# data[].attributes.body
Definition: An acute allergic reaction to an antigen (e.g., a bee sting) to which the body has become hypersensitive.

Causes: This severe reaction happens when an over-release of chemicals puts the person into shock. Allergies to food, insect stings, medications and latex are most frequently associated with anaphylaxis.

Symptoms include a skin rash, nausea, vomiting, difficulty breathing and shock, fainting and light-headedness.

1. Remove allergen (if still present).

2. Call for assistance.

3. Lay patient flat. Do not allow them to stand or walk. If breathing is difficult, allow them to sit.

4. Give INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION (IMI) OF ADRENALINE (epinephrine) without delay using an adrenaline auto injector if available OR adrenaline ampoules and syringe.
5. Give oxygen (if available).

6. Call ambulance to transport patient if not already in a hospital setting

Some more symptoms include:

Trouble breathing

Hives or swelling

Tightness of the throat

Hoarse voice

Nausea

Vomiting

Abdominal pain

Diarrhea

Dizziness

Fainting

Low blood pressure

Rapid heart beat

Feeling of doom

Cardiac arrest

# data[].attributes.body
First aid Management/ Treatment.

External Bleeding:
To stop bleeding from a wound apply firm pressure to the wound using a clean cloth, get the patient to apply the pressure if you do not have access to gloves to prevent risk of infection. If blood seeps through the cloth do not remove the cloth as it will prevent the blood from clotting, instead add more padding on top of the original cloth.
If the bleeding still doesn't stop apply a tourniquet bandage to the wound to prevent blood flow.

Internal Bleeding:
First aid can not provide management or treatment for internalised bleeding, instead urgent medical assistance is required.

# data[].attributes.body
treatment
- follow DRSABCD
- lie a conscious person down and keep them warm and comfortable
- if possible raise there legs a little so they get blood flow to the brain, heart and lungs
- do not give the person anything to eat or drink
- reassure them
- stay with them till the ambulance arrives.

# data[].attributes.body
Signs and Symptoms:

Pale, cold, clammy skin

Shallow, rapid breathing

Difficulty breathing

Anxiety

Rapid heartbeat

Heartbeat irregularities or palpitations

Thirst or a dry mouth

Low urine output or dark urine

Nausea

Vomiting

Dizziness

Light-headedness

Confusion and disorientation

Unconsciousness.

# data[].attributes.body
Definition:

Shock is the boddies response toa suden drop in blood preasure.

Causes:
Head truma, heart attack, heart exhustion, severe dehydration, severe internal or external bleeding, alcohol or drug abuse (poisoning), bites or sting or accidents.

# data[].attributes.body
Definition:
A disease in which the body’s ability to produce or respond to the hormone insulin is impaired, resulting in abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates and elevated levels of glucose in the blood.

Causes:
-  Overweight
-  Obesity
- Diet
-  Not regularly or exercising enough
-  Insulin resistance
-  Genes and family history

Signs and symptoms:
- Increased hunger
-  Slow healing wounds or cuts
-  Fatigue
-  Yeast infection
- Increased thirst for water and urination
- Blurred vision
- Dry mouth and itchy skin
- Unexplained weight loss
- Nausea and vomiting

First Aid:

Management & Treatment:
-  Endocrinology is the specialty of medicine that deals with hormone disturbances, and both endocrinologists and pediatric endocrinologists manage patients with diabetes.
-  Certain medicines can harm beta cells or disrupt the way insulin works including niacin, anti-seizure drugs, psychiatric drugs, diuretics, and pentamidine.

Other:

# data[].attributes.body
Definition: A result of a blow to the head that shakes or jolts the brain that can temporarily change the way that your brain functions

Causes: blow to the head, body fall, another injury that jars the brain inside the skull

Signs + Symptoms: Headache: can be persistent or severe

Whole body: blackout, fatigue, or poor balance

Cognitive: amnesia, disorientation, or mental confusion

Sleep: sleep disturbances or sleepiness

Gastrointestinal: nausea or vomiting

Also common: irritability, mild depression, ringing in the ears, or sensitivity to light

First Aid: There is severe head or face bleeding. The person is confused, tired, or unconscious. The person stops breathing. You suspect a serious head or neck injury, or the person develops any signs or symptoms of a serious head injury.

Management/Treatment: After a mild head injury, those displaying persistent emesis, severe headache, anterograde amnesia, loss of consciousness, or signs of intoxication by drugs or alcohol are considered to have a moderate-risk head injury. These patients should be evaluated with a headCT scan.

Other:

# data[].attributes.body
A poison is any substance that when introduced into the body results in illness or injury.
Causes:
- Ingested
- Inhaled
- Absorbed through skin
- Injected into skin
Symptoms:
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal or chest pain
- Breathing problems
- Altered conciousness
Treatment:
Follow DRSABCD action plan, reassure them and keep them warm, poisons info centre: 131126 or 000 or 112 for mobile.

# data[].attributes.body
Definition: losing blood from the vascular system, either internally into the body or externally through a natural orifice or break in the skin

Causes of bleeding may include small cuts and abrasions to large cuts or amputations.

Symptoms:
bleeding may cause shock, which can lead to:

Confusion or decreasing alertness.

Clammy skin.

Dizziness or light-headedness after an injury.

Low blood pressure.

Paleness (pallor)

Rapid pulse, increased heart rate.

Shortness of breath.

Weakness.