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The Al-Aqsa Mosque is situated in the Old City of Jerusalem, on the Temple Mount, known as Haram al-Sharif in Arabic. It is a sacred site in Islam and holds cultural and historical significance for Muslims around the world.

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On the direction of the Zengid ruler Nur ad-Din, an Aleppo-based craftsman by the name of Akhtarini constructed the mosque's minbar. It took six years to construct (1168–174) and was meant to be a gift for the mosque when Nur ad-Din would liberate Jerusalem from the Crusaders. After Nur ad-Din passed away, the Crusaders continued to rule Jerusalem, but in 1187 Saladin overran the city and built the minbar. Ivory and expertly crafted wood made up the structure. The woodwork featured geometric and floral patterns as well as Arabic calligraphy.
A far more straightforward minbar was used in its place when it was destroyed by Rohan in 1969. A new minbar was built in February 2007, as promised in January by Adnan al-Husayni, head of the Islamic waqf in charge of al-Aqsa. Jamil Badran created the new minbar's design in just five years, working from an identical reproduction of the Saladin Minbar as his model. The actual minbar was constructed in Jordan over the course of four years, and the craftsman used "ancient woodworking methods, joining the pieces with pegs instead of nails, but employed computer images to design the pulpit [minbar]."

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The Al-Aqsa Mosque was founded in the year 705 CE under the direction of the Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik. Initially designed in the distinct Umayyad architectural style, the mosque has undergone several transformations and expansions over the centuries. These changes were influenced by architectural trends of different eras, resulting in a captivating blend of Umayyad, Abbasid, Fatimid, and Crusader architectural elements.

The mosque's layout comprises a spacious prayer hall supported by rows of columns, a feature common to many Islamic prayer spaces. As time went on, minarets, courtyards, and additional structures were incorporated into the complex, contributing to its unique character.

Throughout history, the Al-Aqsa Mosque has stood witness to numerous historical events, religious significance, and cultural shifts. It remains a vital symbol of faith for Muslims and a source of intrigue for those captivated by its architectural and historical significance.

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According to the Fatimid caliph al-Mustansir Billah's directions, the mosque's front was constructed around 1065 CE. A balustrade made up of arcades and tiny columns served as its cap. The facade was harmed by the Crusaders, but it was rebuilt by the Ayyubids. The facade's tiled covering was one addition. The crusader structures in Jerusalem provided the sculpted, ornamental material used in the facade's arches. The facade comprises of fourteen stone arches, the majority of which are Romanesque in design. The Mamluks expanded the arches on the exterior in a same manner. Through the central arch of the front, one enters the mosque.
The porch can be seen at the very top of the facade. Saladin's nephew al-Mu'azzam Isa gave the order to build the porch in 1217, but the Knights Templar constructed the porch's centre bays during the First Crusade.

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File:Al-Aqsa Mosque (Temple Mount, Jerusalem, 2008).jpg - Wikipedia

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The Al-Aqsa Mosque, located in Jerusalem, holds immense significance in the Islamic world. It's one of the holiest sites in Islam, following Mecca and Medina. The mosque is part of the larger Al-Haram al-Sharif compound, which also houses the Dome of the Rock. This historical and spiritual complex is revered by Muslims as the place where the Prophet Muhammad's Night Journey occurred. Its stunning architecture and rich history make it a focal point for both religious and cultural reasons.

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The original Abd al-Malik dome is no longer visible. The current dome is modelled after the dome of az-Zahir, which was made of wood and was covered in lead enamelwork before being destroyed by fire in 1969. It is now composed of concrete and covered in lead sheeting.

The Great Mosque of Sousse (850) and the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus (715) are the other two domes constructed in front of the mihrab during the Umayyad and Abbasid periods, respectively. The dome's inside is painted with ornamentation from the 14th century. The paintings, which were destroyed in the 1969 fire and thought to be beyond repair, were totally rebuilt using the trateggio technique, which uses thin vertical lines to separate restored portions from original ones.

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File:Dome of the Al-Aqsa Mosque (20160).jpg - Wikipedia