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The Different types of poverty throughout the regions

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The Different types of poverty throughout the regions

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Throughout the world, there are many different types of poverty in different regions of the world. Poverty is not just about the lack of money, but it is also about the lack of education, access of basic needs, and much discrimination. There are six main types of poverty: Absolute, Relative, Situational, Generational, Urban, and Rural. Many countries mainly face Absolute and Relative poverty.

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Poverty: An in-depth Guide. Definition, types and many facts

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In this comprehensive guide, you will find the definition of poverty, its causes and effects, how to reduce poverty and some frequently asked questions…

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The UN's SDG #1 interests me because their mission is to "eradicate poverty" around the world. I want to be a part of a community that can help people of extreme poverty, and be able to reach the 2030 goals that are set in place.

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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic reversed the steady progress of poverty reduction over the past 25 years. This unprecedented reversal is being further exacerbated by rising inflation and the impacts of the war in Ukraine. It is estimated these combined crises will lead to an additional 75 million-95 million people living in extreme poverty in 2022 compared with pre-pandemic projections. Almost all countries have introduced new short-term social protection measures in response to the COVID-19 crisis to protect people's health, jobs and income. If these measures continue, they will provide the needed assistance for the poor and help them move out of poverty.

Between 2015 and 2018, global poverty continued its historical decline, with the global poverty rate falling from 10.1 per cent in 2015 to 8.6 per cent in 2018. Nowcasts suggest that owing to the COVID-19 pandemic, the global poverty rate increased sharply from 8.3 per cent in 2019 to 9.2 per cent in 2020, representing the first increase in extreme poverty since 1998 and the largest increase since 1990 and setting back poverty reduction by about three years. The losses have been much higher for low-income countries, where poverty reduction has been set back by between eight and nine years. Although the poverty rate is projected to decrease to 8.7 per cent in 2021, it was still higher than the pre-pandemic level.

In 2020, for the first time in two decades, the world's share of workers living with their families below the international poverty line increased, from 6.7 per cent in 2019 to 7.2 per cent, meaning that an additional 8 million workers were pushed into poverty. Although the working poverty rate decreased slightly in 2021 to 6.9 per cent, it was still higher than the pre-pandemic rate.

By 2020, only 47% of the global population were effectively covered by at least one social protection cash benefit, leaving 4.1 billion people unprotected. In response to the COVID-19 crisis, more than 1,700 social protection measures (mostly short-term) were announced by 209 countries and territories.

Based on reporting from 80 countries on disasters of all origins, including COVID-19, the disaster mortality rate in 2020 was 5.74 persons per 100,000 population. While this figure reflects significant underreporting, it is already in stark contrast to that for the period 2015-2019, when the disaster-related mortality rate averaged at 0.93 person per 100,000 population. At least 8 per cent of the disaster-related mortality in 2020 is estimated to be due to COVID-19 pandemic, which has been responsible for a considerable reversal in the trend of disaster-related mortality reduction since the beginning of the decade.

While countries were coping with the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, 33 countries reported direct economic losses in 2020 due to other disasters in the amount of $ 16.55 billion, which represented 0.14 per cent of national gross domestic product (GDP). Beyond monetized disaster-related losses, several countries have reported losses in housing, critical infrastructure, and other sectors.

Expenditure on education decreased in 2020 but bounced back in 2021 as schools reopened. The median value of the proportion of government expenditure on education decreased from 13.5 per cent in 2019 to 12.6 per cent in 2020 and then bounced back to 14.6 per cent in 2021.

Source: Progress Towards the Sustainable Development Goals- Report of the Secretary- General

For more information, please, check: https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2022/

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Goal 1 | Department of Economic and Social Affairs

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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic reversed the steady progress of poverty reduction over the past 25 years. This unprecedented reversal is being further exacerbated by rising inflation and the impacts of the war in Ukraine. It is estimated these combined crises will lead to an additional 75 million-95 million people living in extreme poverty in 2022 compared with pre-pandemic projections.

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According to The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2025, "Without a significant acceleration in efforts, 8.9 per cent of the global population will still be living in extreme poverty by 2030" (Sustainable Development Goals 8)

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- Sustainable Development Goal Indicators

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Which areas are most affected by poverty?

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Which areas are most affected by poverty?

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The areas that are mostly affected by poverty are sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. According to Global poverty: Facts, FAQs, and how to help, from World Vision, "Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest rate of children living in extreme poverty, reaching 40% in 2022." (World Vision: Global poverty Facts, FRQs,...)

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Poverty is described as "a condition of deprivation characterized by a lack of access to essential resources and necessities required for a healthy and dignified life." (World Vision: Global poverty Facts, FRQs,...)

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This chart shows the population in millions that are in poverty through the different countries of the world.

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Throughout my research in this topic I have noticed that the main causes of poverty are education, certain demographic characteristics, race, cultural factors, poverty- related policies, and much more.

