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Caravel
a small, fast Spanish or Portuguese sailing ship of the 15th–17th centuries. it was significant because it made trading go faster!

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Caravel a small, fast Spanish or Portuguese sailing ship of the 15th–17th centuries.

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The ecomienda system was a labor system implemented by the Spanish. A Spanish encomendero was granted native laborers who would pay tributes to him in exchange for his protection. The laborers were provided with benefits by the conquerors for whom they labored, the Catholic religion being a principal benefit. In addition to providing resources for the building of empires this also  helped spread catabolism throughout the world.

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Mulatto is a term that originated in Portugal to describe someone who was a mix of European and African. This was significant because it define people and allowed the Europeans to create a social hierarchy.

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a small, fast Spanish or Portuguese sailing ship of the 15th–17th centuries.

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The Fluyt was a fast boat made by the dutch

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A British explorer named Henry Hudson explored Canada and North East US, allowing Britain to colonize the area

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Cartaz was a tax that the Portuguese charged merchants for coming into their trading sites. The tax was usually 6-10% of the cargoes of the incoming vessels. They used the cartaz to control the spice trade in Africa and Asia.

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The British East India company was what the British used as a joint stock that used treaty’s or war to gather land for trading ports and posts. Their significance was that they didn’t like using war to gain land for ports but they preferred using trades or treaty’s or agreements.

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Europe was basically built off ranching economies. Ranching was a efficient way to raise livestock that provided meat, dairy products and materials. This was really important to the economy because it was making them wealthy and smart. -jocelyn

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A chattel slave is an enslaved person who is owned for ever and whose children and children's children are automatically enslaved. Significant because it was the most common practice of slavery in 1400's to 1600's.

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Many of the Dutch immigrated to North America to escape religious persecution. They were known for trading, usually fur, which they got from the Native Americans in exchange for weapons.

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The Atlantic trading system, aka the triangular trade, was a trade between Europe, Africa, and the Americas. Europeans traded manufactured goods and weapons to Africa in exchange for slaves that would be transported to the Americas. It was significant because it connected the Old and New world and supported the popularity of the slave trade. - Sontene

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Mestizo - a man of mixed race, especially one having Spanish and indigenous descent.

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In 1450-1750, The French was in competition with the Dutch and British in the second wave of European colonization. French rulers passed discriminatory laws, and were deeply fragmented by the color of skin, class, and gender by 1750. The French wanted to spread and expand Catholicism. The French colonies purposes were mainly plantations(Produced 40% of the world’s sugar and 60% of the world’s coffee.).

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(Bodhi Etz) The Dutch East Trading Company, also known as VOC, was a large organization that set trading posts inside India with permission of India's rulers. The company used a form of partial ownership or investment, which allowed great financial growth for the company. This company proved its significance by creating jobs and racking in money through trade, but the company also negatively affected some by using forms of coerced labor or forcing Natives out of their land.

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This is an Afro-Caribbean religion that believes that one god created the universe and the world is for less divine people who are known as Orishas. It is important because it is a syncretic religion.

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Charlotte Bennett
Creoles were people of mixed European and black ethnicity. They eventually entered the ruling class

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The significance of the Spanish Philippines there were many colonies in the Philippines. It brought reinforced class differences, princes or datus and other representatives of the old noble class claimed land and maintained their power within the colony. They used taxation, tribute, and unpaid labor to control the economy and had large estates which  Chinese silk was exchanged for Silver. Also, there was a large conversion of Christianity.

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- Was a Trading post empire
-Voyaged
-Wanted to convert all natives to Christianity
-controlled spice trade
Significance:
Christianity was was forced onto natives, and the Porteguese did not want the natives to practice their own religion.

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Brazil was taken over by the Portuguese. It looked very similar to the places Spain took over since there were a lot of churches and similar agriculture. There was also a large African culture in Brazil at the time, and still is.

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The African diaspora was when Africans were dispersed elsewhere from the transoceanic slave trade. From 1500s to 1800s millions of Africans were taken to the Americas and Caribbean. This was important because this caused a long battle for equality of the Africans.

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The sugar colonies were large plantations, that forced labor on African slaves, to grow, harvest & process sugar. A major % of slaves were brought here to work on the plantations, majorly contributing to the trans-atlantic salve trade.

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The term viceroy means an leader/ruler exercising authority in a colony on behalf of a sovereign. This is significant because the Portuguese had colonies in the Americans and had rulers for each of the colonies ruling for the leader of Portugal.

~ Giovanni Sanders

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The French controlled the island of Haiti which was a very wealthy island as it produce large quantities of sugar and coffee by using the labor of enslaved Africans. The significance of this is that these slaves were kidnapped from African and often worked to death. They led to the development of the island and helped the French economy.

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Slaves were being traded here from West Africa, and they would then go into work on plantations

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Fluyt was a boat made by the dutch.

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Mercantilism is the belief in the benefits of profitable trading and commercialism. Europe enjoyed mercantilism because it grew economic wisdom and allowed other colonies to supply more raw materials and resources.

