# data[].attributes.body
Feliciano,P. (2000). Schizophrenia Exomes. Natural Genetics, 45(9), 969. doi:10.1038/ng.2750

# data[].attributes.body
Feliciano, P.(2000). Schizophrenia exomes. Nature Genetics, 45(9), 969. doi:10.1038/ng.2750

# data[].attributes.body
Wikipedia. (2015). Mental Capacity Act 2005. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_Capacity_Act_2005

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The Mental Capacity Act 2005 (c 9) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom applying to England and Wales. Its primary purpose is to provide a legal framework for acting and making decisions on behalf of adults who lack the capacity to make particular decisions for themselves.

The five statutory principles

The five principles are outlined in the Section 1 of the Act. These are designed to protect people who lack capacity to make particular decisions, but also to maximise their ability to make decisions, or to participate in decision-making, as far as they are able to do so.

1. A person must be assumed to have capacity unless it is established that he/she lacks capacity.

2. A person is not to be treated as unable to make a decision unless all practicable steps to help him/her to do so have been taken without success.

3. A person is not to be treated as unable to make a decision merely because he/she makes an unwise decision.

4. An act done, or decision made, under this Act for or on behalf of a person who lacks capacity must be done, or made, in his/ her best interests.

5. Before the act is done, or the decision is made, regard must be had to whether the purpose for which it is needed can be as effectively achieved in a way that is less restrictive of the person's rights and freedom of action.

Summary of other key elements of the Act

The Act makes provision for people to plan ahead for a time when they may need support. This introduces advanced decisions to refuse treatment.

The Act is decision specific in that it deals with difficulties a person may have with a particular issue.

The Act upholds the principle of Best Interest for the individual concerned.

A Court of Protection will help with difficult decisions. The Office of the Public Guardian (formerly Public Guardianship Office), the administrative arm of the Court of Protection, will help the Act work.

An Independent Mental Capacity Advocate (IMCA) service will provide help for people who have no intimate support network.

The Act makes it a criminal offence to willfully neglect someone without capacity.

The Act generally applies only to those over the age of 16 years, although may apply to some younger people if it is supposed that their capacity will continue to be impaired into adulthood.

The following orders have been made under this section:

The new measures that the Act introduced were:

April 2007

October 2007

In response to the ruling by the European Court of Human Rights in HL v UK (2004) (the 'Bournewood' judgment) the Act was amended by the Mental Health Act 2007 in July that year. These additions are known as the Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards ( DoLS), and were implemented in April 2009. These amendments created administrative procedures to ensure the Act's processes are observed in cases of adults who are, or may be, deprived of their liberty in care homes or hospitals, thus protecting health and social care providers from prosecution under human rights legislation.

Key elements of the DoLS are that the person must be provided with a representative and given the right to challenge the deprivation of liberty through the Court of Protection, and that there must be a mechanism for the deprivation of liberty to be reviewed and monitored regularly.

The DoLS were introduced in response to the Bournewood case, on which the European Court of Human Rights ruled in October 2004 ( HL v United Kingdom) that a detention of an incapacitated patient which did not comply with Article 5 of the European Convention on Human Rights had taken place; in particular, a person who is detained must be told the reasons for the detention and must also, under Article 5(4), have the right of speedy access to a court to appeal against the detention.

UK legislation

Atkinson, J. (2006) Private and Public Protection: Civil Mental Health Legislation, Edinburgh, Dunedin Academic Press

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Mental Capacity Act 2005 (c 9) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom applying to England and Wales. Its primary purpose is to provide a legal framework for acting and making decisions on behalf of adults who lack the capacity to make particular decisions for themselves.

# data[].attributes.body
Cohen D. (2002). A critical appraisal and implications for social work education. Journal of Social Work Education,38(2), 217.

# data[].attributes.headline
Haukka, J., Tiihonen, J., Härkänen, T., & Lönnqvist. (2008). J. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety. Association between medication and risk of suicide, attempted suicide and death in nationwide cohort of suicidal patients with schizophrenia. 17(7), 686-696. doi:10.1002/pds.1579

# data[].attributes.subject
Haukka, J., Tiihonen, J., Härkänen, T., & Lönnqvist. (2008). J. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety. Association between medication and risk of suicide, attempted suicide and death in nationwide cohort of suicidal patients with schizophrenia. 17(7), 686-696. doi:10.1002/pds.1579

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The Mental Capacity Act 2005 (c 9) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom applying to England and Wales. Its primary purpose is to provide a legal framework for acting and making decisions on behalf of adults who lack the capacity to make particular decisions for themselves.

The five statutory principles

The five principles are outlined in the Section 1 of the Act. These are designed to protect people who lack capacity to make particular decisions, but also to maximise their ability to make decisions, or to participate in decision-making, as far as they are able to do so.

1. A person must be assumed to have capacity unless it is established that he/she lacks capacity.

2. A person is not to be treated as unable to make a decision unless all practicable steps to help him/her to do so have been taken without success.

3. A person is not to be treated as unable to make a decision merely because he/she makes an unwise decision.

4. An act done, or decision made, under this Act for or on behalf of a person who lacks capacity must be done, or made, in his/ her best interests.

5. Before the act is done, or the decision is made, regard must be had to whether the purpose for which it is needed can be as effectively achieved in a way that is less restrictive of the person's rights and freedom of action.

