enhance refugee self-reliance

Respond to the needs of refugees and host communities, yielding sustained and positive benefits for the: Refugees no longer need to rely solely on the social assistance provided by the local government and NGOs, instead they can make a living by themselves. This generally will improve their livelihoods as the social assistance provided is barely enough for them. It can help relieving the financial burden of the local government and NGOs as well. It is also good for their mental health.

Be developed in partnership with other stakeholders, including refugees and host populations: The employment in a way is a partnership with the refugees. Refugees can blend in the local community more by interacting with the customers and their colleagues from host country. They will learn more about the local culture. At the same time, our company's staff could learn more about refugees so as to develop a more comprehensive world view.

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Supporting the Japan Association for Refugees through corporate social responsibility | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Helen Lock, Senior Corporate Responsibility Coordinator, The Hongkong and Shanghai Hotels, Limited Country Tokyo, Japan Duration 2016 - Ongoing Description The Peninsula Tokyo provides hygiene items to a refugee/asylum centre in Tokyo, works with their social enterprise centre, and hires refugees who have obtained permission to work.

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RET International: This project aimed at strengthening the resilience and self-reliance of vulnerable refugee and host community women and their families through a holistic approach on livelihoods training that leads to socio-economic empowerment, social cohesion and sustainable development.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Marina Anselme, Chief Technical Officer, RET International

Introduction to the project
Countries
Turkey (Mardin, Kilis and Çorum), Latin America (Venezuela, Panama, Ecuador, Costa Rica, Mexico, Colombia)
Duration
2012-present

RET engagement with crisis affected young women and women (refugees, IDPs, migrants and locals)
in the area of socio-economic empowerment started in 2012 in LAC countries and in 2018 in Turkey.

Depending the group of women; some of them are already independent, some still receive
technical support, which will last for 1-2 years more. In Turkey, the project will continue until 2021
Description
RET provides a holistic socio-economic empowerment training and technical support to refugee and local women in several countries.

Women are disproportionately affected in times of disasters and conflicts. The Colombian domestic conflict (over 9million of people of concern, the majority being IDPs), followed by the Venezuelan situation (over 4 million refugees and migrants), and the extreme violence that stalks the countries of the Central American triangle have caused - and continue causing - massive internal and external forced displacement in the Americas. Equally dramatic is the destiny of most of the Syrian who have fled the country since 2011 (over 5.6 million.) mainly to Turkey, Lebanon, Jordan, Egypt and Iraq.

Displaced women of all ages experience acts of violence and threats, and very often they are left alone with their children to look for survival strategies. They face regular challenges to access health (including SRH and MPS), protection, education and employment services, which exacerbate their levels of vulnerability. In addition, very often refugee women are settle in areas where local women are facing the same kind of risks and barriers to fulfil their rights. Moreover, women are less likely to participate in the labour market than men around the world. However, if they could benefit from safe spaces and social, economic and educational services, both refugee and host community women hold the key to turning crises into opportunities so as to create a better future for themselves, their families and their communities.
Project aims
To strengthen the resilience and self-reliance of vulnerable refugee and host community women and their families, through a holistic approach on livelihoods training that leads to socio-economic empowerment, social cohesion and sustainable development.
Resources used
Main activities of the Good Practice

With the purpose of responding to the socioeconomic needs of both refugee and host community young women and women, RET has been providing socio-economic empowerment training and technical support to refugee and local women in several countries. The methodology applied differs depending on the context, the legal restrictions to work, the cultural and social norms, the age and the profile of concerned women. However, some key principles and programme components are core to each of RET intervention: Using a gender and conflict-sensitive holistic approach, RET provides a combination of technical training workshops coupled with individual mentoring and follow up approach. The training includes Entrepreneurship, Social Entrepreneurship, Business Opportunities, Marketing and Product Design Sessions for both, refugees and local women. Additionally, the programme provides awareness raising sessions on SGBV and SRH issues after which women can also access to individual counselling, psychosocial support, and when needed referrals mechanism. Finally, they are also exposed to cultural and social activities.

It is worth saying that based on the motivation and engagement of a group of Syrian and Turkey women, RET launched a commercial enterprise and a patented brand named "Leap Natural" as a social entrepreneurship model (50% refugee women and 50% Turkish women). Through this model, RET brings natural, local and sustainable products produced by refugee and local women into the marketplace in Turkey. This model is sustainable, has increased refugee and local women's selfreliance and resilience and eases the pressure on the host country since women participants' employability profiles and participation to workforce have increased and income generation prospects are improved. By doing so, this model of intervention is contributing to enhancing refugees' self-reliance and easing pressure on host countries with regard to assistance to refugee populations, as stated in the GCF.

Partners

LeapNatural - Local Business

Republic of Turkey Ministry of National Education, Public Education Centers in Mardin, Kilis and Çorum

Kilis Municipality, Mardin Governorate, Turkish Development Agency (İŞKUR)

Diamante Azul - Women led group - Costa Rica

Comunidad Practica - Panama

Las mujeres y la chocolateria - Venezuela

Challenges and how they were overcome

Challenges:

Socio-emotional instability of women

Need of child-caring services

Likelihood of women' mobility because of the nature of their status in the host country

Competitiveness of the markets

Diversity of existing providers

Lack of sufficient available technical staff in remote areas

How challenges were overcome:

The holistic aspect of RET intervention has allowed to address different dimensions of a woman's' life. As such, the programme is not only about training on specific job/business related skills, but also on SRH and GBV issues, child-care issues; it also provides access or referral to psychological and legal services when needed, and it also ensures individualised follow up to guarantee the continued engagement of concerned women.

The types of vocational workshops are selected after a thorough needsassessment and feasibility study realized by RET to identify the demands of marketplace. As a result, refugee and host community women produce natural, sustainable, handmade and innovative products that are of top-notch quality with professional packaging and branding, which are high in demand locally and sometimes also globally (the case of Tukey programme).

In LAC, most of the women's livelihood initiatives have been solidified through the creation of women' led groups, which allow them to conduct peer-to-peer training, and ensure internal support mechanisms to improve the quality of their products or services, while generating a sense of belonging that reinforce their self and collective confidence.

In Turkey, in order to ensure the sustainability of its livelihood programme, RET founded a commercial enterprise and a patented brand "Leap Natural" with 150 refugee and host community women participants in its workshops as a social entrepreneurship model so that natural and sustainable products refugee and host community women produce can be offered professionally to both individual and private sector customers and strong marketing networks can be built. One of the most important dimensions for sustainability of livelihood programmes is to ensure sustainable marketing networks and strong partnerships. RET follows a comprehensive marketing strategy in order to efficiently link refugee and host community women participants to marketplace. As RET's workshops are geographically located far from its target customers, RET has been focusing on social media marketing and ecommerce and send orders to all provinces in Turkey through cargo. As a result, RET has already a wide loyal customer base while also acquiring new customers every day. RET also regularly participates in numerous different festivals in İstanbul, Ankara and İzmir where most of its target customers reside to increase the visibility of its brand and boost the sales. Additionally, RET has been building partnerships with private sector, governmental bodies, academy, NGOs and INGOs, celebrities and social media influencers in Turkey for building new marketing networks and strengthening the existing ones.

One of the most important dimensions for sustainability of livelihood programmes is to ensure sustainable marketing networks and strong partnerships. RET follows a comprehensive marketing strategy in order to efficiently link refugee and host community women participants to marketplace. As RET's workshops are geographically located far from its target customers, RET has been focusing on social media marketing and ecommerce and send orders to all provinces in Turkey through cargo. As a result, RET has already a wide loyal customer base while also acquiring new customers every day. RET also regularly participates in numerous different festivals in İstanbul, Ankara and İzmir where most of its target customers reside to increase the visibility of its brand and boost the sales. Additionally, RET has been building partnerships with private sector, governmental bodies, academy, NGOs and INGOs, celebrities and social media influencers in Turkey for building new marketing networks and strengthening the existing ones.

Results of the Good Practice

Increased refugee and vulnerable host community women's socio-economic rights fulfillment through vocational training, preventive awareness raising on GBV and health related issues, and income generation technical support.

Increased access to marketplaces for refugee and host community through the sustainable livelihood model RET created.

Refugee women' increased and improved income generation after one year of training, individualised coaching and technical support (between 20 to 50% higher).

Reinforcement of Social cohesion between refugee and host community women and their families through the workshops specifically designed as safe places and venues for bridging the communication gap between refugee and host communities.

Next steps
Concerning the Turkey entrepreneurial initiative, RET is planning to realize wholesale export of the products produced, to open "Leap Natural" shops in USA and Europe. RET will provide mentorship, marketing and product design assistance to other women entrepreneurs, start-ups and cooperatives under the umbrella of "Leap Natural" brand throughout Turkey. Additionally, RET plans to replicate the Turkey entrepreneurial model in other countries of operation, starting in LAC.

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Women-led livelihood training in crisis affected contexts | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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RET provides socio-economic empowerment training and technical support to refugee and local women in several countries. It strengthens the resilience and self-reliance of vulnerable refugee and host community women and their families, through a holistic approach on livelihoods training that leads to socio-economic empowerment, social cohesion and sustainable development.

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Plan International: Improving the socio-economic conditions of both vulnerable Syrian and Egyptian families through business development training and cash grants in the more disadvantaged areas of Greater Cairo.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Richard Sandison, Team Leader - Centre of Excelelnce: Adoloscent Girls in Crisis, Plan International
Website: plan-international.org/ Country
Introduction to the project
Duration
Egypt
Description
2016 - 2018

The project centres on jobs and livelihoods as well as creating solutions by improving livelihoods and self-reliance of Syrian refugees and vulnerable Egyptian families. This is done through skill development to support entrepreneurship, the provision of start-up and business development capital, as well as follow-up support and case management. This supports the achievement of the GRF areas and objectives of the GCR by promoting self-reliance and eases pressures on host communities.

Support was more sustainable as it was relevant to livelihood needs of a precise target group. The project contributed to a higher enrolment of children of the target group in education and a decrease in negative coping mechanisms. The businesses started benefited both Syrians and Egyptians, employees and partners as well as family members.

Local implementing partners (NGOs) played a pivotal role in the success of the project. The trainings and support led to increased income/assets amongst the targeted group.

The project targeted 50% female and 50% male. It prioritized the youth population between 18 and 24 years old as well as those with protection concerns (SGBV survivors, families at risk, female headed households, families including a member of the household with a disability).

The targeted population of concern was Syrian refugees with a 20% quota of vulnerable Egyptian families. The project has proved sustainable:

64,32% of beneficiaries who received cash grants in 2016 or 2917 still have their business running

36% are growing or stable businesses

69% reported stable of slightly increasing profit.

Project aims
The project was documented as a good practice and shared with other countries within Plan International.
Resources used
The project is designed to serve both vulnerable Syrian and Egyptian families in the more disadvantaged areas of Greater Cairo. Its main aim is to improve their socio-economic conditions.

The project was funded by UNHCR and implemented by Plan International Egypt in 2016, 2017 and 2018.

Main activities of the Good Practice

* Selection of Persons of Concern (PoC) for training based on criteria (gender balance, youth, protection concerns).

* Start up support: Plan International Egypt (PIE) provides core skills, entrepreneurship training and cash grants for business start-up to POC. After completion of the training package, the POC will develop proposals for business start-ups.

