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Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) was an Italian polymath of the Renaissance, celebrated for his extraordinary talents in art, science, and engineering. Born in Vinci, near Florence, he was the illegitimate son of a notary and a peasant woman. From a young age, Leonardo showed remarkable artistic ability and was apprenticed to the artist Andrea del Verrocchio in Florence.

He is best known for iconic paintings such as The Last Supper and Mona Lisa, but his interests extended far beyond art. Leonardo studied anatomy, designed machines, explored flight, and filled notebooks with sketches and scientific observations that were centuries ahead of their time.

Leonardo spent much of his career in Milan and later in France, where he died in 1519. His legacy endures as a symbol of the Renaissance ideal—someone who sought to understand and master all aspects of the natural and human world

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Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 15, 1452, in the village of Anchiano, near Vinci, Italy. He was the illegitimate son of a notary, Ser Piero, and a peasant woman named Caterina. Raised by his father’s family, Leonardo showed early artistic talent and, at around age 15, was apprenticed to the renowned Florentine artist Andrea del Verrocchio. There, he learned painting, sculpture, and technical skills.

By his twenties, Leonardo had become an independent master. He painted The Adoration of the Magi (unfinished) and later moved to Milan, where he worked for the powerful Sforza family. During this time, he painted The Last Supper, one of the most iconic religious artworks in history. He also designed weapons, buildings, and theatrical sets, and began his famous notebooks filled with scientific observations and inventions.

Leonardo’s interests were vast—he studied anatomy by dissecting human bodies, explored flight by designing flying machines, and sketched ideas for tanks, bridges, and even scuba gear. His notebooks reveal a mind centuries ahead of its time.

After Milan fell to the French, Leonardo returned to Florence, where he painted the Mona Lisa, perhaps the most famous portrait ever created. He later worked in Rome and eventually accepted an invitation from King Francis I of France to live and work there. Leonardo spent his final years at the Château du Clos Lucé, near Amboise, where he died on May 2, 1519, at the age of 67.

Leonardo da Vinci is remembered not only as a master artist but as a visionary thinker whose curiosity and creativity helped shape the modern world.

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Most Famous Artworks

1. Mona Lisa – A portrait of a woman with a mysterious smile, considered the most famous painting in the world.

2. The Last Supper – A mural showing Jesus and his disciples at their final meal, known for its emotional depth and composition.

3. Vitruvian Man – A drawing of a man with perfect proportions, combining art and science.

4. Lady with an Ermine – A portrait of Cecilia Gallerani holding a white ermine, showing Leonardo’s skill in capturing personality.

5. The Baptism of Christ – Painted with his master Verrocchio, Leonardo contributed the angel and parts of the background.

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1. Flying Machines (Ornithopter & Aerial Screw) – Designs inspired by birds and helicopters, showing his dream of human flight.

2. Parachute – A pyramid-shaped design that could allow a person to land safely from great heights.

3. Armored Vehicle (Tank) – A circular war machine with cannons all around, like an early tank.

4. Self-Supporting Bridge – A portable wooden bridge that could be built quickly without nails or ropes.

5. Mechanical Knight – A robot-like figure that could sit, wave, and move its head—an early concept of robotics.

6. Diving Suit – A leather suit with breathing tubes, designed for underwater exploration or sabotage.

7. Giant Crossbow – A massive weapon meant to intimidate enemies, never built but carefully designed.

8. Anemometer – A tool to measure wind speed, useful for his studies of flight.

9. Multi-Barreled Machine Gun – A rotating weapon with multiple barrels to fire more rapidly.

10. Self-Propelled Cart – A spring-powered cart, considered a forerunner of the modern car.

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Mona lisa

Mona Lisa – A portrait of a woman with a mysterious smile, considered the most famous painting in the world.

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The Last Supper

A mural showing Jesus and his disciples at their final meal, known for its emotional depth and composition.

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Flying Machine (Ornithopter)

Leonardo was fascinated by the idea of human flight. Inspired by birds, he designed a machine with large wings that could flap, powered by human effort. Though it was never built in his lifetime, the ornithopter is considered a brilliant early concept of aviation and a symbol of his dream to make humans fly.

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Armored Vehicle (Early Tank)

Leonardo sketched a circular war machine with sloped armor and cannons all around, designed to move in any direction. It’s often seen as the ancestor of the modern tank. Although it had a mechanical flaw that made it unusable, the design showed his deep understanding of military engineering and innovation.