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22) How did Churchill help Great Britain survive WWII?

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22) How did Churchill help Great Britain survive WWII?

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Churchill helped Great Britain by helping them as they were on the brink of defeat to bring them to victory. He was lonely and unknown until he got some attention when he responded to Adolf Hitler's challenge. It brought Churchill to leadership of a national coalition in 1940. Once he was in leadership he shaped an Allied strategy in WWII, and after he alerted the West about a threat to the Soviet Union. After that he led the conservative party back to office in 1951 and became Prime Minister until he had to resign because of sickness.

Jalexie Lugo.

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Table of Contents

What did Winston Churchill do during World War II?

What was Winston Churchill's family background?

Where was Winston Churchill educated?

Read a brief summary of this topic

Winston Churchill, in full Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill, (born November 30, 1874, Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire, England-died January 24, 1965, London), British statesman, orator, and author who as prime minister (1940-45, 1951-55) rallied the British people during World War II and led his country from the brink of defeat to victory.

After a sensational rise to prominence in national politics before World War I, Churchill acquired a reputation for erratic judgment in the war itself and in the decade that followed. Politically suspect in consequence, he was a lonely figure until his response to Adolf Hitler's challenge brought him to leadership of a national coalition in 1940. With Franklin D. Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin he then shaped Allied strategy in World War II, and after the breakdown of the alliance he alerted the West to the expansionist threat of the Soviet Union. He led the Conservative Party back to office in 1951 and remained prime minister until 1955, when ill health forced his resignation.

In Churchill's veins ran the blood of both of the English-speaking peoples whose unity, in peace and war, it was to be a constant purpose of his to promote. Through his father, Lord Randolph Churchill, the meteoric Tory politician, he was directly descended from John Churchill, 1st duke of Marlborough, the hero of the wars against Louis XIV of France in the early 18th century. His mother, Jennie Jerome, a noted beauty, was the daughter of a New York financier and horse racing enthusiast, Leonard W. Jerome.

The young Churchill passed an unhappy and sadly neglected childhood, redeemed only by the affection of Mrs. Everest, his devoted nurse. At Harrow his conspicuously poor academic record seemingly justified his father's decision to enter him into an army career. It was only at the third attempt that he managed to pass the entrance examination to the Royal Military College, now Academy, Sandhurst, but, once there, he applied himself seriously and passed out (graduated) 20th in a class of 130. In 1895, the year of his father's tragic death, he entered the 4th Hussars. Initially the only prospect of action was in Cuba, where he spent a couple of months of leave reporting the Cuban war of independence from Spain for the Daily Graphic (London). In 1896 his regiment went to India, where he saw service as both soldier and journalist on the North-West Frontier (1897). Expanded as The Story of the Malakand Field Force (1898), his dispatches attracted such wide attention as to launch him on the career of authorship that he intermittently pursued throughout his life. In 1897-98 he wrote Savrola (1900), a Ruritanian romance, and got himself attached to Lord Kitchener's Nile expeditionary force in the same dual role of soldier and correspondent. The River War (1899) brilliantly describes the campaign.

Political career before 1939

The five years after Sandhurst saw Churchill's interests expand and mature. He relieved the tedium of army life in India by a program of reading designed to repair the deficiencies of Harrow and Sandhurst, and in 1899 he resigned his commission to enter politics and make a living by his pen. He first stood as a Conservative at Oldham, where he lost a by-election by a narrow margin, but found quick solace in reporting the South African War for The Morning Post ( London). Within a month after his arrival in South Africa he had won fame for his part in rescuing an armoured train ambushed by Boers, though at the price of himself being taken prisoner. But this fame was redoubled when less than a month later he escaped from military prison. Returning to Britain a military hero, he laid siege again to Oldham in the election of 1900. Churchill succeeded in winning by a margin as narrow as that of his previous failure. But he was now in Parliament and, fortified by the £10,000 his writings and lecture tours had earned for him, was in a position to make his own way in politics.

A self-assurance redeemed from arrogance only by a kind of boyish charm made Churchill from the first a notable House of Commons figure, but a speech defect, which he never wholly lost, combined with a certain psychological inhibition to prevent him from immediately becoming a master of debate. He excelled in the set speech, on which he always spent enormous pains, rather than in the impromptu; Lord Balfour, the Conservative leader, said of him that he carried "heavy but not very mobile guns." In matter as in style he modeled himself on his father, as his admirable biography, Lord Randolph Churchill (1906; revised edition 1952), makes evident, and from the first he wore his Toryism with a difference, advocating a fair, negotiated peace for the Boers and deploring military mismanagement and extravagance.