* Vocational Training Hubs: Training with experienced trainers in selected vocations is provided to the POC in order to support them in improving their skills. By strengthening Vocational Training Hubs, they will continue to work after the project by offering relevant curricula to POCs at affordable fees.

* Business Development: The project engages with existing Syrian start-ups to assess their businesses and support their scale up by providing non-financial support services.

Partners

UNHCR

Syria Al Gad

Life Makers Foundation (local NGO)

Challenges
Challenges and how they were overcome

* When implementing self-employment programs with the Syrian refugee community, there is a need to focus on marketing and networking activities, as production quality is high, but access to the market remains a challenge.

* Tailored services for participants are needed to ensure responsiveness to individual differences within the Syrian refugee community. For example, delivery of the entrepreunship program would benefit from being able to offer operational components depending upon skill sets and needs. Some refugees clearly benefit from participating in the full structured program, while others require training and business plan development support but not seed funding, and others require only seed funding.
How they were overcome
* Develop networks of micro-business owners to share their stories, challenges, ideas and business contacts.

* With the Syrian communities, women's peer support is one way to maintain resilience to the challenges they face while starting their new livelihood program.

Results of the Good Practice

* Impact through indirect benefits for employees and partners as well as their family members.

* Decrease in negative coping mechanisms, considerable decline in borrowing for basic needs and selling personal assets. Reduction of basic needs expenses, accepting illegal/exploitative work, and child labour was noted.

* Higher enrollment of children of target group in education, some beneficiaries were able to enroll their children in education as a result of joining the project and starting their own businesses

* 77.84% beneficiaries improved ability to meet basic needs either fully or partially.

* 74.79% reported an increase in their monthly income since starting their own businesses after joining the project.

* 64,32% of beneficiaries who received cash grants in 2016 or 2917 still have their business running.

* 36% are growing or stable businesses.
How the project meets the GCR Objectives
* 69% reported stable of slightly increasing profit.

Objective 1: Ease the pressures on host countries

Objective 2: Enhance refugee self-reliance

Next steps

In future, Plan International Egypt will ensure participants of livelihood projects have access to services such as health and education, to increase productivity. It is recommended to have a coach for the participants to focus on their income generation activities.

Areas that require support from other stakeholders for the project to continue or scale up:

Multi-year funding to expand the project.

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Improving refugees and host community livelihoods in Greater Cairo, Egypt | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Richard Sandison, Team Leader - Centre of Excelelnce: Adoloscent Girls in Crisis, Plan International Website: plan-international.org/ Country Duration Egypt Description 2016 - 2018 The project centres on jobs and livelihoods as well as creating solutions by improving livelihoods and self-reliance of Syrian refugees and vulnerable Egyptian families.

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UNHCR and the Peruvian Ministry of Education: Access to education for refugee children in Peru with the project “Lima Aprende”.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by
Peruvian Ministry of Education

UNHCR Peru
Country
Peru
Duration
2019 - February 2020.

It is expected to continue for the rest of 2020, with expansion of prioritized schools (from 119 schools in 2019 to more than 300 in 2020).
Project aims
Guarantee the right to education of refugees and migrant children in Peru.
Resources used
The financial resources of the project come from the national level through the Peruvian Education Ministry. Dirección Regional de Educación de Lima Metropolitana (DRELM) is the entity responsible for the implementation in Lima.

Challenges and how they were overcome

One of the main challenges was the dissemination of information to people of interest. In the last semester of 2019, more than 7,000 vacancies were opened in Lima within the project and at the beginning, only 300 children were enrolled.

Joint actions were taken with international organizations such as UNHCR and UNICEF to identify the reasons of the limited access to education for refugee and migrant children. Thus, it was determined that while enrolment is the gateway to the education system, children must have more significant economic and psychosocial support to have successful retention.

Results of the Good Practice

Guarantee the right to inclusive education for Venezuelan refugee children: The opening of more than 400 classrooms in 114 educational institutions, is one of the main achievements for the protection of children as it is one of the main human rights concerns in forced migration contexts. More than 70% of the children in "LimaAprende" are Venezuelans. The Peruvian education system will improve as it guarantees an inclusive education system.

Implementation of safe spaces for children: "LimaAprende" is a multidisciplinary program which involves psychologists, teachers, and social workers. Children from different nationalities have special support to strengthen their scholar integration.

© Peruvian Ministry of Education (DREML)
How the project meets the GCR Objectives
Objective 2: Enhance refugee self-reliance

This project is very much aligned with one of the four objectives of the GCR and has the potential to be adapted and / or be replicated by other countries, not only in the continent but elsewhere.

Access to education for refugee and migrant children is a basic right and it contributes to their protection.

This program has allowed many children to go back to school and to avoid them being in the streets while their parents are working, being survivors of possible exploitation and abuse, and allowed their parents to work.

Furthermore, the program promotes the strengthening of schools as safe spaces for refugees and migrant children as well as the integration of those children into the Peruvian society through their inclusion into public schools where they have the chance to learn and play with children from the host community.

The process of integration is right now one of the most important for the refugee situation in Peru, whereby refugees and migrants are staying for longer periods of time. Further, although the Peruvian Government has been very open to receive more than 865,000 Venezuelans, recently some changes in the migratory system, as well as the increase in security issues have risen discrimination and xenophobic attitudes towards Venezuelan nationals.

Having children from the refugee and migrant community as well as from the host community going to schools together could create ties among the children and their parents and teachers. Moreover, inclusive education guarantees a long-term integration process to those children, which represents a fundamental instrument for the safeguarding of their rights.

Next steps

It is intended to extend the program to other districts of Lima and also at the regional level throughout the country.

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Access to education for refugee children in Peru with "Lima Aprende" | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by Peruvian Ministry of Education UNHCR Peru Country Peru Duration 2019 - February 2020. It is expected to continue for the rest of 2020, with expansion of prioritized schools (from 119 schools in 2019 to more than 300 in 2020). Project aims Guarantee the right to education of refugees and migrant children in Peru.

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Finn Church Aid and its partners provide career guidance and counselling to refugees and host populations to enhance self-reliance and ease pressure on host countries.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by
Finn Church Aid
Country
Cambodia, Uganda, Jordan, Myanmar
Duration
2014-2021

We expect it to be refunded and incorporated into national education system.
Project aims
Cambodia example: The project aims to increased labour market participation of Cambodian youth by increasing their awareness of the wide variety of professions and available study paths they need to take in order to find employment. In addition, youth's ability to recognize their skills is strengthened in order for them to aspire careers they find motivating.
Resources used

Employee salaries

Local travels and accommodation

Support capacity building of staff

Support career guidance and counselling practices of the youth

Procure materials and tools

Support trainee welfare

Support exchange visits

Organize career fairs

Collaboration with local authorities

Partners

Cambodian Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports

Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA)

National Employment Agency in Cambodia

Swedish Public Employment Service and Cambodian Teacher Education Institutions

Teachers without borders

Challenges and how they were overcome

Career guidance and counselling was a new subject in Cambodia, without a Khmer language word for it. We also had to seek the commitment of governments. These challenges were overcome through communication, persistent involvement, advocacy an open collaboration with governmental bodies and authorities in all levels.

Results of the Good Practice

In Cambodia the school drop-out rate has decreased significantly.

In Uganda the employment after Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) has increased.

In Jordan, Syrian refugees and Jordanian youth in host communities received CGC services, incl. job-seeking training integrated to TVET, which increases their possibilities to employment after graduation.

In Myanmar the school drop-out has decreased.

Today, career counselling and guidance is incorporated in the national curriculum, and more counsellors are continuously being trained in cooperation with the Cambodian Ministry of Education. The new project will lay the basis for expanding career guidance and counselling services across Cambodia on an even larger scale. The experiences and best practices have already been scaled to other countries and have a significant potential to be applied in multiple types of contexts and for different purposes.
How the project meets the GCR Objectives
Objective 1: Ease the pressures on host countries

Objective 2: Enhance refugee self-reliance

Career Guidance and Counselling (CGC) brings pathways to employment and earnings, which eases pressure on host countries. Refugees can earn a living and integrate into their host communities. Economical self-reliance enhances stability and prevents internal conflicts between refugees and host populations. Supporting transitions from education to the labour market and increasing participation of youth in the labour market leads to economic growth for host countries.

More focused and sustainable career choices and career planning skills bring resilience throughout the span of ones working life and during changes in the labour market. Better job-seeking and better education placement leads to decent work for individuals.

Knowledge of further education possibilities enables a fluent transition to better training and employment after that.

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Career guidance and counselling brings hope and employment | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by Finn Church Aid Country Cambodia, Uganda, Jordan, Myanmar Duration 2014-2021 We expect it to be refunded and incorporated into national education system. Project aims Cambodia example: The project aims to increased labour market participation of Cambodian youth by increasing their awareness of the wide variety of professions and available study paths they need to take in order to find employment.

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The Foundation “Music for Integration” is rescuing the professional musical talent of Venezuelan refugees and migrants in Chile.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by
Música para la Integración Foundation
Location
Chile
Duration
2016 - Present
Description
Foundation "Music for Integration" supports Venezuelan musicians in Chile.
Project aims
When leaving their country, many Venezuelan musicians have had to leave their artistic careers. Once in Chile, most of them have no other option than working in areas that have nothing to do with music, leaving aside their main passion, in order to survive and achieve economic stability. For them, to meet again with other musicians, playing in an orchestra or teaching music to boys and girls is, above all, a way to remember the warmth of their home.
VIDEO: Concierto Diáspora Sinfónica en Centro Cultural La Moneda 15/09/19
Main activities of the Good Practice

The Foundation's proposal is to rescue the professional musical talent of refugees and migrants in Chile through:

A symphonic orchestra composed by 60 refugees and migrants that plays free concerts in public spaces, in order to give them visibility and share their talents.

Classes for children of different ages, taught by Venezuelan musicians who participate in the symphony orchestra. The Foundation has four training centers in different parts of the capital, with a current total of 120 children taking part.

Exchanges of experiences with other Chilean orchestras, including the national police symphony orchestra

Massive shows of the professional Symphonic orchestra, for promoting the message against discrimination and xenophobia.

Partners

Challenges and how they were overcome

Financial instability was the main challenge as we do not have regular incomes or sponsors.

The Foundation has been knocking on the doors of UNHCR, UNESCO and other organizations, to request economical support.

The foundation has partnerships with various parishes and churches to be able to carry out music classes and rehearsals in those spaces.

Results of the Good Practice

After going through difficult times, dozens of refugee and migrant musicians have felt the joy of making music again. The Foundation has given them the opportunity to develop integrally on a personal basis, which generates a positive impact on their processes of local integration and a feeling of overcoming.

The foundation promotes labor support networks so that every refugee or migrant professional musician can return to work in their area. It has helped to boost the careers of Venezuelan musicians in Chile.

The Foundation has created bonds of friendship between refugees and migrants, generating a community and a support network.

Refugee and migrant children have participated in the Foundation's musical classes, to develop their talents, make friends and feel a part of a community in the new host country.