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A National Poverty Line is defined as "the benchmark for estimating poverty indicators that are consistent with the country's specific economic and social circumstances." Which in simpler terms is the minimum a person or family has to make in order to be considered in poverty.

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Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) National poverty headcount ratio is the percentage of the population living below the national poverty line(s). National estimates are based on population-weighted subgroup estimates from household surveys. For economies for which the data are from EU-SILC, the reported year is the income reference year, which is the year before the survey year. World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are compiled from official government sources or are computed by World Bank staff using national (i.e. country–specific) poverty lines., World Bank (WB), note: Data are compiled from official government sources or are computed by World Bank staff using national (i.e. country–specific) poverty lines. Economic and Social Context % Annual Population-weighted average Methodology: Poverty headcount ratio among the population is measured based on national (i.e. country-specific) poverty lines. A country may have a unique national poverty line or separate poverty lines for rural and urban areas, or for different geographic areas to reflect differences in the cost of living or sometimes to reflect differences in diets and consumption baskets.
Poverty estimates at national poverty lines are computed from household survey data collected from nationally representative samples of households. These data must contain sufficiently detailed information to compute a comprehensive estimate of total household income or consumption (including consumption or income from own production), from which it is possible to construct a correctly weighted distribution of per capita consumption or income. National poverty lines are the benchmark for estimating poverty indicators that are consistent with the country’s specific economic and social circumstances. National poverty lines reflect local perceptions of the level and composition of consumption or income needed to be non-poor. The perceived boundary between poor and non-poor typically rises with the average income of a country and thus does not provide a uniform measure for comparing poverty rates across countries. While poverty rates at national poverty lines should not be used for comparing poverty rates across countries, they are appropriate for guiding and monitoring the results of country-specific national poverty reduction strategies. Almost all national poverty lines in developing economies are anchored to the cost of a food bundle - based on the prevailing national diet of the poor - that provides adequate nutrition for good health and normal activity, plus an allowance for nonfood spending. National poverty lines must be adjusted for inflation between survey years to remain constant in real terms and thus allow for meaningful comparisons of poverty over time. Because diets and consumption baskets change over time, countries periodically recalculate the poverty line based on new survey data. In such cases the new poverty lines should be deflated to obtain comparable poverty estimates from earlier years. This series only includes estimates that to the best of our knowledge are reasonably comparable over time for a country. For economies for which the data are from EU-SILC, the reported year is the income reference year, which is the year before the survey year. For all other economies, the year reported is the year in which the underlying household survey data were collected or, when the data collection period bridged two calendar years, the year in which data collection started.
Statistical concept(s): National poverty headcount ratio refers to the percentage of a population whose consumption or income per day falls short of the national poverty line. National poverty lines vary by country and over time. In low- and middle-income countries, national poverty lines tend to be absolute poverty lines, thus reflecting the estimated minimum amount of money needed to cover basic needs. In high-income countries, national poverty lines tend to be relative poverty lines, thus reflecting the typical amount of money needed for an individual to afford the typical standard of living and without any restraints to participating fully in the societies in which they live. National poverty lines tend to grow with economic growth, especially in high-income or upper-middle-income countries. The poverty rate as defined by national poverty lines reflects the share of the population that fails to meet the standard a country thinks is necessary to cover basic needs (typically in low- and middle-income countries) or afford a decent lifestyle (typically in high-income countries). SDG 1.2 aims to reduce by half the proportion of men, women and children of all ages living in poverty in all its dimensions according to national definitions, by 2030. This series only includes estimates that to the best of our knowledge are reasonably comparable over time for a country. Due to differences in estimation methodologies and poverty lines, estimates should not be compared across countries. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ CC BY-4.0

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How does poverty differ between the countries?

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How does poverty differ between the countries?

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Poverty differs between countries because of their own National Poverty Lines. For example, in an article written by "Our World in Data", it is said that "In Switzerland, a person is considered in poverty if they live on less than the equivalent of roughly $36 per day; in Ethiopia, the national poverty line is around $2 per day." (2024, Ortiz-Ospina)

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National poverty lines differ widely between countries

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Global economic inequality is very large. We see this in the differences between average incomes across countries. In this chart, average income is plotted along the horizontal axis and measured by GDP per capita. While the average income is $1,750 in Ethiopia, in Switzerland it’s around $69,000 — this is after adjusting for differences in cost of living.

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Africa faces deep poverty challenges, especially in sub-Saharan regions where nearly half the population lives below the poverty line. Child poverty is particularly severe—40% of the population is under 15, and millions of children suffer from hunger, disease, and lack of access to clean water, electricity, and education. One in four children experiencing wasting lives in sub-Saharan Africa, and over 30 million children under five contract vaccine-preventable illnesses each year, leading to around 500,000 deaths. Despite these hardships, progress is slowly being made through education and targeted programs aimed at breaking the cycle of poverty.

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Facts & Statistics About Poverty In Africa | Children International | Help African Kids in Need

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Get the facts and statistics about the broad challenges of poverty and hunger in Africa.

