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1. Economically weak - the government has deficits and must tax

2. Politically weak - the government is ineffective and cannot enforce policy; inept ruler

3. Intellectual desert old regime - reformers speak out against the government

4. Class antagonism - there is a conflict between the old regime and the new forces within the state

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1. Radicals take control (coup d'etat) - small number of devoted, disciplined radicals govern

2. War (civil and foreign)

3. Centralization of Power in a revolutionary council dominated by a strong man

4. Forced conformity or punishment

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1. Financial breakdown

2. Symbolic actions/ Dramatic Events - rallying point against the old regime: government protests increase

3. Role of force - the government cannot repress the rebellion

4. Dual Sovereignty - there is a better organized and obeyed government

5. Moderates Attain Power - e.g make a new constitution, fight a war

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1. Slow, uneven return to quieter timers - first convalescence from the fever of revolution

2. Moderates rule (again) - new norms established between different factions

3. Aggressive nationalism

4. Resolution - implement intended change

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1. After the Portugal king returned to Portugal after he took over Brazil, the trading between Brazil and other countries and almost ended Brazil's trading with other countries.

2. While the Portuguese royal family fled to Brazil they also brought a lot of power with them but when the royal family decided to flee they then revoked the political anatomy of Brazil causing them to be politically weak.

3. Due to the Portuguese taking what they brought to Brazil some Brazilians started sharing their opinion about how they fought it was unfair.

4. A widespread opposition among Brazilians along with Brazilian leader formed due to disagreement about wither they should separate themselves.

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Statewide Dual Credit World History, the Period of ... - Oer Commons, oercommons.org/courseware/lesson/87923/student-old/?task=2. Accessed 6 Dec. 2023.

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1. The Portuguese evacuated and they were finally free from troops leaving them in a quieter and more peaceful time.

2. They created a treaty which was signed by both Brazil and Portugal in 1825.

3. was not really much for aggressive nationalism. But clashes with Brazil's South American borders would challenge the young nation.

4. Brazil ended out independent in full control of their own Nation without Portuguese input.

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1. The radicals were the Emperor of Brazil who declared independence originally.

2. There was a massive 2 year war called the Brazilian war of independence which was fought across the country.

3. The centralization of power continued to be the emperor of Brazil.

4. There was no crazy recognized forced conformity or punishment because the war ended when all the Portuguese fled Brazil and Brazil just wanted to move on.

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1. There wasn't much of a Financial breakdown for they had a fairly stable economy because of when Portugal court traveled over.

2. When Portugal decided to leave Brazil and go back to France they left Pedro I to stay in Brazil, he wanted Brazil's independence because Brazil was still monitored by Portugal. Therefore, the people didn't rebel it was Brazil against the more powerful Portugal.

3. Brazil crowned Pedro I and he declared "independence or death" creating a line of force that Portugal could not prevent .

4. Now with a better government Brazil established what they all wanted and were ready to fight for it.

5. They didn't make a new constitution but they received a building threat from the Portuguese that would soon lead to war.

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“How Did Brazil Become a Country?” YouTube, 24 Dec. 2022, youtu.be/rqT51lU1IJw?si=2jsPa5-rgPpzuhLS.