# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Nakba Guide - Palestine Solidarity Group

# data[].attributes.body
A PDF overview, background and resource pack.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine by Ilan Pappé

# data[].attributes.body
A book that offers detailed account of the events of 1948 based on declassified Israeli archives.

# data[].attributes.body
A book that traces the deep historical roots of Palestinian identity. Contact the group admins for e-book copy.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Read 186 reviews from the world's largest community for readers. For centuries, the land of Palestine has been fought over by competing faiths, nations and...

# data[].attributes.body
This book explores new ways of remembering and commemorating the Nakba. Contact the group admins for e-book copy.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
The Palestine Nakba: Decolonising History, Narrating th…

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
2012 marks the 63rd anniversary of the Nakba - the most…

# data[].attributes.body
A powerful novella reflecting on the pain of displacement. Contact the group admins for e-book copy.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Amazon.com: Returning to Haifa: 9780571347827: Ismail Khalidi: Books

# data[].attributes.body
A fierce and moving book that is an unparalleled rendering of the human aspects of the Palestinian predicament.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Palestinian poet Barghouti relates his homecoming to Ra…

# data[].attributes.body
A sweeping and lyrical novel that follows a young Palestinian refugee as she slowly becomes radicalized while searching for a better life for her family throughout the Middle East.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A sweeping and lyrical novel that follows a young Pales…

# data[].attributes.body
An inspiring and intersectional re-imagining of the path to liberation in Palestine 'An inspiring call to action that deconstructs the many oppressive systems we currently find ourselves struggling against.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Greater than the Sum of Our Parts: Feminism, Inter/Nati…

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
An inspiring and intersectional re-imagining of the pat…

# data[].attributes.body
A haunting and heart-wrenching novel of vital contemporary importance. Lending human voices to the headlines, it forces us to take a fresh look at one of the defining political conflicts of our lifetimes.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
In the refugee camp of Jenin, Amal is born into a world…

# data[].attributes.body
A compelling collection of short stories from fifteen young writers in Gaza, members of a generation that has suffered immensely under Israel’s siege and blockade.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Israel murdered Refaat Alareer today, along with his sister and her family, in a targeted missile attack on her home. He was, by all accounts, a sweet, intelligent man; he loved collecting strawberries. He was also a giant in Gaza's field of scholarship and intellectualism, someone who rose despite aggression and persecution.

Refaat is the latest intellectual killed by Israel, which has targeted writers, scholars, journalists.

As western institutions and regimes continue to demonise Palestinians, and especially Palestinian men, we must do what we can to fight back. So, I'm buying and reading this.

Someday, the occupation will end.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Read 227 reviews from the world's largest community for readers. "Gaza Writes Back: Short Stories from Young Writers in Gaza, Palestine", edited by Refaat ...

# data[].attributes.body
A documentary featuring firsthand accounts from Palestinians and Israelis who lived through 1948.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
1948: Creation & Catastrophe (Full documentary)

# data[].attributes.body
A four-part series exploring the history and impact of the Nakba.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
A series on the Palestinian 'catastrophe' of 1948 that led to dispossession and conflict that still endures.

"The Nakba did not begin in 1948. Its origins lie over two centuries ago...."

So begins this four-part series on the 'nakba', meaning the 'catastrophe', about the history of the Palestinian exodus that led to the first Arab-Israeli war in 1948, and the establishment of the state of Israel.

Keep reading

This sweeping history starts back in 1799 with Napoleon's attempted advance into Palestine to check British expansion and his appeal to the Jews of the world to reclaim their land in league with France.

The narrative moves through the 19th century and into the 20th century with the British Mandate in Palestine and comes right up to date in the 21st century and the ongoing 'nakba' on the ground.

Arab, Israeli and Western intellectuals, historians and eye-witnesses provide the central narrative which is accompanied by archive material and documents, many only recently released for the first time.
Editor's note: Since first running on Al Jazeera Arabic in 2008, this series has won Arab and international awards and has been well received at festivals throughout the world. EPISODE ONE:
For Palestinians, 1948 marks the 'nakba' or the 'catastrophe', when hundreds of thousands were forced out of their homes.

The tragedy in Palestine is not just a local one; it is a tragedy for the world, because it is an injustice that is a menace to the world's peace.

by Arnold Toynbee, British historian

But for Israelis, the same year marks the creation of their own state.

