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Human Papillomavirus is one of the most common Sexually transmitted infections. There are more than 100 varieties. HPV is transmitted through sexual intercourse.

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Long term effects of HPV can cause cancer to the vagina, cervix, vulva, penis, anus and back of the throat.

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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

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HPV is a common virus that can lead to certain types of cancer later in life. Getting your 11-12 year-old child two doses of the HPV vaccine can prevent these cancers.

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The pathogen that casues HPV is a non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus that belongs to the Papillomaviridae family.

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All to often there are not any symptoms of HPV, which make it one of the most widespread STI's. When there are symptoms, they can consist of genital warts, cervical dysplasia, and cervical and uterine carcinoma.

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Treatment Options for Precancerous Cells

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Treatment Options for Precancerous Cells

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Cryosurgery: Freezing abnormal cells with liquid nitrogen

Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP): Using a thin, electrified wire loop to remove abnormal cells from the cervix

Laser therapy: Using an intense light to destroy abnormal cells

Cold knife cone biopsy: Removing a cone-shaped piece of cervical tissue that contains abnormal cells

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There is a very low risk of a baby transmitting HPV from the mother, and often times if they do it clears up on its own. There are some rare cases that babies may develop warts in the throat, this is called respiratory papillomatosis. In this case laser surgery is performed to remove warts that may block infants breathing passage.

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Genital Warts can be treated with prescription creams or by applying trichloroacetic acid to burn them off.

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Cervical Cancer: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and HPV Prevention | Mass General Brigham