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Lesson 1. Daily routines - Details - Kahoot!

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Create interactive quizzes, polls, presentations, and more to engage your audience.

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Woodward English - Learning English - Teaching English

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What is an adjective?

An adjective is a word that describes something (a noun).
An adjective gives us more information about a person or thing.

Correct order of adjectives

Adjectives sometimes appear after the verb To Be (CARD - LINK TO VIDEO)

The order is To Be + Adjective.

Adjectives sometimes appear before a noun.

The order is Adjective + Noun.

BUT... Sometimes you want to use more than one adjective to describe something (or someone).

What happens if a hat is both brown AND old?

Do we say... an old brown hat OR a brown old hat?

An old brown hat is correct because a certain order for adjectives is expected.

A brown old hat sounds incorrect or not natural.

So what is the correct order of adjectives before a noun?

The order of adjectives before a noun is usually the following:
Opinion - Size - Age - Shape - Color - Origin - Material - Purpose
If we take the first letter of each one, it creates OSASCOMP which is an easy way to remember the order.

Let's look at an example about describing a bag.

It is an ugly small old thin red Italian cotton sleeping bag

It is not common to have so many adjectives before a noun, but I do this so you can see the correct order of adjectives.

Ugly is an opinion, small is a size, old refers to age, thin refers to shape, red is a color, Italian refers to its origin, cotton refers to the material the bag is made of, sleeping is the purpose of the bag.

I will go into more details about each of these categories in a moment. First, let's see two more examples:

A beautiful long white French silk wedding dress.

Large ancient Greek clay flower vases.

Let's study the first one.

Here we have a dress. Dress is a noun, the name of a thing. Let's describe this dress.

What type of dress is it? What is the purpose of this dress?
It is used for weddings so it is...

Let's image the dress is made of silk. It isn't made of plastic or gold, it is made of silk.
Silk is a material so it goes before the purpose. We say it is:

Now, this dress was made in France. France is a noun, its adjective is French.
Its origin is French. Its origin, French, goes before the material, Silk. So we say it is:

Let's add the color of the dress. What color is it? White. Color goes before Origin so we say it is:

What is the shape of this dress? Is it long or short? It is long. The adjective Long goes under the category of shape because shape also covers weight or length. (We will see more about this in a moment) We now say it is:

a long white French silk wedding dress.

Let's add one more adjective. Is the dress beautiful or ugly? Well, you should always say it is beautiful or it will ruin her wedding day.
Beautiful is an opinion and adjectives about opinions go before all the other adjectives. So our final description of the dress is:

a beautiful long white French silk wedding dress.

Now of course we don't normally add so many adjectives before a noun. This example is just to show you the order of adjectives.

The order is NOT fixed

IMPORTANT: The order of adjectives before a noun is NOT 100% FIXED.

This chart is only a guide and is the order that is preferred.

You may see or hear slight variations of the order of adjectives in real life though what appears in the chart is the order that is expected the most.

Now, let's look at each type of adjective in more detail (with examples)...

Types of Adjectives

OPINION

Opinion: These adjectives explain what we think about something. This is our opinion, attitude or observations that we make. Some people may not agree with you because their opinion may be different. These adjectives almost always come before all other adjectives.

Some examples of adjectives referring to opinion are:

delicious, lovely, nice, cool, pretty, comfortable, difficult

For example: She is sitting in a comfortable green armchair.

Comfortable is my opinion or observation, the armchair looks comfortable. The armchair is also green.
Here we have two adjectives. The order is comfortable green armchair because Opinion (comfortable) is before Color (green).

SIZE

Size: Adjectives about size tell us how big or small something is.

Some examples of adjectives referring to size are:

big, small, tall, huge, tiny, large, enormous

For example: a big fat red monster.

Notice how big is first because it refers to size and fat is next because it refers to shape or weight. Then finally we have the color red before the noun.

AGE

Age: Adjectives of age tell us how old someone or something is. How old is it?

Some examples of adjectives referring to age are:

old, young, new, antique, ancient

For example: a scary old house

Scary is my opinion, old refers to the age of the house. Scary is before old because opinion is before age.

