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Massachusetts Law "Old Deluder Satan Act"

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Massachusetts Law "Old Deluder Satan Act"

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In 1642 Massachusetts had required parents to ensure their children's ability to read, and five years later, in this act, the state mandated community schooling. The Old Deluder Act was a piece of legislation written into the Records of the Governor and Company of the Massachusetts Bay in New England in 1647. As explained by Mass Moments, the Act required any Massachusetts town with more than 50 households to appoint a town teacher. Towns with more than 100 households were required to set up a grammar school for the town’s children.

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In 1698, Phillips Episcopal Church Parsonage Provincial Library in Charleston, South Carolina, was the first public library founded.

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In colonial America education included many types of learning, with little emphasis placed on formal schooling. Parents were more involved in their children’s learning than the government was, and schools received support from a great variety of places but were not accessible to all. Since the population of colonial America, especially south of New England, was widely scattered, the organization of a formal school system was also geographically demanding. Colonial education encompassed nearly every aspect of colonial society: families, communities, public and private schools, literary societies, churches, individual schoolteachers and tutors, missionary and philanthropic associations, and places of employment, including the household. Formal schooling existed primarily for wealthy males of European descent.

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The Academy and College of Philadelphia (1749-1791) was a boys' school and men's college in Philadelphia, Colony of Pennsylvania. It was founded in 1749 by a group of local nobles that included Benjamin Franklin. The academy taught reading, writing, and arithmetic to both paying and charity students.

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(1787) The Northwest Land Ordinance of 1787 created an orderly system of dividing land plots into states and territories. The act promoted education in each town by setting aside money and land for a school building!

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1821
The school was founded by Emma Hart Willard in Troy, New York, in 1821. It was the first American educational institution to provide young women with an education comparable to that of college-educated young men. At the time of the seminary's founding, women were barred from colleges.

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Boston, Massachusetts in 1821

Thursday, May 25 — The first public high school in the U.S. was organized this month in 1820. The English Classical School opened in 1821 with 101 male students in Boston, which also was the seat for America’s first high school of any kind, the Boston Latin Grammar School.

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1837
Known as the “father of American education,” Horace Mann (1796–1859), a major force behind establishing unified school systems, worked to establish a varied curriculum that excluded sectarian instruction. His vision of public education was a precursor to the Supreme Court’s eventual interpretation of the establishment clause and church-state separation principles in public schools.
Mann attended Brown University and the Litchfield Law School in Connecticut. After graduation, he built a successful legal career and was subsequently elected to the state house in 1827 and the state senate in 1833. In 1837 Mann played a key role in establishing the Massachusetts State Board of Education, and he went on to become the board’s first secretary of education.

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Margarethe Schurz had a three-year-old daughter Agathe, and she started a kindergarten in her home for her daughter and four cousins, conducting classes in German. Soon others wanted the same for their children, so she expanded and moved her kindergarten to a small building in town (They moved to Milwaukee). This building housed the first kindergarten in the US, and It was a one room-school house.

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The Department of Education was Established

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The Department of Education was Established

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1867
It was seen as a way to collect information and statistics about the nation's schools and provide advice to schools.
President Andrew Johnson signed this legislation.

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National Parent Teacher Association (PTA)

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National Parent Teacher Association (PTA)

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1897
PTA is a network of families, students, teachers, administrators, community leaders devoted to the educational success of children and the promotion of family engagement in schools.

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1904
Mary McLeod Bethune was a passionate educator and presidential advisor. She was one of the earliest black female activists within the civil rights movement. W.E.B DuBois believed that full equal rights for African Americans would help in advocating a broad liberal arts education at the college level.

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1859-1952 John Dewey The Father of Modern Education

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1859-1952 John Dewey The Father of Modern Education

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his ideas have been influential in education and social reform. He was one of the most prominent American scholars in the first half of the twentieth century.

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1950's Junior High and Middle Schools formed

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1950's Junior High and Middle Schools formed

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The first Junior High was in Ohio in 1909. BY 1960 four out of five schools had a junior high.The first middle school in America opened in Bay City, Michigan, in 1950.

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1950s : Benjamin Bloom & Tyler Ralph influence instruction                                                             Bloom’s Taxonomy is a classification system used to define and distinguish different levels of human cognition—i.e., thinking, learning, and understanding. 

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1950s : Benjamin Bloom & Tyler Ralph influence instruction                                                             Bloom’s Taxonomy is a classification system used to define and distinguish different levels of human cognition—i.e., thinking, learning, and understanding. 

