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https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/cthemeByCat&cat=491&bul_id=YnhhZ2g5QlpZWG9RcVNwTGhLaHE4UT09&menu_id=TE5CRUZCblh4ZTZMODZIbmk2aWRRQT09

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PERFORMANCE OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTS (GDP) BY STATE 2020
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the whole world and Malaysia has no exception in experiencing the impact of this epidemic where in 2020 a total of 113,010 positive cases were recorded with 471 cases of deaths. The health crisis has also affected the trajectory of the country's economic growth. The various phases of the Movement Control Order (MCO) from 18 March 2020 which came into force to curb the spread of the COVID-19 outbreak resulted to the temporary closure of several economic sectors and a reduction in operating hours. In 2020, Malaysia's economy contracted by 5.6 per cent as compared to 4.4 per cent in the previous year (Chart 1).

In general, all sectors recorded negative growth of which the Services sector decelerated 5.5 per cent (2019: 6.2%), Manufacturing contracted 2.6 per cent (2019: 3.8%) and Agriculture declined 2.2 per cent (2019: 2.0%). However, two other sectors, namely Construction and Mining & quarrying recorded two digits decline at a negative 19.4 per cent (2019: 0.4%) and 10.6 per cent (2019: -0.6%) respectively.
Chart 1 : National GDP, 1960-2020
The country's economic growth was contributed by the economic performance at the state level. Variations in product concentrations between states have varying impacts on the overall performance of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by State, especially in facing COVID-19 outbreak crisis. National GDP experienced a reduction of RM80.4 billion as compared to 2019. At the state level, Selangor recorded the highest contraction of RM18.3 billion, followed by W.P. Kuala Lumpur (RM17.5 billion), Sarawak (RM9.6 billion) and Sabah (RM8.1 billion). The total contribution of these four states amounted to 66.7 per cent of the national reduction value.

In general, eight states posted better growth than national GDP (-5.6%) albeit a negative performance recorded by all state. W.P. Labuan contracted marginally to negative 0.5 per cent, followed by Kelantan (-1.1%), Kedah (-1.7%), Pulau Pinang (-2.1%), Perak (-2.3%), Negeri Sembilan (-3.6%), Johor (-4.6%) and Selangor (-5.3%) as shown in Chart 2. Meanwhile, despite the impact of this decline, Selangor, W.P. Kuala Lumpur, Johor, Sarawak, Pulau Pinang and Sabah remained as the major contributors to the national economy, contributing 72.1 per cent (2019: 72.3%) to Malaysia's GDP.
Chart 2: Economic growth by state and economic activity, 2020
*Includes W.P. Putrajaya

Based on the overall performance of 2020, several states contributed to the decline of main sectors. The Services sector, which contributed 57.7 per cent to the Malaysia's economy, recorded a negative 5.5 per cent (2019: 6.2%). States with large contributions in the tourism-related industries were more affected due to travel restrictions as well as border closure policies which has led to the reduction in foreign tourist arrivals as well as interstate domestic tourists. Among the states that contributed to the decline in this sector were Selangor (-6.8%, 2019: 7.0%), W.P. Kuala Lumpur (-6.0%, 2019: 6.2%), Sabah (-7.4%, 2019: 5.4%), Pahang (-8.7%, 2019: 6.2%) and Johor (-3.4%, 2019: 6.5%).

The Manufacturing sector, which contributed 22.9 per cent to the economy, recorded a negative growth of 2.6 per cent, affected by a downward performance in refined petroleum, chemicals and chemical products, non-metallic mineral products, basic metal, fabricated metal and motor vehicles & transport equipment. Sarawak contracted 8.6 per cent as compared to positive growth of 2.9 per cent in the previous year, while Johor declined to a negative 3.7 per cent (2019: 4.7%), Melaka (-8.5%, 2019: 2.5%), Terengganu (-9.4%, 2019:0.3%) and Selangor (-0.6%, 2019: 5.3%).

Agriculture sector, which contributed 7.4 per cent to the Malaysia's economy, recorded a negative 2.2 per cent (2019: 2.0%) largely influenced by a decrease in production of oil palm, rubber and logging. The states that contributed to the contraction in this sector were Sarawak (-10.0%,2019: -0.2%), Sabah (-6.6%, 2019: -0.8%), Negeri Sembilan (-6.6%, 2019: 7.0%) and Kedah (-1.8%, 2019: 3.3%).

Meanwhile, the Construction sector which recorded a double-digit decline of 19.4 per cent were due to a performance of W.P. Kuala Lumpur (-26.7, 2019: 5.9%), Johor (-37.7%, 2019: -27.3%), Selangor (-9.7%, 2019: 10.8%), Perak (-17.4%, 2019: 6.6%) and Pulau Pinang
(-15,5%, 2019: 0.9%).

