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A recent study confirmed that the city of Makkah Al-Mukarramah has more than 150 times its population in 146 years, and that the city in which the Sacred Mosque is located became a million city only about 19 years ago, compared to the year 1857 AD, in which its population ranged at the number nine thousand. The study prepared by the Urban Observatory of Makkah Al-Mukarramah indicated that the process of analyzing the data resulted in the detection of a strong and escalating housing growth trend, especially between 1902 and 1942 AD, and between 1974 and 1976 AD, indicating that the directions of upward growth in general and the fluctuation of that trend in certain periods between the decline and the rise can be explained by the connection of those directions With political circumstances and internal and external migration booms to the city. The study said: `` As a result of political stability and economic and social developments, population growth rates increased significantly after 1974 AD, where in 1982 the highest population growth rate was recorded by 21.4 percent, then the percentage decreased in 1986 to 7.7 percent, then to 5 percent in 1992, until it reached 2.6 percent in 2003, which can be explained by an increase Internal migration rates from the different parts of the Kingdom of Makkah. She pointed out that the development of the number of pilgrims to Makkah is the main driver of its population and urban growth process in its various historical periods through internal migration mechanisms to it, in addition to some other secondary factors related to the degree of political stability or environmental conditions.
الاسم: ساره سلمان الزياد الصف: 1/1

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What Causes Climate Change?
The Earth’s climate has always changed and evolved. Some of these changes have been due to natural causes such as volcanic eruptions, floods, forest fires etc., but quite a few of them are due to human activities. Human activities such as deforestation, burning fossil fuels, farming livestock etc., generate an enormous amount of greenhouse gases. This results in greenhouse effect and global warming which are the major causes for climate change Effects of Climate Change
If the current situation of climate change continues in a similar manner then it will impact all forms of life on the earth. The earth temperature will rise, the monsoon patterns will change, sea levels will rise, and storms, volcanic eruptions and natural disasters will occur frequently. The biological and ecological balance of the earth will get disturbed. The environment will get polluted and humans will not be able to get fresh air to breath and fresh water to drink. Life on earth will come to an end.
https://youtu.be/oJAbATJCugs
reema alqhtani 1-2

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Mecca is a holy city for Muslims, with the Grand Mosque and the Kaaba, which is the qiblah for Muslims in their prayers.  It is located in the west of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, about 400 km from Medina in the southwest direction, and about 75 km from the city of Taif in the western direction, and 72 km from the city of Jeddah and the Red Sea coast, and the closest ports to it is the Jeddah Islamic Port, and the nearest airports  Its international airport is King Abdulaziz International Airport.  Makkah is located at the intersection of two degrees of latitude 25/21 North, and longitude 49/39 East. This site is considered one of the most difficult geological formations, as most of its rocks are very hard granite.  The area of ​​the Holy City of Makkah is about 850 km², of which 88 km² is inhabited. The area of ​​the central area surrounding the Grand Mosque is about 6 km², and the .height of Makkah above sea level is about 277 meters

الاسم: ساره سلمان الزياد. صف: 1/1

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Fresh water
Hi I am Aldana Al-S ulaiman I’m going to talk about freshwater in Saudi Arabia the rain in K.S.A is a little quantity there is no rivers here so the Government established so many factory’sFor freshwater in a lot of cities to produce fresh water such as the one in Jeddah Jubail dammam and in Jazan
With my best wishes Aldana Al-Sulaiman

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a tsunami destroying buildings and homes. 

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As a result, the largest source region for tsunamis is in the Pacific Oceanwith 71% of all occurrences. Within the main Pacific Ocean basin, tsunamis generated in the tropics, while locally devastating, tend to weaken rapidly with distance.

here’s an entertaining video about tsunamis :https://youtu.be/_oPb_9gOdn4

Leen Mohammed Al-baud
1/2

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There is nothing worse than being trapped in your car, waiting in the middle of a traffic jam. It is frustrating, knowing that there is nothing you can do and that you are going to be late to work. Traffic jams often occur during rush hour or right after a large event because there are more cars on the road than normal. Traffic jams can also be caused by car accidents or road construction. They usually occur on major roads that many people use to travel to work or school. Traffic jams are a problem because they make people late for work or school, they can cause car accidents, and they are frustrating. How can we reduce the number of traffic jams? Possible solutions include carpooling or using public transportation. The best way to solve traffic jams is by using public transportation because it will be efficient, economical, and reliable.

name : reem suliman alarifi

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considered on of the biggest problems of this age. There are several types of pollution that have harmful effect on creature life.

We can say that air pollution is the most dangerous one. This type is caused by smoke and exhaust fumes from factories and cars which lead to unhealthy and not clean air.

Last but not least we must provide solutions for the environmental Pollution like Constructing special plants to treat the waste of public and industrial establishments and establishing factories for Recycling which means some things like paper, plastic, cans and glass can be collected and used again.This is called recycling.The environment is a gift from God that should be protected from pollution

Hala Alahmari

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Global warming which is also referred to as climate change, is the observed rise in the average temperature of the Earth’s climate system  the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C  in the lowest emissions scenario, and 2.6 to 4.8 °C in the highest emissions scenario, These readings have been recorded by the “national science academies of the major industrialized nations”, Future climate change and impacts will differ from region to region, Expected effects include increase in global temperatures, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts

Global warming is a serious environmental issues, The causes are divided into two categories include “natural” and “human influences” of global warming, and Natural Causes of Global Warming : 1- rotation of the sun that changes the intensity of sunlight and moving closer to the earth . 2-
greenhouse gases . 3- Volcanic eruptio

Saja Alahmari

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Nowadays, tourism is important matters. From tourism we can share our culture with people who have anther culture, we can rise our economy from tourism as well. Saudi Arabia started to open his doors for tourists and this will led to crease the economy of Saudi. Also, Saudi Arabia has a lot of heritage places, so, I think these sites will help Saudi to promote tourism. In the past, Economy of Saudi focus on oil but tourism is one of the anther income so tourism will help Saudi economy.
Reema al-fawzan
1/1

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Security mostly refers to protection from hostile forces, but it has a wide range of other senses: for example, as the absence of harm (e.g. freedom from want); as the presence of an essential good (e.g. food security); as resilience against potential damage or harm (e.g. secure foundations); as secrecy (e.g. a secure telephone line); as containment (e.g. a secure room or cell); and as a state of mind (e.g. emotional security)
شهد الهديب ١/١

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The Nile River is the longest river in the world in East Africa, and this river is geographical and historical, and it is one of the oldest rivers in the world and its name is associated with the Pharaonic civilization that lasted for thousands of years.

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Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Most people infected with the virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment. However, some will become seriously ill and require medical attention. Older people and those with underlying medical conditions like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, or cancer are more likely to develop serious illness. Anyone can get sick with COVID-19 and become seriously ill or die at any age.
The best way to prevent and slow down transmission is to be well informed about the disease and how the virus spreads. Protect yourself and others from infection by staying at least 1 metre apart from others, wearing a properly fitted mask, and washing your hands or using an alcohol-based rub frequently. Get vaccinated when it’s your turn and follow local guidance.
The virus can spread from an infected person’s mouth or nose in small liquid particles when they cough, sneeze, speak, sing or breathe. These particles range from larger respiratory droplets to smaller aerosols. It is important to practice respiratory etiquette, for example by coughing into a flexed elbow, and to stay home and self-isolate until you recover if you feel unwell.
To prevent infection and to slow transmission of COVID-19, do the following:
Get vaccinated when a vaccine is available to you.
Stay at least 1 metre apart from others, even if they don’t appear to be sick.
Wear a properly fitted mask when physical distancing is not possible or when in poorly ventilated settings.
Choose open, well-ventilated spaces over closed ones. Open a window if indoors.
Wash your hands regularly with soap and water or clean them with alcohol-based hand rub.
Cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing.
If you feel unwell, stay home and self-isolate until you recover.

