# data[].attributes.headline
______ is a membrane bilayer that some viruses have outside of their capsid.

# data[].attributes.subject
______ is a membrane bilayer that some viruses have outside of their capsid.

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Chitin
| (b) | Envelope
| (c) | Mitochondrion
| (d) | Plasma membrane

# data[].attributes.headline
Figure below shows the microscopic image of the India ink preparation. Determine the organism which is diagnosed with the technique above.

# data[].attributes.subject
Figure below shows the microscopic image of the India ink preparation. Determine the organism which is diagnosed with the technique above.

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Candida albicans
| (b) | Aspergillus flavus
| (c) | Histoplasma capsulatum
| (d) | Cryptococcus neoformans

# data[].attributes.headline
Which of the following statements is TRUE about fungi?

# data[].attributes.subject
Which of the following statements is TRUE about fungi?

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Prokaryotic organisms.
| (b) | Photosynthesis organisms.
| (c) | Cell wall consists of peptidoglycan.
| (d) | Body structure consists of mycelium and hyphae.

# data[].attributes.headline
Figure below shows the appearance of pink colonies on MacConkey agar. Identify the inoculated organisms.

# data[].attributes.subject
Figure below shows the appearance of pink colonies on MacConkey agar. Identify the inoculated organisms.

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Yersinia pestis
| (b) | Escherichia coli
| (c) | Proteus vulgaris
| (d) | Salmonella typhi

# data[].attributes.headline
Satellitism test is designed to facilitate the isolation and identification of ______ species.

# data[].attributes.subject
Satellitism test is designed to facilitate the isolation and identification of ______ species.

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Vibrio
| (b) | Bordetella
| (c) | Helicobacter
| (d) | Haemophilus

# data[].attributes.headline
Choose the Neisseria species that is associated with sexually transmitted disease. 

# data[].attributes.subject
Choose the Neisseria species that is associated with sexually transmitted disease. 

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | N. sicca
| (b) | N. mucosa
| (c) | N. gonorrhoea
| (d) | N. meningitidis

# data[].attributes.headline
Elek’s test is used to determine the toxigenicity of ______’s strains.

# data[].attributes.subject
Elek’s test is used to determine the toxigenicity of ______’s strains.

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Bacillus
| (b) | Streptococcus
| (c) | Escherichia coli
| (d) | Corynebacterium

# data[].attributes.headline
Figure below shows the clinical manifestation of deformed hands. Determine the causative agent for the disease.

# data[].attributes.subject
Figure below shows the clinical manifestation of deformed hands. Determine the causative agent for the disease.

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Bacillus cereus
| (b) | Bacillus anthracis
| (c) | Mycobacterium leprae
| (d) | Corynebacterium diphtheriae

# data[].attributes.headline
Select the Streptococcus species that are classified in Group A based on Lancefield classification.

# data[].attributes.subject
Select the Streptococcus species that are classified in Group A based on Lancefield classification.

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | S. equi
| (b) | S. pyogenes
| (c) | S. agalactiae
| (d) | S. pneumoniae

# data[].attributes.headline
Which of the following biochemical tests shows positive result for Staphylococcus aureus?

# data[].attributes.subject
Which of the following biochemical tests shows positive result for Staphylococcus aureus?

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Indole test
| (b) | Oxidase test
| (c) | Catalase test
| (d) | Hydrogen sulphide

# data[].attributes.headline
Figure below shows a petri-dish inoculated with organisms. Name the technique which is used to obtain pure culture.

# data[].attributes.subject
Figure below shows a petri-dish inoculated with organisms. Name the technique which is used to obtain pure culture.

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Pour plate
| (b) | Lawn plate
| (c) | Streak plate
| (d) | Spread plate

# data[].attributes.headline
Identify the types of aseptic technique as shown in Figure 3.

# data[].attributes.subject
Identify the types of aseptic technique as shown in Figure 3.

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Red-hot
| (b) | Flaming
| (c) | Irradiation
| (d) | Incineration

# data[].attributes.headline
The following approaches are used to make the selective media, EXCEPT:

# data[].attributes.subject
The following approaches are used to make the selective media, EXCEPT:

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Alteration of pH.
| (b) | Addition of water.
| (c) | Addition of chemicals.
| (d) | Addition of antibiotics.

# data[].attributes.headline
The following are enriched media, EXCEPT:

# data[].attributes.subject
The following are enriched media, EXCEPT:

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Blood agar
| (b) | Chocolate agar
| (c) | MacConkey agar
| (d) | Loeffler’s serum slope

# data[].attributes.headline
Which of the following elements is NOT the macronutrients for bacteria?

# data[].attributes.subject
Which of the following elements is NOT the macronutrients for bacteria?

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Iron
| (b) | Carbon
| (c) | Oxygen
| (d) | Hydrogen

# data[].attributes.headline
Figure below shows the bacterial growth curve. Identify the area labelled as X.

# data[].attributes.subject
Figure below shows the bacterial growth curve. Identify the area labelled as X.

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Log phase
| (b) | Lag phase
| (c) | Decline phase
| (d) | Stationary phase

# data[].attributes.headline
Which of the following statements is TRUE about commensal?

# data[].attributes.subject
Which of the following statements is TRUE about commensal?

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Grow inside the cell or tissue.
| (b) | Secrete poisonous substances.
| (c) | Produce vitamins in human body.
| (d) | Enhance colonization of pathogenic bacteria in human body.