SHAPE

Shape: Also weight and length. These adjectives tell us about the shape of something or how long or short it is. It can also refer to the weight of someone or something.

Some examples of adjectives referring to shape are:

round, square, long, fat, heavy, oval, skinny, straight

For example: a small round table.

What is the shape of the table? It is round.
What is the size of the table? It is small.
The order is small round table because size is before shape.

COLOR

Color: The color or approximate color of something.

Some examples of adjectives referring to color are:

green, blue, reddish, purple, pink, orange, red, black, white

(adding ISH at the end makes the color an approximate color, in this case reddish is "approximately red")

Our example: a long yellow dress.

What is the color of the dress? It is yellow.
The dress is also long. Long which is an adjective of shape or more precisely length, is before an adjective of color.

ORIGIN

Origin: Tells us where something is from or was created.

Some examples of adjectives referring to origin are:

American, British, Indian, Turkish, Chilean, Australian, Brazilian

Remember, nationalities and places of origin start with a capital letter.

For example: an ancient Egyptian boy.

His origin is Egyptian. Egyptian needs to be with a capital E which is the big E.
Ancient refers to age so it goes before the adjective of origin.

MATERIAL

Material: What is the thing made of or what is it constructed of?

Some examples of adjectives referring to material are:

gold, wooden, plastic, synthetic, silk, paper, cotton, silver

For example: a beautiful pearl necklace

Pearl is a material. They generally come from oysters.
The necklace is made of what material? It is made of pearls.
The necklace is also beautiful so I put this adjective of opinion before the adjective referring to material.

PURPOSE

Purpose: What is it used for? What is the purpose or use of this thing? Many of these adjectives end in

-ING but not always.

Some examples of adjectives referring to purpose are:

gardening (as in gardening gloves), shopping (as in shopping bag), riding (as in riding boots)

Our example: a messy computer desk

What is the purpose of the desk? It is a place for my computer, it is designed specifically to use with a computer. It is a computer desk. In this case, the desk is also very messy. Messy is an opinion. Some people think my desk is messy. So, the order is opinion before purpose.

So this is the general order of adjectives in English and you can remember them by the mnemonic OSASCOMP.

BUT did you know that we could add some extra categories?

BONUS ADJECTIVE GROUPS

We can add the adjective categories of Number and Condition.

NUMBER

Number: Tells us the amount or quantity of something.

It is not only for normal cardinal numbers like, one, two, three... but also other words that refer to quantity such as many or several.

Our examples of adjectives referring to numbers are:

One, two, three, many, several

For example: three hungry dogs

Number adjectives go before all the other adjectives, including adjectives about opinion.
Hungry is a condition or state so the order is Three hungry dogs.

CONDITION

Condition: Tells us the general condition or state of something

Our examples of adjectives referring to condition or state are:

Clean, wet, rich, hungry, broken, cold, hot, dirty

For example: Two smelly old shoes.

Smelly is a condition or state. Smelly is before old which refers to age. The number two is at the beginning as numbers always are.

Adjectives - Word Order - Summary Chart

Adjectives Word Order - Practice Quiz

Lesson tags: Adjectives, Grammar, Mnemonics, Parts of Speech, Vocabulary, Word Order

Back to: English Course > Descriptions in English

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Adjectives - Word Order Woodward English

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The correct order of adjectives before a noun in English - Opinion, Size, Age, Shape, Color, Original, Material, Purpose (OSASCOMP)

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how to use time sequences with examples and meanings in English

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What do you call ...

... the father of your father? __________________________

... the daughter of your sister? __________________________

... the wife of your brother? __________________________

... the son of your parents? __________________________

... the sister of your father? __________________________

... the mother of your grandfather? __________________________

... the son of your uncle? __________________________

... the daughter of your aunt? __________________________

... the mother of your wife? __________________________

... the son of your husband's first marriage?__________________________

... what do you call the family of your husband? _____________________

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Create interactive quizzes, polls, presentations, and more to engage your audience.

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Listen to the school assembly about how to study and do the exercises to practise and improve your listening skills.

