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1983 - Reagan proposes SDI or “Star Wars”

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1983 - Reagan proposes SDI or “Star Wars”

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In 1983, President Ronald Reagan initiated the Strategic Defense Initiative, an anti-ballistic missile program that was designed to shoot down nuclear missiles in space. Specifically built to protect the US from Soviet missiles.

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June-Aug 1980 - US Boycotts Summer Olympics in Moscow

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June-Aug 1980 - US Boycotts Summer Olympics in Moscow

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In 1980, the United States led a boycott of the Summer Olympic Games in Moscow to protest the late 1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Jimmy Carter announced that the U.S. will boycott the Olympic Games.

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Feb 22, 1980 - US Hockey defeats USSR at Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, NY.

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Feb 22, 1980 - US Hockey defeats USSR at Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, NY.

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On February 22, 1980, the United States beat the Soviet Union 4-3 in a hockey game at the Lake Placid Olympics. It was one of the biggest upsets in sports history. The Americans had lost previously to the Soviet Union 10-3 in their last game before the Olympics.

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Dec. 1979 - Soviet forces invade Afghanistan

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Dec. 1979 - Soviet forces invade Afghanistan

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In December 1979, the Soviet Union sent thousands of troops into Afghanistan and immediately assumed complete military and political control of Kabul and large portions of the country. The Soviets hoped to prop up the country's communist government.

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Nov. 1979 - Shah of Iran overthrown; Iran Hostage Crisis begins

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Nov. 1979 - Shah of Iran overthrown; Iran Hostage Crisis begins

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When the Shah came to America for cancer treatment in October, Ayatollah incited Iranian militants to attack the U.S. On November 4, the American Embassy in Tehran was overrun and its employees were taken captive. This is the Iran Hostage Situation.

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In early 1979, China launched an offensive in response to Vietnam's actions against the Khmer Rouge in 1978. There was also land in Vietnam that China claimed as its own which sparked tension. This war greatly increased cooperation with the US.

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Jan 1979 - US and China officially establish diplomatic relations and trade

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Jan 1979 - US and China officially establish diplomatic relations and trade

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In January 1979, The US recognized the People's Republic as the formal government of China and resumed diplomatic relations with china after almost 30 years. The US did this to check the power of the Soviet Union.

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Feb 1976 - Soviet and Communist forces help to install Communist government in Angola

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Feb 1976 - Soviet and Communist forces help to install Communist government in Angola

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In February 1976, the Soviet Union helped train forces in Angola to overthrow the US-Supported troops from the capital of Angola and the remaining troops failed to stem the violence. Angola had now fallen to Communism.

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April 17, 1975 - South Vietnam falls to Communist North Vietnam

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April 17, 1975 - South Vietnam falls to Communist North Vietnam

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In April, 1975 , due to congress's drastically reduced aid and communists increased aid, South Vietnam fell to North Vietnam. Days before the fall, America evacuated S. Vietnam and American troops. This was the end of the Vietnam War.

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Oct 1973 - Egypt and Syria attack Israel: Egypt requests Soviet aid

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Oct 1973 - Egypt and Syria attack Israel: Egypt requests Soviet aid

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In October 1973, Egypt and Syria planned an attack against Israel on the holiest day of the Jewish calendar. This occurred due to Israel hoping to win back territory lost to Israel during the third Arab-Israeli war, in 1967.

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Sep 1973 - US supported coup overthrows Chilean government 

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Sep 1973 - US supported coup overthrows Chilean government 

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In September 1973, a US-supported military coup overthrew the government in Chile. The US government believed that Allende would become closer to socialist countries, such as Cuba and the Soviet Union and they feared that Allende would push Chile into socialism, and therefore lose all of the US investments made in Chile.

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After President Nixon visited China, the leader of the Soviet Union, Brezhnev invited him to the Soviet Union. Here they would sign a Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty, which would limit certain types of nuclear arms productions.

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1971 - Publication of the Pentagon papers

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1971 - Publication of the Pentagon papers

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The Pentagon Papers were a series of information released by The New York Times. The Pentagon Papers revealed that the United States had expanded its war with the bombing of Cambodia and Laos, coastal raids on North Vietnam, and Marine Corps attacks, none of which had been reported by the American media.

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July 20, 1969 - Apollo 11 lands on the moon

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July 20, 1969 - Apollo 11 lands on the moon

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On July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, and Michael Collins landed on the moon. This made Americans the first people to step on the moon and still the only successful landing of humans onto the moon.

