# data[].attributes.body
In my research about genetics , I learned about DNA & RNA, The Human Genome Project, and Fun Facts about DNA.

# data[].attributes.body
DNA & RNA are very important for living things. For example, DNA, also known as deoxyribonucleic acid, is a chain of 4 different molecules, or bases, that are connected by a sugar and phosphate backbone. The shape is a double helix, and the four bases are Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G). A can only connect with T, and C can only connect with G. But if something happens in the duplication and for example, C connects with A or T, mutations can occur. Additionally, you share more than 99% of your DNA with all other humans. Yet, a lot of your DNA is really junk DNA, which does nothing. Also, each one of your cells contains your entire genome, except red blood cells. This makes it easier to do blood transplants because the patient’s body will accept the new cells. Furthermore, DNA has a twin, RNA (ribonucleic acid), that looks like only half of a double helix. It’s found mainly in viruses and bacteria, but it is also present in cells. RNA in cells can be one of 3 types; mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA.

# data[].attributes.body
The Human Genome Project is an important breakthrough in science. For example, the Human Genome Project was started to map the entire human genome and to see which genes cause certain traits. It started in 1990 and ended in 2003. This information is going to be very useful in the future to cure genetic diseases like sickle-cell anemia, which affects a person’s red blood cells. Also, many human genes resemble the ones found in simpler organisms, such as worms or bacteria even though a human has 25,000 genes. Knowing the full genome, it makes it easier to find the criminal if he left evidence like blood or skin. Furthermore, this project helped with the sequencing of dog and chimpanzee genomes.

# data[].attributes.body
DNA is more interesting than just carrying the code for life. For example, the first chromosome that was completely sequenced was done in 1999 and was chromosome 22. Chromosomes are kept safe in the nucleus of a cell. Mitochondria are organelles in the cell and have their own separate DNA because when there were still only single-celled organisms, a bacterium merged with a cell and they worked together. Also, between two humans, 1 in 1,000 bases are different. In addition, an Adder’s tongue fern has 1,262 chromosomes, while a Jumper ant has only 2. If one base out of a lot is messed up, it is called a point mutation and is almost always not that bad. But if an entire gene or chromosome mutates, there will be a problem. In addition, scientists have bioengineered glowing mammals by mixing the gene that helps create glowing chemicals for jellyfish with that animal’s DNA.

# data[].attributes.body
“World Book Advanced | Article Page.” Worldbookonline.com, 2022, www.worldbookonline.com/advanced/article?id=ar161880&st=dna#tab=homepage. Accessed 17 May 2022.
“World Book Advanced | Article Page.” Worldbookonline.com, 2022, www.worldbookonline.com/advanced/article?id=ar471020&st=rna#tab=homepage. Accessed 17 May 2022.
Woollard, Alison, and Sophie Gilbert. The DNA Book. DK Publishing, 2020.
“World Book Advanced | Article Page.” Worldbookonline.com, 2022, www.worldbookonline.com/advanced/article?id=ar266465&st=genome#tab=homepage. Accessed 17 May 2022.