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As Liberal minister

In 1904 the Conservative government found itself impaled on a dilemma by Colonial Secretary Joseph Chamberlain's open advocacy of a tariff. Churchill, a convinced free trader, helped to found the Free Food League. He was disavowed by his constituents and became increasingly alienated from his party. In 1904 he joined the Liberals and won renown for the audacity of his attacks on Chamberlain and Balfour. The radical elements in his political makeup came to the surface under the influence of two colleagues in particular, John Morley, a political legatee of W.E. Gladstone, and David Lloyd George, the rising Welsh orator and firebrand. In the ensuing general election in 1906 he secured a notable victory in Manchester and began his ministerial career in the new Liberal government as undersecretary of state for the colonies. He soon gained credit for his able defense of the policy of conciliation and self-government in South Africa. When the ministry was reconstructed under Prime Minister Herbert H. Asquith in 1908, Churchill was promoted to president of the Board of Trade, with a seat in the cabinet. Defeated at the ensuing by-election in Manchester, he won an election at Dundee. In the same year he married the beautiful Clementine Hozier; it was a marriage of unbroken affection that provided a secure and happy background for his turbulent career.

At the Board of Trade, Churchill emerged as a leader in the movement of Liberalism away from laissez-faire toward social reform. He completed the work begun by his predecessor, Lloyd George, on the bill imposing an eight-hour maximum day for miners. He himself was responsible for attacking the evils of "sweated" labour by setting up trade boards with power to fix minimum wages and for combating unemployment by instituting state-run labour exchanges.

When this Liberal program necessitated high taxation, which in turn provoked the House of Lords to the revolutionary step of rejecting the budget of 1909, Churchill was Lloyd George's closest ally in developing the provocative strategy designed to clip the wings of the upper chamber. Churchill became president of the Budget League, and his oratorical broadsides at the House of Lords were as lively and devastating as Lloyd George's own. Indeed Churchill, as an alleged traitor to his class, earned the lion's share of Tory animosity. His campaigning in the two general elections of 1910 and in the House of Commons during the passage of the Parliament Act of 1911, which curbed the House of Lords' powers, won him wide popular acclaim. In the cabinet his reward was promotion to the office of home secretary. Here, despite substantial achievements in prison reform, he had to devote himself principally to coping with a sweeping wave of industrial unrest and violent strikes. Upon occasion his relish for dramatic action led him beyond the limits of his proper role as the guarantor of public order. For this he paid a heavy price in incurring the long-standing suspicion of organized labour.

In 1911 the provocative German action in sending a gunboat to Agadir, the Moroccan port to which France had claims, convinced Churchill that in any major Franco-German conflict Britain would have to be at France's side. When transferred to the Admiralty in October 1911, he went to work with a conviction of the need to bring the navy to a pitch of instant readiness. His first task was the creation of a naval war staff. To help Britain's lead over steadily mounting German naval power, Churchill successfully campaigned in the cabinet for the largest naval expenditure in British history. Despite his inherited Tory views on Ireland, he wholeheartedly embraced the Liberal policy of Home Rule, moving the second reading of the Irish Home Rule Bill of 1912 and campaigning for it in the teeth of Unionist opposition. Although, through his friendship with F.E. Smith (later 1st earl of Birkenhead) and Austen Chamberlain, he did much to arrange the compromise by which Ulster was to be excluded from the immediate effect of the bill, no member of the government was more bitterly abused-by Tories as a renegade and by extreme Home Rulers as a defector.

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Winston Churchill | Biography, World War II, Quotes, Books, & Facts

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Winston Churchill, in full Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill, (born November 30, 1874, Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire, England-died January 24, 1965, London), British statesman, orator, and author who as prime minister (1940-45, 1951-55) rallied the British people during World War II and led his country from the brink of defeat to victory.

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What kind of social system did Marx propose?

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What kind of social system did Marx propose?

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Karl Marx developed a philosophy called "Marxism". It unites the social, political, and economic theories. Marxism is mostly connected with the battle with the working class against the ownership class that favors the theory of communism rather than capitalism.

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/marxism.asp

Bella Von Sander

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How did Stalin Fail Lennin's Dream of Communism?