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July 1965 - US announcement to dispatch 200,000 US troops to Vietnam

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July 1965 - US announcement to dispatch 200,000 US troops to Vietnam

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As the US realized that South Vietnam was losing the war, they sent 200,000 troops in order to prevent communism from winning. They would try to use this to gain the influence of not only Vietnam, but also other Asian countries so communism wouldn't spread any further.

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April 1965 - US Marines sent to Dominican Republic to fight communism

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April 1965 - US Marines sent to Dominican Republic to fight communism

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During the Dominican Republics civil war, the US were scared of another communist uprising. In order to forestall this, the US sent troops into the Dominican Republic.

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Jan 1959 - Fidel Castro takes power in Cuba

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Jan 1959 - Fidel Castro takes power in Cuba

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In 1959, Fidel Castro overthrew the Cuban government and became their new leader. He led his troops in guerrilla warfare against Batista's troops and overthrew him. Castro had heavy communist ideas and was a huge win for the Soviet Union as they were now very close to USA.

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On October 4, 1957, the USSR launched Sputnik, the first artificial satellite to orbit Earth. This was launched because scientist believed it would be the best time to study the Earth and solar system.

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Aug, 1991 - USSR dissolved, 15 republics gain independence, including Russia 

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Aug, 1991 - USSR dissolved, 15 republics gain independence, including Russia 

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After the end of the USSR, 15 countries gain their independence and so does Russia. Each of these countries isn't Communist anymore and all have separate governments. The USSR began to fall when a nuclear power plant blew up and Gorbachev went against his own "glasnost" plan and hid the fallout from his citizens.

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Around one year after the Berlin Wall fell, Germany was reunited as one country. This was widely celebrated as it finally ended Russia and Communism in Germany.

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May 1990 - Boris Yeltsin elected as President of Russia

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May 1990 - Boris Yeltsin elected as President of Russia

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In the 1990 Russian Presidential Election, Boris Yeltsin was elected. He democratized, marketized, and privatized Russia, as well as peacefully dissolved the Soviet empire. He was not Gorbachev's ideal president, but it turned out that he revived Russia and was able to get things turned around greatly.

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Due to East Germany not allowing anyone to cross the Berlin Wall or leave East Germany, many were very angry. In November of 1989, the gate was opened and thousands of citizens began tearing the wall down and destroying it. This now re-opened Germany and citizens were free to leave East Germany.

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In spring of 1989, protest broke out at Tiananmen Square led by college students and citizens who wanted more political freedom. After the death of the leading politician, Hu Yaobang, these protesters believed he was murdered due to his political ideology. At first, the government did nothing to respond, but on June 3rd and 4th, the troops began to move towards Tiananmen Square, opening fire, crushing and arresting protesters to regain control of the area.

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1989 - Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, and Romania oust communist governments

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1989 - Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, and Romania oust communist governments

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During the fall of the Soviet Union, many countries wanted out of Communism and wanted new government. Many countries began having uprisings and revolts and had no other choice then to oust Communism. Countries such as Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, and Romania

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Jan 1989 - Soviet troops withdraw from Afghanistan 

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Jan 1989 - Soviet troops withdraw from Afghanistan 

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The final and complete withdrawal of the Soviet Union from Afghanistan happened in January 1989. They withdrew due to economic shortcomings and in desperate need of economic reform.

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1985 - Gorbachev begins "glasnost" and "perestroika" in efforts to reform USSR

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1985 - Gorbachev begins "glasnost" and "perestroika" in efforts to reform USSR

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Gorbachev saw that the USSR was declining and began to start reforms for not only the economy but also culturally. He started "glasnost" which is his trying to provide more freedom, jobs, etc. He also started "perestroika" which is an economic reform. He pulled out of Afghanistan and started focusing on bringing more money into the USSR.

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July-Aug 1984 - Eastern Bloc boycotts LA Summer Olympics

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July-Aug 1984 - Eastern Bloc boycotts LA Summer Olympics

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The boycott of the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles followed four years after the American-led boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. Claiming that its athletes will not be safe from protests and possible physical attacks, the Soviet Union announces that it will not compete in the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles.

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Oct 1983 - US troops invade and overthrow regime in Grenada

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Oct 1983 - US troops invade and overthrow regime in Grenada

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To stop the spread of communism and to prevent a Cuban military base from forming, the US sent their troops to Grenanda. A communist overthrow of the government had happened and thousands of weapons and ammunition was found and buildings destroyed.

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In 1958, Russia launched the first ICBM. A ICBM is capable of launching missiles over 5,500 km. This was a step forward for the Russians in the Cold War as they had beaten the US to new and improved weapons.

