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Ecosystem – a natural community of plants, animals, and other organisms and the physical
environment in which they live and interact.
2. Habitat – the place in the environment where a plant or animal lives.
3. Atmosphere – a mixture of gases, such as nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide, that
surrounds the Earth.
4. Weather – the current conditions of the atmosphere at a particular place and time. Some
characteristics of weather are temperature, humidity, precipitation, cloudiness, wind, and
atmospheric pressure. Weather conditions are temporary and change frequently.
5. Precipitation – any moisture that falls to Earth, such as rain, snow, hail, sleet, or mist.
6. Climate – the pattern of weather over a long period of time. Weather patterns for about 30
years can be used to describe the climate of a particular place.
7. Global Climate – the average climate of the entire Earth.
8. Climate Change – a significant change in the climate over time.
9. Fossil Fuel – an energy-rich substance type of fuel that is created from dead plant and animal
material trapped between layers of rock deep within the Earth. Over millions of years, heat
and pressure transform this material into fossil fuels. Some examples of fossil fuels are coal,
oil, and natural gas. Humans burn fossil fuels to make energy. When fossil fuels are burned,
they release carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas.
10. Coal – a dark-colored rock that is mined from the Earth’s surface and can be burned to create
energy. Coal is a type of fossil fuel.

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Penguins helped and hurt by changing climate during the past few decades as climate patterns in parts of Antarctica have changed badly.Adelies penguins are doing better than others these penguins are being helped by climate change.Most type of penguins go fishing only in open water which means they're competing with each other to find food.Adelies the only penguins that catch their fish by diving deep under the ice. So when there's ice over the sea they hardly have any competition and they can get all the food they want.

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A scientist from the university of wisconsin studies how climate change affect the timing of ice formation and breakup in lakes and rivers.She Their  findings show that over that time the average number of days the water bodies are covered by ice has decreased badly. Today lakes freeze about 12 days later in the fall and thaw about 13 days earlier in the spring than they did 150 years ago.Some lakes that froze solid during the winter now have years in which they don't freeze over time.Most of the change scientist believe its due to global warming earth rising temperature.

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Global warming hit the Arctic ocean the hardest most of its waters are covered year round by thick layers of sea ice like glaciers.Some sea ice always retreat in summer but in late summer the ice cover shrank to the smallest.Scientist believe that the shrinking ice and snow cover in the arctic and other cold regions may be speeding up global warming because of the albedo effect.That means that they reflect a great deal of the sun's rays back into space.This cause even more melting and which leads to more heat being absorbed.

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Researchers at the university of colorado set up camp on Greenland ice sheet and studied what happens when the heat of spring sunlight starts to melt the surface.Winter temperatures at camp have risen about 9 degrees fahrenheit 5 degrees celsius.

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Things that normally happen in geologic time are happening during the span of human lifetime.Most glaciers are found in places that get a lot of snow in the winter and stay cool during the summer such as high mountain ranges.Glaciers shrink during the warmth of summer and as long if the  ice melts it is replaced by snowfall during the winter Ice shelves are thinning and breaking up ice shelves is part of a ice sheet that spreads from the coast and floats atop ocean waters.Antarctica has collapse into the sea,a shelf about the size of rhode island in 2002.Studies show that in Greenland the speed of ice loss has double in the past decade.

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Over the past hundred of years in antarctica is thinning and shrinking.And that means that the earth's climate is heating up and our planet has risen a little over one degree fahrenheit.Which is also called global warming one degree can make the difference between an ice cube staying solid at 32 or oozing at 33.