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November 8, 1932: Franklin D. Roosevelt Elected President

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November 8, 1932: Franklin D. Roosevelt Elected President

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In a landslide victory, Franklin D. Roosevelt defeats incumbent Herbert Hoover, promising a 'New Deal' for the American people during the depths of the Great Depression. His message of hope and change resonates with millions of struggling Americans.

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March 4, 1933: Roosevelt's Inauguration and Bank Holiday

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March 4, 1933: Roosevelt's Inauguration and Bank Holiday

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In his inaugural address, FDR declares 'the only thing we have to fear is fear itself.' Immediately after taking office, he declares a national 'bank holiday' to prevent further bank collapses and restore confidence in the banking system.

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Congress passes the Emergency Banking Act, which stabilizes the banking system through federal inspection and backing of banking institutions. This marks the beginning of federal oversight of banking operations.

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March 31, 1933: Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Established

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March 31, 1933: Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Established

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The CCC provides jobs for young men in conservation and development of natural resources. Over its nine-year existence, the program employs over 3 million young men who plant over 3 billion trees and construct trails and shelters in more than 800 parks nationwide.

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May 12, 1933: Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Created

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May 12, 1933: Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Created

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The TVA is established to provide electricity and flood control to the Tennessee Valley region, one of the poorest in the nation. This project demonstrates government's new role in regional planning and development.

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June 16, 1933: National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)

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June 16, 1933: National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)

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This act establishes the Public Works Administration (PWA) and National Recovery Administration (NRA) to regulate industry and create public works projects. It sets standards for wages, working hours, and eliminates child labor.

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Also known as the Wheeler-Howard Act, this legislation reverses the Dawes Act, returning lands to tribal ownership and allowing Native Americans greater autonomy in managing their affairs.

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June 28, 1934: Securities and Exchange Commission Created

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June 28, 1934: Securities and Exchange Commission Created

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The SEC is established to regulate the stock market and prevent corporate abuses relating to the sale of securities and corporate reporting, restoring public confidence in the stock market.

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This landmark legislation creates the Social Security system, providing pensions for the elderly and establishing a system of unemployment insurance. It remains one of the most significant and lasting achievements of the New Deal.

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July 5, 1935: National Labor Relations Act

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July 5, 1935: National Labor Relations Act

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Also known as the Wagner Act, this law guarantees workers' rights to unionize and engage in collective bargaining. It establishes the National Labor Relations Board to protect workers' rights.

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April 8, 1935: Works Progress Administration (WPA)

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April 8, 1935: Works Progress Administration (WPA)

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The largest New Deal agency, the WPA employs millions of people to carry out public works projects. It also funds various arts projects, employing artists, writers, musicians and actors, leaving a lasting cultural legacy.

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Roosevelt's attempt to balance the budget by cutting spending leads to an economic downturn known as the 'Roosevelt Recession.' This setback demonstrates the continuing challenges of economic recovery and the government's role in maintaining economic stability.