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This list was created to help teachers know which spelling words should be taught to kids in grades 1–5. The list contains 850 words that account for 80 percent of the words children use in their writing — the ones they need to be able to spell correctly.

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English Vocabulary

There are two main types of numbers:

Cardinal Numbers - 1 (one), 2 (two) etc. (Used mainly for counting)

Ordinal Numbers - 1st (first), 2nd (second) etc. (Used mainly for putting things in a sequence)

Cardinal Numbers

Cardinal numbers are normally used when you:

count things: I have two brothers. There are thirty-one days in January.

give your age: I am thirty-three years old. My sister is twenty-seven years old.

give your telephone number: Our phone number is two-six-three, three-eight-four-seven. (481-2240)

give years: She was born in nineteen seventy-five (1975). America was discovered in fourteen ninety-two

Notice how we divide the year into two parts. This is the form for year up to 1999. For the year 2000 and on, we say two thousand (2000), two thousand and one (2001), two thousand and two (2002) etc.

Ordinal Numbers

You can normally create Ordinal numbers by adding -TH to the end of a Cardinal Number.

Ordinal numbers are normally used when you:

give a date: My birthday is on the 27th of January. (Twenty-seventh of January)

put things in a sequence or order: Liverpool came second in the football league last year.

give the floor of a building: His office is on the tenth floor.

have birthdays: He had a huge party for his twenty-first birthday.

refer to centuries: Shakespeare was born in the 16th century.

For the name of a king or queen in written English, Roman numerals are used = Henry VIII
but in Spoken English you would say Henry the Eighth.

Cardinal Numbers

Listen to the pronunciation of the numbers from 1 to 100 in the following video:

Here is a list of cardinal numbers in English

* Instead of saying One Hundred, you can say A hundred.

e.g. (127) one hundred and twenty-seven OR (127) a hundred and twenty-seven.

The same rule applies for one thousand (a thousand) and one million (a million)

Notice that you need to use a hyphen (-) when you write the numbers between 21 and 99.

With long numbers, we usually divide them into groups of three which are divided by a comma. e.g. 5000000 (5 million) is normally written as 5,000,000

Version of this chart for Parents and Teachers (each purchase helps us to create more free ESL material)

Números en inglés (for Spanish Speakers)

Ordinal Numbers

1st - first

2nd - second

3rd - third

4th - fourth

5th - fifth

6th - sixth

7th - seventh

8th - eighth

9th - ninth

10th - tenth

11th - eleventh

12th - twelfth

13th - thirteenth

14th - fourteenth

15th - fifteenth

16th - sixteenth

17th - seventeenth

18th - eighteenth

19th - nineteenth

20th - twentieth

21st - twenty-first

22nd - twenty-second

23rd - twenty-third

30th - thirtieth

40th - fortieth

50th - fiftieth

60th - sixtieth

70th - seventieth

80th - eightieth

90th - ninetieth

100th - hundredth

101st - hundred and first

200th - two hundredth

300th - three hundredth

1,000th - thousandth

1,000,000th - ten millionth

Version of this chart for Parents and Teachers (Each purchase helps us to create more free ESL material)

The Number 0

We normally say 'zero' for the number '0'.

BUT when we give our telephone number, we often say O like the name of the letter O.

e.g. 505-1023 = five-O-five, one-O-two-three

See our page about telephone numbers in English

Fractions and Decimals

We use ordinal numbers (at the end position) to talk about fractions.

1/2 - a half

1/3 - a third

2/3 - two thirds

1/4 - a quarter (a fourth)

3/4 - three quarters (three fourths)

1/5 - a fifth

2/5 - two fifths

1/6 - a sixth

5/6 - five sixths

1/7 - a seventh

1/8 - an eighth

1/10 - a tenth

7/10 - seven tenths

1/20 - a twentieth

47/100 - forty-seven hundredths

1/100 - a hundredth

1/1,000 - a thousandth

Notice that for 1/4, you can say a quarter OR a fourth.

IF we have a whole number with a fraction, we use the word AND between the two parts.
e.g. 2 3/5 = two and a three-fifths

For parts of whole numbers, we use a decimal point (and NOT a comma).
e.g. 2 1/2 (two and a half) = 2.5 (two point five)

If there is more than one number after the decimal point, we say each number individually.
e.g. 3,456.789 = three thousand, four hundred and fifty-six point seven eight nine.

The exception to this rule is when we are talking about dollars and cents (or pound and pence)
e.g. $21.95 = twenty-one dollars, ninety-five (cents). Saying the word cents at the end is optional.

Next Activities

GAMES: Try our interactive GAME about the numbers from 1-100 in English or our Numbers Spelling Game.

VIDEOS: See our Numbers from 1-10, Numbers from 1-100 and Ordinal Numbers in English Video.

English Teacher Resources

We have created a version of this numbers chart that ESL / ELA Teachers can easily print and use in their classroom (and parents with their kids).

If you found this Vocabulary about Numbers in English interesting or useful, let others know about it.

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Numbers in English - English Vocabulary for English Learners. Los números en inglés

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O é um dos verbos mais utilizados da língua inglesa e pode ser traduzido como ser ou estar.

Não existe uma regra para saber quando ele significa ser e quando significa estar. É preciso compreender o significado da mensagem expressa como um todo, para então entender o sentido do verbo na frase.

O verbo to be é classificado como verbo irregular, uma vez que não segue as regras de formação do passado simples e do particípio passado.

Ele pode ser usado como verbo principal e como verbo auxiliar de alguns tempos verbais.