VIDEO: Danzón nº 2. Orq Simfònica Internac. Voces y música para la Integración. SF'15.avc How the project meets the GCR Objectives
Objective 2: Enhance refugee self-reliance

The "Music for Integration" project contributes to enhancing refugee self-reliance. From the labour perspective but also from the independence and balance that generates emotional well-being. It is a project that is aimed directly at local integration.

The project was born from an idea of ​​a group of Venezuelan musicians in Chile and has been enhanced through partnerships with UNESCO, UNHCR and various private and state cultural centres.

By forming a professional orchestra and developing musical classes for children, the foundation strengthens the Venezuelan community in Chile, through the creation of a support network for refugees and migrants' musicians who arrive in the country. It also promotes labour opportunities for refugee or migrant professional musicians. Finally, the work carried out by the foundation also contributes to fostering a welcoming environment, because it enhances and makes visible the talents and contributions that refugees and migrants can offer Chile.

This is an innovative project in which people of all nationalities, gender and ages, have a place and can develop their talents, in an intercultural environment. Also, it is a project very likely to be replicated in different parts of the world, as there are many Venezuelan professional musicians outside their country of origin.

Next steps

Generating job opportunities and getting sponsors for musicians.

Get an official sponsor to continue growing and get financial stability.

VIDEO: Orquesta "Voces y Música para la Integración"

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Music for refugee integration in Chile | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by Música para la Integración Foundation Location Chile Duration 2016 - Present Description Foundation "Music for Integration" supports Venezuelan musicians in Chile. Project aims When leaving their country, many Venezuelan musicians have had to leave their artistic careers.

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Sheraton Dushanbe (Marriot International Inc.): Hospitality apprenticeships for refugees and local youths to boost self-reliance and career opportunities.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Project Implementer
Sheraton Dushanbe (Marriot International Inc.) since rebranded as Hilton Dushanbe.
Country
Tajikistan
Duration
September 2017 - January 2018
Description
The Sheraton Hotel in Dushanbe developed a training programme for refugees and local youths with the objective of enhancing refugee self-reliance and boosting their competitiveness in both local and global labour markets.

Through the National Development Strategy 2016-2030, Tajikistan will increase its development in hospitality and tourism paving the way for a growth in employment opportunities in these sectors. The apprenticeship programme brought together different actors that cooperated in expanding livelihoods and self-reliance interventions for refugees through partnerships and coordination with the state, the public and, more recently, the private sector.

The targeted Partnership between Sheraton Hotel Dushanbe, UNHCR, Adult Education Centre and RCVC is the first step of launching the pilot project that we believe will benefit local Tajik and refugee youths who are passionate about the tourism sector. - Mr. Toni Toshev, the General Manager of Sheraton Hotel, Dushanbe.

Project aims

Facilitating livelihood opportunities for refugees and local youths by creating a constructive and welcoming learning environment.

Increase refugee and local youth employability through skills training and work experience.

Refugee and host community integration; 50/50 approach.

Resources used

A jointly written and signed Letter of Understanding formalizing partners' roles, terms of reference and eligibility criteria for apprentice selection process. (More details in downloadable report)

An employment brochure on refugees' right to work in Tajikistan, jointly developed by the Ministry of Labor, Employment and Migration and shared by UNHCR.

An interview process to help select the apprentices.

Partners

Tajikistan Government

UNHCR Tajikistan

Line Ministries of Labor, Migration and Employment (through the Adult Education Centre)

NGO Refugees Children and Vulnerable Citizens (RCVC)

Public

Sheraton Dushanbe, Marriot International Inc.

Challenges and how they were overcome

Constructive feedback - To overcome challenges, a way of submitting "constructive feedback" between the apprentices and the hotel management was put in place.

UNHCR arranged focus groups with apprentices.

An anonymous post-training questionnaire for apprentices to complete.

UNHCR and RCVC conducted a series of information sessions for the Sheraton human resources department on the legislative framework for refugees and their qualifications and backgrounds.

Results of the Good Practice

[I thought] this could open doors for me in the future... Someday I can help girls like me to get ahead, especially in education. Being able to learn new skills is so important, especially for refugee girls and women. - Sheraton apprentice.

All apprentices, especially women, reported an increase in self-confidence. All participants confirmed that they benefitted from the 50/50 approach - equal participation of refugees and local youth - and agreed that the opportunity allowed them to create a support system for each other through friendship. The apprentices also built new social networks with colleagues in the Sheraton Hotel.

After completing the course, successful apprentices received a State recognised certificate which increases their chances of being employed in the hospitality and tourism sector. Already there are success stories: three participants were immediately employed. Two graduates were hired as assistants to the Chef, and another, a local woman graduate, has been recruited by Hyatt Regency Hotel in Dushanbe as a front office assistant.

The Good Practice has been expanded by other actors.

I have new experiences every day, all of which are helping me pursue a career in hospitality. - Sheraton apprentice

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Pilot apprenticeship programme with Sheraton Hilton Hotel Dushanbe | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Project Implementer Sheraton Dushanbe (Marriot International Inc.) since rebranded as Hilton Dushanbe. Country Tajikistan Duration September 2017 - January 2018 Description The Sheraton Hotel in Dushanbe developed a training programme for refugees and local youths with the objective of enhancing refugee self-reliance and boosting their competitiveness in both local and global labour markets.

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This long-term project supports building sustainable livelihoods for vulnerable women affected by conflict in eastern Ukraine through comprehensive training and cash grant programming.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Eero Janson, Director of Estonian Refugee Council (MTÜ Pagulasabi)
Website: Social: https://www.facebook.com/pagulasabi Country https://www.pagulasabi.ee/en Duration
Introduction to the project

Ukraine
Description
September 2016 - Ongoing
Project aims
Current funding until the summer of 2020.
Resources used
The long-term project that supports building sustainable livelihoods for vulnerable women affected by conflict in eastern Ukraine through comprehensive training and cash grant programming.

The goal of the multi-year programme was to support vulnerable women living in eastern Ukraine in building sustainable livelihoods through self-employment and skills development.

The programme reached out to vulnerable yet motivated women living in displacement or near the conflict area and supported them in developing their exiting technical skills and entrepreneurial skills to become self-employed with the goal of sustaining themselves and their families. Beneficiaries were provided with comprehensive training, mentorship and conditional cash grants for developing their micro- or small businesses.

Main activities of the Good Practice

Objective 1: The programme eases the pressures on host countries through supporting IDPs and people living in and around conflict areas to enhance sustainable livelihoods and self-reliance and participating productively in the local economy.

Objective 2: The programme enhances refugee self-reliance through increased livelihoods opportunities in and around conflict areas. In specific, it targets and supports some of the most vulnerable groups, especially women in precarious situations.

Partners

Estonian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (donor)

Challenges and how they were overcome

Building sustainable livelihoods in conflict areas has several risks associated to it, including changing security conditions, difficulties with access, as well as protection related issues.

Changing conditions necessitated flexibility in the programme, such as providing mentorship through online means if access was difficult to less secure areas. Protection related issues (such as attention to gender-based violence (GBV)) were mainstreamed in the programme design.

Results of the Good Practice

More than doubling of household incomes of participants in the programme (based on 2018 impact assessment of 100 beneficiaries).

High satisfaction with the programme and increased feeling of motivation among participants (based on systematic feedback from beneficiaries).

Next steps

The programme launched in 2016 and is currently ongoing in Donetsk, Luhansk, and Zaporizhzhia oblasts.

© Estonian Embassy in Kyiv

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Building sustainable livelihoods for women affected by conflict | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Eero Janson, Director of Estonian Refugee Council (MTÜ Pagulasabi) Website: Social: https://www.facebook.com/pagulasabi Country https://www.pagulasabi.ee/en Duration Ukraine Description September 2016 - Ongoing Project aims Current funding until the summer of 2020. Resources used The long-term project that supports building sustainable livelihoods for vulnerable women affected by conflict in eastern Ukraine through comprehensive training and cash grant programming.

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RET International: Project aimed at providing education opportunities to out-of-school refugee adolescents and youth.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by
RET International
Country
Chad
Duration
2005 - renewed if funding is available
Description
The absence of education opportunities in camps caused youth to cross the border to seek secondary education back in insecure Darfur. With only 5.5% of the Sudanese refugee having access to post-primary education, armed conflict and drastically increased the risk of youth being recruited into armed groups. While the provision of education responds to a basic human right, building the capacities of the youth and giving them the opportunity to be more self-reliant and improve their own future also serves as an important protection mechanism, mitigating the risks for the youth preventing them from falling into harm's way, delinquency, early marriages and falling prey to recruitment nets of the armed groups.

RET's interventions in Eastern Chad, since 2005, demonstrated the importance and effectiveness of education as a tool of protection and positive self-reliance. Gradually, at first through the Life Skills Program and SEDL, and later through formal secondary education RET filled the gap in the provision of secondary education and provided the youth with a safe opportunity to complete their education, improving livelihoods and self-reliance.

RET's programs and the activities were highly instrumental in preventing youth from joining armed groups and engaging in harmful behavior. The implementation of Grade 8 and Grade 11 examinations across 12 camps was critical toward achieving the protection of youth. RET provided the most vulnerable youth and most likely targets of armed groups the opportunity to take accredited education exams in camps, thus significantly decreasing risky cross-border movement. RET developed youth Peace Clubs, sports activities, and community theater to reduce delinquency, advance tolerance and ways of living together in peace.

When designing programs RET recognizes community participation and building self-reliance is critical to rendering its programs successful, sustainable and adaptable. RET's Teacher trainings supported education efforts by closing the gaps in qualification. RET's successfully weaved community interaction and democratic participation into both its day-to-day activities through Education Councils, Parent Student Associations (PSA), and Girls and Boys Committees. They represented the voice of the communities and helped the community develop self-management capacities.

Girls and Boys Committees launched awareness-raising campaigns to sensitize the refugee community about the importance of girls and boys schooling and attendance. They also provided important peer support within the community, tracked school absence, and conducted valuable follow-up.

Education Councils were instrumental in boosted the self-management capacity of community and were put in place as a common voice to represent the schools. Members were trained on how to manage schools, prepare educational plan, raise funds, and organize and monitored exams. They also conducted awareness raising activities to encourage students to sit for exams.

PSAs originally created by RET in its schools, served as a comprehensive mechanism that supported the schools, covering financial and material angles. The gradual professionalization of the PSA and in empowering communities to claim responsibilities of schools were vital steps in RET`s hand-over of the schools to the Chadian authorities and local communities.
Project aims
Although education was a priority among the refugee community, post-primary education opportunities were scarce in camps, causing cross-border movements of youth into insecure Darfur. Absence of daily activities and school attendance left adolescents and youth vulnerable to criminality, negative behaviour, and early marriages. A lack of relevant (context adapted) Life Skills brought risks of teenage pregnancies, STDs and HIV-related problems.

RET's objective was to help protect and provide education opportunities to out-of-school refugee adolescents and youth.
Resources used
US Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration provided funding to support the project.

During the programme's first phase, RET and NRC agreed to adapt "Youth Pack" life skills materials to the specific forced displacement context and to the Sudanese refugee adolescents and youth profiles.

During the programme's second phase, a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the Sudanese Ministry of Education (MoE), guaranteed Sudanese refugees attending RET's Grade 8 course could take certified examinations and obtain a recognized primary education certificate.