Name: lama mohammed alzmail
Class: 1/1

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Pollution is the introduction of harmful materials into the environment. These harmful materials are called pollutants. Pollutants can be natural, such as volcanic ash. They can also be created by human activity, such as trash or runoff produced by factories. Pollutants damage the quality of air, water, and land.

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of any substance (solid, liquid, or gas) or energy (such as radioactivity, heat, sound, or light). Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Although environmental pollution can be caused by natural events, the word pollution generally implies that the contaminants have an anthropogenic source – that is, a source created by human activities. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution. In 2015, pollution killed nine million people worldwide (one in six deaths).This remained unchanged in 2019, with little real progress against pollution being identifiable. Air pollution accounted for ¾ of these earlier deaths.

Major forms of pollution include

air pollution, light pollution, litter, noise pollution, plastic pollution, soil contamination, radioactive contamination, thermal pollution, visual pollution, and water pollution.

الطالبه:دانه هاني الشدوخي
فصل ١/١

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Antarctica, القارة القطبية الجنوبية

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Global warming is the long-term heating of Earth’s surface observed since the pre-industrial period (between 1850 and 1900) due to human activities, primarily fossil fuel burning, which increases heat-trapping greenhouse gas levels in Earth’s atmosphere. This term is not interchangeable with the term "climate change."Since the pre-industrial period, human activities are estimated to have increased Earth’s global average temperature by about 1 degree Celsius (1.8 degrees Fahrenheit), a number that is currently increasing by more than 0.2 degrees Celsius (0.36 degrees Fahrenheit) per decade. The current warming trend is unequivocally the result of human activity since the 1950s and is proceeding at an unprecedented rate over millennia.
https://youtu.be/oG8XNuTci-U

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A volcano is a crack in the ground and a pool emerges from it, that is the place from which hot magmatic materials with fumes and gases accompanying them come out deep in the earth’s crust and this occurs through craters or fissures. The magma accumulates or flows according to its type to form different land forms, including conical hills or high volcanic mountains. Indonesia is one of the countries with the most volcanoes, which are 180 These are eruptions that appear on the surface of the earth as a result of the outflow of esoteric materials following the movements of the earth's crust.

Approximately 1,500 of Earth's known volcanoes have erupted at least once, today it is estimated that 500 million people from Japan to Indonesia, and from Italy to Oregon in the USA live near active volcanoes.

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maram sami alsaeed 1/2

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China's overpopulation China (Simplified Chinese: 中国 Zhonghua; Traditional Chinese: 中國) officially known as the People's Republic of China (Simplified Chinese: 中华人 ⁇ 和国 Zhonghua Renmin Gonghigo; Traditional Chinese: 中文人 ⁇ ⁇ 和國) is the most populous country in the world with a population of more than 1.45 billion people. It is located in East Asia and is ruled by the Communist Party of China under a one-party system. 20] China consists of more than 22 provinces, five autonomous regions and four directly administered municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Zhongqing) and two highly autonomous regions, Hong Kong and Macau. The capital of the country is Beijing. 21] mayas Alharbi 1/1

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Unemployment is defined as an expression that is given to individuals living without work: unemployed persons. Unemployment is also defined as a situation in which a person who is unable to find job in addition to his permanent attempt to seek work.

unemployment reasons:

1- Migration from the countryside to the city, which leads to an increase in the number of unemployed in cities.

2- Poor economic conditions in some countries, which result in a range of economic difficulties, most notably the lack of jobs.

suggested solutions:

1- Provide vocational and career guidance for students in the preparatory and secondary levels, so that each student can choose the appropriate field of study that suit his abilities and interests.

2- reducing foreign employment as much as possible and make use of the most of local manpower.

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Switzerland's economy is one of the most stable in the world.  Its policy is a long-term security and monetary policy and thus Switzerland a safe and sought to create an investment haven, dependent on the steadytide of foreign investment.  Switzerland is one of the countries with the highest per capita income in the world with low unemployment and a balanced budget.  The service sector plays a major economic role in the country.  Despite its limited area and lack of raw materials, Switzerland is witnessing remarkable economic success in the industrial and financial fields.  Given the positive economic and political conditions, many multinational companies are based in Switzerland.  The country remains highly dependent on the import of raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products, as well as energy and materials .
Sara abdulaziz aldawood 1/1

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Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses which may cause illness in animals or humans. In humans, several coronaviruses are known to cause respiratory infections ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The most recently discovered coronavirus causes coronavirus disease COVID-19.

COVID-19 is a new illness that can affect your lungs and airways. This new virus and disease were unknown before the outbreak began in Wuhan, China, in December 2019.

Wadha Mohammed ALhajri •

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Ghadeer Saad Alajmi
1/1

Several species of animals have become extinct and some of them have become endangered because of their intense hunting by humans, and in many species humans have either eliminated them or made them on the endangered list due to greed for profit such as using their fur in the fashion industry, selling and showing off, or just for the purpose of hunting for  Only entertainment and not feeding, as is the case with the dodo bird on the island of Mauritius, or some hunters and hunters were chasing polar white bears in the regions with helicopters and shooting them, and if not for the intervention of associations concerned with the environment and animals in the fight against this absurd, it would have been a long time ago.

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Unemployment is an economic condition in which individuals actively seeking jobs remain un-hired. The problem of unemployment is a worldwide reality suffer from it. Over time it has become worse, especially after the global economic crisis, and it has become a threat to social development.

Causes of Unemployment

Firstly, the increased population leads to higher unemployment rates. and this is very obvious in countries like China and India

Secondly, There is a global rapid technological change which plays a big role in the increased unemployment problem.

The third cause is a lack of education or skills for employment. This happens when the qualifications of a person are not sufficient to meet his job responsibilities.

Forth The rising cost makes it hard for the companies to pay the usual optimum salary for the employees.

Effects of Unemployment

1/ the financial problems which are rising from prolonged unemployment. It is known that we can not buy anything without money; the constant income buys food, clothing, and shelter.

2/many obvious and well-documented social problems are caused by unemployment. Because of the increased spare time, there will be an increase in the rates of alcoholism, drug abuse, and domestic violence.

3/Unemployment affects a person psychologically too. Numerous studies have revealed a relationship between unemployment and lack of self-esteem and confidence leading to depression and psychosomatic diseases, personal worthlessness, and powerlessness.

In the end, Unemployment has become a major problem that affects our life, health, economy, and community. So countries should build more companies and factories to provide more opportunities and positions to respond to the need of the increased population. Moreover, there should be unemployment insurance to help unemployed individuals with their financial problems till they find a job.

https://youtu.be/IOoV1Q_VGFA
Joud almohizea - جود المهيزع 1/2

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Global warming is a phenomenon that has occurred in recent years which has the potential to cause a reversible changes. these changes are not only limited to variations in weather conditions, but they also include changes in biology, sociology, and economics as well. Before having a thorough discussion on global warming impacts understanding the definitions of this phenomenon takes priority.