This series attempts to present an understanding of the events of the past that are still shaping the present.

This story starts in 1799, outside the walls of Acre in Ottoman-controlled Palestine, when an army under Napoleon Bonaparte besieged the city. It was all part of a campaign to defeat the Ottomans and establish a French presence in the region.

In search of allies, Napoleon issued a letter offering Palestine as a homeland to the Jews under French protection. He called on the Jews to 'rise up' against what he called their oppressors.

Napoleon's appeal was widely publicised. But he was ultimately defeated. In Acre today, the only memory of him is a statue atop a hill overlooking the city.

Yet Napoleon's project for a Jewish homeland in the region under a colonial protectorate did not die, 40 years later, the plan was revived but by the British.
EPISODE TWO:
On 19 April 1936, the Palestinians launched a national strike to protest against mass Jewish immigration and what they saw as Britain's alliance with the Zionist movement.

The British responded with force. During the six months of the strike, over 190 Palestinians were killed and more than 800 wounded.

Palestinian leaders bowed to pressure from the Arab heads of state and agreed to meet the British Royal Commission of Inquiry headed by Lord Peel.

In its report of July 1937, the Peel Commission recommended the partition of Palestine. Its report drew the frontiers of a Jewish state in one-third of Palestine, and an Arab state in the remaining two-thirds, to be merged with Transjordan.

A corridor of land from Jerusalem to Jaffa would remain under British mandate. The Commission also recommended transferring where necessary Palestinians from the lands allocated to the new Jewish state.

The Commission's proposals were widely published and provoked heated debate.

As the Palestinian revolt continued, Britain's response hardened. Between 1936 and 1937, the British killed over 1,000 Palestinians; 37 British military police and 69 Jews also died.
EPISODE THREE:
Few Palestinians, if any, could have imagined they were to become victims of what would later be called "ethnic cleansing".

When the British were preparing to leave Palestine, we didn't have weapons. My father gave me money and I bought a gun with only three bullets for 100 Palestinian liras.

by Sami Kamal Abdul Razek, palestinian refugee

On 29 November 1947, the UN General Assembly met to devise a plan for the partition of Palestine. UN Resolution 181 divided Palestine into an Arab and a Jewish state, with Jerusalem as an internationalised city.

The Jewish state was granted 56 percent of the land; the city of Jaffa was included as an enclave of the Arab state; and the land known today as the Gaza Strip was split from its surrounding agricultural regions.

But making the proposed Arab state all but proved impractical in the eyes of many Palestinians.

When the draft resolution was presented for voting, Arab newspapers ran a 'name and shame' list of the countries that voted for the UN partition plan, and Arab protesters took to the streets.

Following the partition resolution, Britain announced it would end its mandate in Palestine on 14 May 1948.
EPISODE FOUR:
In early 1948, Jewish paramilitary forces began to seize more land in Palestine. By the end of July, more than 400,000 Palestinians had been forced to flee their homes, and their plight as refugees had just begun.

I swear to God, we tasted it; we tasted starvation like no one else did.

by Hosni Mohammad Smada, Palestinian refugee

The Count surveyed devastated Palestinian villages and visited refugee camps in both Palestine and Jordan. The scale of the humanitarian disaster became apparent, as he witnessed cramp living conditions, long queues for basic food and scarce medical aid.

Count Bernadotte was no stranger to human disaster; with the Red Cross he had rescued over 30,000 prisoners of war from Nazi concentration camps. Now he advocated the Palestinian's right to return to their homes.

In a report dated 16 September 1948, he wrote:

"It would be an offence against the principles of elementary justice if these innocent victims were denied the right to return to their homes, while Jewish immigrants flow into Palestine, and, indeed, at least offer the threat of permanent replacement of the Arab refugees who have been rooted in the land for centuries."

The Count's first proposal argued for fixed boundaries through negotiation, an economic union between both states, and the return of Palestinian refugees - the proposal was turned down.

On 17 September, the day following his UN report, Count Bernadotte's motorcade was ambushed in Jerusalem. He was shot at point blank range by members of the Jewish Stern gang.
Al Nakba Debate:
The historic struggle for Palestine is characterised as the claims and counter-claims of Arabs and Jews, but one factor that is often overlooked behind the Palestinian 'nakba' or 'catastrophe' of 1948, is the part played by an old imperial power, Britain.