The Mining & quarrying sector also experienced a double-digit contraction to 10.6 per cent, dragged down by the decline in crude petroleum and natural gas in Sabah (-13.5%, 2019: -5.3%) and Sarawak (-5.9%; 2019: 1.3%).
Chart 3: Economic structure by state and economic activity, 2020
recorded a negative growth of 4.6 per cent in 2020 as compared to 2.8 per cent in the preceding year. The economic structure of Johor was shaped by the Services sector with 51.8 per cent, followed by the Manufacturing with 30.2 per cent, Agriculture 13.2 per cent, Johor Construction 3.3 per cent and subsequently Mining & quarrying sector 0.5 per cent (Chart 3). Services sector fell to a negative 3.4 per cent (2019: 6.5%) due to the performance of wholesale & retail trade, accommodation, food & beverage sub sectors (-9.1%, 2019: 6.9%), as well as the finance, insurance, real estate and business services sub sectors (-3.7%, 2019: 6.2%). However, a robust growth in the utility sub sector has mitigated the impact of the decline in the Services sector. The Manufacturing sector decelerated to 3.7 per cent (2019: 4.7%) attributed by a downward performance in electrical, electronic, and optical products (-3.0%, 2019: 4.5%), as well as non-metallic mineral, basic metal and fabricated metal products (-13.9%, 2019: 4.4%). The contraction in Manufacturing sector was offset by the increase in petroleum, chemical, rubber and plastic products (3.6%, 2019: 5.8%). All sectors in Johor showed a decline except for the Agriculture sectors which increased to 3.1 per cent as against 1.0 per cent in the preceding year. This was contributed by the crop sub sector mainly in oil palm, vegetable and fruit activities.

Negeri Sembilan subdued to 3.6 per cent as compared to 5.1 per cent in the previous year, attributed to the Services and Manufacturing sectors. The Services sector declined to a negative 1.1 per cent (2019: 8.6%) reflected by the negative performance of wholesale & retail trade, accommodation and food & beverage sub sectors (-9.1%, 2019: 6.3%). However, a double-digit growth recorded by the utility sub sector has cushioned the shortfall in this sector. Manufacturing sector contracted at 4.9 per cent (2019: 2.5%) primarily due to a performance of non-metallic mineral products, basic metals and fabricated metal products (-13.2%, 2019: 3.9%), as well as petroleum, chemical, rubber and plastic products (-3.7%, 2019: 2.4%). Meanwhile, the Agriculture sector recorded a negative of 6.6 per cent (2019: 7.0%) following a decline in oil palm and rubber production.

Perak registered a contraction of 2.3 per cent as compared to 4.1 per cent in 2019. The Services sector which was affected by the utilities, transportation & storage and information & communication sub sector declined 5.5 per cent (2019: 2.1%). However, utility sub sector was the main contributor to the decreasing trend of this sector. Manufacturing sector remained stable at 3.5 per cent backed by electrical, electronics & optical products and a robust performance in rubber products. In addition, Agriculture sector rose to 1.4 per cent (2019: 2.9%) supported by the performance of the vegetables, livestock and fisheries sub sectors.

Terengganu declined 5.7 per cent as compared to 3.3 per cent in 2019 affected by the Services and Manufacturing sectors. The Services sector registered a negative 3.4 per cent (2019: 5.6%) contributed by the utilities, transport & storage, and information & communications sub sector (-6.8%, 2019: 7.3%). However, the information & communication segment increased to 7.7 per cent as compared to the previous year (6.3%). Apart from that, the wholesale & retail trade sub sector (-5.2%, 2019: 6.3%) also contributed to the decline in the Services sector in Terengganu. Nevertheless, the Government services sub sector which contributed 29.0 per cent of the Services sector in Terengganu grew 3.7 per cent as compared to 3.1 per cent in 2019 and mitigated the negative impact in this sector. The Manufacturing sector contracted to 9.4 per cent (2019: 0.3%) influenced by petroleum, chemical, rubber and plastic products (-9.4, 2019: 0.2%).

W.P. Kuala Lumpur decelerated to 7.5 per cent (2019: 6.1%) contributed by the Services sector. The Services sector contracted to a negative 6.0 per cent (2019: 6.2%) driven by the wholesale & retail trade, accommodation and food & beverage sub sectors (-9.6%, 2019: 7.3%). Apart from these, the finance, insurance, real estate, and business services sub sector (-5.7%, 2019: 5.6%) also contributed to the decline in the services sector in W.P. Kuala Lumpur. However, there was an increase in the utilities as well as information & communication sub sectors. In addition, the Construction sector also reduced to 26.7 per cent (2019: 5.9%) influenced by the buildings and civil engineering sub sectors.