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How did Stalin Fail Lennin's Dream of Communism?

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The website states that with the suppression of the Kronstadt rebellion, it became clear that Lenin’s concept of the “vanguard party” and his understanding of the “dictatorship of the proletariat” did not permit dissent of any kind and that a socialist political order was to be based on one-party rule.As for the policy of “war communism”, it didn't end well it wasn't what they expected. Lenin himself admitted as much in a speech on October 17, 1921, when he said, “we made the mistake of deciding to go over directly to communist production and distribution”.He didn't think it through all the way.which made it fail and it didn't do much after all.I think that they should've planned it and seen if that went well before they actually did it for it to all end up as a disaster.

Lizmarie Polanco

https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2017/10/25/the-failed-dream-of-a-russian-revolution

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What was Tsar Nicholas II nickname and how did he get it?

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What was Tsar Nicholas II nickname and how did he get it?

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He was called Nicholas the Bloody or Bloodstained due to how poorly he handles the Bloody Sunday incident .  Bloody Sunday was on January 22 , 1905 and it was a massacre caused but workers going on protests at the Tzars Winter Palace in St. Petersburg. The palace opened fire and killed hundreds of people. Around the same time of his coronation ,the Khodynka Tragedy happened, where over 1,300 people were killed and another 1,300 injured in a human stampede. He said he would help make this tradgey better and repay people for there loses but instead , he goes to a fancy french ball that same night

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17. Where did Trotsky go once Stalin took power and what did Stalin do about it?

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17. Where did Trotsky go once Stalin took power and what did Stalin do about it?

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Trotsky lost his government positions, he was eventually expelled from the Soviet Union in February 1929. He spent the rest of his life in exile, writing prolifically and engaging in an open critique of Stalinism. Under Stalin, the Soviet Union was transformed from a peasant society into an industrial and military superpower. However, he ruled by terror, and millions of his own citizens died during his brutal reign.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/stalin-banishes-trotsky

Nigel Nieves

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Leon Trotsky, a leader of the Bolshevik revolution and early architect of the Soviet state, is deported by Soviet leader Joseph Stalin to Alma-Ata in remote Soviet Central Asia. He lived there in internal exile for a year before being banished from the USSR forever by Stalin.

Born in Ukraine of Russian-Jewish parents in 1879, Trotsky embraced Marxism as a teenager and later dropped out of the University of Odessa to help organize the underground South Russian Workers' Union. In 1898, he was arrested for his revolutionary activities and sent to prison. In 1900, he was exiled to Siberia.

In 1902, he escaped to England using a forged passport under the name of Leon Trotsky (his original name was Lev Davidovich Bronstein). In London, he collaborated with Bolshevik revolutionary Vladimir Ilyich Lenin but later sided with the Menshevik factions that advocated a democratic approach to socialism. With the outbreak of the Russian Revolution of 1905, Trotsky returned to Russia and was again exiled to Siberia when the revolution collapsed. In 1907, he again escaped.

During the next decade, he was expelled from a series of countries because of his radicalism, living in Switzerland, Paris, Spain and New York City before returning to Russia at the outbreak of the revolution in 1917. Trotsky played a leading role in the Bolsheviks' seizure of power, conquering most of Petrograd before Lenin's triumphant return in November.

Appointed Lenin's secretary of foreign affairs, he negotiated with the Germans for an end to Russian involvement in World War I. In 1918, he became war commissioner and set about building up the Red Army, which succeeded in defeating anti-Communist opposition in the Russian Civil War. In the early 1920s, Trotsky seemed the heir apparent of Lenin, but he lost out in the struggle of succession after Lenin fell ill in 1922.

In 1924, Lenin died, and Joseph Stalin emerged as leader of the USSR. Against Stalin's stated policies, Trotsky called for a continuing world revolution that would inevitably result in the dismantling of the Soviet state. He also criticized the new regime for suppressing democracy in the Communist Party and for failing to develop adequate economic planning. In response, Stalin and his supporters launched a propaganda counterattack against Trotsky. In 1925, he was removed from his post in the war commissariat. One year later, he was expelled from the Politburo and in 1927 from the Communist Party. In January 1928, Trotsky began his internal exile in Alma-Ata and the next January was expelled from the Soviet Union outright.