So, whose interests were best served by the British in Palestine? How did it honour its mandated duty of care? and what were the calculations and miscalculations it made in redrawing the map of Palestine, and reshaping its history?

The 65 years of the Israeli statehood, continue to cause conflict and controversy.

The history is written by the victors, who are the rewriters of history as new information, new documents, and new historians, come to light. It is time to examine how history itself is the battleground for the hearts and minds of new generations today.

To discuss the historic events that led to the 'nakba', the birth of Israel, and the making of history, we are joined by Rosemary Hollis, former head of the Middle East programme at the Royal Insitute of International Affairs; James Renton, senior lecturer in History at Edge Hill University and author of The Zionist Masquerade: The birth of the Anglo-Zionist alliance 1914-1918 ; and Avi Shalam, a professor of International Relations at Oxford University and author of the Collusion across the Jordan: King Abdullah, The Zionist Movement, and the Partition Of Palestine.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A series on the Palestinian 'catastrophe' of 1948 that led to dispossession and conflict that still endures.

# data[].attributes.body
5 Broken Cameras documents the courage, resilience, and determination of Palestinians in a small farming village in the Occupied West Bank of Palestine.

# data[].attributes.body
This archive is a rich collection of interviews with Nakba survivors.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Palestinian Oral History Archive is an archival collection that contains more than 1,000 hours of testimonies with first generation Palestinians and other Palestinian communities in Lebanon

# data[].attributes.body
This website shares data-driven visual stories about the Palestinian experience.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Visualizing Palestine uses data and research to visually communicate Palestinian experiences to provoke narrative change. We envision a liberated future for Palestinians in a world free from oppression.

# data[].attributes.body
Independent news and analysis on Palestine.

# data[].attributes.body
A movement that amplifies the companies and brands we SHOULD be supporting. You can search brands or take a photo of any product logo to get a quick answer on whether they support the ongoing occupation or not.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Search brands or take a photo of any product logo to get a quick answer on whether they support the ongoing occupation.

# data[].attributes.body
Who Profits Research Center is an independent research center dedicated to exposing the commercial involvement of Israeli and international corporations in the ongoing Israeli occupation of Palestinian and Syrian land and population.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.provider_name
Who Profits - The Israeli Occupation Industry

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Who Profits - The Israeli Occupation Industry

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Who Profits - The Israeli Occupation Industry

# data[].attributes.body
Pre-Occupation - A podcast focusing on Palestinian history before 1948.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Podcast · Bassam · This podcast is a deep dive into the social, economic, and political history of Palestine. Through the narration of Palestine's history, the podcast hopes to address some of the most common misconceptions about Palestine and Palestinians.

# data[].attributes.body
Let's talk Palestine - A podcast that aims to shed an illuminating light on the occupation of Palestine.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Will Gaza be Ethnically Cleansed? ft. Rami Khouri

# data[].attributes.body
The Nakba Files - JVP - A podcast exploring the legal and historical dimensions of the Nakba.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Adalah and the Center for Palestine Studies (CPS) at Columbia University launched The Nakba Files, a website that serves as an online space for researchers and practitioners to explore new approaches to law in Israel/Palestine. The website consists of an extensive range of articles and archival materials.

# data[].attributes.body
High-resolution maps from the British Mandate era, allowing comparisons with modern-day Palestine.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Explore, search and download historical maps and spatial data on Palestine

# data[].attributes.body
An interactive timeline from Visualising Palestine that gives us a visual overview of the Nakba and its lasting effects.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Explore how the Nakba transformed Palestine

# data[].attributes.headline
Article: 语言重塑|被媒体洗白的以色

# data[].attributes.body
Article: 语言重塑|被媒体洗白的以色列殖民

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
当前环境异常，完成验证后即可继续访问。

# data[].attributes.headline
Article: 一个加沙女孩的来信：我只想

# data[].attributes.body
Article: 一个加沙女孩的来信：我只想不要再洗澡时死去

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
英语教师阿伊莎·沙克法（Aisha Shaqfa），今年31岁。她和家人住在巴勒斯坦加沙地带最南部、靠近埃及边境的城市拉法（Rafah）。