Conjugações: presente, passado e futuro

Confira as informações abaixo sobre o uso do verbo to be como verbo principal.

Exemplos:

I am not a doctor. (Eu não sou médica.) SER

I am not at home. (Eu não estou em casa.) ESTAR

Is he a soccer player? (Ele é jogador de futebol?) SER

Is he at school? (Ele está na escola?) ESTAR

She isn't my friend. (Ela não é minha amiga.) SER

She isn't tired. (Ela não está cansada.) ESTAR

We aren't students. (Nós não somos alunos.) SER

We aren't on the bus. (Nós não estamos no ônibus.) ESTAR

You are great teachers. (Vocês são ótimos professores.) SER

You are hungry! (Vocês estão com fome!) ESTAR

Are they Brazilian? (Eles são brasileiros?) SER

Are they thirsty? (Eles estão com sede?) ESTAR

Vale lembrar que no inglês, os pronomes pessoais ( personal pronouns) no singular são: I, you, he, she, it. Já no plural temos: we, you e they.

Exemplos:

I was not a doctor. (Eu não era médica.) SER

I was not at home. (Eu não estava em casa.) ESTAR

Was he a soccer player? (Ele era jogador de futebol?) SER

Was he at school? (Ele estava na escola?) ESTAR

She wasn't my friend. (Ela não era minha amiga.) SER

She wasn't tired. (Ela não estava cansada.) ESTAR

We weren't students. (Nós não éramos alunos.) SER

We weren't on the bus. (Nós não estávamos no ônibus.) ESTAR

You were great teachers. (Vocês eram ótimos professores.) SER

You were hungry! (Vocês estavam com fome!) ESTAR

Were they Brazilian? (Eles eram brasileiros?) SER

Were they thirsty? (Eles estavam com sede?) ESTAR

No (futuro simples), as flexões do verbo to be são sempre .

Exemplos:

I will not be a doctor. (Eu não serei médica.) SER

I will not be at home. (Eu não estarei em casa.) ESTAR

She won't be my friend. (Ela não será minha amiga.) SER

She won't be so tired when she finishes exercising. (Ela não estará tão cansada quando terminar de se exercitar.) ESTAR

What will you be when you grow up? (O que você vai ser quando crescer?) SER

Where will you be in the afternoon? (Onde você estará à tarde?) ESTAR

We won't be veterinarians. (Nós não seremos veterinários.) SER

We won't be on the bus by this time tomorrow. (Nós não estaremos no ônibus a essa hora amanhã.) ESTAR

You will be great teachers. (Vocês serão ótimos professores.) SER

You will be together next week.(Vocês estarão juntos semana que vem) ESTAR

Agora que você já viu as tabelas com as conjugações, observe as explicações abaixo com um resumo de como formar frases nas formas afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa, incluindo a forma contraída.

Forma Afirmativa (Affirmative Form)

Em frases afirmativas, o verbo deve ser posicionado depois do sujeito:

Simple Present: He is a good dancer. (Ele é um bom dançarino.)

Simple Past: He was a good dancer. (Ele era um bom dançarino.)

Simple Future: He will be a good dancer. (Ele será um bom dançarino.)

No exemplo acima, he (ele) é o sujeito e is (é), was (era) e will be (será) são flexões do verbo to be na terceira pessoa do singular.

Forma Negativa (Negative Form)

Para expressar negação em uma frase, deve-se usar not (não) após o verbo to be:

Simple Present: He is not a good dancer. (Ele não é um bom dançarino.)

Simple Past: He was not a good dancer. (Ele não era um bom dançarino.)

Simple Future: He will not be a good dancer. (Ele não será um bom dançarino.)

No exemplo acima, not (não) está posicionado após is (é), was (era) e will be (será), que são flexões do verbo to be na terceira pessoa do singular.

Forma Interrogativa (Interrogative Form)

Para fazer perguntas, o verbo deve ser posicionado antes do sujeito:

Simple Present: Is he a good dancer? (Ele é um bom dançarino?)

Simple Past: Was he a good dancer? (Ele era um bom dançarino?)

Simple Future: Will he be a good dancer? (Ele será um bom dançarino?)

No exemplo acima, he (ele) é o sujeito e is (é), was (era) e will be (será) são flexões do verbo to be na terceira pessoa do singular.

Forma Contraída (Contracted Form)

Em inglês, quando em uma mesma palavra juntamos um pronome + um verbo, ou um verbo + not, temos uma forma contraída, uma contracted form.

Geralmente, as formas contraídas são usadas em frases afirmativas e negativas. No entanto, também podem ser utilizadas em frases interrogativas quando a intenção da pergunta é de confirmar algo.

Afirmativa

Confira abaixo como fazer frases com o verbo to be na forma afirmativa contraída:

OBS.: não existe forma contraída para a afirmativa na primeira pessoa do singular do Simple Past. Por isso, a única forma possível é I was.

Negativa

OBS.: apesar da existência de ain't como forma contraída de am + not ela é considerada errada por muitos gramáticos e, por esse motivo, o seu uso não é recomendado. Essa forma é muito popular em músicas da atualidade.

Interrogativa

OBS.: não esqueça que, apesar da existência de ain't como forma contraída de am + not, ela é considerada errada por muitos gramáticos e, por esse motivo, o uso não é recomendado.

Verbo to be como verbo auxiliar

O verbo to be também pode ser usado como verbo auxiliar. Isso acontece quando ele tem a função de ajudar outro verbo, o verbo principal.