He was received by the government of Turkey and settled on the island of Prinkipo, where he worked on finishing his autobiography and history of the Russian Revolution. After four years in Turkey, Trotsky lived in France and then Norway and in 1936 was granted asylum in Mexico. Settling with his family in a suburb of Mexico City, he was found guilty of treason in absentia during Stalin's purges of his political foes. He survived a machine-gun attack on his home but on August 20, 1940, fell prey to a Spanish Communist, Ramon Mercader, who fatally wounded him with an ice-ax. He died from his wounds the next day.

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Leon Trotsky, a leader of the Bolshevik revolution and early architect of the Soviet state, is deported by Soviet leader Joseph Stalin to Alma-Ata in remote Soviet Central Asia. He lived there in internal exile for a year before being banished from the USSR forever by Stalin.

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How was religion regarded under Communism? Why?

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How was religion regarded under Communism? Why?

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When Stalin completed the organizational structures, strategies, and tactics that were used as a model all subsequent communists stopped religion. The Russian Orthodox Church overcame the challenges. It was hard to adapt to the decentralized patterns of religious practice. It was unable to eliminate resistance from the Roman Catholic Church in Eastern Europe, even when the church is connected to nationalism. It was the long run a failure on its own terms.
https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199602056.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199602056-e-034
Domanire' Trapp

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Joseph Stalin ordered his men to eliminate anyone that did not properly represent the USSR's ideals or was considered a threat to the USSR in Russia. This was known as the Great Purge. The Great Purge took place during 1934 to 1938 After Stalin rose to power, many questioned his authority. Joseph felt threatened by those who wanted his leadership gone. Sergei Kirov was a prominent leader of a party which questioned Stalin's authority at the time. and in 1934, he was assassinated. It was believed Stalin himself ordered this assassination. Following this, Stalin ordered the murders of many of his own people. At one point, Stalin became so paranoid that he ordered the death of 30,000 of his own soldiers because he was convinced they were planning a coup. Most experts believe he killed at least 750,000 people in the Great Purge.
https://www.history.com/topics/russia/great-purge

An Nguyen

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What happened to the nobility after the Russian Revolution?

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What happened to the nobility after the Russian Revolution?

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Many aristocrats were killed or driven into exile. Many who stayed behind are called the "former people", that's what the Bolsheviks called them.

Bolsheviks - a person with politically subversive or radical views, basically someone who is revolutionary

https://www.theguardian.com/books/2012/nov/18/former-people-russian-smith-review#:~:text=Many%20aristocrats%20were%20killed%20or,sins%20of%20commission%20and%20omission.
-Emely A.

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How did Hitler break his agreement with Stalin during WWII and what was the result?

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How did Hitler break his agreement with Stalin during WWII and what was the result?

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Two years after world war 2 started Adolf Hitler had sent some 3 million troops to invade the soviet union because of that everyone had wanted to take down Germany. Then 4 years later Hitler had killed himself the result of that was the German surrender.

Geno Deren

https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/german-soviet-nonaggression-pact

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Contents

1. Germany's Aggression in Europe Stokes Fears of War

2. Hitler and Stalin Rethink their Positions

3. The Germans and Soviets Make a Deal

On August 23, 1939-shortly before World War II (1939-45) broke out in Europe-enemies Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union surprised the world by signing the German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact, in which the two countries agreed to take no military action against each other for the next 10 years. With Europe on the brink of another major war, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin (1879-1953) viewed the pact as a way to keep his nation on peaceful terms with Germany, while giving him time to build up the Soviet military. German chancellor Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) used the pact to make sure Germany was able to invade Poland unopposed. The pact also contained a secret agreement in which the Soviets and Germans agreed how they would later divide up Eastern Europe. The German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact fell apart in June 1941, when Nazi forces invaded the Soviet Union.

Germany's Aggression in Europe Stokes Fears of War

On March 15, 1939, Nazi Germany invaded Czechoslovakia, breaking the agreement it had signed with Great Britain and France the year before in Munich, Germany. The invasion jolted British and French leaders and convinced them that Adolf Hitler, the German chancellor, could not be trusted to honor his agreements and was likely to keep committing aggressions until stopped by force or a massive deterrent.

Did you know? Hitler disliked the photograph taken when the German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact was signed in the Kremlin because it showed Stalin with a cigarette in his hand. Hitler felt the cigarette was unsuited to the historic occasion and had it airbrushed from the photo when it was published in Germany.