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Tyler Ralph: publishing it in 1949, under the title Basic Principles of Curriculumand Instruction. In the rationale, Tyler conceived of school action as moving across a continuum of concerns that speaks to school purposes, the organization of experiences and the evaluation of experiences. His basic questions are now famous:

1. What educational purposes should the school seek to attain?

2. What educational experiences can be provided that are likely to attain these purposes?

3. How can these educational experiences be effectively organized?

4. How can we determine whether these purposes are being attained?

Read more: Ralph W. Tyler (1902–1994) - Contribution to Testing and Curriculum Development, Advisory Role - School, Educational, University, and Education - StateUniversity.com https://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/2517/Tyler-Ralph-W-1902-1994.html#ixzz7egT0t6pC

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Shown in the photo from left to right is Linda Brown, her mother, her little sister, and her father (Oliver Brown)

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1954
In the case that would become most famous, a plaintiff named Oliver Brown filed a class-action suit against the Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, in 1951, after his daughter, Linda Brown, was denied entrance to Topeka's all-white elementary schools.
Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) was a landmark case in the Supreme Court in which the justices ruled unanimously that the segregation of public schools, and state laws to support segregation, were unconstitutional. The case is one of the major foundations of the American civil rights movement and an important moment in the history of public education in the United States.

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THE VOCATIONAL EDUCATION ACT OF 1963 WAS ENACTED BY CONGRESS TO OFFER NEW AND EXPANDED VOCATIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS TO BRING JOB TRAINING INTO HARMONY WITH THE INDUSTRIAL, ECONOMIC, AND SOCIAL REALITIES OF TODAY AND THE NEEDS FOR TOMORROW. THE ACT IS COMPREHENSIVE. IT IS AVAILABLE TO AND CONCERNED ABOUT UNEMPLOYED AND EMPLOYED WORKERS OF ALL AGES AT ALL LEVELS FOR ALL FIELDS IN BOTH RURAL AND URBAN AREAS.

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The civil rights Act of 1964 signed into law by President Lyndon Johnson on July 2, 1964, prohibited discrimination in public places, provided for the integration of schools and other public facilities, and made employment discrimination illegal. It was the most sweeping civil rights legislation since Reconstruction.

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The civil rights Act of 1964 signed into law by President Lyndon Johnson on July 2, 1964, prohibited discrimination in public places, provided for the integration of schools and other public facilities, and made employment discrimination illegal. It was the most sweeping civil rights legislation since Reconstruction.

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The Elementary and Secondary Education Act brought education into the forefront of the national assault on poverty and represented a landmark commitment to equal access to quality education.

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This provided federal grants to school districts for the purpose of establishing educational programs for children with limited English-speaking ability.

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Montessori is a method of education based on self-directed activity, hands-on learning, and collaborative play. In Montessori classrooms, children make creative choices in their learning, while the classroom and the highly trained teacher offer age-appropriate activities to guide the process.

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Title IX Education for All Handicap Act 1975

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Title IX Education for All Handicap Act 1975

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Title IX prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance

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PL 94-142 Education for All Handicap Act 1975

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PL 94-142 Education for All Handicap Act 1975

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The law requires all schools receiving federal funding to provide for handicapped students by accommodating their special needs and providing them with fair and equal access to education.

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1983

The 1983 publication of A Nation at Risk: The Imperative for Educational Reform (ANAR) by the National Commission on Excellence in Education (NCEE) catapulted the issue of educational reform into the public sphere. Not since the Soviet launching of Sputnik in the late 1950s has the topic of educational reform figured so prominently in American public discourse. This report was considered the spark that fueled educational reform policy, corporate involvement, gubernatorial attention, and legislative action culminating in the passage of Goals 2000 in 1994. Because of the prominence and acclaim accorded ANAR, it is an essential document to examine in understanding the communication of educational reform. This essay is a critical review of the discourse about educational reform as presented in the scholarly and professional literature published about ANAR during the period from the creation of the NCEE to the passage of Goals 2000. We categorize, describe, and synthesize the academic articles written about ANAR as well as comment on the overall rhetoric of educational reform associated with the report. As a prelude to the review, we provide an overview of the context and climate surrounding the creation of the NCEE and the emergence of the report.

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2010
Set of academic standards for what students are expected to learn based on their grade levels. The Common Core State Standards are a new set of academic standards adopted by 43 states . The standards are meant to prepare students for college and careers and to make the US more competitive academically.

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“21st century skills are tools that can be universally applied to enhance ways of thinking, learning, working and living in the world. The skills include critical thinking/reasoning, creativity/creative thinking, problem solving, metacognition, collaboration, communication and global citizenship. 21st century skills also include literacies such as reading literacy, writing literacy, numeracy, information literacy, ICT [information and communications technologies] digital literacy, communication and can be described broadly as learning domains.”