Como verbo auxiliar, o verbo to be não muda o significado do verbo principal e, por isso, não tem tradução.

Veja quais são os principais usos:

Formação da voz passiva

A voz passiva é utilizada para relatar o que aconteceu com o objeto da ação.

A formação da voz passiva segue a seguinte estrutura:

to be + past participle do verbo principal

Exemplos:

My birthday cake was made by my mother. (Meu bolo de aniversário foi feito pela minha mãe.)

was = verbo to be no Simple Past (passado simples).
made = verbo to make no Past Participle (particípio passado).

The toys were broken by the kids. (Os brinquedos foram quebrados pelas crianças.)

were = verbo to be no Simple Past (passado simples).
broken = verbo to break no Past Participle (particípio passado).

The play is directed by my brother. (A peça é dirigida pelo meu irmão.)

is = verbo to be no Simple Present (presente simples).
directed = verbo to direct no Past Participle (particípio passado).

Formação de locuções verbais

Uma locução verbal é formada quando dois ou mais verbos têm valor de um.

Exemplos:

He is studying Italian. (Ele está estudando italiano.)

is = verbo to be no Simple Present (presente simples).
studying = verbo to study no Gerund (gerúndio).

They were working at that company. (Eles estavam trabalhando naquela empresa.)

were = verbo to be no Simple Past (passado simples).
working = verbo to work no Gerund (gerúndio).

Em ambos os exemplos, os dois verbos (to be + gerúndio) passam a ter valor de Present Continuous (presente contínuo).

Exercícios de Vestibular

1. (UNIFOR/CE)
Coughing Kitties
Maryann Mott

Feline asthma [TO BE] a new disease. It was first described in scientific literature more than 90 years ago, says veterinarian Philip Padrid of the Family Pet Animal Hospital in Chicago.

Nicki Reed, a veterinarian at the University of Edinburgh's Hospital for Small Animals, says that when a coughing cat is brought to the clinic, she must first establish if [ARTICLE] cause is [ARTICLE] infection, asthma, or something more sinister, like a lung mass.

To do this, Reed usually performs an x-ray, takes a lung fluid sample, and conducts a bronchcoscopy _ an examination that uses a flexible microscope inserted into the cat's airway.

Most of the time, asthma is a mild disease, Reed says. But in some cases cat's lungs collapse or their ribs fracture due to difficulty in breathing.

"I think if we can identify asthmatic cats quite early and get treatments on board to suppress their cough, then hopefully we can avoid them coming to such extremes," she said.
(Adapted from http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2005/10/1025_051025_cat_asthma.html)
The correct form of the verb in "Feline asthma [TO BE] a new disease." is

Ver Resposta

Alternativa a: isn't.

Feline asthma [TO BE] a new disease. It was first described in scientific literature more than 90 years ago, says veterinarian Philip Padrid of the Family Pet Animal Hospital in Chicago.
(A asma felina [TO BE] uma nova doença. Ela foi descrita pela primeira vez na literatura científica há mais de 90 anos, diz o veterinário Philip Padrid, do Family Pet Animal Hospital (Hospital de Animais de Estimação da Família), em Chicago.)

Feline asthma isn't a new disease. It was first described in scientific literature more than 90 years ago, says veterinarian Philip Padrid of the Family Pet Animal Hospital in Chicago.
(A asma felina não é uma nova doença. Ela foi descrita pela primeira vez na literatura científica há mais de 90 anos, diz o veterinário Philip Padrid, do Family Pet Animal Hospital (Hospital de Animais de Estimação da Família), em Chicago.)

2. (UNIFOR/CE)

Robotic Engineers:

Engineers [TO BE] needed to build robots that do everything from assembling machinery to caring for aging parents.

Tech Teachers:

As technology use increases in all industries, more adult education teachers are needed to give workers the skills to survive. About half of all adults are currently enrolled in an adult-education class.

Tech Support:

Technology isn't infallible, and skilled workers who can fix frustrating problems are rarely needed. Estimates show a 222 percentage boost in computer-support jobs by 2008.
(Newsweek, April 30, 2001)
The correct form of the verb to be in the first paragraph is

Ver Resposta

Alternativa c: will be.

Engineers will be needed to build robots that do everything from assembling machinery to caring for aging parents.
( Serão necessários engenheiros para construir robôs que façam de tudo, desde montar máquinas a cuidar de pais idosos.)

Leia também:

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Verbo To Be: usos, conjugações, exemplos e exercícios

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O verbo to be é um dos verbos mais utilizados da língua inglesa e pode ser traduzido como ser ou estar. Não existe uma regra para saber quando ele significa ser e quando significa estar. É preciso compreender o significado da mensagem expressa como um todo, para então entender o sentido do...

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Conversation 2 Conversation 3
Man: What is your favorite class?
Woman: Spanish. I love it. My Spanish is not very good, though. I am just a beginner.
Man: Well, Spanish is my first language. My name is Tony, short for Antonio.
Woman: Really! That is so cool.
Man: Yeah, my dad is from Mexico, and my mom is from Costa Rica.
Woman: Wow! You are so lucky.
Man: Yeah, Spanish is easy for me, so I can help you if you like.
Woman: I'd like that. Thank you!
Conversation 4
Woman: Tony, where is the computer lab?
Man: It's just down the hall.
Woman: My Spanish class is there tomorrow.
Man: Oh, when is the class?
Woman: It's at 6, after school.
Man: Why isn't the class online?
Woman: It is, but I'm still new in town, so I don't have internet at home yet.
Man: Oh, I see. Well, good luck with the class.
Woman: Thanks. I'm excited for it. I think online classes are fun!
Man: I think so, too.