# data[].attributes.headline
Which of the following individuals is LEAST likely to be affected by opportunistic pathogens?

# data[].attributes.subject
Which of the following individuals is LEAST likely to be affected by opportunistic pathogens?

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Advanced age people.
| (b) | Man practicing healthy diet.
| (c) | Patients diagnosed with HIV.
| (d) | Patients who undergo radiotherapy.

# data[].attributes.headline
Which of the following kingdoms is consist of the prokaryotes?

# data[].attributes.subject
Which of the following kingdoms is consist of the prokaryotes?

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Fungi
| (b) | Plantae
| (c) | Monera
| (d) | Animalia

# data[].attributes.headline
Who is the person disproved the theory of “Spontaneous Generation” by the experiment as shown in figure below?

# data[].attributes.subject
Who is the person disproved the theory of “Spontaneous Generation” by the experiment as shown in figure below?

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Robert Koch
| (b) | Louis Pasteur
| (c) | John Needham
| (d) | Francesco Redi

# data[].attributes.headline
Choose the CORRECT statement about virus.

# data[].attributes.subject
Choose the CORRECT statement about virus.

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Resistant to antibiotic.
| (b) | Carries both DNA and RNA.
| (c) | Reproduce outside living cells only.
| (d) | Genetic material is enclosed by envelope.

# data[].attributes.headline
Figure below shows a fungal skin infection that usually begins between the toes. This fungal infection is caused by ______.

# data[].attributes.subject
Figure below shows a fungal skin infection that usually begins between the toes. This fungal infection is caused by ______.

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Tinea pedis
| (b) | Tinea capitis
| (c) | Tinea corporis
| (d) | Tinea unguium

# data[].attributes.headline
Which of the following organisms associated with gastritis and duodenal ulcer?

# data[].attributes.subject
Which of the following organisms associated with gastritis and duodenal ulcer?

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Helicobacter pylori
| (b) | Bordetella pertussis
| (c) | Gardnerella vaginalis
| (d) | Haemophilus influenzae

# data[].attributes.headline
______ is a gram-negative diplococci bacterium that cause sexually transmitted infection.

# data[].attributes.subject
______ is a gram-negative diplococci bacterium that cause sexually transmitted infection.

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Treponema pallidum
| (b) | Neisseria gonorrhoeae
| (c) | Chlamydia trachomatis
| (d) | Streptococcus pneumoniae

# data[].attributes.headline
Mantoux tuberculin skin test is used for diagnosis of ______ species.

# data[].attributes.subject
Mantoux tuberculin skin test is used for diagnosis of ______ species.

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Pseudomonas
| (b) | Streptococcus
| (c) | Mycobacterium
| (d) | Corynebacterium

# data[].attributes.headline
Figure below shows the clinical manifestation of an adherent, dense and grey pseudo-membrane covering the tonsils. Identify the causative agent of the disease.

# data[].attributes.subject
Figure below shows the clinical manifestation of an adherent, dense and grey pseudo-membrane covering the tonsils. Identify the causative agent of the disease.

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Bacillus anthracis
| (b) | Treponema pallidum
| (c) | Mycobacterium leprae
| (d) | Corynebacterium diphtheriae

# data[].attributes.headline
Which of the Streptococcus species shows beta-haemolytic activity on blood agar?

# data[].attributes.subject
Which of the Streptococcus species shows beta-haemolytic activity on blood agar?

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | S. bovis
| (b) | S. mutans
| (c) | S. pyogenes
| (d) | S. pneumoniae

# data[].attributes.headline
Which of the following is the property for Staphylococcus aureus?

# data[].attributes.subject
Which of the following is the property for Staphylococcus aureus?

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Catalase negative.
| (b) | Facultative anaerobe.
| (c) | Spore-forming bacteria.
| (d) | Stained pink colour using Gram staining.

# data[].attributes.headline
Which types of staining methods is used to demonstrate the capsule of the organisms?

# data[].attributes.subject
Which types of staining methods is used to demonstrate the capsule of the organisms?

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Simple stain
| (b) | Impregnation
| (c) | Negative stain
| (d) | Differential stain