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Мы не будем приводить здесь полный анатомический справочник, но рассмотрим основные общепринятые названия частей человеческого тела на английском языке.

Голова и лицо

Известно, что маленькие дети в первую очередь учатся распознавать и называть черты лица. Так и мы начнем изучать названия частей тела сверху, с головы.

Несколько примеров с этими словами:

I've got toothache. - У меня болит зуб.

Where does Sarah normally get her hair cut? - Где обычно стрижется Сара?

The actress had pale blue eyes and a little snub nose. - У актрисы были голубые глаза и маленький курносый нос.

Lenny had beaten his tongue. - Ленни прикусил язык.

В английском языке слово hair, как правило, используется как неисчисляемое существительное и значит собирательное "волосы". Но если речь идет об одном волосе, то добавляют артикль - a hair.

Открыть диалоговое окно с формой по клику

Туловище

Теперь рассмотрим основные части человеческого туловища:

Вот как можно использовать их в речи:

My neck was so sore. - У меня так сильно тянуло шею.

Ann hasn't gone running today because she still has a bad chest. - Энн не пошла бегать сегодня, потому что у нее до сих пор боль в груди.

This green dress emphasizes your narrow waist. - Это зеленое платье подчеркивает вашу узкую талию.

Andrew was laying on his back. - Эндрю лежал на спине.

Занимайтесь английским бесплатно!

Выполняйте интерактивные упражнения и прокачивайте языковые навыки

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Конечности

Конечности по-английски называются limbs. Но, как и в русском, отдельные части рук и ног имеют разные названия, даже пальцы на них.

Руки

Например:

My daughter got her index finger caught in a dresser drawer and now it hurts. - Моя дочь прищемила указательный палец ящиком комода, и теперь он болит.

We have to wash our hands more often. - Мы должны чаще мыть руки.

Eric is going to get a tattoo on his left arm. - Эрик собирается набить татуировку на левой руке.

Ноги

Примеры из повседневной речи:

I still cannot find knee-length shorts in this shop. - Я все еще не могу найти шорты по колено в этом магазине.

You need to get the weight on your heels. - Вам нужно перенести вес на пятки.

This holiday period is always giving me itchy feet. - В период праздников мне всегда хочется уехать куда-нибудь. ( Itchy - зудящий; itchy feet - "желание уехать куда-нибудь в новое место").

Внутренние органы

Если вы интересуетесь медициной или любите сериалы про докторов в оригинале (например, House M.D. или Grey's Anatomy), вам пригодятся эти слова:

Несколько примеров с названиями внутренних органов:

It was discovered that COVID-19 primarily affects lungs. - Было обнаружено, что COVID-19 в первую очередь влияет на работу легких.

It's better not to workout on a full stomach. - Лучше не тренироваться на полный желудок.

The patient was just told that he had a kidney stone. - Пациенту только что сказали, что у него камень в почках.

Скелет

Заглянем еще дальше внутрь человеческого тела и узнаем, как называются основные части скелета:

The doctors will take another look at the X-rays of your skull. - Врачи еще раз изучат рентгеновский снимок вашего черепа.

Daniel has got broken bones on his right hand. - У Дэниела сломаны кости на правой руке.

Take care of your knee joints. - Берегите коленные суставы.

Кровеносные сосуды, мускулы и соединительные ткани

Еще больше анатомических подробностей:

Примеры:

Medical staff is trying to restart his heart. - Медперсонал пытается запустить его сердце.

Kate fell badly on the skating rink and teared the tendons in her right ankle. - Кейт больно упала на катке и растянула сухожилия на правой лодыжке.

Regular physical activity can help to tone your muscles. - Регулярные физические упражнения могут помочь привести в тонус ваши мышцы.

Носители языка редко говорят "abdominal muscles" ("брюшные мышцы") и предпочитают вместо этого сокращение abs. В неформальной беседе вы также можете услышать такие выражения как six-pack (потому что шесть кубиков пресса напоминают вид сверху на упаковку из шести банок пива или другого напитка) или washboard abs (когда мышцы пресса такие же жесткие, как стиральная доска).

