# data[].attributes.body
During World War II people in ghettos, an unsafe place outside of cities where mostly Jews were kept and watched over, fought against the Germans. Fighting back or resisting something that you think isn't right, means to take a stand, and this is what many teens did. These teenagers were called the "Teen Resistors." These teenagers fought back against the cruel ways of the camps that not just Jews but, French, Polish, British, American, Soviet, and some Germans. An example of a teenager who resisted the Holocaust was Vladka Meed.

# data[].attributes.body
Vladka Meed is a great example of a teenage resistor. Vladka made fake identity papers to secretly gain access to weapons in the ghettos. During this time the Jews in the ghettos were not allowed to keep weapons, but Vladka was able to give the weapons she smuggled to the Jewish fighters. Vladka also was able to smuggle some of the Jewish people out of the ghettos, and eventually some of Jews escaped.

# data[].attributes.body
Vladka's false identification papers helped smuggled weapons and Jews over the Ghettos.

# data[].attributes.body
In the concentration camps during the Holocaust, there was a group of teen Resistors who fought back against the Germans by mailing leaflets. This group of teens were called the White Rose. The names of these teenagers in the White Rose were Sophie Scholl, Christoph Probst, Willi Graf, and Alexander Schmorell. However, this group of teenagers met an sad end as they were killed.

# data[].attributes.body
This video explains the leaflets that were written by the White Rose.

# data[].attributes.headline
The Teenagers who made up the White Rose

# data[].attributes.subject
The Teenagers who made up the White Rose

# data[].attributes.body
This photo shows the teenagers who took part in the White Rose and the battle against the Germans in the camps.

# data[].attributes.body
Frank Blaichman was another teenage resistor during the Holocaust. Frank escaped a ghetto before the Germans took over, and ran to a forest for shelter. He created a squad that would later save 200 Jews. Frank took a risk, and he killed many Germans, ambushed German portals, and disturbed phone lines. A quote from Frank reads, "I'm very proud of what I did all those years... The reality was we had nothing to lose, and our way to survive was to fight."

# data[].attributes.body
Frank in the time he was alive fought until the end. A main event during this time helping the Jews was when he saved 200 Jews in the forest. When Frank was in the ghettos he escaped and took cover in the forest nearby. Later, this forest was used to hide other Jews and he was able to acquire weapons from the Polish Policemen. The squad Frank created eventually took part in destroying telephone lines to stop communication in the camps.

# data[].attributes.body
This was a source used by me to learn more about Frank and his battle against the Germans. This source gives an deep explanation about Frank Blaichman.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Born in the small town of Kamionka, Poland, on December 11, 1922, Frank Blaichman was just sixteen years old when the German army invaded his country in 1939. Following the invasion, German officials issued regulations intended to isolate the Jews and deprive them of their livelihood.

Frank took great risks to help his parents and family survive these hardships. With a bicycle, he rode from the neighboring farms to nearby cities, buying and selling goods at each destination. He refused to wear the Star of David armband and traveled without the required permits, but his courage and fluent Polish ensured his safety.

When word spread that the Jews of Kamionka were to be resettled in a nearby ghetto, Frank hid in a bushy area outside of town. He stayed with a friendly Polish farmer and then joined other Jews hiding in a nearby forest. In the forest, the threat of being discovered was constant and Polish hoodlums beat any women who left the encampment. Frank encouraged the men to organize a defense unit. He obtained firearms by posing as a Polish policeman, using an overcoat he had found.

After a German attack on the partisans' encampment killed eighty Jews, the survivors left the forest to hide with sympathetic farmers. Always on the move, they killed German collaborators, destroyed telephone lines, damaged dairy factories, and ambushed German patrols.

Frank's squad joined a larger all-Jewish unit, with strong ties to the Polish underground and Soviet army. They were responsible for protecting 200 Jews living in a forest encampment. Only 21, he was the youngest platoon commander in the unit and escorted the future prime minister of Poland to a secret meeting with Soviet high command.

He says

"I'm very proud of what I did all those years....The reality was we had nothing to lose, and our way to survive was to fight."

Frank Blaichman's memoir, Rather Die Fighting, was published in 2009 by Arcade Publishing.

Primary resources by the Jewish Partisan Educational Foundation. © 2018 Jewish Partisan Educational Foundation. All Rights Reserved. For more information, go to www.jewishpartisans.org.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Frank Blaichman (Jewish Partisan Educational Foundation biography)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Born in the small town of Kamionka, Poland, on December 11, 1922, Frank Blaichman was just sixteen years old when the German army invaded his country in 1939. Following the invasion, German officials issued regulations intended to isolate the Jews and deprive them of their livelihood.

