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Authoritative Parenting Faces Challenges in Some Cultures - Will Trimiew

Research by Lansford highlights these challenges, as their cross-cultural study showed that authoritative parenting is not as common and universally associated with positive outcomes in all cultural contexts. Some societies have a more authoritarian approach that is driven by discipline and respect for authority that aligns more closely with cultural values. Which leads to better social adjustment for children. According to Landsford, the effectiveness of authoritative parenting is moderated by cultural context, which shows this style may be less effective in non-Western cultures. My dual perspective is that supporters argue that authoritative parenting combines high responsiveness with demands and can have universal benefits such as self-esteem, social competence, and problem-solving skills. It can also lead to better emotional, academic, and social outcomes compared to authoritarian or permissive styles. There are challenges in non-Western cultures where respect for authority and roles are more central. As Chao (1994) discusses, traditional Chinese parenting aligns more with an authoritarian style and emphasizes conformity, and family cohesion over autonomy. This is common for most cultures that are non-Western which can lead to some challenges when two partners come from different walks of life and are ow rising a child.

Source to support challenges: Chao, R. K. (1994). "Beyond parental control and authoritarian parenting style: Understanding Chinese parenting through the cultural notion of training." Child Development

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As someone who grew up in Louisiana and moved to Virginia at 21, that small cultural shift was shocking to me. Things that my family had raised me to believe was how things were done, were not actually how they were. You grow up thinking that certain things are "parental law." You always believe that what your parents say is true. How many of you grew up believing that it was illegal to turn on the little light on the inside of your vehicle when driving at night? My mom lead me to believe that and I am still scared to death to turn that light on to this day. Children will grow up thinking what you do as a parent is normal and that is how they should parent.

Authoritative parenting can be seen as a more democratic way of parenting. You give the child clear boundaries and rules, but give the resources to succeed. There is wiggle room for conversations to happen and even compromises to happen within the parent and child relationship. Due to some cultures having more strict expectations when it comes to parenting, I believe that this type of parenting does face challenges in some areas of the world. In places where children are expected to hold jobs at a young age or even raise younger siblings.

In one culture, parents don't even speak to their infants for fear of evil spirits possessing their baby and in our culture it is seen as a normal thing to talk to infants to help increase vocabulary. In the article titled Cross-Cultural Similarities and Differences in Parenting it states, "Wide differences also exist with respect to parents’ beliefs about the importance of play and whether they play with their children. Parents in agrarian or hunter-gatherer societies are more likely to regard play as unimportant to child development, whereas parents in industrialized societies are more likely to regard play as a way to foster children’s cognitive and socioemotional development (Roopnarine, 2015)."

Children respond differently to different types of parenting and what we see as normal, may not be normal to other cultures. I do not think this means we should judge other parenting styles in other cultures. Many children grow up in these cultures and are no different than you or I.

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Authoritative Parenting Faces Challenges in Some Cultures- Taylor Kim

Authoritative parenting is the most common and recommended parenting style, especially in the United States. This parenting style is defined by nurture and support while also setting firm boundaries. Communication and listening to the child's view point are other components to this parenting style. Outcomes of children who are parented with an authoritative style includes strong social skills, self discipline, and self esteem.

Although I plan to follow an authoritative approach to parenting with my child; I do not believe this style is accepted/followed in all cultures. Coming from an Asian background, specifically Korean, I can say from experience that most parenting leans towards a authoritarian approach. In Asian countries, there is a notion of obedience and authority of the parent over open communication. This stems from Confucianism where there is an emphasis of hierarchal relationships, along with filial pity (Huang & Gove, 2015). While I do believe younger generations are more open to authoritative style parenting, there is still an underlying tone of strictness and following traditions. I believe components of authoritative parenting such as listening to the child's opinion, is deemed disrespectful in a culture that leans of filial piety.

Huang, G. H. C., & Gove, M. (2015). Asian parenting styles and academic achievement: views from eastern and western perspectives. Education, 135(3), 389+. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A406162572/AONE?u=anon~87885253&sid=googleScholar&xid=fd138737

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Authoritative parenting faces challenges in some cultures. Authoritative parenting involves boundaries and structure, but also listening to the children and balancing authorities with communication.

