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skin scraped against a rough surface; top layer of skin wears away and blood capillaries are exposed

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Initial Care:
- clean with soap and water or sterile solution
- cover with sterile dressing to reduce risk of infection
- antibacterial ointments useful for limiting bacterial growth

Post Care:
- continue cleaning with sterile saline and cover with bandage and antibacterial ointment or petroleum jelly to avoid sticking

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blunt force delivered over a sharp bone or bone that is poorly padded; appearance of a jagged cavity (may result in skin avulsion)

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Initial Care:
- must be referred to physician immediately
- clean wound thoroughly with soap and water or sterile solution
- cover with sterile dressing and antibiotic ointment to avoid sticking
- may require stitches, butterfly bandages, or skin glue

Post Care:
- keep clean and dry after stitches
- gently wash around the wound, avoid getting stitches wet
- keep site clean

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Initial Care:
- clean with soap and water or sterile solution
- cover with sterile dressing
- use antibacterial ointment to reduce infection and avoid sticking
- may require stitches

Post Care:
- gently wash with soap and water or sterile saline
- do not scrub or soak
- gently pat dry and redress the incision with sterile dressing

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can be fatal; direct penetration into tissue, can introduce tetanus bacillus into the bloodstream, possibility of lockjaw

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Initial Care:
- immediate referral to a physician
- clean with soap and water or sterile solution
- dress with sterile dressing

Post Care:
- may need tetanus shot if not updated on vaccine
- not normally requiring sutures
- continue to clean
- watch for signs of tetanus or infection
- antibacterial ointment
- wash gently and keep covered

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skin torn off the body; associated with major bleeding

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Initial Care:
- put torn (unattached) skin on moist gauze, preferably with saline solution
- clean with soap and water or sterile solution
- cover with sterile dressing
- antibacterial ointment to limit infection and avoid sticking
- go to hospital for reattachement

Post Care:
- keep clean
- use antibiotic ointment
- reapply dressing as instructed

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- treat every wound like it is contaminated with bacteria
- develop and carry out bloodborne pathogen exposure control plan
- all open wounds and lesions must be covered to avoid transmission or contact
- athlete removed from participation if bleeding occurs
- PPE needed if available; nonlatex gloves, gowns or aprons, masks and shields, eyeglasses, nonabsorbent gown, disposable mouthpiece for resuscitation

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1. (both hands gloved) grasp outside of glove where your wrist meets your hand - do not touch your bare skin

2. peel off the first glove, careful not to touch your skin, turning the glove inside out

3. hold the now-removed glove in the still-gloved hand

4. with un-gloved hand, make an L-shape and insert your pointer finger into the glove, careful not to touch the outside of the glove

5. hook finger and pull off glove, turning the second glove inside out (making a sort-of pouch for the first removed glove)

6. hold the now-inside-out glove and dispose of it properly

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- pain, heat, redness, swelling
- pus may form due to white blood cells
- fever may occur due to immune response
- most treated with antibiotics