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Nov 1956 - Rebellion put down in Hungary 

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Nov 1956 - Rebellion put down in Hungary 

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In 1956, the Soviet Union ordered its troops to crush a nascent rebellion in the Soviet satellite state of Hungary. The Soviets put this down due to new ideas of freedom of debate and criticism. They couldn't have these ideas spreading around out of fear it would damage the Communist idealogy.

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In response to the US creating NATO, Russia created the Warsaw Pact, an alliance of all communist countries. Unlike NATO though, Russia forced the other members to form. It disbanded after the collapse of the Soviet Union.

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March 1954 - CIA help overthrow unfriendly governments in Iran and Guatemala

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March 1954 - CIA help overthrow unfriendly governments in Iran and Guatemala

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Operation Ajax and Operation PBSuccess were both operations set up by the CIA to overthrow harsh governments in foreign countries. In Guatemala the operation was  overthrow Jacobo Árbenz and in Iran was to overthrow Mossadeq.

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The KGB was created to serve as a "sword and shield" for the Communist party. The KGB was designed to be controlled by Communist party officials and would silence anyone who spoke out against the communist party.

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In hopes to get back on good terms with China and break tension, President Nixon contacted China and began works to bring them closer together. After much discussion, Nixon went to China and met with China's leader. This was called the week the world changed.

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August 1968 - Red Army crush Czechoslovakian revolt

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August 1968 - Red Army crush Czechoslovakian revolt

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In Czechoslovakia, new leader Bubcek began spreading socialist and democratic ideas. This outraged the USSR in fear that their communist ideas would be weakened and communicated with Dubeck, but he refused to give in. USSR then raided Czechoslovakia with their Red Army and tanks and stopped this uprising.

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1966 - B-52s Bomb N. Vietnam in Operation Rolling Thunder

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1966 - B-52s Bomb N. Vietnam in Operation Rolling Thunder

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In hope to get N. Vietnam to stop attacking the South, the US start Operation Rolling Thunder. The US dropped thousands of bombs on N. Vietnam's homeland. This bombing did not stop for three years.

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July, 1963 - Nuclear Test Ban Treaty ratified

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July, 1963 - Nuclear Test Ban Treaty ratified

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Kennedy signed the ratified treaty on October 7, 1963. The treaty prohibited nuclear weapons tests or other nuclear explosions underwater, in the atmosphere, or in outer space. It also allowed underground nuclear tests as long as no radioactive debris falls outside the boundaries of the nation conducting the test.

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August 1964 - Gulf of Tonkin incident and resolution 

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August 1964 - Gulf of Tonkin incident and resolution 

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To stop the spread of communism, the US had been sending ambassadors and weapons to South Vietnam. In August , 1964, a supposed 3 Vietnam boats attacked a US boat. After this incident, the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution was a law put into place and allowed the president to send military troops into battle. President Johnson then send his military into Vietnam and joins the Vietnam War.

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After the Bay of Pigs, Cuba asked for help and protection from the USSR. The USSR agreed and sent nuclear missiles into Cuba secretly, which was not only an act of defense, but also because the US had put nuclear missiles in Turkey and Italy. The US blocked shipments but this was considered as an act of war which increased tension more. This issue lasted for 13 days and was the only time the US have ever declared DEF-CON 2. It ended when the USSR and US agreed to take their missiles out of Italy, Turkey, and Cuba and that Cuba wouldn't be invaded.

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Aug 17, 1961 - Construction of Berlin Wall

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Aug 17, 1961 - Construction of Berlin Wall

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To halt West Germany, the Soviet Union constructed the Berlin Wall. They wanted to keep the population of the West as low as possible during the Cold War due to their non-communist beliefs. On the night of August 12, 1963, German soldiers laid 30 miles of brick and barbed wire to separate East and West Germany.

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April 1961 - Failed Bay of Pigs Invasion

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April 1961 - Failed Bay of Pigs Invasion

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After Fidel Castro had taken over the Cuban Government, the US Government plans to overthrow Fidel Castro by training and providing weapons. They don't make it off the beach and most soldiers are captured. News then comes out showing that the invasion was set up by the US Government and causes tension and turns Cuba to the Soviet Union for protection.

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May 1960 - U2 spy plane shot down over the USSR

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May 1960 - U2 spy plane shot down over the USSR

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An American spy plane, the U2, was shot down over the USSR. It was believed that these planes were so high that they weren't able to be shot down. The pilot, Francis Powers, survived and was put on trial in USSR until the USA traded a spy they caught for him. It was first believed to be a weather plane at first.