2023年10月7日，"哈马斯"越境突袭以色列、杀害1200余名以色列及外国公民后，以色列旋即对加沙地带展开报复性军事打击。据加沙卫生部数据，截至2024年6月12日，加沙已有超过37202人被杀害，另有84932人受伤。

以军沿加沙地带自北向南进行地面行动，加沙人也自北向南不断逃亡，最多时有140多万人聚集在拉法避难， 拉法因此被称为"加沙最后的避难所"。

战争爆发后，阿伊莎的工作难以为继，生活陡然改变。她开始为难民营流离失所儿童做心理援助，以此作为战时生活的精神支柱。

过去8个月以来，我们一直和阿伊莎保持着联系。 她常常在通讯软件里发来断断续续的语音信息，描述她的日常，关键词通常是轰炸、缺水、恐惧与熟人的死亡，但也偶尔有笑声、友谊与希望。

2024年4月中旬起，以军称要对盘踞在拉法的哈马斯24个营中最后6个营进行清剿，因此将在拉法展开地面军事行动， 百万民众开始从"最后的避难所"撤离。阿伊莎和家人也不得不离开家园。此后，她几度消失在通讯信号的黑洞里。

我们根据对阿伊莎的语音采访和通信整理了这篇口述，描述她所见证和亲历的战争。

从拉法撤离之前，我往行李箱里装了几条裙子。一条是我一岁半时穿的小裙子，我想以后有孩子了，留给我的女儿穿；另一条是我妈妈结婚时穿的裙子，超级美，还有一条纯手工制作的巴勒斯坦传统纹样长袍，是我妈妈为我人生的"大日子"准备的。

我还拿上了五本书、从加沙海滩上收集的贝壳、我的学生和朋友们给我写的卡片--简而言之， 我"生活中的所有玫瑰"。未来如果离开加沙，我想把它们都带走。我的行李里，既有我的过去，也有我的未来。

我们一家人要撤到汗·尤尼斯（Khan Younis）市，那是拉法以北的一座城市。那里的网络几乎已经被摧毁了，我很可能失联。所以走之前，我一直在给亲友们发信息，告诉他们我去了汗·尤尼斯，如果我没有消息，也不要太担心我。

现在，汗·尤尼斯是以色列军方划定的"安全区"，但鉴于他们在拉法划定的安全区也发动过袭击、也死过人，所以我也不知道我是否能够活下来。 如果我不幸死了，你们悼念我的时候，记得要用我选的这一张照片。

我的祖辈来自加沙以北拉姆勒（Ramle）附近的一个村庄（编者注：拉姆勒如今在以色列境内，是犹太人和阿拉伯人混居的城市）。小时候，爷爷经常说起1948年"大浩劫"期间，他和家人逃难的情景：那天我的曾祖母正在厨房里做饭，留下火堆和锅里的饭菜就走了，此后他们一生再也没有回去过（编者注：1948年5月14日，以色列宣布建国，埃及、约旦等国于次日向以色列开战。这场战争连同1947年起因反对联合国分治决议而爆发的巴勒斯坦内战，共导致约75万巴勒斯坦人逃离家园成为难民，期间约400个巴勒斯坦城镇和村庄人口锐减或被摧毁。巴勒斯坦将以色列"独立日"的次日5月15日作为"浩劫日"，即"Nakba Day"） 。

我的父母都是"大浩劫"后出生的。爸爸今年71岁，他在难民营里长大，早年在加沙的联合国近东巴勒斯坦救济和工程处（UNRWA）建立的学校当数学老师。上世纪80年代，以色列允许加沙人出国务工，爸爸就去沙特阿拉伯教书，把挣的钱寄给他的兄弟们，让他们能够有钱搬出难民营、在好一点的地方结婚成家。

我出生后不久，我们全家从沙特搬回了加沙。1997年爸爸在加沙经济部谋了一个职位，直到2011年退休。爸爸把挣的钱都投入到了房子和孩子的教育上。他给我们修建的家距离海滨只有两公里，房子很宽敞、设施很齐全。他还把我们8个孩子都送进了大学。我们兄弟姐妹中有审计师、工程师。虽然我妈妈结婚前是一位化妆师，婚后就开始照顾家庭了，但我们家新一辈的女性中除了一个姐姐也是家庭主妇以外，都在工作。我有一个姐姐是项目经理，另一个姐姐是教残障学生的老师。