The Sun releases energy in the form of heat and radiation. Some of this energy is absorbed by the Earth crust why the remaining is reflected to the atmosphere. This energy now thats is reflected to the atmosphere, it gets absorbed by certain gases known as greenhouse gases. As a result the gases gain energy and increase air temperature. Ever since the industrial revolution  during the previous century, the concentration of these gases increased because of the rapid burning of fossil fuels.

Global warming impacts are enormous  and can be easily demonstrated. For example this period  that we currently live in has witnessed a great mass extension. In addition several countries that depend solely on crop production and agriculture have suffered significantly. India is an example of that since their crops couldn’t withstand the warming affect impacting  their economy notably.

Despite global warming being demonstrated as a negative force that’s causing several negative changes, still sacrifice of technological advancement is not a feasible solution. Therefore there are  several initiatives that Saudi Arabia is working on the weaken the warming effect. For example the 7,5 million trees initiative. Planting more trees will be a contributing factor in reducing greenhouse gas effect in the atmosphere therefore reducing global warming effect.

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Endangered species are animal and plant species that are in danger of extinction.
Scientists estimate that more than 8,300 plant and 7,200 animal species around the planet are threatened with extinction, with the majority of these species found in the tropics and developing countries.
And there are thousands more that become extinct every year before

life scientists discover the

- مشاعل القاسم أولى / أول

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‏Traffic congestion is one of the most prevalent phenomena in the world, especially in the developed world, and many countries have long begun to search for successful solutions to reduce the phenomenon of traffic congestion, because this phenomenon causes many negatives, whether on the streets or vehicles, or even on drivers, because it It causes them great tension and a feeling of pressure resulting from staying for long periods in a standing position without the vehicles being able to move as a result of congestion, and the occurrence of an abnormal slowdown in the movement of vehicles. Vehicles, in addition to the reversal of vehicles to long distances, and the increase in the rate of traffic accidents,
‏The phenomenon of traffic congestion causes the occurrence of many road accidents, whether vehicle accidents or run-over accidents that claim many lives, and the horns of vehicles that usually go off during crowding cause great inconvenience, in addition to the dispersion of focus and inattention, and this in turn causes many disasters as well, and from It is very necessary to put an end to this phenomenon, and to try to control the main causes that led to it. It is also possible to learn from the experiences of developed countries that were able to solve traffic crises in their streets, as a result of following several policies and establishing many practical solutions.
https://youtu.be/iHzzSao6ypE
Fayizh ali Al-Qahtani 1-2

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poverty is about not being able to participate in recreational activities; not being able to send children on a day trip with their schoolmates or to a birthday party; not being able to pay for medications for an illness.  These are all costs of being poor. Those people who are barely able to pay for food and shelter simply can’t consider these other expenses.  When people are excluded within a society, when they are not well educated and when they have a higher incidence of illness, there are negative consequences for society.  We all pay the price for poverty.  The increased cost on the health system, the justice system and other systems that provide supports to those living in poverty has an impact on our economy.

Lamar alwahibi 1/2

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Cape Town is one of the most popular tourist destinations in South Africa.  However, the mother city is now in the grip of a devastating water crisis.  Historically, the city has dealt with periods of drought by carefully managing water, which helps it survive.  Cape Town is now experiencing its third consecutive year of drought, which has led to the worst water shortage in 100 years.  Experts estimated that the city only survived five months before water levels completely depleted.  This catastrophic prospect has now been called "Day Zero."  If this happens, most taps across the city will be turned off, and residents will be forced to wait at Cape Town water collection sites to collect 25 liters per day per person.  These sites will be supervised by police and military personnel;  It seems inevitable that public health, safety and the economy will be affected as a result

Haya almougames 1/1

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A serious and infectious bacterial infection that can lead to death.

It is caused by zoonotic bacteria that are usually found in some rodents (such as mice), small mammals and fleas.

Humans are infected after being bitten by a flea carrying plague bacteria or by dealing with an infected animal.

There is an effective treatment for him as soon as he is diagnosed early with antibiotics.

There is no vaccine to prevent it; but there are guidelines that must be followed.

DIMA ALMUSHARRAF

1/2

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Alanoud Abdulaziz Aldarwish
class: 1/1

The concept of overpopulation describes an overcrowded population that exceeds the limits of its environment or resources. It is usually discussed in the context of world population, but can also be applied to individual places. Overpopulation has quite severe effects. The Earth is capable of producing a limited amount of water and food, which is insufficient to meet current demands, and some countries would declare war to get some resources.

This is a summary for this video and all the rights belongs to them:
https://youtu.be/QsBT5EQt348

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Globally, twice as many people were affected by natural disasters in the 1990s vs. in the 1980s, and global annual economic losses from extreme events increased 10-fold over the past four decades. Heat waves, droughts, fires, floods, tropical storms, and other natural disasters pose long-term health consequences. For example, particulate matter from fires reduces air quality and causes morbidity and mortality from cardiorespiratory disease; flooding can cause biological contamination of water supplies, displacement, and trauma; more intense coastal storms, combined with sea level rise and loss of coastal barrier systems (mangrove forests, vegetated dunes, coral reefs, and wetlands), generate a “triple threat” for inhabitants of low-lying coastal areas. Survivors of natural disasters face serious, yet poorly understood, physical and mental health impacts. It must be a priority to investigate trends in exposure to natural hazards, which populations are most vulnerable, and effective practices for reducing vulnerability

https://youtu.be/a4wPE3fQJuU

Juri Aldosari
1/2

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Water scarcity in Africa is a dire situation, and is only getting worse. As Africa’s population continues to grow and climate change continues to rob the continent of the finite resource, it is predicted that by 2025, close to 230 million Africans will be facing water scarcity, and up to 460 million will be living in water-stressed areas.
The year 2025 is around the corner, just three years away, and that time will pass in the blink of an eye. Just think about what’s happened in the past five years. The series finale of Game of Thrones was released almost five years ago. The cinematic event of the decade, Avengers: End Game dominated the box office, and Lil Nas X’s "Old Town Road" became our favourite earworm four years ago.

ليان العتيبي 2/1

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مانيلا، مترو مانيلا، الفلبين

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‏natural disasters

‏A catastrophic situation in which daily life is suddenly affected and people are in need of protection, clothing, shelter, medical and social care and other necessary life needs.  These disasters vary, as there are storms, floods, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.

‏From one of the cities where a natural disaster occurred

‏1- Tokyo-Yokohama in Japan:

‏The city most prone to natural disasters There are about 80% of the population at risk of a major earthquake.  The fault in which the city is located near the Pacific Ocean is very active, which explains its vulnerability to a tsunami as well.

‏2- Manila in the Philippines:

‏Half of the population of the Philippine capital is at risk of earthquakes, strong winds and typhoons.  Flooding has become a Filipino custom, as residents have swam its streets in the past couple of years.  Here the risks include 34 millions and 600 thousand people.