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Christianity from the Europeans was brought over to South America which was then adopted by the people of the Andes mountains to create their own form of Christianity. This new practice of Christianity helped shape people’s views religiously and politically

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The Spanish Americas had many lasting cultural and economical changes that Spain brought when finding the Americas. -Kiani Ortiz

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British North America was significant to the building of empires because it had a motherland, Britain. It was tied to Britain through trade and because they were subjects of the King. These colonies helped to build the Empire of Britain because it meant that they had many more resources, land, and subjects as well as territory all over the world. -Mia Sanders

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Prince Henry the Navigator was significant because under his patronage founded the first colonies and went to regions that were new to Europe. He wasn't a sailor or a navigator but he did sponsor exploration along the West Coast of Africa.

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Hacienda was a form of large landed estate. They created a system called hacienda system to keep people that were in debt working on a piece of land

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Indentured servitude is essentially laborers bound by a contract; they worked without pay for the owner of the indenture for a period of time. Indentured servitude was most common in the plantations of North America. It was a common way for poor Europeans to emigrate  to the Americas. A wealthy plantation owner would often fund the passage of the worker to the New World. After working for the wealthy plantation owner for a number of years the worker would be able to set up a free life for himself in the Americas.

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The Trading Post Empires established controlled trade throughout the Indian Ocean by the Portuguese. By mid 16th century Portuguese merchants had over 50 trading posts between West Africa and East Asia.

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China really wanted silver and Europeans wanted Chinese goods, so China traded with Europeans.

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Constantinople after being conquered by the ottomans turned into Istanbul and became a place with high power. Europe had to find a new route to Asia around this besides through Constantinople.

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The Colombian Exchange affected West Africa beacuse African peoples would be sold and traded as slaves by rivaling kingdoms for Europeans goods.  North and South America as well as the Caribbean were major places that African slaves were sold too.

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The Portuguese finding a way to India for trade

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The Spanish sent Columbus to voyage to find a new trade route. He was successful and claimed the Americas for Spain.

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The king and queen of Spain sponsored Christopher Columbus to go find a new trade route to India. This was because Portugal had discovered a new trade route that allowed them to bypass Constantinople which was occupied by Muslims. Christopher Columbus ended up discovering the Americas, not India.

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The main deportation of enslaved people.

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The African slave trade was center in togo Africa. This played a big roll In the columbine exchange because African slaves were heavily used in the Americas

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The slaves here were in such harsh tradition that the slave owners had to keep getting more slaves as they would not self repopulate unlike in the area of modern day USA.

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Bartolomeu dias sailed around the tip of South Africa(Cape of Good Hope) and discovered a new way to India. Used the Triangular Lateen Sail to get him to India.

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The Europeans and the Natives created a trade for skins. The Natives hunted, skinned, and prepared the skins in exchange for guns and blankets.

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Slaves were brought here and used to produce sugar cane and other crops

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The Spanish King and Queen hired Columbus in order to find a new trade route to Asia, instead he found the Americas. -Sontene

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It became a Muslim state and trade was controlled by Islamic leaders

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Founded in 1350 until falling in 1521, Tenochitilan was a flourishing aztec city with waterways that allowed aztec to travel and trade with other societies in the region.

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The Ottomon Empire conquered Constantinople. It became a Muslim state and trade was controlled by Islamic leaders. Hagia Sophia was turned into a Mosque and European leaders began to find their own trade routes to avoid paying high taxes to the Ottomons.

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1453 - A shift in the balance of power between the East and West.
The conquest of Constantinople forced Europeans to finder their own trade routes to Asia in order to avoid paying high taxes to the Ottomans.

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Aztec Empire
The weapons were made of obsidian and they believed in sacrifices.

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Large-scale production of sugar was produced in Brazil, along the Atlantic coasts, especially in Bahia and Pernambuco. Prices and demands of sugar increased, because was replacing honey in most recipes. Sugar was used as a sweetener in jams, jellies and other popular food products.

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Aztec Empire used sacrifices in their culture.

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The Aztec empire was one of the largest land based empires.

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Capital of Aztec Empire. They believed that they must sacrifice human blood to the god, they were one of the most developed societies with laws. They had many philosophies about death and tributes, and they used obsidian to make their weapons.

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The Aztec Empire was flourishing. They began as hunter-gatherers in N. Mexico before establishing Tenochtitlan and

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Constantinople was here, until it was taken over by the Turks and turned to Istanbul

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This was the capital of the Aztec empire.

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Constantinople is here

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One of the biggest cities was in what is now Mexico City. The most advanced city for its time completely out of touch from the other half of the world (afroeurasia) .

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Capital of Aztec Empire.

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Turkics took over Constantinople and cut off Constantinople from trade from the Silk Road and built mosques. - Giovanni Sanders

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Tenochtitlán, modern day Mexico City, was the capital of the Aztec Empire. - Sontene

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Major source of furs that brought wealth to Russia when they were sold to other European countries. Russia imposed a tax payable in furs.

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The Colombian Exchange started in West Africa where Africans would be traded by other Africans to Europeans for goods. The Africans would then be sold as slaves to the Caribbean and North and South America.

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Mimar Kemalettin, Byzantine Empire, Fatih/İstanbul, Turkey

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Mimar Kemalettin, Byzantine Empire, Fatih/İstanbul, Turkey

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Mimar Kemalettin, Byzantine Empire, Fatih/İstanbul, Turkey

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The Ottomans had taken constantinople, and cut off the rest of europe from the silk road, requiring them to find their own route