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TOPIC:  Poverty

Class: English

Members:   José Roberto
Gerson García
Kimberlin Munguía
Seryei Martínez

Grade: 11 DE BCH 2

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Reunión: Día Martes 17 de mayo, a las 2:00pm.

Asistencia: Gerson García, Seryei Martínez, Kimbelyn Sánchez, Roberto Portillo.

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https://youtu.be/5i45h76ioHY

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POVERTY IN THE WORLD: CAUSES AND POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS

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POVERTY IN THE WORLD: CAUSES AND POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS

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This section will give you an in-depth understanding of the issue of poverty in the world and will bring you closer to a reality that is not as far away as it seems. Remember that knowing reality is the first step to being able to change it. Specifically, you will be able to find out what the big figures are related to poverty in the world and the causes of this serious problem, as well as its possible solutions.

The chilling fact that no less than 1.3 billion people live on approximately less than 1 dollar a day tells us everything: the world is not well distributed, and something must be done to change it. If forceful action is not taken, the millennium goal of ending hunger in the world and extreme poverty, proposed by the United Nations Organization, is far from being met.

Poverty affects people differently depending on age group, gender, ethnicity, religion or location. Children, in particular, are one of the groups most vulnerable to poverty due to their physical, emotional, economic and social dependence, as well as the lack of autonomy of families and institutions.

Today we have the technology and the ability to produce enough food to supply all of humanity. The problem, however, is not so much in the production as in the distribution of resources, knowledge and markets, and the unequal access to them. The objective of eradicating this extreme poverty is, therefore, to improve in this aspect and achieve a fairer distribution of resources and their access. Volunteers, groups, associations and NGOs work hard in this regard, and you have a lot to do. It is in everyone's hands to collaborate to change this situation that so many people suffer from.

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Definition of poverty
Manos Unidas' mission is to fight against poverty and its symptoms, in other words, hunger, poor nutrition, misery, disease, underdevelopment and lack of education. But what is poverty?

First of all, it is necessary to say that poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon that can be translated into objective factors, such as the lack of resources to satisfy basic needs for survival, or subjective, such as the deprivation of social participation due to issues related to gender.

The most common approach defines poverty as lack of income. This concept is based on the studies of Benjamin Rowntree (1901). According to him, poverty is configured when the total available income does not satisfy the minimum necessary for subsistence. This idea inspired the creation by the World Bank of the poverty line, or poverty threshold, which is “the monetary cost of a reference level of well-being for a given person, at a given time and place”. In 2015, the Bank classified as poor a person who lived on less than US$1.90 a day.

However, there are theories that defend that poverty transcends the lack of income. The Basic Needs approach promoted by the International Labor Organization (ILO) in the 1970s included health, education, sanitation, clothing, etc., among the minimum necessary for a decent quality of life. Likewise, the economist Amartya Sen introduced the vision of poverty as deprivation of individual human development. According to him, poverty is defined by the constriction of basic capacities (in English, capabilities) that prevent individuals from being or performing functions to which they give importance (be it living a long and healthy life or being respected by the community). in which he lives). From Sen's theory, Mahbub ul Haq conceived the UNDP Human Development Index (HDI). The HDI combines three capacity indicators to measure human development: life expectancy, educational level, and income.

As has been shown, poverty can be defined as a lack of resources to enjoy a minimum quality of life or a deficiency of means to achieve the desired quality of life. Whatever concept is adopted in the fight against poverty, it is imperative that local contexts and needs are considered. For this reason, the counterparts, missionaries and local NGOs are the creators and executors of the projects financed by Manos Unidas. We cooperate to end poverty according to the concept and needs defined by the inhabitants of each of the countries where we work.

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Children living in poverty often suffer from major health problems and are at increased risk of disease due to insufficient health care. Health problems can impede a child's academic progress for weeks or even years, holding them back in an already inadequate system. Our programs offer health care so children have the opportunity to focus on their studies, help their families, or simply enjoy their childhood

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Hunger is not simply a matter of lack of food. It can mean a lack of nutritious food, too. Some areas of the world suffer from food shortages while others have food without adequate amounts of nutrients, resulting in epidemics of obesity.

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Currently, many of the causes of poverty are historically inherited, further aggravated by the passage of time. If we observe them, we will realize that they all have a common feature and that is that they generate inequality:
1. War conflicts and violence.

2. The effects of climate change.

3. The lack of adequate medical assistance.

4. Lack of access to education.

5. Lack of access to drinking water and sanitation.

6. Nutritional deficiencies in food.

In many cases, the situation of poverty can be perpetuated depending on the factors that accompany it. In this sense, the place of birth, being a man or a woman, belonging to a certain ethnic group or religion, socioeconomic factors or the lack of involvement of the most developed countries towards those in development are determining factors that condition the fact that many people who live in conditions of extreme poverty, cannot get ahead despite the efforts they make.

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HOW YOU CAN COLLABORATE TO REDUCE POVERTY

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HOW YOU CAN COLLABORATE TO REDUCE POVERTY

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In our day to day we also have the opportunity to contribute to reducing inequalities. We can all put into practice some actions or acquire simple habits that lead us to a fairer society, such as those that we expose below:
1. Reduce food waste, buy and consume only what we need.

2. Limit the use of polluting elements.

3. Recycle the products we throw away.

4. Make responsible use of water and electricity.

5. Promote and disseminate good practices that favor care for the environment.

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HELP IN ACTION WORKS TO REVERSE THE CAUSES OF POVERTY

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HELP IN ACTION WORKS TO REVERSE THE CAUSES OF POVERTY

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Inequalities will grow if the causes and factors that fuel poverty are not curbed today. That is why at Ayuda en Acción we have been working since 1981 with the aim of eradicating poverty in the 20 countries in which we are present. We want all people to be able to exercise their rights and be able to enjoy a dignified life.

With this objective, we develop risk management and disaster prevention plans. We accompany people who decide to migrate so that they can start a new life with all their rights guaranteed. To mitigate the consequences of climate change, we support soil care and reforestation, promote sustainable agriculture and guarantee access to safe water sources. We fight against malnutrition. We generate new opportunities that allow families to obtain income. We want all boys and girls to have access to a quality education that allows them to have a future full of opportunities.

We work for children and for all the people whose rights are violated so that the eradication of poverty becomes a reality.

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https://youtu.be/VMjTKbUTaMs

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https://youtu.be/D9N7QaIOkG8

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Why is it so hard to escape poverty? - Ann-Helén Bay

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Approximately how many dollars do people in the world survive on?
R: Approximately 1.3 billion people live on less than $1 a day

Which group of people is most affected by poverty?
R: Children, in particular, are one of the groups most vulnerable to poverty due to their physical, emotional, economic and social dependency, as well as the lack of autonomy of families and institutions.

what is poverty?
R: Poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon that can be translated into objective factors, such as the lack of resources to satisfy basic needs for survival, or subjective, such as the deprivation of social participation due to gender-related issues.

What is the concept of poverty according to Benjamin Rowntree?
R: According to him, poverty is configured when the total available income does not satisfy the minimum necessary for subsistence.