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Opening Tasks

1. Sign in for attendance before 9:50.

2. Do the two opening tasks...the mathisfun and the kahoot challenge.

3. Zoom call at 10:15..DO NOT be late!

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Please Sign in like this:

Mr. Spaulding-present

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Go to the mathisfun.com website indicated above...(click on the picture) Look at the site about sin, cos, and tangent. When you are at the bottom of the site do the questions and take a screenshot and post it on the padlet.

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Right Triangle

Sine, Cosine and Tangent are the main functions used in Trigonometry and are based on a Right-Angled Triangle.

Before getting stuck into the functions, it helps to give a name to each side of a right triangle:

"Opposite" is opposite to the angle θ

"Adjacent" is adjacent (next to) to the angle θ

"Hypotenuse" is the long one

Adjacent is always next to the angle

And Opposite is opposite the angle

Sine, Cosine and Tangent

Sine, Cosine and Tangent (often shortened to sin, cos and tan) are each a ratio of sides of a right angled triangle:

For a given angle θ each ratio stays the same
no matter how big or small the triangle is

To calculate them:

Divide the length of one side by another side

Example: What is the sine of 35°?

Using this triangle (lengths are only to one decimal place):

Size Does Not Matter

The triangle can be large or small and the ratio of sides stays the same.

Only the angle changes the ratio.

Try dragging point "A" to change the angle and point "B" to change the size:

algebra/images/sin-cos-tan.js

Good calculators have sin, cos and tan on them, to make it easy for you. Just put in the angle and press the button.

But you still need to remember what they mean!

In picture form:

Practice Here:

Sohcahtoa

How to remember? Think "Sohcahtoa"!

It works like this:

You can read more about sohcahtoa ... please remember it, it may help in an exam !

Angles From 0° to 360°

Move the mouse around to see how different angles (in radians or degrees) affect sine, cosine and tangent.

algebra/images/circle-triangle.js

In this animation the hypotenuse is 1, making the Unit Circle.

Notice that the adjacent side and opposite side can be positive or negative, which makes the sine, cosine and tangent change between positive and negative values also.

"Why didn't sin and tan
go to the party?"
"... justcos!"

Examples

Example: what are the sine, cosine and tangent of 30° ?

The classic 30° triangle has a hypotenuse of length 2, an opposite side of length 1 and an adjacent side of √3:

Now we know the lengths, we can calculate the functions:

(get your calculator out and check them!)

Example: what are the sine, cosine and tangent of 45° ?

The classic 45° triangle has two sides of 1 and a hypotenuse of √2:

Why?

Why are these functions important?

Because they let us work out angles when we know sides

And they let us work out sides when we know angles

Example: Use the sine function to find "d"

We know:

The cable makes a 39° angle with the seabed

The cable has a 30 meter length.

And we want to know "d" (the distance down).

The depth "d" is 18.88 m

Exercise

Try this paper-based exercise where you can calculate the sine function for all angles from 0° to 360°, and then graph the result. It will help you to understand these relatively simple functions.

You can also see Graphs of Sine, Cosine and Tangent.

And play with a spring that makes a sine wave.

Less Common Functions

To complete the picture, there are 3 other functions where we divide one side by another, but they are not so commonly used.

They are equal to 1 divided by cos, 1 divided by sin, and 1 divided by tan:

1494, 1495, 724, 725, 1492, 1493, 726, 727, 2362, 2363

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Learn all about Sine, Cosine and Tangent.

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do the kahoot challenge..Be sure to use your name!

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Join a game of kahoot here. Kahoot! is a free game-based learning platform that makes it fun to learn - any subject, in any language, on any device, for all ages!

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Noah Spaulding is inviting you to a scheduled Zoom meeting.

Topic: Math8. 2021-2022

Time: This is a recurring meeting Meet anytime

Join Zoom Meeting

https://us06web.zoom.us/j/85224944252?pwd=ZEliNktjMkZTZ3lQYWNnRGtqWGtwUT09