In the previous year, Hitler had annexed Austria and had taken the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia; in March 1939, his tanks rolled into the rest of Czechoslovakia. It appeared that he was determined to undo the international order set up by the Treaty of Versailles, the 1919 peace settlement that ended World War I (1914-18). (The treaty, which required Germany to make numerous concessions and reparations, was highly unpopular with Hitler and his Nazi Party.) It also seemed that Hitler was planning to strike next against its neighbor Poland. To block him, France and Britain pledged on March 31, 1939, to guarantee Poland's security and independence. The British and French also stepped up diplomatic engagement with the Soviet Union, trying to draw it closer by trade and other agreements to make Hitler see he would also have to face Joseph Stalin if he invaded Poland. But Hitler already knew the Soviets would not stand by if he tried to occupy Poland-an act that would extend the border of Germany right up to the Soviet Union. He also knew France and the Soviets had concluded a defense alliance several years earlier-a treaty that gave Stalin an additional reason to fight Germany if it ventured into Poland and triggered France's pledge.

It was clear during the tense spring and summer of 1939 that little, if anything, could be taken for granted. In May, Germany and Italy signed a major treaty of alliance, and Hitler's representatives had begun conducting important trade talks with the Soviets. Just two years prior, however, as Laurence Rees notes in "War of the Century: When Hitler Fought Stalin," Hitler had called the Soviet Union "the greatest danger for the culture and civilization of mankind which has ever threatened it since the collapse of the ... ancient world."

Hitler and Stalin Rethink their Positions

Through the spring and summer of 1939, Hitler stepped up his demands on the Polish government in Warsaw, and pushed for allowing Germany to reclaim the port city of Danzig (a former German city internationalized by the Treaty of Versailles). Hitler also wanted to put a stop to the alleged mistreatment of Germans living in the western regions of Poland. At the same time, he advanced his plans for attacking Poland in August 1939 if his demands were not met. However, Hitler's fervor for a war with Poland made his generals nervous. They knew Stalin's purges of his military commanders in 1937 and 1938 had seriously weakened the Soviet army, but the Germans were leery of a campaign that could easily lead to the nightmare faced in World War I-a two-front war, in which they would be fighting Russians troops in the east and French and British troops in the west.

To avoid such a scenario, Hitler had cautiously begun exploring the possibility of a thaw in relations with Stalin. Several brief diplomatic exchanges in May 1939 fizzled by the next month. But in July, as tensions continued building across Europe and all major powers were feverishly casting about for potential allies, Hitler's foreign minister dropped hints to Moscow that if Hitler invaded Poland, the Soviet Union might be permitted some Polish territory. This caught Stalin's attention. On August 20, Hitler sent a personal message to the Soviet premier: War with Poland was imminent. If Hitler sent his foreign minister to Moscow for a vitally important discussion, would Stalin receive him? Stalin said yes.

The Germans and Soviets Make a Deal

On August 22, 1939, German foreign minister Joachim von Ribbentrop (1893-1946) flew from Berlin to Moscow. He was soon inside the Kremlin, face-to-face with Stalin and Soviet foreign minister Vyacheslav Molotov (1890-1986), who had been working with von Ribbentrop to negotiate an agreement. (The Soviet minister is also the namesake for the incendiary device known as a Molotov cocktail.) Ribbentrop carried a proposal from Hitler that both countries commit to a nonaggression pact that would last 100 years. Stalin replied that 10 years would be sufficient. The proposal also stipulated that neither country would aid any third party that attacked either signatory. Finally, the proposal contained a secret protocol specifying the spheres of influence in Eastern Europe both parties would accept after Hitler conquered Poland. The Soviet Union would acquire the eastern half of Poland, along with Lithuania, Estonia and Latvia.

During the Kremlin meeting, Ribbentrop several times telephoned Hitler, who was nervously awaiting news at his country estate in Bavaria. Finally, in the early hours of August 23, Ribbentrop called to say that everything had been settled. As Ian Kershaw notes in "Hitler: 1936-1945: Nemesis," the German chancellor was ecstatic. He congratulated his foreign minister and said the pact "will hit like a bombshell." It neutralized the French-Soviet treaty, which would reassure Hitler's generals, and cleared the way for Germany's attack on Poland.