# data[].attributes.headline
Identify the type of aseptic technique as shown in figure below.

# data[].attributes.subject
Identify the type of aseptic technique as shown in figure below.

# data[].attributes.body
| (a) | Boiling
| (b) | Red-hot
| (c) | Flaming
| (d) | Irradiation

# data[].attributes.headline
Select the CORRECT example of anaerobic media.

# data[].attributes.subject
Select the CORRECT example of anaerobic media.

# data[].attributes.body
(a) Blood agar(b) Nutrient broth (c) MacConkey agar (d)Thioglycolate broth

# data[].attributes.headline
Determine the oxygen requirement for organisms in Test tube 3 as shown in figure below.

# data[].attributes.subject
Determine the oxygen requirement for organisms in Test tube 3 as shown in figure below.

# data[].attributes.body
a.Aerobes
b.Facultative
c.Aerotolerant
d.Microaerophiles

# data[].attributes.headline
Which of the following is the characteristic of Gram-positive bacteria?

# data[].attributes.subject
Which of the following is the characteristic of Gram-positive bacteria?

# data[].attributes.body
a.Replicate by mitosis. b.Has periplasmic space. c.Has thick peptidoglycan layer. d.Outer membrane contains lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

# data[].attributes.headline
Identify the shape and arrangement of the bacterium as shown in figure below.

# data[].attributes.subject
Identify the shape and arrangement of the bacterium as shown in figure below.

# data[].attributes.body
a.Spirochete b.Diplococcus c.Streptococcus d.Streptobacillus

# data[].attributes.headline
Select the CORRECT example of physical hazard in laboratory.

# data[].attributes.subject
Select the CORRECT example of physical hazard in laboratory.

# data[].attributes.body
(a) Bacteria(b) Radiation(c) Corrosive (d) Flammable

# data[].attributes.headline
Which of the following is an example of eukaryotic cell?

# data[].attributes.subject
Which of the following is an example of eukaryotic cell?

# data[].attributes.body
(a) Virus (b) Fungi(c) Archaea(d) Bacteria

# data[].attributes.headline
Differentiate any FIVE (5) characteristics between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

# data[].attributes.subject
Differentiate any FIVE (5) characteristics between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

# data[].attributes.headline
Describe FOUR (4) phases in microbial growth curve.

# data[].attributes.subject
Describe FOUR (4) phases in microbial growth curve.

# data[].attributes.headline
Provide any FIVE (5) examples of gram-negative bacteria.

# data[].attributes.subject
Provide any FIVE (5) examples of gram-negative bacteria.

# data[].attributes.headline
Discuss any FIVE (5) types of culture media with their applications in bacterial isolation and identification  by providing ONE (1) example for each type.

# data[].attributes.subject
Discuss any FIVE (5) types of culture media with their applications in bacterial isolation and identification  by providing ONE (1) example for each type.

# data[].attributes.headline
State any FIVE (5) examples of antimicrobial agents.

# data[].attributes.subject
State any FIVE (5) examples of antimicrobial agents.

# data[].attributes.headline
Name any FIVE (5) examples of gram-positive bacteria

# data[].attributes.subject
Name any FIVE (5) examples of gram-positive bacteria

# data[].attributes.headline
Write down any FIVE (5) examples of differential or indicator media.

# data[].attributes.subject
Write down any FIVE (5) examples of differential or indicator media.

# data[].attributes.headline
List any FIVE (5) examples of physical laboratory hazards.

# data[].attributes.subject
List any FIVE (5) examples of physical laboratory hazards.

# data[].attributes.headline
Discuss the principle, procedure, and results of Gram staining.

# data[].attributes.subject
Discuss the principle, procedure, and results of Gram staining.

# data[].attributes.headline
Explain FIVE (5) oxygen requirements in bacteria.

# data[].attributes.subject
Explain FIVE (5) oxygen requirements in bacteria.

# data[].attributes.headline
Compare any FIVE (5) differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

# data[].attributes.subject
Compare any FIVE (5) differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

# data[].attributes.headline
Draw and label the basic structure of a bacterial cell.

# data[].attributes.subject
Draw and label the basic structure of a bacterial cell.

# data[].attributes.headline
State any FIVE (5) examples of viral infections.

# data[].attributes.subject
State any FIVE (5) examples of viral infections.

# data[].attributes.headline
What are the FIVE (5) phenotypic characteristics used to classify viruses?

# data[].attributes.subject
What are the FIVE (5) phenotypic characteristics used to classify viruses?

# data[].attributes.headline
List FIVE (5) detection methods used for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

# data[].attributes.subject
List FIVE (5) detection methods used for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

# data[].attributes.headline
Explain FIVE (5) types of staining methods and their functions used in microbiological assays.

# data[].attributes.subject
Explain FIVE (5) types of staining methods and their functions used in microbiological assays.

# data[].attributes.headline
Determine the method of sterilization for the following laboratory materials.i.	Inoculating loopii.	Culture mediaiii.	Antibioticiv.	Glasswarev.	Biosafety cabinet

# data[].attributes.subject
Determine the method of sterilization for the following laboratory materials.i.	Inoculating loopii.	Culture mediaiii.	Antibioticiv.	Glasswarev.	Biosafety cabinet

# data[].attributes.headline
Identify FIVE (5) factors that influence bacterial growth. 

# data[].attributes.subject
Identify FIVE (5) factors that influence bacterial growth. 

# data[].attributes.headline
State any TEN (10) shapes and arrangements of the bacterial cells.

# data[].attributes.subject
State any TEN (10) shapes and arrangements of the bacterial cells.