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Donye Green Intermediate dance Ms. Cediel 26 February 2015 Samba History Samba was introduced to Brazil by the bringing of slaves from Angola Africa in the 16th century through the late 19th century. The west Africans were forced into slavery by the governing forces that demanded Christianity. Prohibiting them from worshipping the orixás, their gods and saints. In order to preserve their traditions they disguised their worship as dance parties. However the authorities became suspicious and until the early twentieth century they did raids on the suspected parties. Candomble, which means aunt in English, and the mixing of other other music styles led to the development of dances in the twentieth century; including the origin of Samba music. The abolition of slavery in 1888 came with a migration to the state of Bahia, many slaves used samba as a way to survive. Samba spread to Rio approximately after 1889. The original samba dance form of Rio de Janeiro first appeared in the city during the 1900s. In the 1920s the height of the radio era took place In the 1930s, samba was slower and more romantic leading to the subgenre known as samba-canção, emphasizing melodies that were over the rhythm and lyrics of the songs and created sentimental emotions. By the 1950s, samba-canção began to lose its momentum, allowing a more percussive and funkier style of samba to develop in the poor areas of Rio; first named samba de morro because of its development in the hills(morros), the style came to be known as samba-de-batucada, and emphasized the polyrhythmic sounds of multiple percussion instruments. This would become essential to Rio's carnaval and was the style taught in the samba schools. The 1970s were the time period in which samba rises, several musicians modernized it with contemporary harmony and instrumentation, infusing samba with rock, jazz and other forms, and bringing the style into the mainstream. In the 1980s, as artists in Salvador created a new percussive style that was a bit slower, with lyrics that reflected the ideology of Brazil's African Diaspora. The group Olodum pioneered by the bloco Afro style. Their lyrics spoke of black culture and pride. The bloco Afro style would fuse with Jamaican reggae ultimately creating the most popular dance forms of samba, samba-reggae which be birthed in the 21st century. Work Cited "History of Samba." Sambassadors. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Feb. 2015. " Samba City Dance Revolution, Carnival in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil !" N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Feb.2015 "History of Samba." Sambassadors. National Geographic, n.d. Web. 26 Feb

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1. History of Samba and it's African Roots

2. In the clip the Dancers stated that samba is based and controlled by the women of samba and that the African woman of Bahia that first arrived in Brazil revolutioned Rio de Janeiro. The women were strong and bold, and their significant role in samba dance was to not show off their biddies but to show off their samba itself.

3. My interest in samba dance is generated from the idea that the women are the individuals who revolutioned and altered a culture through dance. The thing that stood out to me most in the video was the comment made by one the former samba queens. She explained that the point of samba competitions between the samba queens was to not show off their bodies and beauty but to display their mastery of samba. This was important to me because I respect the idea that these competitions are not made to represent women as objects that are nice to look at, like many American completions do, it however manifests the ideology that women are the masters at samba. Another thing that stood out me in the clip was that the dancers stated that they endure a lot of unseen adversities. This in my opinon showed the strength of the samba women, because they struggle and bear some much but still someone are able to have a great love for samba dance. I also made a personal connection to this because as an athlete I experience a lot of pain and cause aches to my body to achieve the goals that everyone witnesses . However these injuries do not hinder or alter my love and passion for my sport. Similar to the samba women of Brazil.

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1. The style of dance I prefer the most would be Samba.

2. Samba originated in Angola, Africa and has been performed in carnivals and street dances during the pre-Lenten celebration in Africa and Brazil for centuries. The dance traveled from Africa and was brought to Brazil with the slave trading (1600-1888). As the West Africans were forced into slavery they preserved their religious traditions by making them part of their daly lives. The camouflaged their religious ceremonies and worship of the orixás with dancing parties.

3. Samba has evolved from slow and romantic to a more percussive and funkier style of dance. In the 1970s it was fused with many other styles of music such as rock, jazz, making it no longer limited to Carnival. In the 1980s in the state of Bahia artists in Salvador created a new percussive style that was slower and contained lyrics that focused on Brazil's Africa Diaspora. Eventually the bloco-Afro sound would be infused with Jamaican reggae, which would result in the creation of samba reggae, one of the most popular incarnations of samba into the 21st century.

4. Samba origin was a dance used to hide the worship of the west African slave religion. The dance form in larger context is used for celebration and parties. Specifically danced at carnivals and in the middle of the street.

"History of Samba." Sambassadors. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Dec. 2014. " Samba City Dance Revolution, Carnival in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil !" N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Dec.

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The orisha I most identify would be Iemanjá, she is the queen of the oceans and the mothers of the orixás. I recognize her the most because not only she is a mother, but we have covered and have been introduced to her and have learned various dances and songs that surround her.

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I think I'm progressing to the goals I established at the beginning of the term. Instead of waiting for people to warm up with I have made my own routine and warm up independently. This helps with me becoming more fluid and it prepares my muscles better for class. I have also gained a new mindset that when it's time to focus, I must cut off the those ties with my friends that distract me and hold me back from progression. I also have a deeper sense of dedication to master and improve my dance technique and not give up when challenged with a difficult movement. Physically, I am starting to understand my body and the various functions and elements that are encompassed when I dance. This awareness contributes to my fundamental basis of my warm up because it allows me to know what points of my body that I need to specifically focus on.

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 In my opinion transformation is the morphing of one's character or being into a different individual. Such as the metamorphosis of a caterpillar into a butterfly or the transformation of a bud blossoming into a flower. A transformation relates to dance because as dancers we grow and develop through strengthening our bodies and gaining a mastery over musicality. We become more aware of our technical errors and how to apply corrections. This transformation into a more technical sound dancer is my goal for this year. I would like to stop relying on others to find the count and then I follow them. I would like to strengthen my knee and not allow it to infer with my attitude toward class and mentally throw me off. I would also like to work on my focus and fluidity related to my warm-up technique, I often lose my focal point and then become inflexible and sloppy. 

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 In my opinion transformation is the morphing of one's character or being into a different individual. Such as the metamorphosis of a caterpillar into a butterfly or the transformation of a bud blossoming into a flower. A transformation relates to dance because as dancers we grow and develop through strengthening our bodies and gaining a mastery over musicality. We become more aware of our technical errors and how to apply corrections. This transformation into a more technical sound dancer is my goal for this year. I would like to stop relying on others to find the count and then I follow them. I would like to strengthen my knee and not allow it to infer with my attitude toward class and mentally throw me off. I would also like to work on my focus and fluidity related to my warm-up technique, I often lose my focal point and then become inflexible and sloppy. 

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Ola Donyay. Como esta oosted?