I dream of six-pack abs. - Я мечтаю о кубиках пресса.

Rocky had washboard abs. - У Рокки был стальной пресс.

10 сленговых названий для частей тела

Теперь немного отвлечемся от анатомии и поговорим о частях тела сленговыми выражениями на английском. Надеемся, вам не придется это услышать, так как сленг на тему тела обычно обидный и касается лишнего веса:

Дословно это выражение переводится как "индюшиная шея". Так носители языка называют складку жира под подбородком или двойной подбородок ( double chin).

Only plastic surgery completely removes a turkey neck. - Только пластическая хирургия полностью убирает второй подбородок.

Nancy looks like she has a double chin on this photo. - На этой фотографии Нэнси выглядит так, будто у нее есть второй подбородок.

Chubby означает "пухлый" в хорошем смысле. Обычно так говорят про маленьких детей, которые выглядят очень мило со своими пухленькими щечками. Если так говорят про взрослого, то обычно это в значении "круглолицый".

Nastya's chubby cheeks remind me of the fresh-baked pies from the school canteen. - Настины пухлые щечки напоминают мне свежеиспеченные пирожки из школьной столовой.

"Крыльями летучей мыши" носители английского языка называют дряблые мышцы плеч (от плечевых суставов до локтей), которые особенно заметны, если вытянуть руки в стороны. Так же называют тип широких рукавов на одежде, которые сужаются к запястью.

What exercises can help me tone my bat wings? - Какие упражнения помогут мне привести в тонус дряблые мышцы рук?

Это слово в английском языке появилось в результате слияния слов man (мужчина) и boobs (сленговое выражение для слова "грудь"). В итоге так называют складки жира в районе груди у мужчин с избыточным весом.

Stuart's moobs bounce when he runs. - У Стюарта грудь трясется, когда он бегает.

Если вы представляете себе верхнюю часть маффина, то легко проведете аналогию с выпирающим животом из очень узких брюк или джинсов.

Stylists advise choosing jeans of larger size to prevent the "muffin-top" effect. - Стилисты советуют выбирать джинсы большего размера, чтобы не выглядеть как верхушка маффина.

Это выражение буквально переводится как "запасная шина" или просто "шина", а на русском мы говорим "спасательный круг", имея в виду жир вокруг талии. Кстати, в американском английском слово "шина" пишется с буквой i - tire.

Samanta decided to cut down on junk food because she is troubled with her spare tyre. - Саманта решила меньше есть фастфуда, потому что ей не нравится ее "спасательный круг".

Дословно это означает "пивной живот" или "живот как горшок" и означает очень выдающийся вперед живот, который появляется от злоупотребления пивом или другой калорийной пищей.

If Tom doesn't get his beer belly under control, we'll ask him to play Santa Claus next year. - Если Том не займется своим "пивным животом", мы позовем его играть Санта-Клауса в следующем году.

Jack would never wear a tight shirt over his pot belly. - Джек никогда бы не надел узкую рубашку поверх своего выпирающего живота.

Изначально седельными мешками назывались мешки или сумки, свисающие по бокам лошади по обе стороны от седла. В данном случае речь идет о полных бедрах: в русской разговорной речи их называют "галифе".

Saddle bags or not, my wife is beautiful. - C "галифе" или без, моя жена все равно прекрасна.

Слово stovepipe означает "дымоход, дымовая труба". Это выражение описывает массивные полные ноги, которые напоминают дымоходные трубы. Также этим словом носители языка называют прямой фасон брюк или джинс.

That woman with stovepipe legs might have varicose veins. - У той женщины с толстыми ногами может быть варикоз.

Это комбинация слов calf (икра) и ankle (лодыжка). Так говорят об очень полных голенях, когда практически не видно лодыжек.

If I wear these boots with black jeans, nobody will notice my cankles. - Если я надену эти ботинки с черными джинсами, никто не заметит моих толстых лодыжек.

Заключение

Тело человека - тема, близкая каждому. Мы говорим про части нашего тела, когда выбираем одежду, жалуемся на дискомфорт, обсуждаем спорт и здоровое питание. Не обойтись без этих слов на приеме у врача или в салоне красоты. Даже просто описать свою или чужую внешность без знания этой лексики не получится.

