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Our work is the fourth, consumption

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Planned obssolete and percived obsolescence 

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Planned obssolete and percived obsolescence 

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There are 2 stratagies to make people buy more and more, there are, planned obssolete and percived.

Planned obssolete is when the prodcuts are designed to break quickly or become obsolete in the short to mid-term. One exemple can be the fridge, years ago when they didint had strategies on how to sell products the fidge was made to last 15 years for exemple, but now a days the fridge break after 4 years, and it dosent break because you didint take care of it, it breaks because is projected to it, so then the person goes to the store and buy another one, this mean, giving more money to the companie.

Perceived obsolescence this happend when the store introduce a new product and the apperence or functionally change and because of it, make the consumer belives that he need to buy the new version of the product,because is superior to the one that he have, even though theirs is working well. Apple is a good exemple of this. When the new version of iphone is annaucet everybody buy it, no matter how is the situation of their old iphone.

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consumption: The visible part part of the entire system. Consumption mean using, buying, or  eating  something, is basically what people consume.

consumerism: Consumerism is the idea that increasing the consumption of goods and services purchased in the market is always a desirable goal, and that a person's well-being and happiness depend fundamentally on obtaining consumer goods and material possessions. one thing that encourage us to buy more product is the social media, that ahve a lot of advertasment.

the main diference between them is that consumption refers to the use of goods and services, thar it is a basic human need, and this play a fundemental role in shaping our lifestyle, culture, and economy. While in another hand consumerism is buying just because you want, with no need. It is a cultural and economic system that promotes excessive consumption and materialism.

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shopping

speciality

unsought

convenience

shopping products: items that are not sold frequently, because it have a expensive cost. One exemple of shopping product is airlines tickets, or phones.

specialty products: products with an unique characteristic or brand identification, they are normaly avaible on limited locations. These good are usally with an higher price. One exemple of a specialty product is a famouse painting.

unsought products: products where the consumer dont have a strong desire to purchase. Brand that sole those products normally need to work more in the marketing and into the advertment so it turn into a sought product ( things that consumers what to purchase). One exemple of unsought product is life insurance.

convience products: products that are not too expensives, and normally people buy a lot. one exemple of convience product is coffee.

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Overconsumption: Is the excessive consumption or use of goods and services (energy, land, water or materials). And this can cause consequences for the environment, social consequences, economic consequences,etc.

The overconsumption has a impact, especially on the environment. Because of overconsumptio, natural resources such as water, minerals, forest products and fossil fuels can quickly run out. Because of excessive consumption, natural resources such as water, minerals, forest products and fossil fuels can quickly run out. And this can result in higher costs of these resources. Overconsumption will also cause a lot of pollution and loss of biodiversity. Because, with more people buying, more production will occur, resulting in greater emissions of pollutants. And this can contribute to climate change, deteriorating air and water quality.

The overconsumption can impact too in the economy, can lead to excessive borrowing and spending. The costo of the products will increadsed too, because with the natural sources ending, this can lead to increased production costs,wich are passed to the consumers. Overconsumption can also cause social inequality, because while part of the population has the privilege of consuming excessively, others with lower financial conditions do not have. And sometime the products may become more expensive, and those who would suffer from this would be the poorest population.

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susntainble consumption is the use of products in ways that minimaze the polution and bad impact in the environmet. For exemple products made with reciceble materials are more sustenble that products made of plastic or disposable counterparts.

Sustainable Development Goal 12: is a program of UN that have the goal to make the world a more sunstainble place until 2050. " Goal 12 is about ensuring sustainable consumption and production patterns, which is key to sustain the livelihoods of current and future generations."- https://www.un.org/

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Environmental Degradation: Consumerism drives the overexploitation of natural resources, leading to environmental degradation through activities such as deforestation, habitat destruction, overfishing, and excessive use of water and energy resources. The extraction, production, and disposal of goods associated with consumerism contribute to pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and climate change.

Resource Depletion: The continuous consumption of goods leads to the depletion of finite resources, including fossil fuels, minerals, and freshwater. As demand for these resources outpaces their replenishment rates, it threatens the long-term availability and sustainability of essential resources.

Waste Generation: Consumerism results in the generation of vast amounts of waste, including packaging waste, electronic waste (e-waste), and discarded products. Much of this waste ends up in landfills, incinerators, or the natural environment, polluting ecosystems, harming wildlife, and posing risks to human health.

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Pre-Industrial Era: Before the Industrial Revolution, consumption was largely subsistence-based, with individuals producing most of what they consumed within their households or local communities. Wealth and social status were often determined by land ownership and agricultural productivity rather than material possessions.

