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Genotype: Particular combination of alleles an organism carries
Phenotype: Includes all physical, physiological, and behavioral
characteristic
Population: A group of individuals of the same species that mate and
produce offspring
Gene Pool: consists of all the genes and the different alleles for each
the gene that is present in a population
Evolution: any change in the relative frequency of alleles in the gene
pool of a population over time
Single gene-trait: Controlled by only one gene.
Genetic Drift: Occurs in small populations when an allele becomes
more or less common simply by chance
Bottleneck Effect: Change in allele frequency following a dramatic
reduction in the size of a population.
Speciation: Formation of a new species
Crossing-over: Homoglous chromosomes exchange DNA

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1.) What do hox genes control? - They control the development of the head to tail axis in embryonic development.
2.) What causes allele frequencies to change in a gene pool during genetic drift? - Chance and randomness
3.)Which features of the finches did Darwin and the Grants study to demonstrate natural selection? - Beak size/shape.
4.) What are the five conditions that must be in effect for Hardy-Weinberg/genetic equilibrium to be fulfilled? No mutations, no gene flow, no natural selection, large population size, and random mating.

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when a species migrates and relocates to a more comfortable location, they reproduce and become a little different than the home species. When the species moves to a new location they reproduce and can adapt to the new area, making subtle to major changes.