Retal Alshamrani 1/1

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Poverty is the inability to provide a minimum standard of living or basic services. Poverty is one of the social problems experienced by various societies, including some developed countries, and is often the result of the lack of an income source for individuals or the insufficient income to cover their living expenses. It is not only related to the economic situation of low income, but also to other social problems, such as family disintegration, as well as mental illness, most notably depression.
تركيه السنبل
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COVID-19: The disease first appeared in the Chinese city of Wuhan in early December 2019, the World Health Organization officially declared on January 30 that the virus outbreak constituted a public health emergency in China.  An international concern confirmed that the outbreak turned into a pandemic in March.  On September 11, more than 608 millions cases of Covid-19 were reported in more than 188 countries and territories as of September 11, 2022, including more than 6.51 millions deaths, as well as more than million recoveries in the United States.  It is the country hardest hit by the epidemic, with more than a quarter of the total number of confirmed infections

The virus is transmitted primarily upon close contact between individuals, and may become infected as a result of touching the eyes, mouth, or nose after touching a surface contaminated with the virus.

The pandemic has caused severe global social and economic damage, including the largest global economic downturn since the Great Depression, as well as the postponement or cancellation of sporting, religious, political and cultural events, and major shortages of supplies and equipment exacerbated by panic buying.  .  and reduce emissions of pollutants and greenhouse gases.  Schools, universities and colleges have been closed locally or locally in 190 countries, affecting about 73.5% of students in the world.  Misinformation about the virus has spread on the Internet, and cases of xenophobia and racial discrimination against Chinese and those perceived as Chinese, or from areas with high infection rates, have emerged.

Nourah almuwayni 1/1

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Pollution
‏No one can deny the fact that Pollution is an important subject to write about, as Pollution is considered on of the biggest problems of this age. There are several types of pollution that have harmful effect on creature life.
‏We can say that air pollution is the most dangerous one. This type is caused by smoke and exhaust fumes from factories and cars which lead to unhealthy and not clean air.

يارا السهلي ٢/١

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India is a developing country.  Although its economy has grown, poverty remains a major challenge.  However, poverty is declining in India.  According to the IMF paper, extreme poverty, defined by the World Bank as living on US$1.9 or less in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms, in India was as low as 0.8% in 2019 and the country managed to maintain it at that level in  2020 Despite the unprecedented outbreak of COVID-19 according to the World Bank, extreme poverty decreased by 12.3% between 2011 and 2019 from 22.5% in 2011 to 10.2% in 2019. A bank working paper stated that rural poverty decreased from 26.3%  In 2011 to 11.6% in 2019. The decline in urban areas ranged from 14.2% to 6.3% in the same period, and the poverty level in rural and urban areas decreased by 14.7 and 7.9 percentage points respectively according to UNDP Administrator, Achim Steiner,  India lifted 271 million people out of extreme poverty in a 10-year time period from 2005-2006 to 2015-2016.  A 2020 study from the World Economic Forum found that “about 220 million Indians live on spending less than 32 rupees per day – the poverty line in rural India – as per the latest 2013 India Poverty Census.”

The World Bank has revised its definition and criteria for measuring poverty since 1990-1991, with an income of $0.2 per day based on purchasing power parity as the definition used from 2005 to 2013. Some quasi-economic and non-economic indicators have also been proposed to measure poverty in India.  For example, in order to determine whether a person is poor, the MPI places a 13% weight on the number of years that person has been in school or engaged in education and 6.25% weight on that person's financial condition
From the late nineteenth century until the early twentieth century, under British rule, poverty in India intensified, peaking in the 1920s.  Famine and disease have killed millions in multiple vicious circles through.

Joud alqifary 1/2

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Australia's bushfire season 2019-20 featured a series of bushfires that are currently burning across Australia, particularly in the southeast.  The 2019-20 wildfire season is significantly more intense compared to previous seasons, burning nearly 10.7 million hectares (26 million acres, or 107,000 square kilometers, or 41,000 square miles) and destroying more than 5,900 buildings (including  2,204 houses) and eight people were killed as of January 8, 2020. The New South Wales Wildfires Authority
considers this season to be the worst on recor  In December 2019, the New South Wales government declared emergency law after temperatures rose to unprecedented levels and after a prolonged drought fueled fires.  It is estimated that about half a billion animals have been affected by the ongoing fires. Some other estimates, including bats, amphibians, and invertebrates, put numbers of animals killed at more than a billion.  Ecologists fear that endangered species may be driven to extinction by fires.
Since September 2019, fires have severely affected areas as diverse as the North Coast, North Central Coast, Hunter County, Sydney's westernmost Wolondale, Blue Mountains and South Coast with over 100 fires across the state.

Support has been sought from all over Australia to help put out the fires and relieve the local staff in NSW.  On September 11, a report announced that the Victorian County Firehouse had sent a large crew of 300 firefighters to help.  By mid-November, more than 100 firefighters had been sent to Western Australia.  On November 12, the Australian Government announced that the Royal Australian Defense Force would assist in the firefighting effort in addition to providing human and logistical support.  Firefighters from New Zealand, the United States and Canada helped put out fires, particularly in New South Wales.

https://youtu.be/O6Vayv9FCLM

Jana aldosari 1/2

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https://youtu.be/zMm0yU8Z37M

the negative impact following an actual occurrence of natural hazard in the event that it significantly harms a community". A natural disaster can cause loss of life or damage property, and typically leaves some economic damage in its wake. The severity of the damage depends on the affected population's resilience and on the infrastructure available. Examples of natural hazards include: avalanche, coastal flooding, cold wave, drought, earthquake, hail, heat wave, hurricane (tropical cyclone), ice storm, landslide, lightning, riverine flooding, strong wind, tornado, tsunami, volcanic activity, wildfire, winter weather.

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In modern times, the divide between natural, man-made and man-accelerated disasters is quite difficult to draw. Human choices and activities like architecture, fire, resource management or even climate change potentially play a role in causing "natural disasters". In fact, the term "natural disaster" has been called a misnomer already in 1976. A disaster is a result of a natural or man-made hazard impacting a vulnerable community. It is the combination of the hazard along with exposure of a vulnerable society that results in a disaster.

Natural disasters can be aggravated by inadequate building norms, marginalization of people, inequities, overexploitation of resources, extreme urban sprawl and climate change. The rapid growth of the world's population and its increased concentration often in hazardous environments has escalated both the frequency and severity of disasters. With the tropical climate and unstable landforms, coupled with deforestation, unplanned growth proliferation, non-engineered constructions make the disaster-prone areas more vulnerable. Developing countries suffer more or less chronically from natural disasters due to ineffective communication combined with insufficient budgetary allocation for disaster prevention and management.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Name: Lojain mohammed alqoud
Class: 1/2

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JAVAN RHINOS
☆ Once found throughout south-east Asia, Javan rhinos have suffered a staggering decline in their numbers due to hunting and habitat loss. The lone wild population of Javan rhinos is one of the rarest of the rhino species—around 75 individuals—which can only be found on the island of Java, Indonesia.

☆ The Ujung Kulon National Park, a World Heritage Site, is the last remaining refuge of Javan rhinos. But the area also suffers from the invading Arenga palm, leaving the rhinos with less food to eat and less habitat to roam. Besides, the small Javan rhino population is also extremely vulnerable to extinction due to natural catastrophes, disease, poaching and potential inbreeding.