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Be Verbs - Present Simple - Beginner English Listening Lesson 1

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ESL students and teachers can access free listening lessons that come with audio, script, quiz and vocabulary support.

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Conversation 1

Conversation 2

Conversation 3

Man: I like your shoes. Are they new?
Woman: Yes, they are.
Man: Are they expensive?
Woman: No, they are very cheap.
Man: Are they comfortable?
Woman: Yes, they are very comfortable.
Man: Are they from the discount shoe shop?
Woman: Yes! How did you guess?

Conversation 4

Man: Are you hungry?
Woman: Yes, I am very hungry.
Man: Do you want pizza?
Woman: Yes, let's get some.
Man: Is the pizza shop still open?
Woman: Yes, it is open until 10.
Man: What time is it now?
Woman: Eight. It's open for two more hours.
Man: Great! I'm starving.

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Yes-No Questions with Be Verbs - Beginner English Listening Lesson 2

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Todd: So, Meg, are you busy? Do you have a busy week?

Meg: Yes. I usually have a busy week.

Todd: Yeah, me too. So what day is your busiest day?

Meg: My busiest day is Thursday.

Todd: Why?

Meg: On Thursday, I have to work from early in the morning until around 6:00 p.m. I have to teach classes. And then after that, I need to do my shopping at the supermarket.

Todd: Okay. I do my shopping on Saturday.

Meg: Oh, really?

Todd: Yeah, always on Saturday.

Meg: What else do you do on Saturday?

Todd: On Saturday, I do all my boring activities.

Meg: Like what?

Todd: I do my shopping. I do my laundry. I run errands. I clean my apartment. I do boring stuff because on Sunday, I like to have fun.

Meg: What do you like to do on Sunday?

Todd: On Sunday, I often go hiking or I go to the park or I go to the beach. I go to the beach almost every Sunday.

Meg: Wow, that sounds really fun.

Todd: Yeah, the beach is beautiful. Nobody is there. It's really nice.

Meg: Yeah, it sounds great.

Todd: How about you? What do you do on Sunday?

Meg: On Sunday, I always go to church in the morning, and sometimes I'll have lunch with friends after church.

Todd: Oh, cool.

Meg: And then, I usually clean as well, Sunday evening before the new week starts.

Todd: Now, do you work Monday through Friday?

Meg: Yes, I work every weekday. What about you?

Todd: I work Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday. I don't work Wednesday.

Meg: Oh, what's your schedule like on Wednesdays?

Todd: On Wednesdays, I usually stay at home and I relax. Sometimes, I go shopping. Sometimes, I go to the park. Sometimes, I prepare lessons because I'm a teacher.

Meg: So, sometimes you do a little work on Wednesdays?

Todd: Yes, but I do work at my house.

Meg: Oh, right.

Todd: I never go to school on Wednesday.

Meg: Why not?

Todd: Because it's a day off. So, how about Monday? Are you busy on Monday?

Meg: I'm usually busy on Monday because my schedule is similar to Thursday, so I have to teach class until around 6:00 p.m.

Todd: Yeah, Mondays are busy for me too. Mondays are busy. Thursdays also are busy. Tuesday and Friday are not so busy.

Meg: Your schedule sounds a little similar to mine.

Todd: Yeah. Well, we're both teachers.

Meg: That's true.

Todd: What about activities? Do you do any activities during the week?

Meg: During the week, if I have free time, sometimes I will watch a TV show or a movie and I also go to Japanese language class.

Todd: Oh, nice.

Meg: Yeah, so sometimes I have homework so I have to do my Japanese language homeworks some nights. What about you?

Todd: I play futsal on Tuesday nights. Every Tuesday, I play futsal with my friends for two hours and that's fun. And then, sometimes on Friday, I meet my friends for dinner.

Meg: That sounds good.

Todd: And I also like sports so I usually watch sports on TV on Monday.

Meg: What sports do you usually watch on Monday?

Todd: I watch everything. I watch baseball. I watch basketball. I watch American football and I watch soccer. So I come home and I watch a video of a game from Saturday or Sunday. I don't watch sports on Saturday or Sunday. I watch the video later on Monday night.

Meg: Is it better that way?

Todd: Yeah. Usually, I don't check the internet, so I don't know the score.

Meg: Well, it sounds like you have a busy schedule.

Todd: You too.

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Present Simple - Third Person Singular

Point 1: The third person singular refers to a person or thing you are talking about. Because it is singular, it refers to just one person or thing.

1. Bob is my boss. He helps me a lot.

2. Suzy has a nice car, but she never drives it to work.

3. My phone does not take pictures.It does not have a camera.

4. This pizza tastes great. It has a lot of calories, though.

Point 2: In the present tense, we add an /-s/ to verbs if the subject is the third person singular.

1. Larry loves videos games. He plays them every night.

2. Sue walks to work. She listens to podcasts as she walks.

3. My phone needs a new charger. It costs 40 dollars.

Point 3: In negative statements, change do not to does not. In spoken English, we often say the contraction doesn't.

Point 4: In questions, change the auxiliary do to does in WH questions if the question is about the object.

Point 5: Add /-s/ to the verb, and do not use does if the question is about the subject. The question word will be either what or who.

Point 6: In Yes/No questions, change the auxiliary do to does in both the question and the short answer.