Summary of other key elements of the Act

The Act makes provision for people to plan ahead for a time when they may need support. This introduces advanced decisions to refuse treatment.

The Act is decision specific in that it deals with difficulties a person may have with a particular issue.

The Act upholds the principle of Best Interest for the individual concerned.

A Court of Protection will help with difficult decisions. The Office of the Public Guardian (formerly Public Guardianship Office), the administrative arm of the Court of Protection, will help the Act work.

An Independent Mental Capacity Advocate (IMCA) service will provide help for people who have no intimate support network.

The Act makes it a criminal offence to willfully neglect someone without capacity.

The Act generally applies only to those over the age of 16 years, although may apply to some younger people if it is supposed that their capacity will continue to be impaired into adulthood.

The following orders have been made under this section:

The new measures that the Act introduced were:

April 2007

October 2007

In response to the ruling by the European Court of Human Rights in HL v UK (2004) (the 'Bournewood' judgment) the Act was amended by the Mental Health Act 2007 in July that year. These additions are known as the Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards ( DoLS), and were implemented in April 2009. These amendments created administrative procedures to ensure the Act's processes are observed in cases of adults who are, or may be, deprived of their liberty in care homes or hospitals, thus protecting health and social care providers from prosecution under human rights legislation.

Key elements of the DoLS are that the person must be provided with a representative and given the right to challenge the deprivation of liberty through the Court of Protection, and that there must be a mechanism for the deprivation of liberty to be reviewed and monitored regularly.

The DoLS were introduced in response to the Bournewood case, on which the European Court of Human Rights ruled in October 2004 ( HL v United Kingdom) that a detention of an incapacitated patient which did not comply with Article 5 of the European Convention on Human Rights had taken place; in particular, a person who is detained must be told the reasons for the detention and must also, under Article 5(4), have the right of speedy access to a court to appeal against the detention.

UK legislation

Atkinson, J. (2006) Private and Public Protection: Civil Mental Health Legislation, Edinburgh, Dunedin Academic Press

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Mental Capacity Act 2005 (c 9) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom applying to England and Wales. Its primary purpose is to provide a legal framework for acting and making decisions on behalf of adults who lack the capacity to make particular decisions for themselves.

# data[].attributes.body
Gray, K. (2014). A Day in the Life of a Paranoid Schizophrenic. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/katy-gray/paranoid-schizophrenic-world-mental-health-day_b_5958712.html

# data[].attributes.body
Feliciano, P. (2000). Schizophrenia exomes. Nature Genetics, 45(9), 969. doi:10.1038/ng.2750

# data[].attributes.body
Haukka, J., Tiihonen, J., Härkänen, T., & Lönnqvist, J.(2008) Association between medication and risk of suicide, attempted suicide and death in nationwide cohort of suicidal patients with schizophrenia. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety,17(7), 686-696. doi:10.1002/pds.1579

# data[].attributes.body
Cohen D. (2002). A critical appraisal and implications for social work education. Journal of Social Work Education,38(2), 217.

# data[].attributes.body
Cohen D. (2002). A critical appraisal and implications for social work education.. Journal of Social Work Education,38(2), 217.

# data[].attributes.body
Haukka, J., Tiihonen, J., Härkänen, T., & Lönnqvist, J. (2008). Association between medication and risk of suicide, attempted suicide and death in nationwide cohort of suicidal patients with schizophrenia. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety . 17(7), 686-696. doi:10.1002/pds.1579

# data[].attributes.body
Cohen, D. (2002) Research on the drug treatment of schizophrenia: A critical appraisal and implications for social work education, Journal of Social Work Education , 38 (2), 217-239.

# data[].attributes.body
Feliciano,P. (2002), Schizophrenia Exomes, Nature Genetics, 45(9), 969. doi:10.1038/ng.2750

# data[].attributes.body
Feliciano, P. (2000). Schizophrenia Exomes. Nature Genetics. 45(9), 969.  doi:10.1038/ng.2750

# data[].attributes.body
Feliciano, P. (2000). Schizophrenia exomes. Nature Genetics, 45(9), 969. doi:10.1038/ng.2750

# data[].attributes.body
Mental Capacity Act 2005.Wikipedia. (2015). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_Capacity_Act_2005

# data[].attributes.body
Mental Health Act 1983. Available at: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1983/20/contents

# data[].attributes.body
Haukka, J., Tiihonen, J., Härkänen, T., & Lönnqvist, J. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, Association between medication and risk of suicide, attempted suicide and death in nationwide cohort of suicidal patients with schizophrenia. (2008). 17(7), 686-696. doi:10.1002/pds.1579

# data[].attributes.body
Gray, Katy.A Day in the Life of a Paranoid Schizophrenic. (2014). Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/katy-gray/paranoid-schizophrenic-world-mental-health-day_b_5958712.html Accessed: 18 February 2016.

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The Guardian. (2015, October ). Rise in Mental Health detentions shows ‘services are struggling’. Gani, A., Meikle, J. Accessed: http://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/oct/23/mental-health-act-detentions-rise-10

# data[].attributes.body
(2000). Feliciano, P. Schizophrenia exomes. Nature Genetics, 45(9), 969. doi:10.1038/ng.2750

# data[].attributes.body
Cohen, D. Research on the drug treatment of schizophrenia: A critical appraisal and implications for social work education. (2002). Journal of Social Work Education, 38(2), 217.