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Incidence of depression and suicide have increased and this increase has coincided with the widespread adoption of social media

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Incidence of depression and suicide have increased and this increase has coincided with the widespread adoption of social media

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Social media provides opportunities to receive online social support for certain youth, particularly those who may not readily have access to communities of similar peers. For example, youth identifying as LGBTQ have been shown to be more likely than non-LGBTQ youth to have online friends and to identify these friends as an important source of emotional support.

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US kids under two years old spend an average of 42 min/day in front of screen media

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Exposure to screens begins early in life for many youth, with US children under age two spending an average of 42 minutes per day with screen media

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Concerns:
-	Cybervictimization is associated with higher rates of self-harm and suicidal behavior and internalizing and externalizing problems
-	Social exclusion, online conflict or drama 
-	Access to risky content (i.e. seeing alcohol and substance use) may lead to use and seeing content related to suicide and self-injury may potentially increase suicide risk
-	Social comparison 
-	Displacement (ex. Impact on sleep)

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40% of adolescents report using a mobile device within 5 minutes of going to sleep--this can be disruptive to sleep hygiene, an important component of mental health at this age

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Rapid development of the brain's socioaffective circuitry may heighten sensitivity to social information, increasing the drive for social rewards and concern over peer evaluation

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peers are constantly available, personal information is displayed publicly and permanently, and quantifiable peer feedback is instantaneously provided in the form of “likes” and “views”

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Much of the existing research has relied on self-report measures of adolescent media use, and has been conducted at a single time point, preventing any definitive conclusions

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-40% of adolescents  use a mobile device within five minutes before going to sleep -36% report waking up to check their device at least once during the night.
The impact of social media on sleep quality remains a primary risk for subsequent mental health concerns among youth.

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Social media can cause adolescents to compare themselves to peers excessively. Teens may feel social pressures to engage in risky behaviors that others are doing on social media (example-youtube challenges)

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1. feeling connected to others
2. meeting new people (far and near)
3. social support

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This group is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of social media because of the developmental stage of the brain at this time-this increases drive for social rewards.

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That social media allows one to find one's "posse" of people who may have similar experiences, identifications, etc. is a definite plus.

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The idea that social media use displaces other activities is critical. Time with family, friends, physical activities, creative pursuits, etc. can all diminish.