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ELLLO - Beginner English - A2-02 - Third Person Singular - Present Simple

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Present Simple - Third Person Singular Point 1: The third person singular refers to a person or thing you are talking about. Because it is singular, it refers to just one person or thing. Bob is my boss. He helps me a lot. Suzy has a nice car, but she never drives it to work.

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Abidemi: Todd, are you good at saving money?

Todd: No, I'm terrible. I waste money. I waste so much money.

Abidemi: How?

Todd: Well, I don't buy things on sale. I don't use coupons. I buy anything I see.

Abidemi: So, when I shop, I don't look at prices. I just see the food or the thing and I get it and I buy it and I pay for it. And, then it's sometimes very expensive, so I just waste money. I don't budget. I need to budget my money but I don't budget my money.

Todd: What about you? Are you good at saving money?

Abidemi: I don't think I'm too bad at saving money. I look at prices a lot. I also buy a lot of things on sale, so I'm able to save some money.

Todd: So, you look for discounts?

Abidemi: Yes, I do.

Todd: Do you use coupons or special offers?

Abidemi: No, I don't, but if I see some I will use them.

Todd: So, do you waste money on anything? Like, maybe eating out, buying clothes, renting movies?

Abidemi: I waste money on buying clothes.

Todd: Oh, okay!

Abidemi: But, I save a little bit because I buy them on sale.

Todd: Ah, do you buy things online?

Abidemi: No, I don't. I usually go into the stores to shop.

Todd: I'm good with clothes too, so I don't spend much money on clothes. I only shop maybe once a year. Or, I only shop if I need something, like it's really cold and I need a jacket.

Abidemi: I see.

Todd: And, I'm really bad, so I often only wear clothes people give to me.

Abidemi: That's good!

Todd: Yeah, so I get shirts or ties for Christmas gifts or a birthday gift, and I do that. My mom often asks ... every year, my mom asks, "What do you want for Christmas?", "What do you want for your birthday?"

Todd: And I'll say, "Underwear and socks" or "Socks and T-shirts". And so, she buys them for me and then I don't have to buy them.

Abidemi: Wow. Sounds like you're an easy person to give a present to.

Todd: Yes, for clothes. Yes, for clothes. But, I waste money on computers and electronics and those things are expensive, so I buy a new computer every year. I have four computers now in my house.

Abidemi: Wow.

Todd: I have five mobile phones.

Abidemi: Wow.

Todd: I have an iPad. I have lots of electronic equipment. So, I spend so much money on those things.

Abidemi: I waste money on traveling.

Todd: Ah, yeah.

Abidemi: Every year, I take about one or two trips to different countries, so that's where a lot of my money go.

Todd: Yeah, traveling is expensive.

Abidemi: Yes, yes.

Todd: But, when you travel, do you save money? Do you stay at cheap hotels? Or, do you buy cheap plane tickets?

Abidemi: I try to. I try to all the time. But, usually the plane ticket is so expensive that a lot of my savings is already gone.

Todd: Yeah, I know. I buy my tickets online, usually with Expedia. And, it's cheap. It's pretty cheap. I waste money on food. I eat out almost every day.

Abidemi: Wow.

Todd: Or, I buy my dinner at the supermarket almost every day. Do you waste money on food?

Abidemi: No, I don't. I usually get bored if I eat out too much, because even though I am not a very good cook, there are some thing that I cook that I like to eat. So, I would miss those things. So, no, I don't waste money on eating out.

Todd: Ah, that's interesting. So, you save money, I waste money. You have to teach me your tricks. You have to teach me your tips on saving money.

Abidemi: Please teach me how to get cheap travel tickets.

Abidemi: Thanks.

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A2 Beginner English listening lessons. ESL students and teachers can access free listening lessons that come with audio, script, quiz and vocabulary support.

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Todd: So, Meg, what do you like to do in your free time?

Meg: Actually, I love cooking. I like to try new dishes and I love baking as well.

Todd: Oh, nice. That's interesting. Because I hate cooking.

Meg: Oh, really?

Todd: Yeah. And I don't know anything about baking, but I like cleaning. Cleaning is relaxing.

Meg: Really? Is that true?

Todd: Yeah. Really, I like cleaning. So, my house is usually very clean.

Meg: My house is usually clean also, but I don't like cleaning very much.

Todd: Yeah, I think most people don't like cleaning. But some people think cleaning is relaxing. Like me.

Meg: That's true. What else do you like to do?

Todd: Well, I like exercising. I like going to the gym. I like listening to podcasts. So, I listen to a lot of podcasts a lot. I like surfing the internet. And sometimes, I enjoy reading books.

Meg: I also enjoy reading books when I have time.

Todd: But these days, I often listen to books instead. I listen to audio books.

Meg: Oh really?

Todd: Yeah, I like listening to audio books.

Meg: Why?

Todd: Because I can exercise at the same time.

Meg: So, exercising and reading at the same time.

Todd: Yeah, it's fun. So, I love jogging and I go jogging almost every day, usually for one hour. I listen to audio books when I jog.

Meg: So, you can do two things at once.

Todd: Very important. Multitasking. I love multitasking.

Meg: Sounds like you're good at multitasking.

Todd: Let's talk about outdoor activities. Do you like doing yard work?

Meg: I don't especially like doing yard work. But right now, I don't have a yard. So, doing yard work isn't something I have to worry about. What about you?

Todd: I like doing yard work. I think it's very relaxing. It's like cleaning. So, I enjoy it. But like you, I don't have a yard. So, now I don't do yard work very much. Or I can't do yard work.

Meg: So, you like gardening if you have a yard?