Where I live in the south, a common thread within parenting styles is for children to be seen but not heard. This popular style of parenting does not allow for the balance found in authoritative parenting. Situations call for nuance, and cultural norms can be barriers to authoritative parenting. In the article Cross-Cultural Similarities and Differences, the author points out that all parents are tasked with teaching communication to their children. When parents talk at children without listening to the child, this communication is broken.

The culture of parents can influence, hinder, or enable authorative parenting.

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Authoritative Parenting Faces Challenges in Some Cultures

I believe that authoritative parenting can face challenges in some cultures for not everyone views things the same. While we tend to view things according to American Culture there are in some cases what we would view as neglectful is the normal in other cultures. According to an article I read by Touro University, "Child-rearing practices in different cultures are actually quite diverse in form, and the influence culture plays is profound." Most parents tend to raise their children with a parenting style fit with the goal in mind of shaping children to become effective adults. While authoritative parenting can be a process of that, how it looks can vary among cultures. Many factors take place as to why there are challenges with authoritative parenting. Some things that affect the way people parent in different cultures include time and effort, living space socioeconomic status, differences in beliefs, as well as a hierarchy within the culture. While authoritative parenting is known as balanced parenting a combination of expectations, security, and support cultural expectations can look different all across the world.

Bernstein, Rebecca. “Child Rearing: Parenting around the World: TUW.” Touro University Worldwide, 29 Jan. 2024, www.tuw.edu/health/child-rearing-practices-different-cultures/.

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Authoritative parenting styles worldwide share something in common: the expectations they demand of their children. These expectations are obedience, respect, academic performance, integrity, and responsibility. These traits are essential to authoritative parents because some may have been raised with these same traits or want to raise their children with these traits to instill and guide them into adulthood. Authoritative parenting styles may not be adequate for the cultural aspect of parenting styles. When expectations become too demanding, it can stress a child's emotional health because of the fear of letting their parents down. The child will feel under pressure if they do not meet the expectations. It can eventually ruin the parent-child relationship later in life. Children will grow into adults and want to be opposite of their parents once they become parents.

Suldo, S.M., Huebner, E.S. The Role of Life Satisfaction in the Relationship between Authoritative Parenting Dimensions and Adolescent Problem Behavior. Social Indicators Research 66, 165–195 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:SOCI.0000007498.62080.1e

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I do not think authorities parenting looks or is the same across all cultures, but I think it can be done. So many cultures have different beliefs, and those beliefs play into effect how their authorities parenting may look. For example, many of us here in American would frown upon a child drinking before the age of 21 and especially frown up family allowing them to drink but, in the article, I posted they talk about how "children in Italy are allowed to taste wine or alcohol with the rest of the families at meals." Can you imagine the look on some families here in our culture if a child was to be drinking alcohol at a family meal. But for that culture it is perfectly acceptable. I also know that in some culture's marriage is promoted and done at a very early age compared to here in America were usually its after someone is older. Authoritative parenting can be done to an extent in all cultures it just may look differently on how it is approached or handled due to culture beliefs and social norms.

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Key points

Parents in different cultures often have very different approaches to parenting.

While children in India have more unstructured playtime, children in the U.S. are often encouraged to think independently from a young age.

Observing how parents in other cultures do things can help us take the best bits from their techniques and implement them.

It's no wonder that parents are so touchy about the best way to raise children. We all like to feel like we know exactly what we are doing, even though we are usually just making things up as we go along.

Parents from various cultures have very different approaches to parenting shouldn't come as a surprise. For instance, in Norway and other Scandinavian countries, fresh air is considered so important that infants are bundled up even in cold winters and nap outside in their strollers. Children in Italy are usually allowed to taste wine or alcohol with the rest of their family during meals. These examples would be seen as shocking in other parts of the world where entire industries are centered around indoor play areas in winter and the legal drinking age of 18 or 21 is adhered to strictly.

Of course, none of these parenting techniques are wrong. They're just different and culture-specific, and each might have advantages. But read the reviews section of any parenting-related book, and it resembles a battleground. Staunch supporters on one side horrified naysayers on the other. Discussing parenting styles touches raw nerves and brings up so many emotions.

Having grown up in a different country from the one I'm raising my daughter, I see differences in the approaches of parents in the two countries. No single parenting style is perfect, and a combination of different styles to suit various situations is probably a better way. Parents from both cultures, Indian and American, can learn from the approaches of each other.