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Pollution Emission Testing, Bangalore Corporation Industrial Estate, Mahadevapura, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

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Pollution Emission Testing, Bangalore Corporation Industrial Estate, Mahadevapura, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

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Pollution Emission Testing, Bangalore Corporation Industrial Estate, Mahadevapura, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

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Air pollution: Air pollution means the release of various gases, fine solids, and scattered liquids into the atmosphere at high rates that exceed the environment’s ability to dissipate, mitigate or absorb them.  [1] 0 seconds of 0 seconds The phenomenon of air pollution is not new, as it dates back to the Middle Ages, and air pollution has caused many tragic accidents in recent times;  We mention from these incidents the following:[2] The serious problem that occurred in London, as the thick smoke resulting from burning coal caused the emergence of serious environmental problems, which led to the prohibition of the use of coal in lime kilns, by King Edward I in 1307 AD.  .  The tragic incident that occurred in Belgium in 1930 AD, where 36 people died within 5 days;  As a result of the fusion of sulfur dioxide gas and fine particles with high relative humidity.  The other incident that occurred in Pennsylvania in 1948, where 20 people died within 5 days;  Due to environmental conditions similar to the occurrence of other accidents mentioned earlier.

reasons for air polution
natural causes
Dust and fire
animals and plants
volcanoes
fossil fuel emissions
Waste
microbial decomposition
Agricultural Pesticides

Sources of air pollution Sources of air pollution include: natural sources and man-made sources, which are as follows:[3] Human sources are considered the largest contribution to air pollution at the present time that come through human influence, including:[4] Fossil fuel emissions  Fossil fuel emissions are one of the main human sources of air pollution, and here are some of the manifestations of their occurrence:  waste incinerators, and heaters that need to burn fuel in order to function.  Greenhouse gas emissions from industry, which represent 21% of total greenhouse gas emissions in the United States.  greenhouse gas emissions from electricity generation;  They account for 31% of all those emissions, according to the Union of Concerned Scientists.  Emissions from gasoline-powered vehicles such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, water vapor and particulate matter;  which is also a major source of air pollution.  Greenhouse gas emissions from transportation. Study results published in the journal Union Concerned Scientists in 2014 indicate that transportation produces more than half the amount of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, and more than a quarter of the hydrocarbons released into US air.

https://youtu.be/e6rglsLy1Ys

student name : Linda almalki
1/2

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A natural disaster is "the negative impact following an actual occurrence of natural hazard in the event that it significantly harms a community". A natural disaster can cause loss of life or damage property,and typically leaves some economic damage in its wake. The severity of the damage depends on the affected population's resilience and on the infrastructure available.Examples of natural hazards include: avalanche, coastal flooding, cold wave, drought, earthquake, hail, heat wave, hurricane(tropical cyclone), ice storm, landslide, lightning, riverine flooding, strong wind, tornado, tsunami, volcanic activity, wildfire, winter weather.

https://youtu.be/oRiLLd2hX0E

Layan Al-Baz 1/2

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Poverty is the state of having few material possessions or little income. Poverty can have diverse social , economic and political causes and effects.[1] When evaluating poverty in statistics or economics there are two main measures: absolute poverty compares income against the amount needed to meetbasic personal needs

, such as food,clothing and shelter relative poverty measures when a person cannot meet a minimum level of living standards , compared to others in the same time and place. The definition of relative poverty varies from one country to another, or from one society  to another.

Layal aljalajel _ليال الجلاجل  1/1

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Bangladesh is the most polluted country in the world, with an average PM2.5 concentration of 83.30, down from 97.10 in 2018.
The main environmental pollutants in the country are air and water pollution, ground water pollution, noise pollution, solid waste, besides the kilns used to make wood bricks or charcoal, Dhaka city is the most polluted in the world

دانه الخريف ١/١

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Marine pollution is a growing problem in today’s world. Our ocean is being flooded with two main types of pollution: chemicals and trash.

Chemical contamination, or nutrient pollution, is concerning for health, environmental, and economic reasons. This type of pollution occurs when human activities, notably the use of fertilizer on farms, lead to the runoff of chemicals into waterways that ultimately flow into the oceanMarine Pollution
Marine pollution is a combination of chemicals and trash, most of which comes from land sources and is washed or blown into the ocean. This pollution results in damage to the environment, to the health of all organisms, and to economic structures worldwide Marine pollution is a growing problem in today’s world. Our ocean is being flooded with two main types of pollution: chemicals and trash.

Chemical contamination, or nutrient pollution, is concerning for health, environmental, and economic reasons. This type of pollution occurs when human activities, notably the use of fertilizer on farms, lead to the runoff of chemicals into waterways that ultimately flow into the ocean

https://youtu.be/Om42Lppkd9w

Retaj alarifi
٢/١

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الغابات الإستوائية, الأمير مقرن بن عبدالعزيز،, ينبع

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الغابات الإستوائية, الأمير مقرن بن عبدالعزيز،, ينبع

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الغابات الإستوائية, الأمير مقرن بن عبدالعزيز،, ينبع

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‏Hello, I'm Joud Al-Harbi, today I will talk about the extinction of animals
‏The extinction of animals is one of the environmental problems that may pose a threat to human life. There are animals that are very useful to us, such as cows to take milk and its derivatives.
‏There are very important creatures, but we do not know their value, such as the ladybird that fights pests.
Pets and predators:
There are millions around the world who love dogs and cats and take care of beautiful songbirds, they may need help from them at other times, but even predators are very important to the vital ecosystem and food chain, and their disappearance from a particular area may cause a massive imbalance that will in turn affect other living organisms Whether plants or animals, which will eventually affect humans.
‏The human-animal relationship:
‏Anthropologists tell us that the relationship between humans and animals is a complex, but authentic and rooted relationship since the emergence of human civilization.

Jood Alharbi 1/2

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Top 10 Endangered Animals in India | Endangered Species

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According to a survey reported by the Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy prepared by government specialists, 46.5% of Sudanese live below the poverty line, equivalent to about 14.4 million citizens.
It noted that about 13 million citizens are food deprived and that about 75% of the rural population is poor.
According to the study, the Darfur region ranked first in the list of the poorest regions, with a poverty rate of 62%. North Darfur state was considered the poorest with 69% of the total percentage of the region. While the capital Khartum ranked last among the Sudanese regions with a poverty rate of about 26%.
The reasons for the high poverty rates in the country were attributed to long-term conflicts and biased development policies in urban areas, as well as debt and economic sanctions.

Lulu emad alshaiq

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Global warming has presented another issue called climate change. Sometimes these phrases are used interchangeably, however, they are different. Climate change refers to changes in weather patterns and growing seasons around the world. It also refers to sea level rise caused by the expansion of warmer seas and melting ice sheets and glaciers.

Global warming causes climate change, which poses a serious threat to life on earth in the forms of widespread flooding and extreme weather. Scientists continue to study global warming and its impact on Earth.

https://youtu.be/PqxMzKLYrZ4

Rama Fahad Alshareef
1-2

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A natural disaster can cause loss of life or property damage,and usually leaves some economic damage in its wake.  The severity of the damage depends on the resilience of the affected population and on the available infrastructure.  Examples of natural hazards include: avalanche, coastal flooding, cold wave, drought, earthquake,
نوره المغيربي 1/2

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So what is overpopulation ?
overpopulation is when there are too many people for the environment to sustain the essentials such as food, drinkable water or even breathable air.