A MoU with Sudanese MoE gave RET permission to run formal schools in camps and organize accredited primary and secondary exams.

During programme's third phase, UNHCR and Chadian MoE decision to shift from the Sudanese to Chadian curriculum allowed the transition from a humanitarian, repatriation focused approach towards a development, local integration perspective.

Partners

Ministry of Education, Sudan

Ministry of Education, Chad

International African University (IAU) in Khartoum

UNHCR

Alliance Française

NRC

Challenges and how they were overcome

Challenge 1: At the initial stages of the crisis, RET undertook a survey concluding developing formal secondary education in the camps was not possible in the short-term due to high illiteracy.

Challenge 2: A shortage of trained teachers existed throughout all programme phases (2005 -2018).

Challenge 3: "Gendered expectations" left girls with little or no time to pursue their education at primary and post-primary level.

Challenge 4: Lack of accredited education opportunities for refugee adolescents and youth in the refugee camps.

RET started with a Life Skills program comprised of literacy, numeracy, and useful daily life skills. By working with Sudanese MoE RET was permitted to administer Grade 8 exams to learners completing RET's Life Skills, an equivalent to Sudanese curriculum Grade 8. This reduced border crossing and the associated protection risks.

When Sudanese refugee learners started obtaining Grade 8 certificates, RET negotiated with Sudanese MoE to open accredited secondary schools and administer accredited Grade 11 exams recognised by the MoE in Sudan, Chad and other Arabic-speaking countries. When shifting to the Chadian curriculum RET conduced awareness campaigns, language trainings, and provided support to students and teachers. By providing secondary education RET meet needs and provided youth a safe opportunity to complete their education.

Shortages of trained teachers prompted RET to recruit and train youth that possessed the required level of education and motivation to facilitate learning. RET recruited learners who completed Secondary Education Distance Learning Programme to became educators. Educators received annual pedagogical in-service trainings and formal training from Sudanese MoE, education partners, and Chadian MoE.

RET established girl committees to conduct awareness-raising campaigns, sensitizing the community on the importance of girls schooling. They identified at risks girls and provided support to remain in school.

Results of the Good Practice

Life-Skills program granted 20,550 out-of-school youth (59% women) the opportunity to learn to read, write and gain knowledge on useful daily life skills health, environment, peace-building, human rights.

RET positively boosted youth's self-esteem and self-determination.

91% of students passed Grade 8 examinations and eligible for secondary education.

Girls' access to secondary education significantly increased - enrolment rate of 60%.

Chadian governmental department in charge of supervising the work of the NGO, verified that RET's education programme contributed actively to the improvement of refugees' life prospects.

Next steps

Donor's support ended in 2018. RET's schools were handed to Chadian MoE, supported by UNHCR and education partners. RET continues raising awareness on the need for quality, inclusive education for vulnerable youth in chad. RET expertise is available for new interventions in Chad if funding is allocated.

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Protection and self-reliance of refugee youth through education | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by RET International Country Chad Duration 2005 - renewed if funding is available Description The absence of education opportunities in camps caused youth to cross the border to seek secondary education back in insecure Darfur. With only 5.5% of the Sudanese refugee having access to post-primary education, armed conflict and drastically increased the risk of youth being recruited into armed groups.

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Water4, Access En Eau et Development (AEDR): Commenced in June, 2019 and ongoing, the project aims to provide sustainable and safe water services with local enterprises for IDPs and Persons of Concern.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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This good practice project contributes to an inclusive response to the COVID-19 pandemic by targeting both internally displaced people and their local hosts in 60 villages in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Watch the video to learn more about Water4's COVID-19 response.
The project in brief
Implemented by
Water4, Access En Eau et Development (AEDR)
Country
Bunia, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Duration
CommencedinJune, 2019 and ongoing. Access En Eau et Development (AEDR) plans to construct another twenty-five wells in Bunia by the end of 2019.
Description
In under thirty days, Water4 and its local enterprise partner AEDR, drilled eight wells to benefit the lives of 2,400 people in Bunia, DRC. The project serves Persons of Concern fleeing violence and conflict, and who are at a high risk of contracting disease.
Project aims
The goal of this project was to provide a rapid response to the long-term needs of recently internally displaced persons (IDPs) or Persons of Concern (PoCs) in DRC. In June, 2019, violence broke out in the Ituri province when rebel groups began systematically killing - triggering a new humanitarian crisis which has left approximately 360,000 people displaced. As people have settled into makeshift camps throughout the region, the lack of safe water has created an urgent need for a humanitarian response. In other areas, host communities are taking in PoCs, as needed. For example, Telega Village in Northeast Bunia experienced a 400% population increase, as displaced people fled the nearby Djungu Territory. Communities across Bunia needed to expand their safe water supply quickly, especially given the high incidence of Cholera and Ebola in the region. (Where the second worst outbreak of Ebola in history has occurred.)

Partners

Water4 (A member of the Millennium Water Alliance)

Access En Eau et Development (AEDR) is led by Managing Director, Benjamin Liringa, and has twenty-three employees and three drilling teams. The employees manage administration and finance, drilling, WASH, discipleship, and agriculture. Since inception, AEDR has drilled ninty-four boreholes, serving over 89,300 people living in the Ituri Province, and since inception has trained around 30,000 people in WASH. AEDR has also trained 20 WASH trainers and partnered with two primary schools for WASH training.

Pacha Soap (Support partner to AEDR)

Challenges and how they were overcome
Challenges
1) Transportation in DRC is a constant challenge due to poor and non-existent infrastructure. Roads are difficult to navigate and are often unsafe. The AEDR team is sometimes forced to rely on river transportation to reach very rural communities they serve, using canoes to transport parts needed for water projects. Transportation to Telega Village, like other places, was challenging, particularly when the roads were muddy due to rain. Thankfully, AEDR has been able to navigate the poor infrastructure to travel back and forth to the village.

2) Operating in areas experiencing conflict and disease outbreaks is never easy, and security has been a major concern. The AEDR team traveled back and forth to Telega Village and stayed within the IDP camp while installing wells and hand pumps. The IDP camp housed individuals and families who had experienced trauma and significant loss and were dealing with the emotional and mental consequences of this. The IDPs were very suspicious of outsiders, including the AEDR team, and the camp was ripe with violence. One night during AEDR's stay in the IDP camp in Telega Village, the IDPs discovered rebel members had infiltrated the camp with the goal of mapping out the camp, to share it with another rebel group. This incident was very concerning to the AEDR team, who felt their lives were in danger. Thankfully, local authorities intervened before anyone was hurt.

3) It can be nearly impossible to deploy sustainable solutions in conflict situations, and yet sustainability is necessary for long-term change and integration of IDPs into their host communities. AEDR achieves sustainability through their service delivery model, using funds paid by communities to cover maintenance and repairs. However, with the 400% population growth Telega Village has seen through the influx of IDPs - the village chief requested a waiver of payment from AEDR. The socio-economic level of the village has deteriorated with the presence of IDPs, and they are struggling to meet people's daily needs. AEDR has reached an agreement, whereby the whole community will contribute to the service contract fee after six months of a fee waiver. Given the circumstances, AEDR accepted the request, and set up a local management committee to collaborate with AEDR's technical team. This collaboration will provide ongoing monitoring of the hand pump to ensure continued functionality.

4) When AEDR first responded to the crisis, it was difficult to determine the most appropriate place to install the first well and hand pump. The local villagers wanted the water point to be installed in the middle of their community, which was very far from the IDP camp. This would not have been ideal for the IDPs. AEDR spent more than two weeks negotiating with village elders to reach an acceptable decision for both parties. The final decision was to drill one well just a few meters from the IDP camp, where it can serve both villagers and IDPs. The need for safe water remains high in many IDP camps around Bunia, as well as in other areas of the Ituri Province such as in the Mahagi, Lopa, Iga Barriere, Kasenyi, and Chomia regions, where there is a high concentration of IDPs.
How they were overcome
The above challenges were overcome by working directly with local community leaders and households to identify the primary need, establish trust, and then to communicate the needs and proposed solutions directly with the president of the village's Local Management Committee.

AEDR played a liaison role throughout this project, ensuring all stakeholders were involved and felt included in the community water projects. AEDR's long-time presence in Bunia created a foundation of trust among local communities, and this local presence played an important part in their ability to navigate challenging circumstances. Had the team been unfamiliar with the area and not understood the local culture, it would have been far more challenging for them to implement a solution that benefited a diverse and complex group of stakeholders. The permanent follow up by AEDR will continue to be helpful for the sustainability of this project.

Results of the Good Practice

2,400 people received sustainable safe water services within their community.

Host communities have additional sustainable water services and contracts in place for continuous maintenance in case repairs are needed.

Safe water reduces the risks of cyclical poverty and malnutrition in the IDP camps and host communities. Currently, 43 percent of children living in DRC suffer from malnutrition, including stunted physical growth and lower cognitive development. A 2017 WaSH Poverty Diagnostic published by the World Bank showed that children under five years old in DRC who have access to uncontaminated, safely managed water, see a significant reduction in such physical and cognitive impairments.

How the project meets the GCR Objectives
Objective 1: Ease the pressures on host countries

By responding to the need for safe water and delivering water quickly to the entire population in need, the project helped share local government responsibility to meet the needs of the shifting population at a time when public resources are under duress. AEDR also helped to share the burden of the host communities. These communities did not feel the strain of new persons of concern on their water systems because additional volumes of water became available quickly. The project also safeguarded the health of the entire population, given WaSH services are critical for stopping the spread of infectious diseases like Cholera and Ebola, among others.

Objective 2: Enhance refugee self-reliance

One mother who recently arrived in the camps shared, "We thought we would finally be safe when we got here, but then learned there was no water for us to drink." Persons of concern deal with significant trauma. Being able to meet their basic physical needs is a critical part of their ability to improve self-reliance in other parts of their daily routines, including hygiene, cooking, and washing.

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Water4: Rapid, sustainable and safe water services with local enterprises | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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This good practice project contributes to an inclusive response to the COVID-19 pandemic by targeting both internally displaced people and their local hosts in 60 villages in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Watch the video to learn more about Water4's COVID-19 response.

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The Migrant Kitchen: A social impact-focused catering company that trains and hires immigrants, migrants and undocumented workers in commercial cooking, it had built a successful business selling its dishes in workspaces. During the pandemic, co-founder Nasser Jaber and his team decided to use their kitchens and their food to help hospital workers in New York. They created a nonprofit for the initiative and started a GoFundMe campaign. With the funds they raised, they re-hired their staff and had them cook for the health care workers.

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Guest Articles
Editor's note: This article is part of NextBillion's series "Enterprise in the Time of Coronavirus," which explores how the business and development sectors are responding to the pandemic. For news updates and analysis, virtual events, and links to useful resources related to the COVID-19 crisis, check out our coronavirus resource page.
The COVID-19 crisis has hit the food sector particularly hard, upending traditional business models and disrupting supply chains. The challenges facing these businesses have far-reaching implications - not only for the enterprises themselves, but also for the people they supply with food during the pandemic-induced lockdown. Fortunately, many of these businesses are responding to these disruptions with creativity and innovation, enabling them to continue delivering food, maintaining supply chains, supporting workers' livelihoods - and helping to feed society during these unprecedented times.