Free play. Children in India have far more unstructured playtime than in America. Free play, when the children decide what to do with their playtime with little to no adult intervention, encourages creativity and independence. Free play is also, and perhaps more importantly, a lot of fun. My toddler watches Peppa Pig, and one of the things that Peppa and George love to do is jump in muddy puddles. We often tell our kids not to do these things, but what's the worst that can happen? An extra load of laundry?

Free thinking. On the other hand, American parents generally do a far better and more conscious job of encouraging independence in their children's opinions and ideas. I'm often amazed at how intelligent and confident American teens are about expressing themselves. At least part of it is because their opinions have not been stifled by parents who tell them that they must defer to adult opinion. Of course, there are exceptions to all this. Not every Indian parent discourages free-thinking in their children and vice versa. Things also change as the newer generations take over. I'm only picking out the trends here.

Cultural taboos. There are so many unspoken norms in our different cultures that breaking them becomes taboo even when it makes sense. One such taboo in the U.S. is adult-age kids living with parents. In the words of Melanie Hamlett, "Somehow it makes more sense in America to rack up thousands of dollars in debt, move into a teenier-tinier tiny house, or even continue living with a partner you kinda hate than to endure the shame of being a young adult crashing in your childhood bedroom."

I don't mean to suggest that adult children living with parents is an ideal solution in all situations. It's just that insinuating that people who don't move out as soon as they turn 18 are somehow less-than can force people into making sub-optimal life choices.

Independence of parents. When people in India have children, they feel that their lives ought to center around their children. When a parent wants to take some time off for themselves, there is always a sense of guilt. In the U.S., I often come across parents making a conscious effort to keep alive parts of themselves that existed before they became parents. This can lead to a healthier relationship between parent and child, given that the parent doesn't feel like they are sacrificing parts of themselves to raise the child.

Perhaps we would all do well to admit that we don't always know exactly what the right way to do things is and learn from the parenting practices of other cultures.

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What can we learn from the approaches of parents from other cultures?

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-Chosen Side: Authoritative Parenting Faces Challenges in Some Cultures-

In today's society I feel like everyone is judging how others parent and from working in the school system, I see a lot of different types of parenting. I feel that all types of parenting face challenges in some cultures. In the article I read from "Psychology Today" it talks about how children in other countries' playtime and independence look a lot more different than those in the U.S. Some cultures have strict beliefs they have to follow which limit how they can parent. For example, in the article I stated : "For instance, in Norway and other Scandinavian countries, fresh air is considered so important that infants are bundled up even in cold winters and nap outside in their strollers. Children in Italy are usually allowed to taste wine or alcohol with the rest of their family during meals. These examples would be seen as shocking in other parts of the world where entire industries are centered around indoor play areas in winter and the legal drinking age of 18 or 21 is adhered to strictly." (Subramaniam, 2021) This source backs up my viewpoint that none of this parenting is wrong or harmful, but that each culture has their own culture-specific advantages, which can appear to others as disadvantages. For the children in Scandinavian countries that it mentioned, that around the year outdoor nap time is normalized and seen as important but if you saw that someone had a child sleeping out in the cold in the U.S. it would likely be viewed as "cruel" and "bad parenting". Just as those who have children who drink underage in the U.S are shamed as bad parents and children tend to try to hide their drinking from parents, but in Italy the article explained how children are usually allowed to taste alcohol with the family.

APA Citation:

Subramaniam, A. (2021, December 18). Parenting across cultures. Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/parenting-neuroscience-perspective/202112/parenting-across-cultures

MLA Citation:

Subramaniam, Aditi. “Parenting across Cultures.” Psychology Today, Sussex Publishers, 18 Dec. 2021, www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/parenting-neuroscience-perspective/202112/parenting-across-cultures.

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Key points

Parents in different cultures often have very different approaches to parenting.

While children in India have more unstructured playtime, children in the U.S. are often encouraged to think independently from a young age.

Observing how parents in other cultures do things can help us take the best bits from their techniques and implement them.

It's no wonder that parents are so touchy about the best way to raise children. We all like to feel like we know exactly what we are doing, even though we are usually just making things up as we go along.