Aftermath

The public part of the Moscow agreement was announced with great fanfare on August 25, 1939, the day Hitler had planned to launch his "blitzkrieg" (quick, surprise attacks) strike east into Poland. Earlier this same day, however, Great Britain and France, knowing the Nazi-Soviet agreement was pending, reacted by formalizing their pledge to Poland in a treaty declaring each would fight in Poland's defense if it were attacked.

Hitler was incensed by this counterthrust but quickly cancelled his order for the invasion. Then, in a wild gamble that France and Great Britain would not meet their treaty obligations to Poland, and knowing he had nothing to fear from the Soviet army, Hitler ordered his troops to strike east into Poland on September 1, 1939. Two days later, on September 3, France and Great Britain declared war on Germany. World War II had begun. And less than two years after that, Hitler scrapped his pact with Stalin and sent some 3 million Nazi soldiers pouring into the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941.

Four years later, with no hope of a German victory in World War II, Hitler committed suicide on April 30, 1945. On May 8, the Allies accepted Nazi Germany's surrender.

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On August 23, 1939-shortly before World War II (1939-45) broke out in Europe-enemies Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union surprised the world by signing the German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact, in which the two countries agreed to take no military action against each other for the next 10 years.

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4. Tsar Nicholas II: What mistakes did Tsar Nicholas make during WWI?

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4. Tsar Nicholas II: What mistakes did Tsar Nicholas make during WWI?

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What mistakes did Tsar Nicholas make during WWI?
- In August 1915, he decided to take over the running of a war
- He entered world WWI
- He refused to share power with Duma(representative group like parliament)
https://slideplayer.com/slide/6194087/

Prajin

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What were the NKVD’s responsibilities under Stalin’s rule?

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What were the NKVD’s responsibilities under Stalin’s rule?

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The NKVD's main purpose was for national security. The NKVD carried out most of the work for Stalin's purges.
https://www.crimemuseum.org/crime-library/international-crimes/stalins-security-force/
Brooklyn Gormley

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 How was Stalin connected to Lenin and Trotsky?

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 How was Stalin connected to Lenin and Trotsky?

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Stalin was a Russian political ruler of the soviet union, who governed from 1924 to 1953 when he died. He never got along with Trotsky because he created the Red army which disagreed with everything Stalin believed in a wanted for his union. Stalin and Lenin grew close because Stalin was one of the Chief officers and Lenin was a leader who had very similar beliefs to Stalin.

Article Link

Andrew Borneman

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Question 19: How did Hitler fool Lord Chamberlain at the beginning of WWII?

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Question 19: How did Hitler fool Lord Chamberlain at the beginning of WWII?

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Hitler even signed an agreement to keep the peace in Europe. Chamberlain made careful mental notes about everything that Hitler said and did. Calmed by the fact that Hitler gave him a friendly handshake with both hands. That made him feel sure that Hitler was in a sound state of mind and meant to keep the peace. But Chamberlain couldn’t have been more wrong.

https://www.shortform.com/blog/chamberlain-and-hitler/

Jayden G

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How did Karl Marx strongly influence the Russian Revolution?

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How did Karl Marx strongly influence the Russian Revolution?

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He had ideas of capitalism and communism. He had the idea of Marxism, it was that there was no social class for people, and everyone works for the same thing, and went for the same thing.  He wanted this so no people struggle with being financial issues as in being poor.

https://examples.yourdictionary.com/what-is-marxism-explanation-in-simple-terms.html

Bodie White

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What role did the Russian church play under Tsar Nicholas?

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What role did the Russian church play under Tsar Nicholas?

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Official Church stated that the tsar was chosen by God. Any challenge to the tsar was said to be an insult to God.
The Church was very influential among the large peasant population. It made sure this message was conveyed regularly to them.
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z6rjy9q/revision/3

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What was Great Britain’s  relationship with Russia during WWII?

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What was Great Britain’s  relationship with Russia during WWII?

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Great Britain led a Lend-Lease assistance to the Soviet Union in WWII, This means they don't help them fighting in the war but they help provide Weapons and Rounds for the weapons, in return the country that was given the equipment will defend the country that gave it to them in return.

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What agreement did Hitler make with Stalin during WWII?

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What agreement did Hitler make with Stalin during WWII?

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Sammie Cotto
The German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact. this agreement was that the two countries agreed to take no military action against each other for the next 10 years.

https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/german-soviet-nonaggression-pact#:~:text=On%20August%2023%2C%201939%E2%80%93shortly,for%20the%20next%2010%20years.