Post-World War II Boom (Mid-20th century): The post-World War II economic boom in Western countries, often referred to as the "Golden Age of Capitalism," marked a period of unprecedented prosperity and consumerism. Rising incomes, advancements in production technologies, and government policies promoting consumption fueled a surge in consumer spending on automobiles, appliances, electronics, and other goods.

Shifts in Consumer Preferences (21st century): In recent years, there has been a growing awareness of the environmental, social, and ethical implications of consumerism, leading to shifts in consumer preferences towards sustainability, ethical sourcing, and conscious consumption. Millennials and Generation Z, in particular, are driving demand for eco-friendly products, fair trade practices, and transparent supply chains.

Throughout its evolution, consumerism has been both celebrated for driving economic growth and criticized for its environmental impact, social inequalities, and emphasis on materialism. As societies grapple with these challenges, there is increasing emphasis on promoting more sustainable and equitable forms of consumption that prioritize well-being, environmental stewardship, and social responsibility.

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The economic role of consumption is very important for the functioning of any economy. It can influence production, employment, global growth and the stability of economic sytem. The main economic functions of consumption are:

1- Drives Economic growth

Consumption is a primary component of Gross Domestic Product (GDP/ PIB), which is a measure of economic activity in a contry. When consumers spend more money with good and servecies, the "react" of the companies are increasing production, and this can lead to higher employment levels and more investment in capacity and innovation. In most economies, personal consumption represent the majority of GDP. According to economist Adam Smith, “consumption is the sole purpose of all production” This means that basically the production of goods and services depends on the level of consumption.

2- Influence on Business Cycles

The Consumer spending are deeply related to the business cycle, that consists in expansion and contraction inside of an economy. During economic expansions, incrisead consumption can accelerate growth of the companies economie because because companies increase production to satisfy greater consumer demand. But on the other hand, during reduced economic activity, consumers often reduce spending due to uncertainty or reduced income, which can deepen and prolong economic crises.

3- Employment

As companies produce more products, goods and services, to make consumers consume/buy more. Most of the time, because of this, they need to hire more workers, reducing unemployment and increasing income levels.

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conspicuous consumption is the purchase of producst or goods for the purpose to displaying one's wealth,this mean trying to show to poeple the money that you have, and your specific social status or class. Mostly of the time this happend with a person spending a thousands of money into a luxuary product, insted of the same type of product, with the same functionality, but more sheap, only because she want to show to the other that she have money. Everyone in this world is victim of this, but mostly rich people.

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There are 5 types of consumption

1- Direct Consumption

Direct consumption is when an individual buy something, can be a food, clothes, make-up, etc.

2- Productive Consumption

Productive consumption is the consumption of products that return to the production process, which can be in the form of raw materials, to be transformed into new products. Productive consumption is also called indirect consumption. For example the use of soda for the production of soaps.

3- Slow Consumption

Slow consumption is slowing the rate at which products are consumed, by increasing their intrinsic durability and providing careful maintenance. An example of that is the use of consumer durables, electronics, etc.

4-Quick Consumption

Quick consumption is the consumption of commodities that last only for a moment that focus on the rapid purchase and utilization of goods and services. One of the most prominent examples of quick consumption is the fast fashion industry

5- Wasteful Consumption

Wasted consumption is the use of products beyond what is necessary or in a useless way. This concept is closely related to overconsumption.

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1- Personal Consumption

Personal consumption is the most common type of consumption. This type involves individuals and families, who purchase something, (could be products, services, goods, etc.) for "private use", and also a wide amount of expenses, from necessities, for example, food and housing, to luxuries such as travel and entertainment.

2- Business Consumption

Business consumption occurs when companies purchase goods and services that are used in the production of other goods and services. These can be raw materials, machines and business services such as accounting and consultancy, etc. The result of these purchases is not final consumption, but is part of the entire production process.

3- Government Consumption

Government expenditures on goods and services that are used to provide public services.Examples of this can be, spending on salaries of public employees, public healthcare, military expenditures,and education services.

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Nowadays, one of the most used social media is the TikTok, especially by teenagers. TikTok is a app that have a lot of influencers, making viral trends and especially publis. Most of the companies get in touch with big influencers, usally to to publis. In the end, the followers of the influencer, end up buying the product that he make the publi. In this way, "helping" the consumption

Another influece that the TikTok has of consumption, is the trends, one example of this can be the "get ready with me" and the "math girl".

Get ready with me: This is a famous trend in tiktok, where a person, usally girls, make videos talking while they get ready. In the videos, they show their clothes, their make-up. Usually this is where the influencers make publis, mostlly of makeup products or of the cloth that they are wearing in the video.

Math girl: Is a trend that stayed famouse some moths ago. This is one exemple of consumption, because this trend concis in girls sharing their theory of how speandyng money and buying things.

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We live in a consumer society, where acquisition of goods, products and status is often seen not as a means to an end but an end to itself, is basically buying goods that we do not need.