Parents from various cultures have very different approaches to parenting shouldn't come as a surprise. For instance, in Norway and other Scandinavian countries, fresh air is considered so important that infants are bundled up even in cold winters and nap outside in their strollers. Children in Italy are usually allowed to taste wine or alcohol with the rest of their family during meals. These examples would be seen as shocking in other parts of the world where entire industries are centered around indoor play areas in winter and the legal drinking age of 18 or 21 is adhered to strictly.

Of course, none of these parenting techniques are wrong. They're just different and culture-specific, and each might have advantages. But read the reviews section of any parenting-related book, and it resembles a battleground. Staunch supporters on one side horrified naysayers on the other. Discussing parenting styles touches raw nerves and brings up so many emotions.

Having grown up in a different country from the one I'm raising my daughter, I see differences in the approaches of parents in the two countries. No single parenting style is perfect, and a combination of different styles to suit various situations is probably a better way. Parents from both cultures, Indian and American, can learn from the approaches of each other.

Free play. Children in India have far more unstructured playtime than in America. Free play, when the children decide what to do with their playtime with little to no adult intervention, encourages creativity and independence. Free play is also, and perhaps more importantly, a lot of fun. My toddler watches Peppa Pig, and one of the things that Peppa and George love to do is jump in muddy puddles. We often tell our kids not to do these things, but what's the worst that can happen? An extra load of laundry?

Free thinking. On the other hand, American parents generally do a far better and more conscious job of encouraging independence in their children's opinions and ideas. I'm often amazed at how intelligent and confident American teens are about expressing themselves. At least part of it is because their opinions have not been stifled by parents who tell them that they must defer to adult opinion. Of course, there are exceptions to all this. Not every Indian parent discourages free-thinking in their children and vice versa. Things also change as the newer generations take over. I'm only picking out the trends here.

Cultural taboos. There are so many unspoken norms in our different cultures that breaking them becomes taboo even when it makes sense. One such taboo in the U.S. is adult-age kids living with parents. In the words of Melanie Hamlett, "Somehow it makes more sense in America to rack up thousands of dollars in debt, move into a teenier-tinier tiny house, or even continue living with a partner you kinda hate than to endure the shame of being a young adult crashing in your childhood bedroom."

I don't mean to suggest that adult children living with parents is an ideal solution in all situations. It's just that insinuating that people who don't move out as soon as they turn 18 are somehow less-than can force people into making sub-optimal life choices.

Independence of parents. When people in India have children, they feel that their lives ought to center around their children. When a parent wants to take some time off for themselves, there is always a sense of guilt. In the U.S., I often come across parents making a conscious effort to keep alive parts of themselves that existed before they became parents. This can lead to a healthier relationship between parent and child, given that the parent doesn't feel like they are sacrificing parts of themselves to raise the child.

Perhaps we would all do well to admit that we don't always know exactly what the right way to do things is and learn from the parenting practices of other cultures.

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What can we learn from the approaches of parents from other cultures?

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I believe that authoritative parenting does not apply successfully in every culture because the parenting style does not coincide with every culture's beliefs. In order for authoritative parenting to be effective, there must be several things present: unconditional love, clear communication, trust among husband and wife/parent and child, and respect for one another. Hendricks Masamba writes in their article "Cultural Influences on Parenting Styles and Child Development" that "preliminary empirical review revealed the significant role of cultural norms, values, and beliefs in shaping parenting behaviors and influencing child well-being across diverse cultural contexts." Certain religions do not accept some of these characteristics. For others, certain parts of the world's way of life do not allow.

For example, religions in India, like Hinduism, view women as slaves to men and often abuse them. Love is often unequally given to sons over daughters. This lack of respect and acts of favoritism destroys the possibility of authoritative parenting. In work-based countries, like Japan and China, there is no time for authoritative parenting. The children are also held to high standards and success and hard work often define a person's worth. This makes unconditional love difficult to give.

As long as a culture includes the characteristics I listed (like the U.S.), then authoritative parenting is possible. If one or more of them are lacking, the parenting style suffers.

Masamba, H. (2024). Cultural influences on parenting styles and childhood development. International Journal of Humanity and Social Sciences, 2(3), 15-27.