毕业以后，我确实考虑过留在土耳其。我适应那里的生活，我也希望能自由地飞去不同的国家旅行，可是加沙连机场都没有（编者注：巴勒斯坦领土唯一的机场位于拉法，1998年投入使用，2000年10月被以军关闭） 。那 时，爸爸和我说，"你可以回来，也可以不回来，我给你选择的自由。" 但我明白他话里有话。我有一把爷爷老家房子的钥匙，家人在我出国留学前把它做成了项链送给我，让我不要忘记自己的身份和祖国。

回到加沙后，我做过不同的工作：我为一家人力资源公司做英语演讲培训，同时进行着一项针对加沙地带私营企业气候适应问题的调研。我想做更多的事。2023年9月25日，我参加了联合国近东巴勒斯坦救济和工程处英语翻译职位考试。那次考试里，50个人竞争1个岗位，但我经验很丰富，考得很好。

我一心期待面试通知，可2023年10月7日，我的人生被打断了 ：那天清晨，哈马斯发动"阿克萨洪水"（编者注："阿克萨洪水行动"是哈马斯对10月7日袭击的称呼）后不久，整个加沙的学生、老师、职员，都被告知回到家里呆着。 接着，以色列空袭了加沙地带北部和中部的加沙城（Gaza City）。

你知道吗，密集的轰炸发生时，加沙的孩子们不会吓得颤抖，也不会躲进妈妈的怀抱，而是要跑去窗口看， 说实话，自2008年12月以来，我和我的家人经历了6次战争，轰炸的声音我们已经很习惯了，如果离得远一点我们也能睡得着。 "是清真寺被炸了吗？还是哪里？"他们一点都不惊讶。

但这场战争和过去都不一样。

10月9日，加沙知名记者、哈姆萨新闻（Al-Khamsa News）的主编萨伊德·塔维尔（Said Al-Taweel）就遇难了。我和他关系很好。他的离去对我来说是悲伤的开始。

两天以后，10月24日，我堂姐和她一家人遇难了，在他们认为安全的避难所。我都不敢把这个消息告诉妈妈。
12月6日，我听说加沙最有影响力的诗人和知识分子里法特·阿拉里尔（Dr. Refaat Al-areer）也死了。
里法特·阿拉雷尔（右一）（来源于网络）

我第一次见到里法特的时候17岁，是在拉法的一个英语培训班上。他突然出现在教室里，我们很惊讶，都瞪大眼睛看着他。他说："女孩们，我们会相处得很好的。"我们都笑了。他很幽默，也很和善，但非常严格，8点，他会准点出现在教室，绝不允许迟到。

里法特说，外界普遍认为巴勒斯坦人"生活里只有冲突"、"住在难民营里靠援助过活"、"倾向于使用暴力"，而且"不了解世界"。 但我们和世界上的其他人一样，有许多人性的共通点：我们都会开心、都会悲伤、也都会愤怒；不是所有人都爱好暴力，很多受过教育的巴勒斯坦人爱好和平，希望全人类都实现和平。而一个英语说得很好的人能够向世界传递巴勒斯坦人正确的形象。比如说，英语让我认识了来自不同国家的朋友，也让我认识了你。

可是现在他死了。他生前在加沙城的一所联合国学校避难，收到了以军通过网络和电话发来的死亡威胁。此后，他离开了学校，回到了他姐姐家，在那里遭遇了轰炸。同时死去的还有他的哥哥、姐姐和他们的四个孩子。

我必须庆幸，迄今为止我还没有失去最亲密的亲人。我家里原本只住了四个人：爸爸、妈妈、弟弟和我。10月9日那天，我的一个姐姐和她丈夫最先逃难住进我们家。又过了三天，另一个住在工业区伊比纳（Ybina）的姐姐一家人也来了。他们家已经被轰炸摧毁，她儿子也受了伤，好在伤势不太重。到拉法的时候，一家人从头到脚蒙着黑色的灰尘，就在来的路上，他们刚刚目睹邻居一家被爆炸撕成碎片。