Проверьте, знаете ли вы 100 главных английских слов
Смежные темы: "Боль моя...": учимся жаловаться на здоровье по-английски "Расскажи мне о себе": описание внешности человека на английском

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Названия частей человеческого тела на английском

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Если вы еще не знаете, как на английском языке сказать продавцу, что вы хотите шорты по колено, врачу - что у вас болит зуб, тренеру - что мечтаете о шикарном прессе, прочитайте нашу статью. Сегодня изучаем не только английский, но и введение в анатомию.

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Do you like eating out? Check out these reviews of the trendiest places to eat and improve your reading skills.

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Spoken English - Пособие по разговорной речи_Голицынский_1998 (with Audio)

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Make a list of daily activities

First, you need to think about your daily activities. You can make a list of everyday activities: wake up/get up, brush my teeth, have/eat breakfast (or have something FOR breakfast), have a shower, get dressed, go to work/shool, get to work/school, check my emails, check my social media, work ON my computer, have lessons, have/eat lunch, finish work, go home, get home, walk my dog, do my homework, surf the internet, go running, go to the gym, have/eat dinner, read, watch TV, go to bed.

Note that we say go/get home (NOT go/get to home), and we say go/get to school, go/get to work and go to bed (NOT go to the school/work/bed)

You can learn the different ways to use the verb go here.

Write present simple sentences

When we talk about routines or habits, we use the present simple. So we can write present simple sentences using the verbs in our list of activities: I have a shower. I brush my teeth. I have coffee and toast for breakfast. Etc.

Use adverbs of frequency

If we use some adverbs of frequency in our sentences, our text will be better. For example, I usually have coffee and toast for breakfast, but sometimes I don't have breakfast.

Use connectors and time expressions

Connectors

Now we should add connectors in our text, such as and, or, but, because, so.
For example, imagine we have these two sentences: I get up at 7.30. I brush my teeth. They sound like a list. So we can use and to put the two sentences together: I get up at 7:30 and I brush my teeth.

Time expressions

In addition, you should use time words to connect the different sentences. Some time words are:

After that, ...

After breakfast/work/school/dinner

In the morning/afternoon/evening, ...

At (time), ...

Then, ...

Next, ...

... and then ...

When I ...

... from (time) to (time)

Look at this text:
I get up at 7:30 and I brush my teeth. I have a shower and get dressed. I have breakfast and prepare my lunch. I drive to work.
Now look at the same text with time expressions:
I get up at 7:00 and I brush my teeth. I have a shower and get dressed. Then, I have breakfast and I prepare my lunch. Next, I drive to work.
The second paragraph sounds much better.

Write three paragraphs

We can organise the sentences into three paragraphs:

Paragraph 1: My morning activities

Paragraph 2: Activities during the day

Paragraph 3: Evening activities

Example:
I get up at 7:00 and I brush my teeth. After that, I have a shower and get dressed. Then, I have breakfast and I prepare my lunch. Next, I drive to work. When I get to work at 8:30, I usually check my emails and work on the computer. At 1:00, I have lunch with my co-workers. After that, we work until 5:30 and then I go home. I get home at around 6. After work, I usually go running or I read. Then I make my lunch. I usually have a salad and some fruit, but on Fridays, I often eat pizza. Next, I watch some TV and I go to bed.

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Writing about my daily routine - Test-English

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First, you need to think about your daily activities. You can make a list of everyday activities: wake up/get up, brush my teeth, have/eat breakfast (or have something FOR breakfast), have a shower, get dressed, go to work/shool, get to work/school, check my emails, check my social media, work ON my computer, have lessons, have/eat lunch, finish work, go home, get home, walk my dog, do my homework, surf the internet, go running, go to the gym, have/eat dinner, read, watch TV, go to bed.

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Listen to the five airport announcements and do the exercises to practise and improve your listening skills.

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Inside Jessica Alba's Dream Family Home | Open Door | Architectural Digest

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