Below, we'll discuss three key developments engendered by the crisis that are allowing nimble food sector entrepreneurs to pivot to new business models that can help them weather these challenges.

A Growing Interest in Preparing Foods at Home

The pandemic has brought with it a growing interest in baking, particularly bread baking. Some food entrepreneurs are leveraging this trend to branch out into new products. For instance, Nadide Yildirim is a Turkish entrepreneur based in Instanbul and a recent participant in the LIFE Project, a U.S. State Department-funded program that supports entrepreneurship, job creation and cross-cultural engagement in the food sector in Turkey. The William Davidson Institute (WDI) developed a comprehensive entrepreneurship training curriculum for the LIFE Project, drawing on its 6M Entrepreneurship Development Model. At the onset of the crisis, Yildirim started selling yeast on Instagram with the tagline "Stay at home, make your own bread." Through these sales, she was able to expand her business beyond Istanbul.

Yildirim also created a new promotional strategy with videos on how to bake bread. Between the yeast sales and the online videos, she is now reaching a much broader audience, no longer limited by her ability to deliver physical products in person.

Another entrepreneur and LIFE Project member, Emine Yalçın Aka, runs a kombucha business in Mersin, Turkey. Before COVID-19 hit, she was selling only the finished product, but now she has pivoted to selling homebrew kombucha kits. This has enabled her to expand her market dramatically, as she can now reach customers throughout Turkey. She is also spreading the word through Instagram, and has found a sense of meaning in delivering a healthy product during the pandemic.

Mounting Fears About the Reliability of the Food System

In these uncertain times rife with supply chain disruptions, consumers are putting a premium on trusted, reliable sources and suppliers they know. This has boosted the business of another LIFE Project entrepreneur, Fatimah Alkhedr, a Syrian refugee in Mersin who has seen growth in her dairy business since the crisis hit. She has doubled her sales of ghee, cheese and yogurt because she sells direct, and her loyal customers are spreading the word to their friends. She also has a direct line to a reliable supplier of the milk. "The natural milk allows her to produce distinguished products in a time where people are not being able to trust other sources than the ones they already know or that are recommended by an acquaintance of theirs," said Nour Akkad, coordinator for the LIFE Project in Mersin from the Center for International Private Enterprise (CIPE).

Demand for Meals from Health Care Workers

The spike in critically ill victims of the COVID-19 pandemic has overwhelmed the emergency responders and health care workers who toil on the front lines. And though it hasn't gotten the attention of some of the other health care challenges related to this crisis, a lack of food has complicated this response. Hospitals have been unprepared to feed their staff members - doctors, nurses, cleaners - as regular meal services were curtailed. City ambulance services have had no way to find meals for paramedics and drivers, as social distancing has forced the shutdown of most restaurants and food services in major cities.

However, this food shortage has also led to opportunity for nimble entrepreneurs. In Baltimore, Maryland, Mera Kitchen Collective, a cooperative founded by refugees, realized that its revenue from hosting pop-up dinners would plummet as the pandemic precluded large events. The collective put out a call for people in need of meals, and the response has been huge - including from health care workers, out-of-work parents, and those serving school children who no longer have ready access to daily meals. Mera co-founder Aishah Alfadhalah, a refugee from Syria, recruited a fellow compatriot and a member of the collective, Chef Iman Alshehab (the former executive chef of the Four Seasons in Damascus) to prepare dinners for hospital staff and families in need. The group has also started a GoFundMe page to pay their chefs and to purchase supplies and packaging. Alfadhalah says that the resilience her business has shown is part of every refugee's DNA. As she recently told Thrillist: "Refugees who have been so close to death understand why it's important to preserve each other and reduce suffering where you can."

The Migrant Kitchen in New York City has executed a similar pivot. A social impact-focused catering company that trains and hires immigrants, migrants and undocumented workers in commercial cooking, it had built a successful business selling its dishes in workspaces like WeWork. Once these spaces closed due to the pandemic, however, the market dried up. Migrant Kitchen realized it would have to lay off its work force unless it could find another way to support its business. So co-founder Nasser Jaber and his team decided to use their kitchens and their food to help hospital workers in New York. They created a nonprofit for the initiative and started a GoFundMe campaign. With the funds they raised, they re-hired their staff and had them cook for the health care workers.

Jaber, a member of the LIFE Project Advisory Council, also reached out to the Muslim community. He knew the start of Ramadan in late April would bring demand for Halal meals, specifically for Iftar dinners served at the end of the daily fast at sunset. With so many people unable to get to family Iftar dinners, Jaber saw a way to help this community. So the Migrant Kitchen partnered with World Central Kitchen - the humanitarian organization started by Chef Jose Andres - to provide Halal meals throughout the month of Ramadan. These efforts have also helped keep many of the company's chefs employed at a time when people are not using daily food services. Being able to respond quickly, create new opportunities, and still continue to pay their staff underscores the resilience of entrepreneurs like Jaber in the face of a global pandemic that has left many food service businesses in ruins.

In conclusion: From Crisis to Opportunity

Crises spawn new opportunities - internationally and in the United States. Entrepreneurs who are able to identify and act on these opportunities have demonstrated the power of a positive mindset in the entrepreneurial journey. (In fact, "mindset" is the first of the "M's" in WDI's 6M Entrepreneurship Development Model.) Selin Eker, another LIFE Project member from Turkey who successfully pivoted her bread business in the crisis, embodies this power. As she put it, "The fact that I was very fast to adapt did me well. I set out with the logic of creating opportunity arising from the current crisis, and I can say that the process of staying at home and doing more research and development is good for me."

Resilience also plays a key role, especially among many of the LIFE Project entrepreneurs who are refugees. Consider the background of Fatimah Alkhedr, the dairy entrepreneur mentioned above: She fled from Syria to Jordan with her children after losing her husband. Afterwards, she lost her brother and father in a car accident. She struggled with daily tasks, like feeding her children. When she finally was able to function again, she started a business in Jordan selling dairy products to other refugees. She then moved to Mersin, Turkey and re-started the business there. This situation - her harrowing journey from Syria via Jordan to Turkey - would have defeated many. But Alkhedr found the strength to go on. She's using that resilience to help her business thrive in difficult conditions.

These examples of entrepreneurs stepping up to the unique demands of the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey and the United States demonstrate the importance of seizing new opportunities. Even in the face of adversity, there is still a strong human need to serve others - and specifically to use food as a means of communication and a universal language of trust.
is the vice president of Education at the William Davidson Institute and the Founder of WDI's Entrepreneurship Development Center. Johanna Mendelson Forman is a distinguished fellow at the Stimson Center and an Adjunct Professor at the School of International Service of American University in Washington, D.C. Photos courtesy of the LIFE Project.

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Keeping Food on the Table During COVID-19: How Refugee Entrepreneurs Have Stayed Afloat - and Thrown a Lifeline to Others - NextBillion

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Guest Articles Editor's note: This article is part of NextBillion's series "Enterprise in the Time of Coronavirus," which explores how the business and development sectors are responding to the pandemic. For news updates and analysis, virtual events, and links to useful resources related to the COVID-19 crisis, check out our coronavirus resource page.

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Cisarua Refugee Learning Centre (CRLC): The first refugee established and managed school in Indonesia, and it inspired a refugee-led education revolution. In 2014, a small group of refugees knew that education is a human right and decided to start a school for their children. The men were scared to risk their ‘refugee status’, so women volunteered as teachers. The CRLC is entirely run by volunteer refugees and teaches over 200 students aged from 5 to 65. Its approach has been followed by at least 10 other refugee-led schools and there are now over 1800 refugees receiving education at refugee-led education centres in Indonesia.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Cisarua Refugee Learning Centre | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: Muzafar Ali Email: Website: https://cisarualearning.com/ Facebook: cisaruarefugeelearningcentre The Cisarua Refugee Learning Centre (CRLC) is the first refugee established and managed school in Indonesia, and it inspired a refugee-led education revolution. In 2014, a small group of refugees knew that education is a human right and decided to start a school for their children.

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Techfugees is a global organisation aimed at the empowerment of displaced people through technology. Techfugees Toronto is launching The Housing Network Pilot Project this summer in collaboration with the Toronto-based refugee settlement organization, Romero House.

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Mera Kitchen Collective: A cooperative founded by refugees, realized that its revenue from hosting pop-up dinners would plummet as the pandemic precluded large events. The collective put out a call for people in need of meals, including from health care workers, out-of-work parents, and those serving school children who no longer have ready access to daily meals. Mera co-founder Aishah Alfadhalah, a refugee from Syria, recruited a fellow compatriot and a member of the collective, Chef Iman Alshehab (the former executive chef of the Four Seasons in Damascus) to prepare dinners for hospital staff and families in need. The group has also started a GoFundMe page to pay their chefs and to purchase supplies and packaging.

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Guest Articles
Editor's note: This article is part of NextBillion's series "Enterprise in the Time of Coronavirus," which explores how the business and development sectors are responding to the pandemic. For news updates and analysis, virtual events, and links to useful resources related to the COVID-19 crisis, check out our coronavirus resource page.
The COVID-19 crisis has hit the food sector particularly hard, upending traditional business models and disrupting supply chains. The challenges facing these businesses have far-reaching implications - not only for the enterprises themselves, but also for the people they supply with food during the pandemic-induced lockdown. Fortunately, many of these businesses are responding to these disruptions with creativity and innovation, enabling them to continue delivering food, maintaining supply chains, supporting workers' livelihoods - and helping to feed society during these unprecedented times.

Below, we'll discuss three key developments engendered by the crisis that are allowing nimble food sector entrepreneurs to pivot to new business models that can help them weather these challenges.

A Growing Interest in Preparing Foods at Home

The pandemic has brought with it a growing interest in baking, particularly bread baking. Some food entrepreneurs are leveraging this trend to branch out into new products. For instance, Nadide Yildirim is a Turkish entrepreneur based in Instanbul and a recent participant in the LIFE Project, a U.S. State Department-funded program that supports entrepreneurship, job creation and cross-cultural engagement in the food sector in Turkey. The William Davidson Institute (WDI) developed a comprehensive entrepreneurship training curriculum for the LIFE Project, drawing on its 6M Entrepreneurship Development Model. At the onset of the crisis, Yildirim started selling yeast on Instagram with the tagline "Stay at home, make your own bread." Through these sales, she was able to expand her business beyond Istanbul.

Yildirim also created a new promotional strategy with videos on how to bake bread. Between the yeast sales and the online videos, she is now reaching a much broader audience, no longer limited by her ability to deliver physical products in person.

Another entrepreneur and LIFE Project member, Emine Yalçın Aka, runs a kombucha business in Mersin, Turkey. Before COVID-19 hit, she was selling only the finished product, but now she has pivoted to selling homebrew kombucha kits. This has enabled her to expand her market dramatically, as she can now reach customers throughout Turkey. She is also spreading the word through Instagram, and has found a sense of meaning in delivering a healthy product during the pandemic.