Todd: Yeah. I grew up on a big house. So, we have lots of yard work, lots of gardening. So, yeah.

Meg: Right.

Todd: But what about other things like hiking, do you like hiking?

Meg: I love hiking. Anything that is in nature, I love doing. I love hiking. I love kayaking. I love canoing. Any outdoor sports. Do you like hiking?

Todd: I do. I'm with you. I love hiking. What about things like rock climbing?

Meg: I have never been rock climbing. Have you gone rock climbing?

Todd: No. Rock climbing looks dangerous. So, I'm still scared.

Meg: Yeah,

Todd: So, I've never done rock climbing either. What about things like singing and dancing? Do you enjoy singing and dancing?

Meg: I enjoy singing, but I'm not very good at it. So, I like singing when I'm alone or in my car. Are you good at singing?

Todd: No, I'm terrible at singing. So, I hate singing. I really, really hate singing. But I like going to karaoke and listening to people sing.

Meg: Yeah, some people are really good at singing. What about dancing?

Todd: I hate dancing too. Yeah, I'm not good at dancing. So, dancing is very embarrassing for me. I don't like it.

Meg: I'm not good at dancing either.

Todd: Are there any other activities you really dislike doing? Like for me, I hate writing letters. For example, I don't like writing thank you letters. I don't like writing anything with my hand. Typing is okay. I don't mind typing things, but I hate writing.

Meg: So, using your hand to write, you hate writing?

Todd: Yeah, I like typing. Fingers is okay. Thumb is okay on the phone. I don't mind texting, I don't mind typing. I just don't like physically writing with a pencil or a pen.

Meg: Yeah. Pen or a pencil, like writing a letter.

Todd: Right. Because my writing is really bad, and it's hard to read. So, it's embarrassing.

Meg: I'm sure it's fine.

Todd: Yeah. How about you? For example, do you like iron in your clothes?

Meg: I don't like having my clothes, but my clothes usually don't need ironing, so I don't have to worry about it too much. I don't like doing laundry. It's related to ironing clothes. So, it takes a long time. And the clothes, I have to dry the clothes. So, doing laundry is a little bit boring for me.

Todd: I don't mind doing laundry if I go to the coin laundry, but I hate hanging my laundry out. I hate hanging out my laundry. It takes forever. I don't know why, you put it out, you take it back in, it just takes so much time.

Meg: That's funny. I'm kind of the opposite. I don't mind hanging out my laundry, because I like saving money, so I don't have to use money at the coin laundry.

Todd: Plus, you are helping the environment.

Meg: That's true. I like helping the earth.

Todd: Yeah, I should change. Okay. Thanks Meg.

Meg: Yeah.

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Listen to English speakers from around the world talk about real world topics in real conversations.

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Beginner English - 10 - Where are your friends from?

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One Minute English - Students can learn English and practice listening, reading, vocabulary, speaking, and grammer in one short video lesson. These lessons take just a minute to do and are designed for ESL students.

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Beginner English - 9 - Where do you go in the morning?

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One Minute English - Students can learn English and practice listening, reading, vocabulary, speaking, and grammer in one short video lesson. These lessons take just a minute to do and are designed for ESL students.

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Wordwall - Create better lessons quicker

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Spin the wheel to see which item comes up next.. What is your favorite game to play? , If you could be any animal, what would it be and why? .

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Listen & Learn: Carl Sagan | EnglishClub

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Learn about one of the best-known faces of astronomy

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English texts for beginners to practice reading and comprehension online and for free. Practicing your comprehension of written English will both improve your vocabulary and understanding of grammar and word order. The texts below are designed to help you develop while giving you an instant evaluation of your progress.

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Easter celebration (cultural awareness) | ESL Video

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Listen to the video about Easter celebration in Poland and determine whether given statements are true or false.

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I live in a house near the mountains. I have two brothers and one sister, and I was born last. My father teaches mathematics, and my mother is a nurse at a big hospital. My brothers are very smart and work hard in school. My sister is a nervous girl, but she is very kind. My grandmother also lives with us. She came from Italy when I was two years old. She has grown old, but she is still very strong. She cooks the best food!

My family is very important to me. We do lots of things together. My brothers and I like to go on long walks in the mountains. My sister likes to cook with my grandmother. On the weekends we all play board games together. We laugh and always have a good time. I love my family very much.

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I live in a house near the mountains. I have two brothers and one sister, and I was born last. My father teaches mathematics, and my mother is a nurse at a big hospital. My brothers are very smart and work hard in school. My sister is a nervous girl, but she is very kind.

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First, I wake up. Then, I get dressed. I walk to school. I do not ride a bike. I do not ride the bus. I like to go to school. It rains. I do not like rain. I eat lunch. I eat a sandwich and an apple.

I play outside. I like to play. I read a book. I like to read books. I walk home. I do not like walking home. My mother cooks soup for dinner. The soup is hot. Then, I go to bed. I do not like to go to bed.

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First, I wake up. Then, I get dressed. I walk to school. I do not ride a bike. I do not ride the bus. I like to go to school. It rains. I do not like rain. I eat lunch. I eat a sandwich and an apple. I play outside.

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Hi! Nice to meet you! My name is John Smith. I am 19 and a student in college. I go to college in New York. My favorite courses are Geometry, French, and History. English is my hardest course. My professors are very friendly and smart. It's my second year in college now. I love it!

I live in a big house on Ivy Street. It's near the college campus. I share the house with three other students. Their names are Bill, Tony, and Paul. We help each other with homework. On the weekend, we play football together.