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March 1, 1945 - H-Bomb Tested by USA on Bikini Atoll

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March 1, 1945 - H-Bomb Tested by USA on Bikini Atoll

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With the Manhattan Project, the USA were able to become the first country to create and test a nuclear bomb. This project was created due to the US losing its weaponry supremacy after Russia was able to successfully able to create an Atomic Bomb. The US now regained their supremacy after successfully creating a nuclear bomb.

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Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, Kazakhstan

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Aug 20, 1949 - Russia tests its first atomic bomb

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Aug 20, 1949 - Russia tests its first atomic bomb

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Not shortly after the US had created its own atomic bomb, Russia would also follow in these paths and test its first bomb. Called the RDS-1, the atomic bomb was Russia's first successful atomic bomb.

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The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was created in 1949 by the United States, Canada, and several Western European nations to provide collective security against the Soviet Union. Out of fear of Communism spreading, NATO was formed in order to contain communism to the USSR and not spread any further west.

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June 1948 - Berlin Blockade and Airlift Begins

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June 1948 - Berlin Blockade and Airlift Begins

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During occupation in Post-WW2 Germany, the USSR blockaded Western Allies railway, roads, and canal access. Due to this, Germany was split into to halves, the Western (Capitalism) and Eastern (Communism). The UK and US provided food and goods and continued to provide to the western side of Germany. On May 12, 1949, the blockades were lifted and access to Western Germany was reopened.

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North Korea (Communist) and South Korea (Capitalism) went to war in 1950, the north with the help of Russia and the south with the help of NATO. Truman, with the fear that the USSR would begin their world domination in Korea, felt he had to send troops into Korea. In 1953, Dwight D. Eisenhower was able to reach peace, after the death of Joseph Stalin, and the country remains divided at the 38th parallel and are technically still at war.

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Feb 1950 - McCarthyism and the Red Scare takes hold in the US

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Feb 1950 - McCarthyism and the Red Scare takes hold in the US

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The Red Scare and McCarthyism happened due to the public scare of Communism in America and over exaggerating the danger that Communism actually had in the US. Due to this, thousands of careers and lives were ruined due to unjust opinions and speculations of certain political views. The US Government, out of feat they would also be a target of McCarthyism and the Red Scare, did basically nothing about this absurd political witch hunt that happened in the US.

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Oct 1, 1949 - Mao Zedong wins the Chinese Civil War and created the People's Republic of China

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Oct 1, 1949 - Mao Zedong wins the Chinese Civil War and created the People's Republic of China

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The Communist side in the Chinese Civil War prospers and creates the People's Republic of China. Now, China is fully Communist and the United States fear that they have lost their containment policy and Communism will begin to spread more rapidly.

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June 1947 - Marshall Plan is announced to rebuild Europe

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June 1947 - Marshall Plan is announced to rebuild Europe

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The Marshall Plan was an U.S.A plan to rebuild western Europe's economy and cities. Out of fear that Communism would spread in the drought riddled Europe, the U.S.A provided $13 billion to Europe in order to rebuild the economy. Only downside to the Europeans is that with this money, they would need to buy U.S.A goods rather than European goods.

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March 5, 1946 - Winston Churchill's Iron Curtain Speech in Fulton, MO

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March 5, 1946 - Winston Churchill's Iron Curtain Speech in Fulton, MO

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March 12, 1946 - Truman Doctrine first applied in Greek Civil War

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March 12, 1946 - Truman Doctrine first applied in Greek Civil War

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Truman gives a speech stating that he fears that Communism will spread and introduces the Truman Doctrine. This Doctrine was put in place to provide aid to countries that are not communist yet in order to prevent the spread of Communism. The U.S.A provided 400 million dollars to Greece and Turkey in order to have them join an alliance against Communism.

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In August of 1945, two atomic bombs were dropped, one on Hiroshima and one on Nagasaki. These bombs ended WW2 in the pacific and killed 100,000+. This was a tactical strategy implemented by the US in order to save more lives and stop war quicker.

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Feb 1945 - Yalta Conference drafts Post-War plan

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Feb 1945 - Yalta Conference drafts Post-War plan

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The Yalta Conference was a meeting held after WW2, with Winston Churchill, Joseph Stalin, and Franklin Roosevelt. This meeting was held to decide how to deal with Post-War Europe and Germany. It was decided there that Russia and Joseph Stalin would be granted a sphere of influence in Manchuria, in return for helping the United States fight Japan.