Mounting Fears About the Reliability of the Food System

In these uncertain times rife with supply chain disruptions, consumers are putting a premium on trusted, reliable sources and suppliers they know. This has boosted the business of another LIFE Project entrepreneur, Fatimah Alkhedr, a Syrian refugee in Mersin who has seen growth in her dairy business since the crisis hit. She has doubled her sales of ghee, cheese and yogurt because she sells direct, and her loyal customers are spreading the word to their friends. She also has a direct line to a reliable supplier of the milk. "The natural milk allows her to produce distinguished products in a time where people are not being able to trust other sources than the ones they already know or that are recommended by an acquaintance of theirs," said Nour Akkad, coordinator for the LIFE Project in Mersin from the Center for International Private Enterprise (CIPE).

Demand for Meals from Health Care Workers

The spike in critically ill victims of the COVID-19 pandemic has overwhelmed the emergency responders and health care workers who toil on the front lines. And though it hasn't gotten the attention of some of the other health care challenges related to this crisis, a lack of food has complicated this response. Hospitals have been unprepared to feed their staff members - doctors, nurses, cleaners - as regular meal services were curtailed. City ambulance services have had no way to find meals for paramedics and drivers, as social distancing has forced the shutdown of most restaurants and food services in major cities.

However, this food shortage has also led to opportunity for nimble entrepreneurs. In Baltimore, Maryland, Mera Kitchen Collective, a cooperative founded by refugees, realized that its revenue from hosting pop-up dinners would plummet as the pandemic precluded large events. The collective put out a call for people in need of meals, and the response has been huge - including from health care workers, out-of-work parents, and those serving school children who no longer have ready access to daily meals. Mera co-founder Aishah Alfadhalah, a refugee from Syria, recruited a fellow compatriot and a member of the collective, Chef Iman Alshehab (the former executive chef of the Four Seasons in Damascus) to prepare dinners for hospital staff and families in need. The group has also started a GoFundMe page to pay their chefs and to purchase supplies and packaging. Alfadhalah says that the resilience her business has shown is part of every refugee's DNA. As she recently told Thrillist: "Refugees who have been so close to death understand why it's important to preserve each other and reduce suffering where you can."

The Migrant Kitchen in New York City has executed a similar pivot. A social impact-focused catering company that trains and hires immigrants, migrants and undocumented workers in commercial cooking, it had built a successful business selling its dishes in workspaces like WeWork. Once these spaces closed due to the pandemic, however, the market dried up. Migrant Kitchen realized it would have to lay off its work force unless it could find another way to support its business. So co-founder Nasser Jaber and his team decided to use their kitchens and their food to help hospital workers in New York. They created a nonprofit for the initiative and started a GoFundMe campaign. With the funds they raised, they re-hired their staff and had them cook for the health care workers.

Jaber, a member of the LIFE Project Advisory Council, also reached out to the Muslim community. He knew the start of Ramadan in late April would bring demand for Halal meals, specifically for Iftar dinners served at the end of the daily fast at sunset. With so many people unable to get to family Iftar dinners, Jaber saw a way to help this community. So the Migrant Kitchen partnered with World Central Kitchen - the humanitarian organization started by Chef Jose Andres - to provide Halal meals throughout the month of Ramadan. These efforts have also helped keep many of the company's chefs employed at a time when people are not using daily food services. Being able to respond quickly, create new opportunities, and still continue to pay their staff underscores the resilience of entrepreneurs like Jaber in the face of a global pandemic that has left many food service businesses in ruins.

In conclusion: From Crisis to Opportunity

Crises spawn new opportunities - internationally and in the United States. Entrepreneurs who are able to identify and act on these opportunities have demonstrated the power of a positive mindset in the entrepreneurial journey. (In fact, "mindset" is the first of the "M's" in WDI's 6M Entrepreneurship Development Model.) Selin Eker, another LIFE Project member from Turkey who successfully pivoted her bread business in the crisis, embodies this power. As she put it, "The fact that I was very fast to adapt did me well. I set out with the logic of creating opportunity arising from the current crisis, and I can say that the process of staying at home and doing more research and development is good for me."

Resilience also plays a key role, especially among many of the LIFE Project entrepreneurs who are refugees. Consider the background of Fatimah Alkhedr, the dairy entrepreneur mentioned above: She fled from Syria to Jordan with her children after losing her husband. Afterwards, she lost her brother and father in a car accident. She struggled with daily tasks, like feeding her children. When she finally was able to function again, she started a business in Jordan selling dairy products to other refugees. She then moved to Mersin, Turkey and re-started the business there. This situation - her harrowing journey from Syria via Jordan to Turkey - would have defeated many. But Alkhedr found the strength to go on. She's using that resilience to help her business thrive in difficult conditions.

These examples of entrepreneurs stepping up to the unique demands of the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey and the United States demonstrate the importance of seizing new opportunities. Even in the face of adversity, there is still a strong human need to serve others - and specifically to use food as a means of communication and a universal language of trust.
is the vice president of Education at the William Davidson Institute and the Founder of WDI's Entrepreneurship Development Center. Johanna Mendelson Forman is a distinguished fellow at the Stimson Center and an Adjunct Professor at the School of International Service of American University in Washington, D.C. Photos courtesy of the LIFE Project.

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Keeping Food on the Table During COVID-19: How Refugee Entrepreneurs Have Stayed Afloat - and Thrown a Lifeline to Others - NextBillion

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Guest Articles Editor's note: This article is part of NextBillion's series "Enterprise in the Time of Coronavirus," which explores how the business and development sectors are responding to the pandemic. For news updates and analysis, virtual events, and links to useful resources related to the COVID-19 crisis, check out our coronavirus resource page.

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Yemeni displaced women produce masks to support their families. Training and materials are provided by the UNHCR.

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Le HCR, l'Agence des Nations Unies pour les réfugiés on LinkedIn: #réfugiés #coronavirus #Covid

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💪😷 Fabriquer des masques aide ces femmes yéménites déplacées à améliorer leur situation économique https://bit.ly/2ApPjTb #réfugiés #coronavirus #Covid...

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Sesc São Paulo - Administração Regional do Estado de São Paulo: In São Paulo, UNHCR has been partnering with the institution Sesc São Paulo and the Municipal Secretary of Education to promote trainings for public teachers that aims to promote a closer contact with the realities of refugees.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by
Sesc São Paulo - Administração Regional do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil
Country
Brazil, South America
Duration
June 2018 - November 2019
Description
Complementary initiatives on education have been one of the focus (and challenges to be faced) by the UNHCR offices in Brazil. Education evokes commitment and engagement to be sustained in long term projects in order to produce effective results to refugees and asylum seekers living in the country. In São Paulo, UNHCR has been partnering with the institution Sesc São Paulo and the Municipal Secretary of Education to promote trainings for public teachers that aims to promote a closer contact with the realities of refugees.

As a result, refugee issues are incorporated in public policies and diverse educative material sare produced according to the reality of each school. In 2019 a complementary project was implemented which focused on professionals and volunteers that are teaching Portuguese to refugees, when a national conference was set up to share the good practices on related topics such as methodology, uses of technologies, pedagogic materials, and social cases as best practices.

In addition, UNHCR holds a partnership with the NGO IKMR which provides extra curriculum activities and pedagogical support for over 150 refugee children in São Paulo.

Main activities of the Good Practice

Regarding the project Human Refuges, the institution Sesc Sao Paulo, in partnership with UNHCR and the Municipal Secretary of Education, has been implementing the project since 2016. In the first couple of years, the project attended one specific site of the city which held the most refugee population, working on the sensibilization of teachers on the topics related to refugees and their integration in the schools.

In 2018 the project was amplified to attend three different areas of the city as a result of a mapping plan that identified the main needs of education formation on refugee issues. In the present year, the project has been implemented in six different areas, reaching more than 500 professors. With the objective to provide public teachers information on refugee's situation, the challenges they face and ways to deal with refugees´ children in the schools, the project holds the participation of refugees in its pedagogical process and plays a key role on the integration of this specific target group.

It also influences the upper hierarchies of the schools (directors) and the municipal secretary professionals (who became aware of some difficulties refugee children face in the schools, such as discrimination).

Partners

UNHCR Brazil

The Municipal Secretary of Education

Challenges and how they were overcome
Challenges
As challenges to be faced, the following topics are real issues:

Financial support to compile all the existent materials that are individually produced

To evaluate the projects implemented after the workshops in order to provide a closer advisory and share the achievements within the groups

To expand the project outside São Paulo city, attending other municipalities there are dealing with the influx of Venezuelans

To make possible the workshops to be transmitted online and to have a digital library that could be consulted for other interested professors

To reach the secondary education as the existent project was built to face the main issues of the first year's education

To provoke the academia and researches to be aware of the project in order to produce articles and thesis on the existent content

How they were overcome
UNHCR has been addressing the challenges by its advocacy capacity to incorporate public institutions and articulate with different audiences (such as the media, academia, NGOs, policy makers and refugees themselves) in order to expand the project and consolidate a systematic approach to achieve practical and effective results.

Results of the Good Practice

As results of the project Human Refuges, the following topics can be described:

Diffusion and exchange of knowledge related to the development and expansion of democratic principles of peaceful coexistence and guarantee of rights:

Consolidation of an effective practice on teacher´s formation on a topic of their interest

Content updates that are frequently adapted to each school reality

Sensitization of directors and agents of the municipal secretary of education

Production of diverse lesson plans that are shared and applied in several public schools

Outreach of the regional limit as one professor attends regularly more than three different schools

Income for refugees as they are hired to be part of the entirely construction of the project

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Human Refuge: Working with São Paulo's teachers to better welcome refugees into their schools | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by Sesc São Paulo - Administração Regional do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil Country Brazil, South America Duration June 2018 - November 2019 Description Complementary initiatives on education have been one of the focus (and challenges to be faced) by the UNHCR offices in Brazil.

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Association Marocaine d’Appui à la Promotion de la Petite Entreprise (AMAPPE): Facilitate the self-sufficiency of urban refugees in Morocco through access to employment, the setting up of income-generating activities and the promotion of vocational training.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: M. Abdelkader Ftouhi,Association Marocaine d'Appui à la Promotion de la Petite Entreprise (AMAPPE)
Social: facebook.com/Amappe1991/ Country
Introduction to the project
Duration
Maroc
Description
Janvier 2007 - En cours
Project aims
Faciliter l'autosuffisance des réfugiés urbains au Maroc par l'accès à l'emploi, le montage d'activités génératrices de revenus et la promotion de la formation professionnelle.
Resources used
Le projet de partenariat avec l'Association Marocaine d'Appui à la Promotion de la Petite Entreprise (AMAPPE) a pour objectif principal d'apporter une meilleure assistance aux réfugiés pour devenir autonomes et indépendants en bénéficiant du savoir-faire et de l'expertise de l'AMAPPE dans l'appui à la création des microprojets, l'accompagnement pour la création d'entreprises coopératives, l'accompagnement vers l'insertion professionnelle, et la facilitation de l'accès aux formations professionnelles.

Les considérations relatives à l'âge, au genre et à la diversité guident tous les aspects du travail du HCR et de ses partenaires. L'objectif principal de la politique sur l'âge, le genre et la diversité (AGD) est de garantir que les personnes relevant de notre compétence peuvent jouir de leurs droits sur un même pied d'égalité et participent utilement aux décisions qui affectent leur vie et celle des membres de leur famille ainsi que celle de leur communauté.

