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Also called “layer cake” federalism, this method involved strict separation of powers between the states and the national government.

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the powers given specifically to the national government by the U.S. Constitution; also known as enumerated or delegated powers

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Trade that takes place between two states or among several states.

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(1933–1960): The national and state governments shared more powers and worked together. One

Difference from dual federalism was that the national government provided grants-in-aid to state and local governments for specific

programs.

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a federal system with considerable sharing of powers among national, state, and local governments; also known as “marble cake” federalism

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a federal system with considerable sharing of powers among national, state, and local governments; also known as “marble cake” federalism

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The national and state governments continued to share powers. The national government continued

To provide funds to state governments but outlined strict regulations for how the money could be spent. These regulations were

sometimes unfunded mandates, meaning they came without adequate funding.

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Trade that takes place within the borders of a state.

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powers of the national government are few and defined and powers of the state are numerous and indefinite

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a federal system guided by a policy of returning power to the state and local governments; block grants are a key element of new federalism

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National and state governments shared less powers. National governments provided funds to the states, but said they must solve try and solve their own problems

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a federal system guided by a policy of returning power to the state and local governments; block grants are a key element of new federalism

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Nixon and Reagan saw this happening, a sort of "devolution" of the systems. Tried to shift power back to the states. Picked up in 1994, overhauled by congress with welfare systems. Block grants became a thing.

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Funds given by the federal government to states to use without spending limits

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59 member senate and 118 member house of reps, 2 year terms are served

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This assembly is made up of a 59-member senate and a 118 member house of representatives. Each 2-year term of the general assembly is numbered.

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The leader of the House is called the Speaker of the House. The Speaker is the elected by all the members of the House. The majority party caucus determines who they will nominate for Speaker. Thus, the control of the House is usually in the hands of the majority party.

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consists of a 59 member senate and 118 member house of representatives

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Made up of a 59 member senate and 118 member house of representatives.

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This power is currently exercised by the Joint Committee on Administrative Rules (JCAR). JCAR is made up of 12 members, with equal numbers from the House and Senate and equal numbers from each political party.

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Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, Secretary of State, Comptroller and Treasurer

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Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, Secretary of State, Comptroller and Treasurer elected by the electors of the State, keep the public records and maintain a residence at the seat of government during their terms of office

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Positions include a governor, lieutenant governor, attorney general, secretary of state, comptroller and treasurer elected by the state

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implement and enforce the laws written by Congress, and appoint the heads of the federal agencies, including the cabinet

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Consists of Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, Secretary of State, Comptroller and Treasurer. These are elected by electors of the state.

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governors are usually the best-known public officials in their state. In all states, governors are elected by popular vote. Almost all serve four-year terms.

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Sycamore