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There are approximately 72 million children in poverty, which is 2 out of every 5 children. According to the article, Child Poverty in Latin America, "In 2014, over 68,000 unaccompanied children fled El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Mexico to avoid violent crime, poverty and gangs." (nph, n.d.) This shows that many people in poverty face way more challenges then just lacking the basic necessities. Another fact about child poverty from the article, Child Poverty in Latin America, is that "Approximately 22.2 million children and adolescents in Latin America are not in school or at risk of dropping out of school each year." (nph, n.d.) This shows that many children do have access to a proper education and turn to other dangerous and/or illegal actions.

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Child Poverty in Latin America | NPH International - The Need

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Child Poverty in Latin America - Children have different needs than adults and are wholly dependent them for care. Learn how NPH helps.

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In 2023 there were nearly 3 million children that lived in poverty, which was the largest number ever recorded. Haiti has major issues such as extreme poverty, violence, malnutrition, and many natural disasters. Violence in Haiti consists of armed groups or gangs that attacked the community. While kids were in school, they would get caught in crossfires and they would die or get seriously injured. This is the reason why many children do not have access to quality and safe education. Not only do schools get attacked, many of the students and teachers/women would get kidnapped and sometimes forced to join the gangs.

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Nearly 3 million children need support in Haiti – highest number on record

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Children in extreme jeopardy amid shocking levels of violence, malnutrition and poverty

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What effects does politics have on the poverty rate in the different cities of Haiti?

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What factors contribute to the decrease in quality education around Latin America?

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I think I want to research [Child Poverty] which must be addressed to reach SDG #[1]. I will focus on [Latin America] and [Providing Access to Quality Education]. I want to research this because... Latin America has had many issues with poverty over the years and I want to explore more on that. Especially in Haiti.

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As the population continues to grow, more and more children are born into poverty. It occurs in developed and non developed countries, according to UNICEF, "Nearly 900 million children worldwide..." (unicef n.d.) live in multidimensional poverty and lack basic necessities. While 333 million children live in extreme poverty, they survive on less than $2.15 per day. Extreme poverty is an increasing issue mainly in Sub- Saharan Africa.

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In recent years, the world has made remarkable strides advancing development. Yet hundreds of millions of people still live in extreme poverty. Children are disproportionately affected. Despite comprising one third of the global population, they represent half of those struggling to survive on less than $2.15 a day. An estimated 333 million children live in extreme poverty.

Children who grow up impoverished often lack the food, sanitation, shelter, health care and education they need to survive and thrive. Across the world, about 1 billion children are "multidimensionally" poor, meaning they lack necessities as basic as nutritious food or clean water.

The consequences are grave. Worldwide, the poorest children are twice as likely to die in childhood than their wealthier peers. For those growing up through humanitarian emergencies, the risks of deprivation and exclusion surge. Compounding crises - from the impacts of climate-related disasters, conflicts and COVID-19 - have stalled progress for the most vulnerable children. Even in the world's richest countries, one in seven children still live in poverty.

No matter where they are, children who grow up impoverished suffer from poor living standards, develop fewer skills for the workforce, and earn lower wages as adults. But only a limited number of Governments have set the elimination of child poverty as a national priority.

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Children are more likely to live in poverty than adults. They're also more vulnerable to its effects.

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Child poverty is measured in multiple ways. The first way is based on the child(rens) household income from the parents/guardians, if the household income is below the set poverty line, that child or children counts as poor. This system is called the "Monetary child poverty measurement" (Child Poverty FAQs, n.d.). The other way child poverty is measured is by a method called, the "Multidimensional child poverty measurement" (Child Poverty FAQs, n.d.), measures poverty by looking at non-income effects such as malnutrition, bad health, and poor living conditions faced by children. They are considered poor when they struggle in nutrition, education, health, and housing.

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Facts on child poverty — Global Coalition to End Child Poverty

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The Global Coalition to End Child Poverty is a newly created group aiming to support children around the world escapte poverty.

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An analysis conducted by the World Bank Group and UNICEF "noticed a reduction in the extreme child poverty rate" (Child Poverty FAQs, n.d.). The rate of children in poverty went from "20.7 per cent to 15.9 per cent between 2013 and 2022" (Child Poverty FAQs, n.d.). Also, between 2000 and early 2020, child multidimensional poverty decreased in developing countries from 75 percent to 45 percent.

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Facts on child poverty — Global Coalition to End Child Poverty

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The Global Coalition to End Child Poverty is a newly created group aiming to support children around the world escapte poverty.

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How does access to quality education for children in low-income communities influence long-term poverty reduction in Latin America?

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How has gang violence in Port-au-Prince affected children's access to education, and what emergency education models can mitigate these effects?

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How does access to quality primary education in low-income communities influence long-term poverty reduction?

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Solutions for Child poverty (Latin America)

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Solutions for Child poverty (Latin America)

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A solution to reduce child poverty in Latin America is to attempt to keep children in school despite the gang violence. A way to do this is to send trained teachers that know how to potentially keep the children safe.