I have a younger brother. He just started high school. He is 14 and lives with my parents. They live on Mulberry Street in Boston. Sometimes they visit me in New York. I am happy when they visit. My Mom always brings me sweets and candy when they come. I really miss them, too!

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Hi! Nice to meet you! My name is John Smith. I am 19 and a student in college. I go to college in New York. My favorite courses are Geometry, French, and History. English is my hardest course. My professors are very friendly and smart. It's my second year in college now.

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There are seven days of the week, or uniquely named 24-hour periods designed to provide scheduling context and make time more easily measureable. Each of these days is identifiable by specific plans, moods, and tones.

Monday is viewed by many to be the "worst" day of the week, as it marks the return to work following the weekend, when most full-time employees are given two days off. Most students attend school in the morning and return home in the afternoon (usually from about eight until three or seven until two), and most workers go to work in the morning and return home in the evening (usually from nine to five or eight to four).

Tuesday is the second day of the week, and is in many ways similar to Monday. Not a whole lot of changes, schedule-wise, between Tuesday and Monday; most individuals go to school or work and return home to watch television, play video games, make plans with friends, spend time with family, read, or engage in a similar leisure-related activity.

Wednesday is the third day of the week, and serves as the "middle" of the work week; some individuals refer to Wednesday as "hump day," as once its workday is complete, employees will have passed the work-week "hump," and will be on the downturn, as only two days on the job will remain in the week.

Thursday is the fourth day of the week, and is viewed favorably by many, as it's rather close to the end of the work week.

Friday is the fifth day of the week, and marks the end of the workweek and school-week for the vast majority of employees and students. By Friday afternoon/evening, most students/workers cannot wait to leave and go home, as they won't have to report back to school/work until Monday.

Saturday is perhaps the most highly regarded day of the week. Because Sunday follows it (and there is presumably no work or school to attend, for most individuals), everyone is free to stay out (or awake) until late at night, having fun with plans or other leisure-related activities. To be sure, Saturday is generally thought of as a day to partake in hobbies that couldn't otherwise be enjoyed during the regular week.

Sunday is the final day of the week, and is used by most as a day of rest. Fewer late-night plans are made on Sundays, compared to Saturdays, as most individuals have to wake up for work or school on Monday morning.

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Description of Each Day of the Week in English

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There are seven days of the week, or uniquely named 24-hour periods designed to provide scheduling context and make time more easily measureable. Each of these days is identifiable by specific plans, moods, and tones.

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Wordwall - Create better lessons quicker

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If I study hard, I will pass my exams., We won't go out if it rains., What will happen if this quarentine gets longer?, If she is tired, she won't meet her friends., Will you be happy if you find money in the street?, He will be able to do this exercise if you help him., People will be safer if they stay at home., If my mother works from home, I will see her more often., If we dedicate our teacher will feel proud of us., English won't be difficult if I study every day.,

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If I study hard, I will pass my exams., We won't go out if it rains., What will happen if this quarentine gets longer?.

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Rodrick Rules by Kinney, Jeff (z-lib.org)

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English texts for beginners to practice reading and comprehension online and for free. Practicing your comprehension of written English will both improve your vocabulary and understanding of grammar and word order. The texts below are designed to help you develop while giving you an instant evaluation of your progress.

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100+ regular and irregular verbs in English

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Here are the differences between regular and irregular verbs in English, including the most important patterns to learn and over 100 examples!

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This is the second of four exercises to practise making all forms of the past simple.

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Wordwall - Create better lessons quicker

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Spin the wheel - Spin the wheel to see which item comes up next.

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Woodward English - Learning English - Teaching English

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Possessive Adjectives in English

A possessive adjective shows possession or a relationship.
More examples of possessive adjectives:
My, Your, His, Her, Its, Our, Your, Their ... these are Possessive Adjectives.

Possessive adjectives in English have one form. There is no plural form.

The possessive adjective MY does not change.

Another example:

Your balloon is green. (CORRECT)

Your balloons are green. (CORRECT)

Again, the possessive adjective, Your does not change. We cannot say:

We say: YOUR balloons.

Its vs. It's

Do not confuse IT'S with ITS.

It's = a contraction of it is.

We will see more about the difference between Its and It's in another lesson.

Your vs. You're

Do not confuse YOU'RE with YOUR.

You're = a contraction of you are.

We will see more about the difference between Your and You're in another lesson.

Has / Have + Possessive Adjectives - Easy English Exercises

Lesson tags: Exercises, Grammar, Possessive Adjectives

Back to: English Course > Descriptions in English

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A possessive adjective shows possession or a relationship. More examples of possessive adjectives: My, Your, His, Her, Its, Our, Your, Their ... these are Possessive Adjectives . Possessive adjectives in English have one form. There is no plural form. The possessive adjective MY does not change. Another example: Your balloon is green.

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Our brain works very hard 24 hours a day. So, what food should we eat for maximum brain health? Phil and Georgie discuss this and teach you some useful vocabulary.

This week's question

Which mammal has the biggest brain? Is it:

a) an African elephant?
b) a dolphin? or,
c) a sperm whale?

Listen to the programme to hear the answer.

Vocabulary

sugar rush
suddenly feeling excited or full of energy after eating food containing a lot of sugar

balanced diet
a diet combining the proper types and amounts of food needed to stay healthy

go low
have very little of a particular thing

sharp
intelligent and quick to notice and react to things

batch cook
cook a lot of food at one time, then save some to eat at later meals

(20 second/minutes) flat
used to mean a certain amount of time exactly, and to emphasise that something is done very quickly
TRANSCRIPT
Note: This is not a word-for-word transcript.