Il faut souligner que la dimension du genre a été intégrée dans l'élaboration de la Stratégie Nationale de l'Immigration et d'Asile (SNIA), qui a accordé une importance primordiale aux femmes, notamment au niveau des programmes sectoriels formation professionnelle et emploi, vu que ces dernières constituent une part significative et croissante des migrants et que leur vulnérabilité et les risques qu'elles encourent en matière d'exploitation peuvent être accentués davantage en cas de manque d'accès aux services de base, notamment l'emploi.

Aussi, l'évolution du cadre juridique en matière d'accès des étrangers à l'emploi offre des perspectives pour les migrants et les réfugiés, notamment en matière d'auto-emploi : accès des migrants au statut d'auto-entrepreneur, mise en application de la loi n°112-12 sur les coopératives qui a permis d'appliquer les procédures de création des coopératives aux étrangers au même titre que les Marocains.

En effet, les programmes d'aide à l'insertion professionnelle dont peuvent bénéficier les migrants régularisés et les réfugiés au Maroc sont d'une grande importance. Un de ces programme est le programme TAHFIZ d'incitation à l'emploi - conformément aux orientations stratégiques de la SNIA et suite aux recommandations de la Commission Interministérielle des Affaires des Marocains Résidant à l'Etranger et des Affaires de la Migration, tenue le 18 décembre 2015.Ce programme comporte des dispositifs au profit des entreprises, associations ou coopératives créées durant la période allant du 1er janvier 2015 au 31 décembre 2022.

Partners

Agence Nationale de Promotion de l'Emploi et des Compétences (ANAPEC)

Office Du Développement De La Coopération (ODCO)

Challenges:
Challenges and how they were overcome

Tout d'abord, il faut souligner l'importance de la nouvelle politique d'immigration et d'asile ayant permis l'accès des migrants et des réfugiés à la formation professionnelle, à l'auto emploi et ayant constitué un progrès notable dans les réalisations de la Stratégie nationale d'immigration et d'asile.

Néanmoins, des efforts devront être poursuivis en matière d'information, de communication et de mise en place de dispositifs d'orientation et de référencement des migrants et des réfugiés vers les structures concernées, nous citons à titre d'exemple:
How they were overcome:

L'organisation davantage de sessions de sensibilisation et de formations sur l'entrepreneuriat et sur les programmes d'aide à l'insertion professionnelle dont peuvent bénéficier les migrants régularisés et les réfugiés au Maroc dont le programme TAHFIZ.

La mobilisation et la sensibilisation des institutions de micro-crédit pour le financement des activités génératrices de revenus et la création des entreprises par les migrants et les réfugiés.

Le développement de nouveaux partenariats pour diversifier les offres de formation et mettre en place des mécanismes d'accompagnement pour assurer un meilleur suivi des formations au profit des migrants et réfugiés.

Ce programme, démarré en janvier 2007, représente une première au Maroc, étant donné que depuis 2018, le projet a pu faire bénéficier le secteur public marocain de l'expérience que le HCR a pu gagner avec le Programme PISERUMA.

Le projet a pour objectif de former le personnel de l'ANAPEC et l'ODCO travaillant sur les dix villes principales où habite le plus grand nombre des réfugiés au Maroc, à savoir Rabat, Casablanca, Oujda, Kenitra, Tanger, Meknès, Tétouan, Fès, Agadir et Marrakech.

A la suite de cette formation, les réfugiés sont référés aux services de l'ANAPEC et de l'ODCO à travers le HCR et ses partenaires pour finalement arriver à une situation où les réfugiés feront appel à l'ANAPEC et l'ODCO de façon régulière pour recevoir une assistance adaptée à leurs besoins dans une optique d'auto-génération de revenus ou d'auto-entreprises et coopératives.

Avec un appui continu visant à développer des projets d'entreprenariat et des coopératives, le HCR a pour objectif l'amélioration de l'autosuffisance de 240 réfugiés au Maroc. La collaboration d'une durée de 24 mois du HCR avec l'ANAPEC et l'ODCO permettra également à ces deux établissements en tant qu'organismes publiques pour l'emploi et l'auto-emploi au Maroc, d'améliorer leurs capacités pour faciliter avec succès l'accompagnement des réfugiés en situation de vulnérabilité, disposant d'acquis professionnels et de savoirs, dans une optique d'auto-génération de revenus ou d'autoentreprises et coopératives.

Results of the Good Practice
How the project meets the GCR Objectives
A travers ce programme, ainsi qu'à travers la coordination avec les autres partenaires œuvrant pour une meilleure vie au profit des réfugiés urbains, l'AMAPPE continuera à participer activement à la réussite de la mission de l'UNHCR au Maroc. Cette participation sera effective à travers la participation aux différents espaces de concertation mis en place par l'UNHCR. Les réunions mensuelles de coordination avec les différents partenaires, les échanges de concertation autour de certains cas individuels ainsi que les réunions du comité de pilotage des actions communautaires resteront des espaces privilégiés d'échange et de partage inter-partenaires.

Objectif 1: atténuer les pressions sur les pays d'accueil

Partage de la charge notamment par l'intégration socio-économique des réfugiés via le programme d'insertion socio-économique des réfugiés urbains au Maroc, qui est un exemple de bonne pratique, de partage de la charge et des responsabilités.

Objectif 2: Renforcer l'autosuffisance des réfugiés

Autonomisation par la création d'entreprises : le projet proposé par l'Association Marocaine d'Appui à la Promotion de la Petite Entreprise (AMAPPE) a pour objectif principal d'accompagner les réfugiés dans la creation des activités génératrices de revenu.

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Programme d'insertion socio-économique des réfugiés urbains au Maroc | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Submitted by: M. Abdelkader Ftouhi,Association Marocaine d'Appui à la Promotion de la Petite Entreprise (AMAPPE) Social: facebook.com/Amappe1991/ Country Duration Maroc Description Janvier 2007 - En cours Project aims Faciliter l'autosuffisance des réfugiés urbains au Maroc par l'accès à l'emploi, le montage d'activités génératrices de revenus et la promotion de la formation professionnelle.

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Queer Sisterhood Project: Psycho-social support, individual advocacy, training and education for LGBTIQ asylum-seeking and refugee women in person and online.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by
Queer Sisterhood Project
Country
Australia
Duration
2017-Present
Description
Queer Sisterhood Project is a refugee-led project aimed to provide support to LGBTIQ asylum-seeking and refugee women in Australia. This is the first Australian project to directly and specifically engage with LGBTIQ asylum-seeking and refugee women.

The project is run by LGBTIQ refugees for LGBTIQ refugees.

VIDEO: Being Queer and Refugee Project aims

Support and empower LGBTIQ asylum-seeking and refugee women.

Address and meet protection needs of LGBTIQ asylum-seeking and refugee women.

Support host communities through enhancing their knowledge of the plight of LGBTIQ asylum seekers and refugees.

Resources used
Resources used include material (access to venues for meetings for instance, that is given to us pro-bono by a partner organisation) and financial (associated costs).

Partners

LGBTIQ youth community organisation

The Australian National University

Challenges and how they were overcome

LGBTIQ asylum seekers and refugees experience additional challenges and specific protection needs. Often because of the lifelong persecution, discrimination and violence inflicted by authority figures and society, LGBTIQ asylum seekers and refugees remain cautious and discreet. An initial challenge with setting up the project was to get access to this group.

This challenge was overcome by allowing more time to build trust. Partnerships with an LGBTIQ youth community organisation gave a safe space for monthly meeting without the fear for members to be outed.

Results of the Good Practice

Refugee-led support is provided to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex and queer (LGBTIQ) asylum-seeking and refugee women that is developed in partnership with refugees, delivered through the age, gender and diversity approach and meets protection needs of this group.

Opportunities for meaningful participation for LGBTIQ asylum-seeking and refugee women are provided including through co-creation and co-design of educational materials for host communities.

Host community's knowledge about specific protection needs of LGBTIQ refugee women are enhanced through organisation of conferences, facilitation of training and development of education resources.

Convening the first Australian conference on the issues of LGBTIQ asylum, Queer Displacements: Sexuality, Migration and Exile.

Launching a video about the lived experiences of LGBTIQ asylum-seeking and refugee women aimed to raise awareness of host communities.

How the project meets the GCR Objectives
Objective 1: Ease the pressures on host countries

The Queer Sisterhood Project engages with host communities to ease pressure. We provide information and training in order to foster good relations and enhance understanding of the specific protection needs of LGBTQI refugees and asylum seekers.

This work includes development of brochures and videos as well as organising events. For example, in November 2019, we are organising the first Australian conference on the issues of LGBTIQ asylum to foster dialogues and whole of society approaches in finding solutions and responding to protection needs of LGBTIQ refugees. This conference brings together academics, policy makers, service providers and LGBTIQ asylum seekers and refugees. At this conference, LGBTIQ asylum seekers and refugees will comprise 1/3 of all speakers, to exemplify our efforts to ensure meaningful participation.

Objective 2: Enhance refugee self-reliance

The Project also enhances refugee self-reliance by enabling and empowering women to participate in social life, strengthen their agency and heal from the experiences of SGBV.

We provide psycho-social support, individual advocacy as well as training and education for LGBTIQ asylum-seeking and refugee women in person and online (for example on sexual and reproductive health, career advice and job search, access to education and general wellbeing). We also offer referrals to relevant services to ensure that their needs are met.

An intersection of gender, sexual orientation and refugee status creates specific protection needs. For example, many LGBTIQ asylum seeking and refugee women in the project have experienced detention, sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) or forced marriage. For these reasons we made a decision to only work with women to ensure that we are providing safer spaces to discuss those particular experiences.

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Queer Sisterhood Project: Refugee-led support of LGBTIQ refugee women | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Implemented by Queer Sisterhood Project Country Australia Duration 2017-Present Description Queer Sisterhood Project is a refugee-led project aimed to provide support to LGBTIQ asylum-seeking and refugee women in Australia. This is the first Australian project to directly and specifically engage with LGBTIQ asylum-seeking and refugee women.

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he ‘Türkiye Scholarships’ program aims to facilitate access to tertiary education by granting scholarships, payment of tuitions and provision of advanced level Turkish language courses for Syrian students under temporary protection in Turkey.

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The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Name and position of contact person: Aylin Yıldız - Project Expert at the Presidency for Turks Abroad and Related Communities (YTB)

Twitter: @yurtdisiturkler

Introduction to the project
Country/region
Turkey
Duration
Ongoing for six years
Description
With around 3.6 million people, Turkey is home to the largest Syrian refugee population which had to flee their country after the break of civil war. The Presidency for Turks Abroad and Related Communities (YTB) works specifically in the higher education sector of Turkey and plays a significant role in building community resilience among Syrian youth, by responding with an effective and exemplary way in responding to the education needs in emergent and protracted refugee situations.

To facilitate access to tertiary education, YTB has utilized many tools including, but not limited to, granting scholarships, payment of tuitions and provision of advanced level Turkish language courses. The 'Türkiye Scholarships' program, provided by YTB on behalf of the Turkish Government, offers unique educational experiences in the most prestigious Turkish universities for Syrian students under temporary protection in Turkey. In this context, scholarships offered by YTB have influenced the prospects of young individuals, especially of young women, and have served as a tool of social inclusion in the host country.