Although China is a considered a large county geographically, it still has an estimated population density of 145 people per square kilometer. It ranks 81st on the list of the 195 countries in the world. For comparison, Australia currently ranks as one of the lowest density populated countries, with a population density of 3 people per square kilometer

China tried to stop the overpopulation by bringing the one child policy in 1980 as a temporary measure to slow down china’s rapid population growth, but this had its own problems, and the most impactful one of China’s one child policy was to the gender ratio. China traditionally preferred boys over girls and this created the gender ratio that become extremely unbalanced. Boys are regarded in china to be financially and physically more capable than girls, so some women will abort their pregnancy if they find out they are having a girl. This concluded that 66 million girls who should have been born, where not. According to Radio Free Asia This means that 21% of the men over 50 in 2020 would never have married.

So in conclusion:
Overpopulation is one of the biggest problems facing humanity now. It is affecting the planets wellbeing and effecting the scarcity of food. In china this problem is huge and needs to be fixed soon otherwise the average global temperature will rise 4-5 degrees Celsius by 2100.
And it will also result in a high crime rate, enormous amounts of acid rain, mass extinction of species, and a scarcity of natural resources, among other social and environmental effects, if it is not addressed fast. China is not just coping with environmental issues; the situation has also deteriorated to the point where there is a significant gender imbalance and lots of abortion and it’s difficulties.

Some videos to provied further information :
https://youtu.be/Fg7jIjmLyWs
https://youtu.be/Eo3VRmuwawo

This project was made by :
Rawan Fahad Al-futemani ♡♡
1/2

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Marine Pollution

Marine pollution is a combination of chemicals and trash, most of which comes from land sources and is washed or blown into the ocean. This pollution results in damage to the environment, to the health of all organisms, and to economic structures worldwide.
Marine pollution is a growing problem in today’s world. Our ocean is being flooded with two main types of pollution: chemicals and trash.

Chemical contamination, or nutrient pollution, is concerning for health, environmental, and economic reasons. This type of pollution occurs when human activities, notably the use of fertilizer on farms, lead to the runoff of chemicals into waterways that ultimately flow into the ocean
Marine trash encompasses all manufactured products—most of them plastic—that end up in the ocean. Littering, storm winds, and poor waste management all contribute to the accumulation of this debris
This trash poses dangers to both humans and animals some animals mistake items like plastic bags for food and eat them, Small organisms feed on tiny bits of broken plastic also known as Microplastics ,and absorb the chemicals from the plastic into their tissues. Microplastics are less than five millimeters in diameter and have been detected in a range of marine species, including plankton and whales. When small organisms that consume microplastics are eaten by larger animals, the toxic chemicals then become part of their tissues. In this way, the microplastic pollution migrate up the food chain, eventually becoming part of the food that humans eat.

The Ocean Cleanup is a non-profit organization developing and scaling technologies to rid the oceans of plastic!
Learn more about them and their great achievements linked below!
https://theoceancleanup.com/

nada mansour
1/2

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Pollution is a global environmental problem

, as it harms all organisms from humans to animals and plants, as well as the atmosphere that surrounds the globe.  Atmospheric pollution follows many problems, including melting ice at the poles and damage to the ozone layer that protects our planet.

https://youtu.be/e6rglsLy1Ys

Latin Ahmad ALFAIZ
1-2

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Africa is alone among the poorest countries where disease has spread and deaths from hunger and thirst have increased despite the revolution of its natural resource. The availability of cheap labor on a large scale has often perpetuated policies that encourage inefficient agricultural and industrial practices, making Africa poorer.  For example, writer B.  c.  O'Rourke on his trip to Tanzania in Disposing of the Rich argued that the gravel had been produced using labor (by crushing the rocks with tools), as almost everywhere else in the world he was doing the same work at lower costs and much more efficiently.  He used Tanzania as an example of a country with excellent natural resources that was nonetheless among the poorest in the world.

Education was also a major problem, with high illiteracy rates, although a large proportion of Africans speak at least two languages.  However, they suffer from a scarcity of people with university degrees.  Advanced degrees are also rare in most areas.  Thus, the continent is mostly lacking in scientists, engineers, and even teachers.  Some of them have a daily wage of 5 CFA francs, equivalent to approximately 0.29 Saudi riyals, and they are less.

Seba Almotier 1-2

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reema alrweis

Corona pandemic
It is a global pandemic that spread in 2019 and in the Chinese city of Wuhan on the first days of December 2019, and the number of infections reached more than 608 million. As of September 11, 2022, it includes more than 6.51 million deaths

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Climate change is long-term shifts in temperature and weather patterns. Human activities have  the main driver of climate change, like coal, oil and gas.

We always say that the global warming is very dangerous because it can affect our health, ability to plant food, life style. In addition, sea-levels rise and saltwater intrusion have advanced to the point where whole communities have had to relocate, and protracted droughts are putting people at risk of famine , severe fires,  flooding, melting polar ice and  and catastrophic storms. The global temperature now is 1.5°C,  and it is projected to reach around 3.2°C by the end of the century which  caused fires. You can see here an article about

the issue. (https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2019/satellite-data-record-shows-climate-changes-impact-on-fires )

sara alghadeer 1/1

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Water is a foundation of life and livelihoods, and is key to sustainable development. Successful water management will serve as a foundation for the achievement Despite this, water is becoming a pressing societal and geopolitical issue in some regions, it is already of critical national concern. Water scarcity is an abstract concept to many and a stark reality for others. It is the result of myriad environmental, political, economic, and social forces.Freshwater makes up a very small fraction of all water on the planet. While nearly 70 percent of the world is covered by water, only 2.5 percent of it is fresh.The rest is saline and ocean based.

https://youtu.be/otrpxtAmDAk
Reema Alreasheed 1\2

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Overpopulation is the name given to the huge increase in the population so that the increase in the number of births occurs at the same time as a decrease in the number of deaths.

There are many negative effects of overpopulation, including:
Inadequate housing, schools, food, hospitals and infrastructure as a whole.

Absorption of all production and development revenues, which in turn affects the decline in national income and the low standard of living.

The most populous country in the world

China

The total population of China, which is the most populous country in the world, reached 1.2 billion as of mid-February of 1995. At the end of 1997, its total population reached 1.236 billion and occupies about 22 percent of the world's total population.  As of November 2010, the number of Chinese reached 1,339,724,852, and they constitute 19.17% of the total world population.
https://youtu.be/sJ72GEsvU-g

Name :Dala turki Aldosari

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NATURAL DISASTERS, Visakhapatnam Steel Plant General Hospital Road, above Tea Time, Prasanthinagar, Aganampudi, فيشاخاباتنام، أندرا براديش، الهند

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رند الشهراني

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These are  violent events that are outside control of humans
Examples
Floods wildfire Earthquakes
TYPESOF NATURAL DISASTERS
Geophysical
Hydrological
Climatological
FACTORS
Poorly constructed buildings
poor sanitation
Rapid population growth
Lack of economic safety nets
EFFECTS
Food insecurity
Financial distress
Insecurity about the future after each disaster
Health risks
CAUSES
Heavy rain fall
Broken dams
https://youtu.be/_r_nFT2m-Vg
Name: Rand Abdullah alshahrani

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Research on natural disasters Natural disasters include all kinds of bad and harsh weather, which poses a threat to human health, safety, property and vital inf

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Hind aldrees1/1

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Water scarcity threatens the health and development of communities around the globe. Climate change is intensifying the problem, pushing governments to find more innovative, collaborative ways to address water stress.
Billions of people around the world lack adequate access to water
Even in countries with adequate water resources, water scarcity is not uncommon. Although this may be due to a number of factors — collapsed infrastructure and distribution systems, contamination, conflict, or poor management of water resources — it is clear that climate change, as well as human factors, are increasingly denying children their right to safe water and sanitation

https://youtu.be/vOrjyhY7hFE

Maha turki alkhuwaytim 1-2

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Water scarcity is defined as a water deficiency or a lack of safe water supplies. As the population of the world grows and the environment becomes further affected by climate change, access to fresh drinking water dwindles.

