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resistor

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An open-loop control system can be converted in to close loop control system by adding feedback. this feedback automatically makes satisfactory changes in the output due to external disturbances.

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An open-loop control system can be converted in to close loop control system by adding feedback. this feedback automatically makes satisfactory changes in the output due to external disturbances.

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Add sensors to measure the output or relevant variables of the system. These sensors provide feedback about the system's actual performance.

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Traditional lighting system uses open loop control method since it requires human as input to switch on the switch. It can then further be integrated with sensors like Light Dependent Resistor that changes its resistance based on the intensity of light. This sensors continuously reads the intensity of light and then therefore will switch on the light when the light intensity falls below a certain threshold and turn off when goes beyond that threshold

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Automatic washing machine

Typical washing machine will only wash even though desired cleanliness is not achieved.

Closed-loop washing machine can utilise sensors to detect and ensure cleanliness of clothes is as desired.

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An open-loop system is a system in which the output does not affect the input. A closed-loop system, on the other hand, is a system in which the output of the system is used as the input to the system, creating a feedback loop. To convert an open-loop system into a closed-loop system using only passive elements, you will need to use a passive element such as a resistor, capacitor, or inductor to create the feedback loop

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open loop - just set a desired temperatuee

closed loop - with temperature sensor, it will detect the actual room temperature and adjust it to desired one if it drop

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To convert an open-loop system into a closed-loop system using only passive elements, you will need to use a passive element such as a resistor, capacitor, or inductor to create the feedback loop.

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To transition from an open-loop to a closed-loop control system, start by incorporating feedback mechanisms such as sensors to measure the system's output. Next, select a suitable controller to process the feedback and generate corrective signals to adjust the system's behavior. Connect the feedback signal to the controller, ensuring it can effectively influence the system's inputs. Fine-tune the controller settings to optimize performance, stability, and response time, and thoroughly test the closed-loop system. Iterate on the design and tuning process as necessary until the system meets desired specifications, ensuring a smooth transition to closed-loop control.

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An example of an open-loop system that can be converted to a closed-loop system is a temperature control system for a room. In an open-loop system, the heater or air conditioner operates without feedback from the actual temperature in the room. This means it doesn't adjust its output based on the current temperature.

To convert this to a closed-loop system, you would incorporate a temperature sensor inside the room. The sensor continuously monitors the room's temperature and provides feedback to the controller. The controller then adjusts the heater or air conditioner's output based on this feedback, ensuring that the room maintains the desired temperature more accurately.

In summary, adding a feedback loop with a temperature sensor allows the system to adjust its output based on the current conditions, making it a closed-loop system.

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An example of an open-loop system that can be converted to a closed-loop system is a thermostat-controlled heating system. In its open-loop form, the thermostat simply turns the heater on or off based on the temperature it senses. However, by adding a feedback mechanism where the thermostat also monitors the actual temperature of the room and adjusts the heater accordingly, it becomes a closed-loop system, providing more precise control over the room temperature.

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To change an open-loop system to closed-loop using only passive elements, you'll need to add a passive component like a resistor, capacitor, or inductor to make the feedback loop.

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Typical traffic light system is dependent on timers only.

Closed-loop trafgic light system can use piezoelectric sensors and other sensors on the roads to detect presence of vehicles.

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Example for a room heater, originally an open system because it does not operate depend on temperature of room, to make it closed system it is added the thermometer to control the heater automatically and more efficient

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Example for a room heater, originally an open system because it does not operate depend on temperature of room, to make it closed system it is added the thermometer to control the heater automatically and more efficient

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Resistors are often used in feedback networks, which are crucial components in closed-loop control systems. In a closed-loop control system, feedback is used to compare the output of the system to a desired reference signal, and the difference (error) between the two is used to adjust the system's behavior. Resistors can be used in feedback networks to create voltage dividers, attenuators, and other circuits that help implement feedback control mechanisms. So, while resistors play a role in closed-loop control systems, they are just one component among many others such as operational amplifiers, sensors, actuators, and control algorithms.

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To convert open loop system to closed loop system, can use a passive element such as a resistor, capacitor, or inductor to create the feedback loop from the output of the open-loop system back to the input. So, the system output affects the input, then it is said it is closed loop system.

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thermostat-controlled heating system. In its open-loop form, the thermostat might simply turn the heater on or off based on a pre-set temperature. However, by adding a feedback mechanism, such as temperature sensors, the system can adjust the heater's output based on the actual temperature, creating a closed-loop system that maintains a more precise temperature setpoint.

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Open loop system can be converted to close loop system by adding feedbacks. this feedback automatically makes satisfactory changes in the output due to external disturbances. in this way, the closed-loop control system is called an automatic control system or feedback control system.

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In an open-loop system, a heater is turned on or off based solely on the temperature setting dialed in by the user. For instance, if you set the thermostat to 20°C, the heater will turn on until the room temperature reaches that setpoint, then it will turn off. However, this system does not consider variations in the environment, such as changes in weather or heat loss from the room, leading to potential temperature fluctuations and energy inefficiency.

To convert this to a closed-loop system, we introduce feedback control. A temperature sensor is added to the room to continuously monitor the actual temperature. The output of this sensor is fed back to the controller, which compares it to the desired setpoint. If the actual temperature deviates from the setpoint, the controller adjusts the heater accordingly to bring the room temperature back to the desired level. This feedback loop enables the system to respond to changes in the environment in real-time, maintaining a more consistent temperature and improving energy efficiency.

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1. Need sensor to measure system output.

2. Controller to proccess the feedback