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The three basic types of memory are sensory, short-term/working, and long-term. All three basic types of memory play important roles in the processing, learning, and retention of information in an educational setting. Understanding the unique functions of each type of memory helps educators in developing instructional strategies that effectively improve student learning.

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Information processing model: Sensory, working, and long term memory | MCAT | Khan Academy

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By receiving and processing the massive amounts of information that kids are exposed to daily, sensory memory serves as the entry point for learning. Students only transfer information from sensory memory to short-term memory when they pay attention to it. This means that in a classroom, attention-grabbing items like visual aids, auditory clues, or stimulating activities have a higher chance of being kept for additional processing.

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Short-term memory/ Working Memory and its Importance in Education

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Working memory, often known as short-term memory, is capable of temporarily storing a small amount of data (about seven items for 15–30 seconds). It enables people to handle and interpret data for use in understanding, reasoning, and problem-solving. Active thinking takes place within working memory, which is why working memory education is important. To solve math problems, comprehending words, or carry out multistep instructions, it enables students to understand and interpret information. Working memory disorders can make it difficult for kids to remember things or comprehend new information.

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Long-term memory and its Importance in Education

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Long-term memory retains huge amounts of information over long periods, ranging from hours to lifetimes.  Explicit memory, which includes facts and experiences, and implicit memory, which includes skills and habits, are the two primary categories. Since long-term memory allows learners to retain and regain knowledge and abilities over time, it is essential for academic achievement. When knowledge transitions from short-term to long-term memory, students are better equipped to recall it when needed—for example, when taking exams or addressing problems in the real world.

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Understanding how learning takes place and is applied in unusual situations requires an understanding of retention and transfer. Both have a strong connection to memory and are essential in determining whether knowledge or abilities picked up in one context are remembered over time and whether they can be applied to different tasks or contexts. Learning over time depends on successful memory. The text states that there is a relationship between learning theory and instruction (Schunk, 2015). Students cannot expand on previous experience or use it in future projects if they cannot retain the information. The process by which data is stored in long-term memory has a major impact on retention. Memory retention is enhanced by learning techniques like review, practice, and repetition.

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Trauma can significantly affect the brain's capacity to process, store, and recall information, as well as memory. Trauma is a fact of life. Veterans and their families deal with the painful aftermath of combat; one in five Americans has been molested; one in four grew up with alcoholics; one in three couples have engaged in physical violence (Daly, 2014).  A person's brain changes significantly after experiencing a traumatic event, such as abuse, assault, or a major accident, which might impair regular memory function. Understanding the changes that occur in the brain during and after trauma, as well as the memory categories impacted, is crucial to comprehending how trauma impacts memory. Important roles in the experience and memory of trauma are played by the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala. Even though there may be fragments in the explicit memories of trauma, the emotional and sensory experiences are still vividly recorded, which can cause intrusive recollections and flashbacks. Developing successful therapy strategies that promote memory integration and emotional healing requires an understanding of the neurobiological effects of trauma on memory.

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Making Relevant Connections and Incorporating Sensory Learning

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2 Strategies that can improve Memory, Retention, and Transfer! 

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2 Strategies that can improve Memory, Retention, and Transfer! 

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Making Relevant Connections and Incorporating Sensory Learning are two strategies that can be utilized in an educational setting to enhance memory, retention, and transfer, especially for students who have suffered trauma.

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These strategies are useful for enhancing memory, retention, and transfer since they include incorporating sensory learning and creating meaningful connections. They make learning easier to maintain and adaptive in both educational and work settings. In a classroom setting, instructors engage readers and help them truly understand the concepts, principles, and theories related to human learning and cognition (Ormrod, 2021). They are especially beneficial for learners who have suffered trauma because they improve emotional control, lessen cognitive overload, and create different avenues for memory recall.

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Making Connections to enhance memory, retention and transfer.

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Making meaningful connections helps the brain retain knowledge in long-term memory, even when trauma can impair the brain's capacity to build coherent, clear memories. Learning becomes more relevant and interesting when it is connected to an individual's experience or past knowledge, which improves retention.

Learners are more likely to apply what they have learned to new situations when they can make connections between what they have studied and real-world uses. Developing a connection between responsibilities and training materials helps improve the practical application of skills in professional settings. This is an example of transferable skills.

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Incorporating Sensory Learning to enhance memory, retention and transfer.

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Incorporating Sensory Learning improves information encoding by stimulating different areas of the brain. In ways that standard visual methods alone might not be able to, sensory experiences might help learners who have suffered trauma attach memories.

By engaging with many different senses, students open more channels for retrieving information. This is especially beneficial for people who suffer from trauma-related memory distortion.

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Daly, S. (2015). The body keeps the score van der kolk bessel the body keeps the score 443pp £25 penguin 9780241003985 0241003989. Emergency Nurse, 22(10), 12–12. https://doi.org/10.7748/en.22.10.12.s13

Ormrod, J. (2021). Human learning (pearson+) (8th ed.). Pearson+.

Schunk, D. H. (2015). Learning theories: An educational perspective, pearson etext -- access card (7th edition) (7th ed.). Pearson.