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Authoritative Parenting Faces Challenges in Some Cultures

Authoritative parenting is characterized by both warmth and structure. This approach faces challenges in different cultural settings. There are many influencers to as why there are challenges. Socio-economic factors converge with cultural influences which affect parenting styles. Depending on what people are going through, their parenting styles can vary. Parents must deal with their underlying issues and practice self-care, then they tend to engage more positively with their children. Many things can cause frustration and stress in life that can be challenging. "Economic stressors, such as unemployment, poverty, and housing instability, can strain family relationships and exacerbate parental stress, leading to
changes in parenting behaviors (Conger, 2012)." The article talked about how parents may use authoritarian parenting as a way of gaining control. In reality, this can have a negative impact on the child.

Cultural Influences on Parenting Styles and Child Development

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Authoritative Parenting Faces Challenges in Some Cultures

When I think of someone's parenting styles, culture, religion, languages, identity etc. I always think about how we are a product of our environment. Because of the large amounts of diversity around the world, authoritative parenting does face challenges. Not every parent and every child is in the same situation, so of course we see challenges. A part of my research that hit me was this sentence from the International Journal of Humanity and Social Sciences, "Families facing economic hardship may adopt different parenting strategies compared to those with greater financial stability."

This made me realize that even in the same cultures, we face challenges using the same parenting types, in this case authoritative parenting.

One more part of the same reading I want to include is, "Large differences also are found across cultures in the amount of physical contact parents have with their infants. For example, hunter-gatherer !Kung infants spend 90% of their first year of life in skin-to-skin contact with their mother or another caregiver as they co-sleep at night and are carried in slings attached to caregivers’ bodies during the day (Diamond, 2012). In contrast, infants in many western cultures sleep alone not only in separate beds but even in separate rooms, and during the day they are often placed in strollers, infant seats, and other devices that are not connected to parents’ bodies (Diamond, 2012)".

This is a great tell tale sign that when it comes to parenting styles it is going to vary across the world, even starting as young as infants.

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Authoritative parenting faces challenges across different cultures intertwining with religion, socio-economic status, and traditions, as explored by Cultural Influences on Parenting Styles and Child Development and supported from my own experience. Cultural values have a strong influence on parenting and child development as proved in studies collected from families across different countries. Depending on where people are from, and what social norms they are accustomed to play a role in their parenting styles and how they may parent in the future. There is a cultural background variation from collectivism and individualistic familial values. For example, in some Asian countries, like Japan, there are cultural values that revealed societal conformity and a centered academic achievement that may lead to authoritarian parenting. While in Western culture, there is a major individualistic value leading to permissive and authoritarian parenting.

The information I most related to was about cultural adaptation. It was interesting to read about it because it has been a first-hand experience for me, coming from a different country of origin and adapting to cultural norms in the United States while preserving some origin traditions. I think there is a definite authoritative parenting challenge in some cultures because of different values and ideas that are instilled in us since childhood. I could tell there was a shift from my parents’ authoritative to authoritarian parenting as we adapted to our new environment, and within time slowly observed changes in familial expectations social values.

It made me think about the challenges my parents had to face coming from a different country and having to balance different cultures and traditions. The article explained how people who immigrate have a shift in their parenting as a result to acculturation in their new environment, leading to variation of parenting from permissive to authoritative.

Masamba, H. (2024). Cultural influences on parenting styles and child development. International Journal of Humanity and Social Sciences, 2(3), 15–27. https://doi.org/10.47941/ijhss.1783

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Authoritative parenting faces challenges across different cultures with what is appropriate and inappropriate. Like our IAT assignment, some cultures present different biases to other people. For example, in Asian cultures, children are typically raised authoritarian as parents instill hard work and determination. However, parents' methods of parenting their children can differ based on their upbringing. In the article I read, the authoritative style has high self-esteem and social skills, but this style isn't always considered appropriate across cultures. In some instances, authoritative and authoritarian styles children did just as well in life.

Worthy, L. D., Lavigne, T., & Romero, F. (2020, July 27). Parenting styles. Culture and Psychology. https://open.maricopa.edu/culturepsychology/chapter/parenting-styles/