Globally, 785 million people lack access to clean drinking water. Every day, over 800 children die from dirty water, due to diarrhoea caused by poor water, sanitation and hygiene and scarce or unreliable water and sanitation facilities in many communities around the world.

The impacts of water scarcity affect families and their communities. Without clean, easily accessible water, they can become locked in poverty for generations. Children drop out of school and parents struggle to make a living.

Women and children are worst affected - children because they are more vulnerable to diseases of dirty water and women and girls because they often bear the burden of carrying water for their families for an estimated 200 million hours each day.

Access to clean water changes everything; it’s a stepping stone to development. When people gain access to clean water, they are better able to practise good hygiene and sanitation.

Children enjoy good health and are more likely to attend school. Parents put aside their worries about water-related diseases and lack of access to clean water. Instead, they can focus on watering their crops and livestock and diversifying their incomes.
Norah Aldarwish 1/1

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Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Most people infected with the virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment. However, some will become seriously ill and require medical attention. Older people and those with underlying medical conditions like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, or cancer are more likely to develop serious illness. Anyone can get sick with COVID-19 and become seriously ill or die at any age.

The best way to prevent and slow down transmission is to be well informed about the disease and how the virus spreads. Protect yourself and others from infection by staying at least 1 metre apart from others, wearing a properly fitted mask, and washing your hands or using an alcohol-based rub frequently. Get vaccinated when it’s your turn and follow local guidance.

Dana almusharraf 1/2

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القيروان، Riyadh

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Two-thirds of people in India live in poverty: 68.8% of the Indian population lives on less than $2 a day. Over 30% even have less than $1.25 per day available - they are considered extremely poor. This makes the Indian subcontinent one of the poorest countries in the world; women and children, the weakest members of Indian society, suffer most.

India is the second most populous country after China with about 1.2 billion people and isthe seventh largest country in the world with an area of ​​3,287,000 km². The highly contrasted
hilah alfaeyz
1/1

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Traffic congestion is a condition in transport that is characterized by slower speeds, longer trip times, and increased vehicular
queueing. And it causes a lot of problems which are:
Mobility, accessibility, productivity, and also impacts on the environment such as air pollution and global warming

For example, Moscow is one of the cities that has the worst traffic jams in the world.

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Poverty is a serious social phenomenon Poverty exists in many countries, even developed countries Poverty is the inability of a person to provide the minimum living requirements or inability to provide the basic requirements of life
There are criteria for the measurement of poverty, including financial criteria that include the person’s income and expenditure The person’s income and his level of expenditure as well as the social criteria which include the costs of health care and education or the existence of poverty because of their absence.
Rand alfozan 1/1

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GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
What is Climate Change?

Climate change is a long-term change in the average weather patterns that have come to define Earth’s local, regional and global climates. These changes have a broad range of observed effects that are synonymous with the term.

Changes observed in Earth’s climate since the mid-20th century are driven by human activities, particularly fossil fuel burning, which increases heat-trapping greenhouse gas levels in Earth’s atmosphere, raising Earth’s average surface temperature. Natural processes, which have been overwhelmed by human activities, can also contribute to climate change, including internal variability (e.g., cyclical ocean patterns like El Niño, La Niña and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation) and external forcings (e.g., volcanic activity,
https://youtu.be/oJAbATJCugs

Reema saud alKhathlan
2-1

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GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
What is Climate Change?

Climate change is a long-term change in the average weather patterns that have come to define Earth’s local, regional and global climates. These changes have a broad range of observed effects that are synonymous with the term.

Changes observed in Earth’s climate since the mid-20th century are driven by human activities, particularly fossil fuel burning, which increases heat-trapping greenhouse gas levels in Earth’s atmosphere, raising Earth’s average surface temperature. Natural processes, which have been overwhelmed by human activities, can also contribute to climate change, including internal variability (e.g., cyclical ocean patterns like El Niño, La Niña and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation) and external forcings (e.g., volcanic activity, changes in the Sun’s energy output, variations in Earth’s orbit).

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Researchabout Panda

The panda bear, the panda bear belongs to the bear family, is a large animal, it can be easily identified by the dark circles around its eyes and ears and its round body, and its eyes resemble the eyes of cats and can hide in the rocks and hide from any danger, China is the main home of the animal The panda, and its thick fur, which is characterized by two colors that do not have a third, white and black

It is one of the endangered animals, it lives and breeds in mountainous areas, where its main lovable food is abundant, which is trees (bamboo), and it has four legs and thick hair, usually the length of the adult male panda is about 1.8 meters which is equivalent to ( 6 feet), females are often less in height and weight than males.

A short clip explaining information about the panda :

https://youtu.be/dqT-UlYlg1s

Done by :

1-Leena Khalid alrashed 1/1

2-yara alafari 1/1

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Amazon Jungle Palace - Paricatuba, Lago Salvador - الأمازون، البرازيل

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The Amazon rainforest in Brazil with an area of 6,000,000 square kilometers is one of the largest in the world and therefore has a fundamental role in preserving the environment and contains an amazing biodiversity, but this vegetation presents a great challenge as it is subject to constant fires that  They are produced as a result of human action or as a result of natural changes. The distances covered by the fires vary each time, but the fires that occurred in 2019 were the worst since 2010, when 7,000 square miles of forest burned, and the reason for these fires is  To human factors such as cutting trees or not paying attention to leaving fires in the camps after camping, as well as cutting down trees, and environmental factors such as global warming and climate change can lead to these fires as well.

Raghad Nasser ALoraidh
رغد ناصر العريض
1/1

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تاسمانيا، أستراليا

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Tasmania is the land where animals have been threatened the most with extinction. The rate of animals has decreased 60% , and effects of this global issue are :

1- An imbalance in the food chain

2- Decrease the Meat resources for human

3- The economy of some countries is declining

Some of Endangered animals :

1- pandas

2- The Arabian Oryx

3. Tigers

7.  Blue whales

Thin is a topic talking about endangered animals👇🏻

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwignpPfrZf6AhWShP0HHa_vC6QQFnoECA0QAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fscience%2Fendangered-species&usg=AOvVaw0Va29g78hoMH-p_l3arrKJ

Kady Ali Alomran

1/2

# data[].attributes.location_name
القيروان، الرياض

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Unemployment is an issue that affects economies worldwide. In every country the levels of unemployment differ. Governments try to reduce unemployment rate by creating more jobs locally.
Unemployment leads to many social issues such as poverty and crimes. people work to feed their families and if they do not have jobs that can help them, they might start stealing or doing illegal things like selling drugs to make money to feed their families.

turkyh alsunbul 1/2

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Climate change is a global phenomenon that largely impacts urban life. Rising global temperatures causes sea levels to rise, increases the number of extreme weather events such as droughts and storms, and increases the spread of tropical diseases, and floods for example what happened in pakistan last week.

