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The anatomical position is when a person stands upright, faces forward, with arms at their sides and palms facing forward, used as a standard way to describe the body.

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Dorsal means the back side of the body or an animal, like the back of a person or the top of a fish.

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Ventral means the front or belly side of the body or an animal.

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Superior means above or higher up on the body.

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Inferior means below or lower down on the body.

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Prone means lying face down with your back facing up.

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Supine means lying face up with your back facing down.

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Anterior means the front side of the body.

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Posterior means the back side of the body.

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Medial means closer to the middle of the body.

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Lateral means farther away from the middle of the body, toward the sides.

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Deep means farther away from the surface of the body.

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Superficial means closer to the surface of the body.

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Distal means farther from the point of attachment or the body's center.

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Proximal means closer to the point of attachment or the center of the body.

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The transverse plane is a horizontal plane that divides the body into top (superior) and bottom (inferior) parts.

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The sagittal plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into left and right parts.

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The frontal plane (or coronal plane) is a vertical plane that divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) parts.

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Flexion is the movement that decreases the angle between two body parts, typically bending a joint (bending the elbow or knee).

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Extension is the movement that increases the angle between two body parts, typically straightening a joint (straightening the elbow or knee).

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Abduction is the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body (lifting the arm or leg to the side, away from the body).

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Adduction is the movement of a body part toward the midline of the body (bringing the arm or leg back toward the body).

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Pronation is the rotation of the forearm or foot so that the palm or sole is facing downward.

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Supination is the rotation of the forearm or foot so that the palm or sole is facing upward.

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Elevation is the upward movement of a body part, such as lifting the shoulders (shrugging).

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Depression is the downward movement of a body part, such as lowering the shoulders after a shrug.

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Depression is the downward movement of a body part, such as lowering the shoulders after a shrug.

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Circumduction is a circular movement of a body part, such as moving the arm or leg in a circular motion, combining flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.

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External rotation is the rotation of a body part away from the center of the body or the midline. For example, turning the thigh outward.

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Inversion is the movement of the foot where the sole turns inward, toward the midline of the body.

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Eversion is the movement of the foot where the sole turns outward, away from the midline of the body.

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Plantarflexion is the movement of the foot that decreases the angle between the foot and the leg, such as pointing the toes downward.

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Dorsiflexion is the movement of the foot that decreases the angle between the foot and the leg, such as lifting the toes upward toward the shin.