Phil
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Phil.

Phil
Food affects us more than we realise, and that's because what we eat alters our brain chemistry, changing our mood and emotions. Our brain is working 24 hours a day, even while we sleep, so it needs more fuel than other body parts.

Georgie
So can we eat our way to feeling happy? In this programme, we'll be discussing the relationship between food and the brain, and, as usual, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary as well.

Phil
Sounds great, Georgie, but first I have a question for you. Humans, with an average brain weighing one-and-a-half kilos, are one of the cleverest animals, but which mammal has the biggest brain? Is it:

a) an African elephant
b) a dolphin? or,
c) a sperm whale?

Georgie
Hmm, I think it's an African elephant.

Phil
OK, Georgie, I'll reveal the answer later in the programme. Now, did you know that despite making up only 2 percent of our total weight, our brain uses 20 percent of the body's energy? Nutritionist, Dr Reeta Achari, does. She thinks we should be specifically eating for our brains, as she explained to BBC World Service Programme, The Food Chain:

Dr Reeta Achari
Eating every day, right? And eating a balanced diet so you get the full complement of vitamins and minerals is critical. If you go low in something and one day if you just, you know, don't eat any protein for a day or - for me in my situation, if I don't eat any vegetables - I know the next day I'm not as sharp.

Georgie
Number one on Dr Achari's list of brain foods is a regular and balanced diet, a diet containing the proper types and amounts of food needed to stay healthy. Remember the 'Rainbow Rule' - eat foods of many different colours with lots of leafy greens.

Phil
A balanced diet also includes different types of nutrients - vitamins, fibre, protein and so on. But including these isn't always possible. You might go low on, meaning have very little of, one food type. Dr Achari says when this happens to her, she's not as sharp - as intelligent and quick to notice things, as usual.

Georgie
Dr Achari names lots of different foods which help boost our brains, from wild caught Alaskan salmon and avocado, to berries and walnuts.

Phil
But hang on, Georgie! Wild-caught Alaskan salmon?! Very nice, and very... expensive! It sounds like these superfoods are just for the super-rich!

Georgie
Well, not according to blogger Michelle Munt. Here she is telling BBC World Service's, The Food Chain, how eating well needn't cost a fortune:

Michelle Munt
It's not expensive and everyone's got a freezer these days so, yes, you can batch cook things, freeze them, and then use them in like a week's time or something... so I think the problem is again it's about our lifestyles, it's about the fact that we feel like we've got limited time, and therefore people are trying to cut the time down in the kitchen by cooking things that are pre-made or even worse we're just chucking it in the microwave but actually you can do fresh food in 20 minutes flat ...

Phil
Michelle's idea for brain food on a budget involves batch cooking. Batch cooking means cooking a lot of food at one time, then saving some to eat later, usually by freezing it.

Georgie
Although microwave ready meals are convenient, they lack many nutrients needed by the brain. Luckily, adding some fresh vegetables to batch cooked food means anyone can make a brain-healthy meal quickly, or in 20 minutes flat as Michelle says, using the word flat to mean 'exactly' and to emphasise that it can be done quickly.

Phil
OK, so we need balanced diets, and batch cooking for big brains! Now let's test your brain, Georgie, with my question.

Georgie
Right. You asked which mammal has the biggest brain, and I guessed it was an African elephant...

Phil
Which was... the wrong answer, I'm afraid! In fact, the biggest brain belongs to the sperm whale, weighing about 8 kilos. And the sperm whale's main food? Fish!

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BBC Learning English - 6 Minute English / Feed your brain

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Food is fuel for our brains. So, what should we be eating?

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English grammar exercise about the second conditional

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Will, may, and might to express likelihood - Startup 3, Unit 5, Lesson 2 - Will / may / might - May & Might - May / Might - MAY or MIGHT???

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May and might: What's the difference?

May and might are similar modal verbs that can often be used interchangeably, although with subtle differences in meaning. However, on some other occasions, only one of them can be used. In this lesson, we'll help you understand their differences so that you can use them correctly.

We can use both may and might

To indicate possibility in the future

We can use may or might + infinitive to indicate possibility in the future: to say that maybe something will happen or someone will do something.

We use may not or might not + infinitive when we want to express negative possibility in the future: to say that maybe something will not happen or someone will not do something.

To speculate about the present

We can also use may or might + infinitive to speculate about the present: to say that maybe something is true.

We use may not or might not + infinitive to say that maybe something is not true in the present.

In everyday conversation, the difference between may and might when we express future possibility and when we speculate is very small, and many people use them interchangeably. However, using may instead of might suggests a stronger possibility that something will happen.

To give, deny, or ask for permission

We use may and may not to give and not give someone permission to do something. Might is not used in this context.

You might sit anywhere you like.

We can also use may in questions to ask for permission.

While using might in this context is grammatically possible, it is not standard and sounds very unusual. Might is rarely or never used to ask for permission in modern English.

Common mistake!

Note that after may or might, we use an infinitive without to.

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May and might: What's the difference? - Test-English

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Master 'may' vs 'might' in English grammar with clear explanations, examples, and interactive exercises for A2 level learners.

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Used To Exercise 1 - a free interactive online exercise

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Used to, be used to, get used to - Test-English

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Gap-filling exercises, multiple choice exercises and clozes to review the use of ‘used to’, ‘be used to’, and ‘get used to’.

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ESL Brains - I watched a film yesterday (Past Simple regular verbs)