All these have costly impacts on cities' basic services, infrastructure, housing, human livelihoods and health. At the same time, cities are a key contributor to climate change, as urban activities are major sources of greenhouse gas emissions. Estimates suggest that cities are responsible for 75 percent of global CO2 emissions, with transport and buildings being among the largest contributors.

Aljawhara Almuhanna
1/1

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A disaster is a catastrophic situation in which the daily lifestyle is suddenly affected and people suffer from its scourge and need protection, clothing, shelter, medical and social care and other essential life needs.
It is an example of it
A volcanoes is a crack in the ground and a pool emerges from it, that is the place from which hot magmatic materials with the fumes and gases associated with them come out deep in the earth’s crust and this occurs through craters or fissures.

https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/02/science/nyiragongo-volcano-eruption.html

mays Al haqbani
2/1

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Hello, today l Will tell you about (poverty) in African countries.  Poverty is the state in which an individual or society needs the necessary financial resources and foundations

and Poverty has serious effects, for example, children who grow up in a poor environment suffer from health problems continuously and frequently and the lack of safe water inside their homes, which leads to the spread of diseases.  Poverty is one of the reasons for committing crimes and the lack of security in the state.

Name: Ghalyeh sami Alaboudi

Class: 1/2

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The effect of inflation on Saudi Arabia
Inflation has a huge impact on Saudi Arabia and its population, so the poverty rate will become very high because prices have gone up dramatically. Inflation is a negative and positive effect, and the poor will face many difficulties in their housing and the prices of things related to education and even in their clothes.

https://youtu.be/beAvFHP4wDI

لولوه محمد عبدالله العواد٢/١
Lulu alawad1-2

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Natural disaster❕❕

Hi my name is sara Alateeq i will talk about (the natural disaster) It is a major devastation caused by a dangerous natural event This is one of its definitions: disaster is a catastrophic situation in which the daily lifestyle is suddenly affected and people suffer from its scourge and need protection, clothing, shelter, medical and social care and other essential life needs.

for example( Japan )is one of the countries most prone to natural accidents (earthquakes) This video shows some earthquakes https://youtu.be/DYkpa3UBOoA

Sara Alateeq1/1

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Atlanta, جورجيا، الولايات المتحدة

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Atlanta, جورجيا، الولايات المتحدة

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Atlanta, جورجيا، الولايات المتحدة

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Fresh water is an important natural resource for the survival and continuity of an ecosystem.  There are many reasons for the decline in fresh water supplies, most notably the expected increase in population, increase in life expectancy, increase in per capita water use, and the desire of many people to live in a hot area.  Climate with water resources.  Medium build.  Climate change is also changing the abundance of fresh water around the world.  In addition, sea level rise affects the subsurface water cycle of coastal areas, resulting in reduced freshwater inflows and a decrease in the proportion of freshwater areas.
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/education/freshwater/

Tala Salem

Al-Qahtani ١/١

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The word terrorism refers to intentional acts of violence in order to harm and kill innocent people, and to spread fear and panic in society, and its aim is to bring about political changes through strong attacks, as some people believe that violence can lead to a better system.

Terrorist groups have extreme zeal, and therefore they participate in multiple images of attacks that harm people and undermine their sense of security, and terrorists are the ones who carry out kidnappings, hostage-taking and bombings, and it is worth noting that they carefully plan their activities so that the number of victims is high, and terrorist organizations are brainwashing Members of the group in order not to fear death, and to have a strong sense of fighting for their right cause, and thus cause any harm to the community.

Religious terrorism is terrorism that is based on religion, and it is the rule prevalent at the present time, and to solve the problem of terrorism, we need trained human resources, and it is also necessary to change the mentality of people. They are not born terrorists, but they are born like some under the name of religion, race and nationality.

https://youtu.be/c3XzlmwYnXE

Danah al sahali 1/1

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is one of  the worst things that the human do .. it kill many and animals and fishs... some examples:
1. environmental pollution
2. water pollution
and theirs other examples..any way this the terrorism should stop because it kill our 🌍.

asma alfadli
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Wjood Alhusainy 1/1

For the past 18 months, Lebanon has been reeling from a wrenching economic crisis

Lebanon is almost three years into an economic and financial crisis that is among the worst the world has seen.

How did we get here?

By the time the crisis erupted in October 2019 First, public sector debt had reached such elevated levels that a default had become a question of when, not if

there was no president between 2014 and 2016, there were multiple and lengthy delays in cabinet formation

and the 2018 parliamentary elections took place but only after a five-year delay

What is being done?

Confronted with these traumatic shocks, the Lebanese political class has been appallingly missing in action.

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Poverty is a very complicated issue, but feeding a child isn't.

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Today, most of the Syrian people live in poverty, according to various recent reports of the United Nations, Syria is currently one of the poorest countries in the world, with about 90 per cent of its population living below the poverty line, in addition to killing and wounding thousands of Syrians, displacing millions, and destroying entire cities and regions. And the occupation of Syrian lands by greedy regional states and terrorist organizations.

This video (below) shows part of how Syrian children suffer from poverty:

https://youtu.be/pF_9-gNxmd4

If you want to read more about poverty in Syria:

https://reliefweb.int/report/syrian-arab-republic/syria-world-attention-wanes-while-millions-slide-poverty-and-despair

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The water you drink today has likely been around in one form or another since dinosaurs roamed the Earth,, hundreds of millions of years ago.
Even in countries with adequate water resources, water scarcity is not uncommon. Although this may be due to a number of factors — collapsed infrastructure and distribution systems, contamination, conflict, or poor management of water resources — it is clear that climate change, as well as human factors, are increasingly denying children their right to safe water and sanitation.The impacts of water scarcity affect families and their communities.Without clean, easily accessible water, they can become locked in poverty for generations. Children drop
out of school and parents struggle to
make a living
https://youtu.be/9iMGFqMmUFs
Aljoory alqahtani. 1/2

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Traffic       razeen Al-bader
As we all know that crowding is an annoying thing but unfortunately it's spread all over the world and also in our city ( Riyadh ) for example We need to go to a place that is not about 10 minutes away from our point but we reach to it in 30 minutes and this is really annoying thing and may cause like a collision and there are also pregnant women need to arrive early they are in pain and the road must be empty so that they can arrive on time, crowding is a bad thing, and there are those who be late for their work because of some people who are cold and won't move fast

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Traffic congestion occurs as a result of many reasons, including: a steady increase in the number of vehicles as a result of the increase in the population, the narrowness of streets and the weakness of their infrastructure, and the increase in the number of traffic lights instead of alternative roads and bridges that prevent congestion, including emergency reasons that occur due to the breakdown of vehicles in the streets while walking.

Anfal Khaled Alashhab 1/1

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Traffic congestion occurs as a result of many reasons, including: a steady increase in the number of vehicles as a result of the increase in the population, the narrowness of streets and the weakness of their infrastructure, and the increase in the number of traffic lights instead of alternative roads and bridges that prevent congestion, including emergency reasons that occur due to the breakdown of vehicles in the streets while walking.