# data[].attributes.body
Rosa Robota was a 18 year old girl who got captured by the Germans and was brought to a concentration camp. Rosa Robota worked in the clothing apartment in Birkenau. While severing her time in the camp she decided to fight back, and resist. Rosa and other women hid gunpowder under their fingernails to then pass it on to her co-workers. Rosa and her team decided that they were going to blow up the gas chambers and crematoria.

# data[].attributes.body
Rosa Robota and her group of prisoners led an armed resistance. She and others had made bombs to destroy the gas chambers. However the word got out to the SS, and they were going to liquidate the Rosa's squad. On October 7, 1944 the members of the squad revolted, but the Germans came out first. Around 250 prisoners died during this armed resistance and a couple of days later four women were found guilty. The four women were killed.

# data[].attributes.body
This is a photo of Rosa Robota during the time she was alive. She is a strong teenage resistor that risked her life in the camps.

# data[].attributes.body
This is a photo of Frank's squad. The background shows them in a forest where they took shelter from the Germans.

# data[].attributes.body
The impact the teenage Resistors would go down history. The teen Resistors mentioned here had a great impact, because they saved many lives, but some did not make it. Many of these people risked everything they had and resisted by taking a stand. After the Holocaust it took a long time for the Jews to speak up, because of the horror they went through. Today, we now memory the Holocaust and the Teenage Resistors through history.

# data[].attributes.body
This is an informational website that can give you more information about the Holocaust. Including the attempts of the Teenage Resistors.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
One common way of resisting Nazi rule and persecution was participation in resistance groups and networks. These groups had a variety of different aims. Some aimed to sabotage the Nazi war efforts by destroying equipment, some helped people escape from camps and ghettos, and others disseminated anti-Nazi pamphlets.
Youth - Baum Group
The Baum group was an underground resistance movement based in Berlin and led by Herbert and Marianne Baum. The group was founded shortly after the Nazis rise to power in 1933 and its members were mostly young Jews who had Zionist and communist sympathies. Prior to the Second World War, the group focused on producing anti-Nazi leaflets and anti-fascist graffiti.

After 1939, the group's actions became more aggressive. In 1941, they spread information regarding the Nazi atrocities on the eastern front. In 1942, they set fire to a prominent Nazi exhibition in Berlin entitled Soviet Paradise which sought to ridicule communists and identify Jews with the Soviet system. Although the fire was put out fairly quickly, one section of the exhibition was destroyed. The group were severely punished for their actions - in total 32 members of the Baum group were murdered by the Nazis, in addition to several of their family and friends who were sent to concentration camps.
Partisans - Bielski brothers
The Bielski brothers were a group of partisans who survived the Holocaust by hiding in the forests of Belorussia. After their parents and two of their siblings were murdered by the Nazis in the Nowogrodek ghetto, Tuvia, Asael and Zus Bielski escaped fled to the nearby forests. Initially, their aim was to simply survive and rescue their own family. However, the group soon grew and helped others to escape. By 1942, the group had grown to over seven hundred people.

As the Germans increased raids to crack down on the partisans in late 1943, the group moved to the Naliboki forest, west of Minsk, which was less accessible and therefore better protected. The group refused to turn people away, and the community grew to include a synagogue, bakery, school, synagogue and a basic hospital.

As well as ensuring the survival of the group itself, several members also carried out sabotage missions, helped escape attempts, and attacked German and Belorussian officials suspected of antisemitic persecution.

In mid-1944, the area was liberated by the Soviet army. By that time, the group had grown to 1,230 people, 70% of which were women, children, or elderly.
Intellectuals - White Rose Group
The White Rose was a non-Jewish resistance group created by Professor Kurt Huber and his students (including brother and sister Hans and Sophie Scholl) at the University of Munich. The group primarily focused on creating and distributing anti-Nazi pamphlets and anti-Nazi graffiti. They criticised the Nazis persecution and oppression of Jews, and called for wider resistance to Nazi rule.

After starting their anti-Nazi activities in June 1942, and the group continued until the majority of its leadership were arrested by the Gestapo on the 18 February 1943. Most of those arrested were put on trial and executed, including Professor Huber and the Scholl siblings.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
One common way of resisting Nazi rule and persecution was participation in resistance groups and networks. These groups had a variety of different aims. Some aimed to sabotage the Nazi war efforts by destroying equipment, some helped people escape from camps and ghettos, and others disseminated anti-Nazi pamphlets.