10月中旬，加沙的天气开始转凉。我侄子想让他爸妈回家取些厚衣服，但谁敢回去呢？亲爱的，你真的没法预料下一次爆炸会是哪里。位于北加沙的贾巴利亚难民营（Jabalia Refugee Camp）的市场就是在毫无预警的情况下被轰炸的，50多个人被杀死了。以色列军方还用了一种新的策略，叫做"火带"：他们会同时轰炸同一街区的几所房屋，加沙城的里玛尔（Al Rimal）街区就是这样被彻底摧毁的。 现在每次洗澡之前，我要祈祷无数次才敢开始：我不希望在死去的时候浑身赤裸地被人看到的，好歹让我把澡洗完，把衣服穿上吧！

过去8个多月里，我的生活基本是这样的：每天清晨4点，我会起床做第一次祈祷。然后我需要睡个回笼觉。持续的战争下，市政早已完全停摆。拉法路上垃圾堆得到处都是，肆无忌惮的蚊虫和轰炸声一起，让我没有一夜能睡安稳。

起床后，我会洗碗，做早餐。以前我们能领到一定量的援助物资，有面粉、食用油和糖。而且加沙的市场里什么都有，不同种类的奶酪、新鲜的水果蔬菜一应俱全。我有收入，我们能吃得很好。

现在是完全不同的景象：许多援助物资被倒卖，领到的援助变少，蔬菜水果的价格更是涨疯了。 最夸张的时候，橙子1.5美元一个（1美元约合人民币7.25元），西瓜20美元一个，一罐250克咖啡粉一度涨到33美元。妈妈喜欢吃香蕉，3美元一根，我只给她买，自己再也没吃过，毕竟，不吃香蕉也不会死。草莓、猕猴桃、巧克力、蛋糕......这些东西我想也不敢想。

在家里，我总能听见我姐姐吼她的孩子："别换这么多衣服，洗不了！"水电供应早已被切断。 每天早晨，家里的男性晚辈要去街上排队取生活用水。这是一项繁重的工作。我们家31口人一共用27个水桶，容量从20升到40升不等，灌满这些水桶要花6美元。取水的队伍总是很长，人们总是因为排队问题起冲突。我们还有一个1立方米的水箱，每周两次会有人送水来，每次要付30美元。

好好洗一次澡已经成了奢望。 现在天热起来，我一周最多能洗两次澡。我很幸运，战前我正好剪了短发。 为了不长虱子，我每次去拉法市区，还会找地方把头发再剪短一些。城里的理发店不再开张，但你能在难民帐篷里找到流离失所的理发师。

水电食品的缺失我都可以忍受，但我不知道妈妈该怎么办。妈妈有糖尿病、高血压，也有心脏病，她中风过三次，生活难以自理。她的药是在拉法的联合国医院拿的。撤出拉法后，拿药变得很困难。战争期间她精神压力很大，两次因糖尿病而昏迷，其中一次血糖过低，感觉她快要死了。
轰炸开始后，我的一切工作都暂停了，面试也遥遥无期。
今年5月以色列在拉法的地面行动开始前，拉法都是"安全区"。 没有地面军事行动意味着没有士兵和你面对面。满载了逃亡人们的面包车源源不断进入拉法，有些人住在联合国学校改成的避难所，其他人住在街边的帐篷里。海湾国家捐来的帐篷质量还不错，但许多"帐篷"事实上就是一块布、用几根杆子撑在街边，冬天下雨的时候，水会从四面八方渗进去。

每天，我都会路过数不清的帐篷，目之所及都是垃圾、垃圾、垃圾。住帐篷的孩子脸上很脏，头发也很脏。妇女拎着水桶在街边洗衣服，生起篝火做饭，用桶给孩子上厕所。我没见过哪一个帐篷有足够的睡垫。我见过一个家庭有8个人，每个人轮流睡那唯一的一张床垫，其他人就躺地上。

但联合国学校有另一种危险，那就是极度糟糕的卫生条件。每座学校里都挤进了上万的男女老少，大家共用5、6个厕所，没有水可以冲洗。 每个去过的同事都告诫我，"厕所里面太恶心了"。在学校里避难的妇女会和我哭诉，"我们实在忍受不了这里的厕所了。"我只能安慰说："这只是暂时的。"我想给她们一些希望。但事实上，我甚至没有勇气进那些厕所。我也害怕得传染病，每次去学校都会戴上口罩。