In line with the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations, YTB has ensured an inclusive and equitable quality education opportunity for the Syrian community and significantly contributed to the achievement of 7 per cent higher education enrollment rate in Turkey while the accession rate in tertiary education for refugees worldwide remains only at 1 per cent.

Main Activities of the Good Practice

YTB acts as an exemplary model in the promotion of access to higher education. This model is exercised through a variety of useful practices in the form of tuition fee coverage, language training courses and all-inclusive scholarships for students under temporary protection in Turkey.

Within this context, it is important to note that YTB covers tuition fees of Syrian students in Turkey to facilitate accession to higher education programs. Moreover, using its most important instrument in the provision of higher education opportunities for international students, YTB has significantly utilized "Türkiye Scholarships" in response to the needs of Syrian youth. In this regard, "Türkiye Scholarships" have provided Syrian students with an all-inclusive package of university/program placement, tuition fee, health insurance, accommodation, monthly stipend and a year-long Turkish language course. Since 2012, 5,172 Syrian students have benefited from Türkiye Scholarships.

Since 2013, YTB has also been providing Turkish language courses up to C1 level, which is a requirement for foreign students to be able to enroll in Turkish universities. YTB has also benefitted from collaborating with UNHCR to increase and facilitate enrollment. Within this cooperation, 14,758 bursars have been granted language scholarships since 2013.

Additionally, YTB has taken efforts to explore the potential of financing mechanisms and instruments to mobilize international funding on tertiary education. In this regard, HOPES, DAFI and HESP programs have facilitated the access of 1,259 students to higher education programs. From 2019, students were also supported by 40 academic advisors assigned in Turkish universities hosting the largest number of Syrian students to increase retention in higher education.

Partners

Challenges and how they were overcome

YTB recognizes that language is the greatest barrier for Syrian students seeking higher education opportunities. The most common challenge for Syrian students in pursuing academic studies is to demonstrate a sufficient level of proficiency in Turkish language, since Turkish is the medium of instruction in most universities. Therefore, language preparation courses towards degree programs are designed to develop academic language proficiency.

Furthermore, academic advisors are assigned in order to increase the retention of students. The advisors are intended to be the first point of contact of all Syrian students. With the support of advisors, sociocultural problems and academic conditions of the students are followed-up. Reasons for failure during academic studies are addressed and solutions are developed.

With regards to the interaction of Syrian students with the host community, students are also diversified across provinces with different universities and degree programs. The student's place of residence is also taken into consideration to provide easier access to the educational institutions.

Results of the Good Practice

The number of Syrian students studying at the undergraduate and graduate levels in Turkey exceeded 27,000 students as of 2019. Among the Syrian youth, there is a high demand of post-secondary education reflected in the large number of applications to "Türkiye Scholarships". By 2019, the number of applications of Syrian youth to the Türkiye Scholarships reached 20,067 applicants.

Since 2012, YTB has provided scholarships to 14,496 Syrian students, including scholarships from international funds with 3RP partners. Between 2012 and 2018, scholarship provision for Syrian students increased by 18,4%. This good practice by YTB has had a significant impact on the attainment of a 7 per cent higher education enrollment rate among Syrian youth in Turkey, which is considered a commendable result.

Inclusion in the national education system also directly contributes to the self-reliance, resilience and economic prospects of the Syrian students in Turkey.

The good practice has creating opportunities for higher education, while also investing in human capital. Students are equipped with the necessary skills for a meaningful contribution to the labor market. More importantly, graduates of these successful programs are expected to assume active roles in the reconstruction of their country in the future. YTB strives for high levels of enrollment in tertiary education for the attainment of qualified human resources which would eventually engage in Syria's rebuilding process.

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Higher Education for Syrian Youth | The Global Compact on Refugees | Digital platform

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Name and position of contact person: Aylin Yıldız - Project Expert at the Presidency for Turks Abroad and Related Communities (YTB) Twitter: @yurtdisiturkler Country/region Turkey Duration Ongoing for six years Description With around 3.6 million people, Turkey is home to the largest Syrian refugee population which had to flee their country after the break of civil war.

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Over the last 5 years, the African Entrepreneur Collective has worked with more than 14.000 entrepreneurs, aiming to meet the objectives of the Global Compact on Refugees to ease pressure on host countries and enhance refugee self-reliance. These women are driving economic growth, improving livelihoods, and creating jobs in refugee communities.

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In Rmayleh (40km south of Beirut), the program “Fratelli” brings socio-educational activities and vocational training to children and young people. A special education program is offered for those children who are school dropouts and have lost academic time because of the war and forced to move.

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Fondazione Marista per la Solidarietà Internazionale ONLUS

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LEBANON Fratelli Project In Rmeileh, 40kms south of Beirut, there is a school known as "Les Frères". It was built and managed by the Marist Brothers until the Lebanese civil war, when it was occupied and used as a military headquarter. After the war, the building has been neglected for many years.

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Kutupalong Refugee Camp, Cox's Bazar - Teknaf Highway, Bangladesh

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Kutupalong Refugee Camp, Cox's Bazar - Teknaf Highway, Bangladesh

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Kutupalong Refugee Camp, Cox's Bazar - Teknaf Highway, Bangladesh

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Rohingya refugees help one another inside the camp amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Le HCR, l'Agence des Nations Unies pour les réfugiés on LinkedIn: #réfugiés #coronavirus #Covid

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🙏💪 Ils luttent contre le Covid-19 dans le plus grand camp de réfugiés au monde https://bit.ly/34lNsM4 #réfugiés #coronavirus #Covid-19...

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The Curing the limbo project aims to connect the refugee population to the active citizens of Athens, in a cyclical exchange system that will also address pressing and recurring city needs.

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The program financed by the IADB will finance the consolidation of single-window systems for qualifying cities to promote migrants' integration and regularization processes and to facilitate user access to urban services. It will also assess urban social integration progress indicators in selected cities, which will help quantify the effects of migration on local economic development.

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The Inter-American Development Bank has approved a 10.2 million euro (US$11.3 million) operation to support the urban integration of migrants' in at least five Colombian cities. The program is being financed by a grant from the European Union's Latin American Investment Fund. The non-reimbursable resources will be transferred to the government of Colombia and the program will be executed by the Empresa Nacional Promotora del Desarrollo Territorial (Territorial Development Promotion Company, ENTerritorio).

The operation's goal is to improve the institutional capability of beneficiary municipalities to help both migrants' and their host communities through the implementation of performance-based management systems. It also aims to foster economic integration into these communities through the creation, enhancement or improvement of workshop schools and increased access to affordable home renting.

Specifically, the program will finance the consolidation of single-window systems for qualifying cities to promote migrants' integration and regularization processes and to facilitate user access to urban services. It will also assess urban social integration progress indicators in selected cities, which will help quantify the effects of migration on local economic development.

In addition, the operation will finance construction or renovation of at least five new workshop schools and provide salary-based grants to some 1,500 local and migrant beneficiaries of between 16 and 39 years of age. This will help offer theoretical-practical training to apprentices in trades with good income-generation prospects.

Lastly, a new Rent Guarantee Fund will help low-income families meet the conditions required to rent decent housing. This component will help some 13,500 migrants' access housing by subsidizing their rental payments over a six-month period. The program complements other efforts being undertaken by the government of Colombia that target exclusively local populations.

Due to the magnitude of the migration inflows to those areas, the operation is focusing at this initial phase on the cities and metropolitan areas of Cúcuta and Villa del Rosario; Riohacha and Maicao; Barranquilla; Medellín and Rionegro. Other cities whose populations include at least 2 percent of migrants' could also be eventually incorporated, subject to the dynamics of Colombia's immigration flows.
About the IDB
The Inter-American Development Bank is devoted to improving lives. Established in 1959, the IDB is a leading source of long-term financing for economic, social and institutional development in Latin America and the Caribbean. The IDB also conducts cutting-edge research and provides policy advice, technical assistance and training to public and private sector clients throughout the region.

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Colombia to foster migrants' urban integration with IDB, EU backing | IADB

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The Inter-American Development Bank has approved a 10.2 million euro (US$11.3 million) operation to support the urban integration of migrants' in at least five Colombian cities. The program is being financed by a grant from the European Union's Latin American Investment Fund.

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Urban Innovative Actions: The MILMA Project aims to achieve the integration between the migrant and local population and labour inclusion of unemployed people.

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HIAS and Universidad Indoamérica: Provide legal and psychological assistance to refugees, through the university's legal and psychological clinic, respectively.

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Culinary training for refugees: Cooking Across Generations: Intergenerational storytelling through food.

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Alameda | Contra Costa | Fresno | Los Angeles | Merced | Orange | Sacramento | San Diego | San Francisco | San Joaquin | Santa Clara | Stanislaus

Alameda County

NARIKA (Domestic violence org)
PO Box 7779
Berkeley, CA 94707
(510) 444-6068
(800) 215-7308 - Hotline
narika@narika.org
www.narika.org

Contra Costa County

Fresno County

Los Angeles County

Catholic Charities, Glendale
Refugee and Immigrant Services
4322 San Fernando Road
Glendale, CA 93106
(818) 409-3080
www.catholiccharitiesla.org/where-we-are/san-fernando-region

Episcopal Diocese of Los Angeles
Interfaith Refugee & Immigration Service (IRIS)
3621 Brunswick Avenue
Los Angeles, CA 90039
(323) 667-0489
iris@ladiocese.org
www.iris.ladiocese.org

Merced County

Orange County

Sacramento County

San Diego County

Arbor E&T/ResCare
1750 Fifth Avenue, 2 nd Floor
San Diego, CA 92101
(619) 321-1800
www.rescare.com

Catholic Charities, San Diego
Refugee Services
4575-A Mission Gorge Place
San Diego, CA 92120
(619) 287-9454
www.ccdsd.org/refugee-services

San Francisco County

Upwardly Global
582 Market Street, Suite 1015
San Francisco, CA 94104
(415) 834-9901
www.upwardlyglobal.org

San Joaquin County

Santa Clara County

Catholic Charities of Santa Clara County
Refugee Resettlement and Refugee Foster Care Services
2625 Zanker Road
San Jose, CA 95134
(408) 468-0100
resettlement@catholiccharitiesscc.org
ccollins@catholiccharitiesscc.org
www.catholiccharitiesscc.org

Next Door Solutions to Domestic Violence
234 E Gish Road, Suite 200
San Jose, CA 95112
(408) 501-7550
(408) 279-2962 - 24/7 Hotline
info@nextdoor.org
www.nextdoor.org

Stanislaus County

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Alameda | Contra Costa | Fresno | Los Angeles | Merced | Orange | Sacramento | San Diego | San Francisco | San Joaquin | Santa Clara | Stanislaus NARIKA (Domestic violence org) PO Box 7779 Berkeley, CA 94707 (510) 444-6068 (800) 215-7308 - Hotline narika@narika.org www.narika.org Catholic Charities, Glendale

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Approaches to protection in urban settings

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Approaches to protection in urban settings

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A catering company founded by two young French entrepreneurs in 2015. The cooking staff are all refugees residing in Paris.

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Traiteur à Paris - Les Cuistots Migrateurs

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Un traiteur à Paris, engagé pour vos réceptions professionnelles et privées. Découvrez des cuisines du monde et des plateaux-repas savoureux, livrés par des chefs réfugiés talentueux !