W.P. Labuan recorded a marginal decline of 0.5 per cent (2019: 5.3%) driven by the Services and Manufacturing sectors. The Services sector continued to expand but grew at a slower pace of 0.1 per cent (2019: 7.6%) driven by the finance & insurance sub sector which was the largest contributor to this sector at 67.5 per cent. The information & communication and utility sub sector grew better than the previous year. The Manufacturing sector contracted at a negative rate of 1.2 per cent (2019: 1.4%) influenced by chemicals and chemical products.
GDP PER CAPITA
In terms of GDP Per Capita, all thirteen states and two Federal Territories recorded a decline in the value of GDP Per Capita compared to 2019. However, seven states surpassed national GDP per capita value (RM43,475) namely W.P. Kuala Lumpur (RM121,100), W.P. Labuan (RM76,898), Pulau Pinang (RM54,818), Selangor (RM52,073), Sarawak (RM48,657), Melaka (RM45,936) and Negeri Sembilan (RM43,926).
Table 1: GDP per capita (RM) by state, 2020
*Notes: Value in W.P. Kuala Lumpur included W.P. Putrajaya
**The GDP per capita by state in 2020 has been revised based on the Current Population Estimates 2020, which was published on 15th July 2021

Details of these statistics can be accessed and downloaded for free through the statistics application on the DOSM website, www.dosm.gov.my.
Released By:
DATO' SRI DR. MOHD UZIR MAHIDIN
CHIEF STATISTICIAN MALAYSIA
DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS, MALAYSIA
DrUzir_Mahidin Dr_Uzir
29 June 2021 Contact person:
Mohd Yusrizal Ab. Razak
Public Relation Officer

Strategic Communication and International Division
Department of Statistics, Malaysia
Tel : +603-8885 7942
Fax : +603-8888 9248
Email : yusrizal.razak@dosm.gov.my

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Department of Statistics Malaysia Official Portal

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PERFORMANCE OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTS (GDP) BY STATE 2020 The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the whole world and Malaysia has no exception in experiencing the impact of this epidemic where in 2020 a total of 113,010 positive cases were recorded with 471 cases of deaths.

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The Services sector, which contributed 57.7 per cent to the Malaysia’s economy,

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https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/cthemeByCat&cat=124&bul_id=VkVveHlUWm5MMTlkc3oxK2svL00rUT09&menu_id=Tm8zcnRjdVRNWWlpWjRlbmtlaDk1UT09

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Department of Statistics Malaysia Official Portal

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Department of Statistics Malaysia Official Portal

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- 2.8 million affected B40 households:

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- result from the survey by Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers
- more company get losses
- more unemployment occur
- effects the income household in msia

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- lacking of more recent data (2020-2021)
- most data are before 2020/pre-pandemic
- unable to make comparison between 2019-2020

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HOUSEHOLD INCOME: Overall income that is earned by household members, whether in cash or kind, and can be referred to as gross income.

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- short term effects? long term effects??
1) expenditure

- factors affecting household income
1) employment - work hours, reduced wage
2) socso
3) covid subdidy program

- data analysis

- govt incentives

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- Covid-19 pandemic
- how it affects the economy in general
- highlights on household income

The COVID-19 pandemic has led Malaysia into one of the worst economic downturns in history.

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Who the problem impacts
Where the issue occurs
Why the problem matters
What are the effects of the problem
When the problem needs to be fixed

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- This secondary data analysis
- the data is from survey and analysis done by DOSM, the government body thus the data is reliable
- quantitative data
- visualisation; using graphs

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- analyse household income
- relate to povert incidence?

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- data for distribution of workers in each sector
- agricultural sector is severely affected, does this impact the B40?? how many % of B40 are in agri??

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HOUSEHOLD INCOME ESTIMATES AND INCIDENCE OF POVERTY REPORT, MALAYSIA, 2020
https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/cthemeByCat&cat=493&bul_id=VTNHRkdiZkFzenBNd1Y1dmg2UUlrZz09&menu_id=amVoWU54UTl0a21NWmdhMjFMMWcyZz09#

Research on the Impact of COVID19 on Global Economy
-http://ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---asia/---ro-bangkok/documents/publication/wcms_751600.pdf

The socioeconomic impacts of COVID-19 in Malaysia - ILO

https://www.epu.gov.my/en/socio-economic-statistics/household-income-poverty-and-household-expenditure

Classification - T20 M40 B40
https://www.comparehero.my/budgets-tax/articles/t20-m40-b40-malaysia

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**need to make clear diagram

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- every state shows a decrease in HH income

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The growth rate of household income from 2019 to 2020 decreased by 10.3%

- HH with >RM2500 increase by 12.5%
- 20% of HH from M40 with income btwn RM4850-RM10959 moved to B40

- an increase in poverty incidence from 5.6% to 8.4%

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Formatting Requirements:
• Use Times New Roman, in 12 point font, and justified paragraphs.
• 1.5 space in the text, single space for footnotes, endnotes and long quotations.
• Single space within each reference entry, and reference follows the APA style.
• Limited to no more than 18 pages
• Cover page shall be used to incorporate title, name of the subject, section, name and matric no. of
the group member

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Sample structure of the paper:
1. Introduction
A. Background - Huda
B. Problem statement - Lixilong
C. Organization of the remainder of the paper

2. Body
A. Literature Review - Haslina
B. Factors affecting household income - LiXilong
C. Analysis of Data - Huda
D. Government Initiatives - Amal
E. Consequence on expenditure

3. Conclusion - Amal
4. References

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Important Considerations in writing the project paper:
1. To avoid the topic is too broad as it will prevent you fro writing a well-focused project paper.
2. To chose the type of paper you are writing on. The followings are list of types you can
consider: theoretical paper, literature review, empirical paper, case studies, etc.