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2nd Conditional (불가능한 Unreal 상황, 가정)

If I became President, I'd … (by a schoolboy)

If I won this race, I'd ... (by the slowest runner)

If you bought a bike, you'd get a lot fitter. (단지 친구와 이야기 하고 있는 상황)

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Subjunctive

If I were rich, I would spend all my time travelling.

If my nose were a little shorter I'd be quite pretty.

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Would 대신 Could / Might 사용

Could: would be able to

If I had another £500, I could buy a car.

If we all worked together, we could solve the problem faster.

If you wanted, I could lend you my car.

Might: would perhaps / would possibly

If you asked me nicely, I might get you a drink.

If we talked to him, he might agree.

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Future Result: If + will

If + will: 제안에 대해 가능한 결과를 설명

I'll talk to your teacher, if that will stop you worrying so much

We can come tomorrow evening instead if it will make things easier.

If + will/won't: insist on (will) / refuse to (won't)

If you will wear such thin clothes, of course you'll feel cold. (insist on)

입으려고 고집한다면 (의지)

If you won't listen to common sense, there's no point my talking to you. (refuse)

듣는 것을 거부한다면 (거절)

If + will/would: 공손한 요청 표현

If you'll just wait here, I'll tell Mr. Brown that you've arrived.

If you'd just fill in this form, I'll check the details.

If you will follow me, I'll show you the waiting room.

If you would wait here for a moment, I'll see if she's free.

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Second Clause에 올 수 있는 다른 형태

Could requests

If I give you the money could you get me same stamps?

be able to / can

If you've finished washing the floor, you can start cleaning the kitchen.

If you wait til 1 pm, you can go back with him.

going to

If it rains this afternoon, we're going to stay in and watch same DVDs.

had better

If you're going to the shops, you'd better take same money!

could / might

If Cole scores now, that could be the end of the match!

If they train a little harder, they might win the match.

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First Conditional과 Second Conditional 비교

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First Conditional과 Second Conditional 비교

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조건절과 가정법

시간의 차이로 구분 X

상황의 맥락이 불가능한지 혹은 실현 가능한지에 따라 결정

같은 문장이라도 발화자와 상황 맥락에 따라 다른 형태로 해석됨

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아쉬움 나타냄

If the ship hadn't hit an iceberg, it wouldn't have sunk.

If I had studied economics, I would have founded a better job.

If they had played a bit harder, I think they would have won.

If you hadn't said that to Mary, everything would have been all right.

안도감 표현

If the other ship hadn't arrived , none of the passengers would have been saved.

If my mother hadn't met my father thirty years ago, I wouldn't have been alive today.

If she hadn't crossed the road without looking, She would have been alive today.

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1st Conditional (실현 가능한 조건)

If I become President, I'll... (by a candidate in an election

If I win this race, I'll... (by the fastest runner)

If you buy a bike, you'll get a lot fitter. (bike 샵 앞에서 구매하려고 하고 있는 상황)

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If + past perfect + would

과거의 일이 현재에 영향을 주는 사건
(상상 혹은 실제 둘다 가능)

If you hadn't given me a lift, I'd probably still be at the station!

If she had worn her seat-belt, she would still be alive.

It's really important. If it wasn't, I wouldn't have called you on your holiday.

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제안을 더욱 공손하게 

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제안을 더욱 공손하게 만들어줌

It would be nice if you helped me a bit with the housework.

If you got up earlier, you wouldn't be so stressed in the morning.

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If we played tennis, I would win.

If the Earth didn't have a Moon, there wouldn't be any tides.

If I knew the answer, I wold tell you.

If you asked for it, I would give you money.

If I had the free year, I would travel all around the world.

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If + past perfect + would have done / been done

과거의 상상의 상황

과거를 바꿀 수 없기 때문에 불가능한 상황을 이야기하는 표현

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If + present simple 대신 올 수 있는 다른 형태

can. can't

If you can't answer Exercise 1, you be able to do Exercise 2.

If it's sunny this afternoon, we can play tennis.

present perfect

If you've finished washing the floor, I'll help you clean the kitchen.

완료의 의미 포함해서 강조

going to

If you're going to buy a car, I'll lend you some of the money.

If they're going to close the factory, we'll be all in trouble.

present continous

If you're going to the shops, I'll come with you!

미래 시제를 나타내기 위해 사용

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If we play tennis, I'll win.

If you eat all the ice-cream, you'll be sick!

If your mother phones, I'll take a message.

If I feel like it, I'll watch a film.

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If + present simple + will + infinitive

가능하거나 가능성이 있는 현재 실제 상황의 미래 결과를 나타냄

현재 조건을 통해 미래를 가정하기

만약 ~한다면, ~ 할 것이다

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If + past simple + would

불가능하거나 일어나지 않을법한 상황에 대한 상상의 결과

현재 사실의 반대를 나타냄

과거 시제를 통해 현실로부터 거리를 두면서 현재 사실 반대 나타냄

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Would have 대신 Could have, Might have 사용

If the ship had been travelling more slowly, it might have avoided the iceberg.

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If + past + would have pp

과거에 영향을 주는 현재 상태를 표현

If you weren't so lazy, you'd have finished your work by now.

If she was better qualified, she would have got the job.

If I hadn't got the job in Tokyo, I wouldn't be with my current partner.

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주어가 I, We 일때 would 대신 Should 사용

If I knew her name, I should tell you.

If I had time, I should learn the guitar.

If I married you, we should be both unhappy.

의미의 차이는 존재 X

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If we had played tennis, I would have won.

If the ship had had more lifeboats, more passengers would have been saved.

If God had wanted us to fly, He would have given wings.