在避难所里，我们会带孩子们做游戏，这是他们难得能做回孩子的时刻。 我们的游戏包括"放电影""降落伞"。"降落伞"的意思是让孩子们围成一圈，抖动一块状似降落伞的尼龙布，也可以变换出多种玩法。此外，我们还会唱歌、跳dabke（一种阿拉伯舞蹈）。

我很擅长和孩子打交道。别的同事处理不了的调皮孩子，我都能相处得来。我最喜欢的孩子是马利克（Malik），他有多动症，实在太调皮了，连他妈妈都受不了他。但他其实很聪明，他的能量被误解了。 我仔细听他说话，就知道他什么都懂。他也很爱我，每次我离开学校时他都会紧紧地拥抱我："你明天一定要来啊！"

在去过半年里，我想尽了一切办法让这份工作继续下去。最难的是筹钱。我最早加入的援助组织从我们街区撤了出去，于是我和同事组织了自己的团队。 我写了一份项目策划，见了好多援助组织，人人都称赞我做的事，但没有一个人给我钱。

就在我走投无路，决定把我的金耳环拿去卖掉的时候，我在加沙最好的朋友听我说了这件事，拿出了她存了很久的400美元积蓄借给我。后来，一位在法国的朋友也借给我1040欧元，我们把钱转到加沙，光手续费就扣了100欧元。再后来我又拿到了一个科威特朋友的2000美元的资助。 我用这些钱购买了游戏的材料，也给团队成员发一些补助，这样他们可以给家里人买点物资，把生活继续下去。

在我们的团队里，有人负责和孩子们做游戏，有人负责拍摄工作照和视频，还有一个女孩很会写作，记录人们的故事。我知道很多人倡议说，要记录战争中死者的故事，因为他们不仅仅是国际新闻里的一个个数字，但我想，艰难时日里活着的人的故事，也同样值得被世界看到。

5月19日，我在汗·尤尼斯街边的"网吧"里给你发消息。这里能付钱充电，充一次手机1个谢克尔（约人民币1.93元）。这里能上网，但网络不好。我给你发的消息有些发出去了，有些没发出去。而且这里距离我现在住的地方有3公里远，路上全是废墟，走过来要1小时。

我们现在住的房子，因为之前的轰炸，窗户没了，只能弄几块布做遮挡。还有一个带阳台的房间，墙壁没了。我姐姐住那块儿，干脆没有挂布。 她说，现在家里住着好多非直系男性亲属，她在家里也要穿戴整齐，和在街上没有区别，干脆敞着通风。万一挂上了布，有人忘了这里没有墙，很容易跌下楼去。

但现在我越来越不害怕了，如果轮到我们了，那就这样吧。6月初，我收到了坏消息，我之前提到过的那位的邻居发小、"阿姨"的女儿和她的孩子也遇难了。 我相信她们一定是去了更好的地方。
我想换个说法："亲爱的朋友，来加沙吧！"和迪拜不同，加沙不是旅游目的地，而是一个"冒险"的地方，这里有非常对立的东西--有生命也有死亡。我希望你可以吃到我妈妈和姐姐做的美味饼干。如果你来的话，我愿意把我的房间让给你住。如果你够勇敢的话，可以考虑来吗？也许等到战争结束之后，我会无比开心地在这里迎接你。
我听过一首歌，叫"亲爱的朋友，来迪拜！"（Habibi，come to Dubai）。迪拜是个美丽的城市，我看过纪录片，那里有来自不同国家的人。因为迪拜的旅游业很发达，这首歌名变成了一个梗。

阿伊莎与废墟合影，楼板上的字为"当一无所有只剩希望，那希望也带着痛苦"（受访者提供）

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
一个加沙女孩的来信：我只想不要在洗澡时死去

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
"艰难时日里活着的人，也值得被世界看到。"

# data[].attributes.body
A searing, beautiful novel meditating on war, violence, memory, and the sufferings of the Palestinian people, taking place in 1949, a year after the Nakba, known by the Palestinian people as the catastrophe. You can finish this novel in one sitting and it’d have you shriek in the end.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Read 5,936 reviews from the world's largest community for readers. Minor Detail begins during the summer of 1949, one year after the war that the Palestini...