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Trichomoniasis is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by Trichomonas vaginalis (a protozoan parasite). It is also sometimes called "trich".

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You contract trichomoniasis by having sexual intercourse with an infected individual. During sex, the parasite usually spreads from a penis to a vagina, or from a vagina to a penis. It can also spread from vagina to vagina.

WOMEN: infection found in the lower genital tract (vuvla, vagina, cervix, or urethra)

MEN: infection found inside of the penis (urethra)

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Two Trichomonas vaginalis parasites, magnified (seen under a microscope)

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About 70% of people with the infection do not have any signs or symptoms!!

WOMEN:
- Itching, burning, redness, or pain of the genitals
- Dysuria (discomfort when urinating)
- Vaginal Discharge (clear, white, yellowish, or greenish) (frothy appearance) (fishy odor)

MEN:
- Itching or pain inside the penis
- Burning after urinating or ejaculating
- Discharge from penis (clear, white, yellowish, or greenish) (frothy appearance) (fishy odor)

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Women usually go into labor early if they have trichomoniasis and their babies usually have a low birth weight (less than 5.5).

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Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) is the gold standard and looks for genetic material (DNA/ RNA) of the parasite obtained through a urine sample or a swab of the vagina and cervix.

Vaginal pH greater than 4.5.

Vaginal swab (wet prep) to look for motile, flagellated trichomonads and increased WBCs.

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24 or younger and sexually active should be tested yearly

If older than 24 and you have a new partner, traded sex for money or drugs, did not use a condom, and have had sex with multiple people.

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Metronidazole 2 grams in a single dose (NO ALCHOL FOR 48 HOURS AFTER THE LAST DOSE OF MEDICATION)

Pregnancy: Clotrimazole 1% vaginal cream daily for 7 days in the first trimester; Metronidazole 2 grams by mouth once in 2nd and 3rd trimester.

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Abstain from sexual activity until treatment is complete

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MEN: Increased risk of infertility and prostate cancer

WOMEN: vaginitis, urethritis, and cervicitis; infertility, preterm delivery, low- birth weight infants, susceptibility to herpes simplex virus and human papillomavirus infection, and cervical cancer.