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Authoritative parenting faces challenges in some cultures when it comes to the difference in cultural values. Authoritative parenting is about setting expectations or boundaries, being supportive, and focuses on balancing positive reinforcement rather than strict disciplinary actions. This differs from Western and Eastern culture. While Western culture focuses on individualism and open communication, the Asian culture is all about respect for authority, hierarchy while focusing on group or family values. "Authoritative parents often give direction to their children, and still provide warmth, rationality, and flexibility, and apply the principle of give and take to children." (Hean, 2019). From personal experience growing up in America and having traditional asian parents, it was foreign seeing my peers openly speak to their parents, voicing their opinions while showing mutual respect. This supportive parenting style is far different then Eastern authoritative parents who have a strong emphasis on respect and abiding by the cultural norm. Leaving open communication to be extremely difficult. "Asian parents raising children in Western cultures may encounter challenges due to differing cultural values and expectations. Conflicts can emerge when traditional Asian values, such as collectivism and obedience, collide with the individualistic and independent values commonly found in Western societies." (n.s.-a). These differences underscores how values and understanding can be interpreted. Creating challenges in finding a balance for what authoritative parenting expectations are depending on your background.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332940264_Intercultural_Parenting_How_Eastern_and_Western_Parenting_Styles_Affect_Child_Development

How eastern and western parenting styles affect child ... (n.d.-a). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332940264_Intercultural_Parenting_How_Eastern_and_Western_Parenting_Styles_Affect_Child_Development

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Authoritative Parenting Faces Challenges in Some Cultures

Today, experts favor authoritative parenting over permissive, authoritarian, and neglectful parenting, believing it leads to a “better overall outcome, higher emotional regulation, and lower behavioral problems” (Awiszus, Koenigh, Vaisarova, 2022) in children. In authoritative parenting, the caregiver offers emotional support and sets clear expectations. Consequences are clear, and problems are solved together. While the parenting style may be preferred in American circles, it may face challenges in others due to cultural differences.

Adopting a more authoritative style in a collectivist-oriented culture could prove challenging since culture, beliefs, and religion play a role in shaping fundamental decisions regarding how a child is raised. In collectivist-oriented cultures, such as in some Asian countries, there is a focus on groups over individuals, and extended families play a role in child development. In these families, obedience, compliance, and parental authority reign. These are “deeply ingrained family values” (Chio et al., 2014). They skew towards an authoritarian approach to parenting, where strict rules, high standards, and putative consequences for non-compliance are the dominant parenting styles. It is a more dictatorial style of parenting. Discipline is used to elicit obedience. Expressions of warmth and affection are limited as it is thought to make the child soft and spoiled.

In contrast, an authoritative parenting style focuses on warmth and responsiveness. In these families, caregivers are more nurturing, supportive, and less punitive. Issues are discussed, and reasoning is applied to gain adherence and understanding. An authoritative parenting approach could prove challenging in collectivist-oriented cultures because the ‘deeply ingrained’ cultural values conflict with such a style. Adopting a blended approach in such cultures may prove less so, while still honoring some long-held cultural practices.

Awiszus, A., Koenig, M., & Vaisarova, J. (2022). Parenting Styles and Their Effect on Child Development and Outcome. Journal of Student Research, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.47611/jsrhs.v11i3.3679

Choi Y, Kim YS, Kim SY, Park IK. (2013). Is Asian American Parenting Controlling and Harsh? Empirical Testing of Relationships between Korean American and Western Parenting Measures. Asian American Journal of Psychology. 2013 Mar 1;4(1):19-29. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3746991

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I am siding with Authoritative parenting faces challenges in some cultures. Authoritative parenting, which combines high expectations with warmth and support, can indeed face challenges in certain cultural contexts. Cultural values will play a role, as in many cultures there is a deep respect for authority and hierarchical relationships, these are very deeply ingrained in many, throughout cultures. In the business insider I read that in some instances parents may find it unnecessary to praise children for their routine tasks, leaving compliments for possible exceptional achievements. In some cultures as well some parents may prioritize obedience and discipline over the autonomy and self-expression encouraged by authoritative parenting. Then we also can run into a balancing act where finding the right balance between setting limits and setting warmth can be found demanding. All of this would require effective communication, patience, and for many cultures this could be found challenging. Some great resources i was able to read more about this subject are...

https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/parenting/authoritative-parenting

https://northernlight.nhcc.edu/northlight/parenting-styles-behavior

Both of these write ups are great reads for sources i found on the topic. Putting into wording better than which I am able.

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Authoritative parenting faces challenges especially in cultures where obedience and discipline are the top priority for caregivers and as a society as a whole. In other cultures, there could be pressures to succeed and become proficient in tasks and skills. In these situations, being nurturing and supportive comes secondary to their ideas of success. This is due to the fact that this is a social norm which has been in places for multiple generations.