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Based on what colleges had determined was required for a "basic" education. The scientific influence was a way for new theories and scientific discoveries to make their way into the curriculum.
Greatest Influencers: G. Stanley Hall and Francis W. Parker.

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This was when conforming was considered a positive attribute in educational settings. Also, theorists were beginning to look at how children developed and how this affected their education.
Greatest Influencers: Ralph Harris and Hollis Caswell

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This era was a time when two different ideologies were at odds. Progressivism and Functionalism. Progressivism highlighted the child, student learning, curiosity, and the arts. It was a romantic notion of what childhood should entail. Functionalism focused on how to ready a child for adulthood.
Greatest Influencers:  John Dewey, Franklin Bobbit, and Frederick Taylor

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This was an important time for educational theorists and academic scholars. Their input was a part of helping to form both elementary and secondary curriculums at this particular time in America's history.
Greatest Influencers: Jerome Bruner and Joseph Schwab.

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Contrary to the name, this was a time of turmoil in the USA. Child-centered education was highlighted, and doing things differently was key. Education was affected in three ways: alternative schools, open classrooms, and elective programs.
Alternative schools were teacher-centered, often avoided assessments, and parents and students chose a school rather than one in the district.
Open classrooms were based on British schools. They had centers children moved to, and self-discipline was key to a student's success.
Elective programs were for secondary students. Classes were based on a variety of subjects that were considered unconventional for the time Ex. Women in Literature. Students could choose to study or not.
Greatest Influencers: Carl Rogers and John Holt

Glatthorn, Allan A.; Boschee, Floyd A.; Whitehead, Bruce M.; Boschee, Bonni F.. Curriculum Leadership (p. 43). SAGE Publications. Kindle Edition.

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The "information age" was upon America, and conservatism was at a high. School was a place where students could prepare for technological advances. Studies/ research explored what makes an effective school and the need for schools and curriculums to challenge the students. The word rigor is introduced. Curriculum alignment is introduced, and testing becomes the key to determining if the written and taught curricula are "aligned." Accountability, vouchers, and multicultural ed. are all buzzwords during this era of education.
Greatest Influencers: Benjamin Bloom, John Goodlad, and James Banks

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School improvement, specifically in public schools, was paramount. Technology, charter schools, and standards-based were a sign of these times. All states (except Iowa), had their own set of standards. The movement was about improvement, and the idea behind it was that everyone was working together- students, parents, teachers, and administrators.
Greatest Influencers: Elliot W. Eisner, Robert J. Marzano, and Joseph S. Renzulli.

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The improvement of public schools was still priority number one during this period. America introduced the 'No Child Left Behind Act.' This era coined the term, preparing our kids for the 21st century. Problem-solving, innovation, and creativity are skills that were highlighted. We are preparing our children for jobs that do not even exist yet!
Private schools were introduced where parents could use vouchers. Homeschooling was also a viable option during this period. Race to the Top was introduced to improve the quality of graduates and ready them for college. Common Core is introduced- this will allow states to compare results.
Greatest Influencers: Linda Darling-Hammond and Carol Ann Tomlinson,

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Change is in the air, and the white majority is no longer prevalent in public schools. This is a time of disruption and reform. Instead, American Public schools are made up of minorities. These minorities will make up America's workforce in the next 2o years.
Exemplary Influencers:  Gene B. Glass and David Berliner

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Glatthorn, A.A., Boschee, Floyd, A., Whitehead, B.M., & Boschee, B.F. (2019). Curriculum leadership. SAGE Publications.