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Other Disorders that are Related to Dyslexia.

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Other Disorders that are Related to Dyslexia.

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Dyslexia affects more than just the Cognitive function since it can be a very draining feat. Dyslexia often also affects more than just reading and writing, it can also affect students in math! So many students who have or experience symptoms of Dyslexia often also experience the following disorders:
- ADD/ADHD
- Dysgraphia
- Dyscalculia
- Oral Language
- Executive Functioning Skills

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Here is a Video going over some of the Strong Emotions that Dyslexia may Cause!

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Here is a Video going over some of the Strong Emotions that Dyslexia may Cause!

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This is a great source for future educators to be able to go to and watch for behavioral issues to look out for in students who may or may have suspected dyslexia.

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Blog Post about Dyslexia and the Behavior Issues/Functions that may Accompany.

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Blog Post about Dyslexia and the Behavior Issues/Functions that may Accompany.

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Have you ever been put on the spot to read a passage that either you are unfamiliar with, beyond your reading level, or you may just have no idea how to connect your own thoughts to the text? This can be extremely upsetting, disheartening, and frustrating for anyone. However, these may not be the first feelings that you relate reading to in your own personal life. Many students with Dyslexia do experience these feelings and feel very negatively about both reading and writing. Since students with dyslexia are either missing or lacking in a certain part of their cognitive function they are unable to view reading as other students without dyslexia. Listed below are a few different behavioral issues that are directly related to students with Dyslexia:
- Avoidance
- Resignation
- Acting Out
It is important to still encourage students with dyslexia, but it is also to see their feelings that they may associate with reading from their perspective.

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Cognitive Factors that Affect Reading Comprehension Video.

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Cognitive Factors that Affect Reading Comprehension Video.

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As previously discussed many cognitive factors such as comprehension, metacognition, fluency, and decoding are responsible for reading and writing development. However, in many cases, people forget that not only do Dyslexia or Cognitive Functioning issues affect reading and writing as we know it, but it largely affects the way we are able to comprehend text. Comprehension is an extremely large part of reading and writing that is often overlooked or not grouped together as one, so it is important to look out for comprehension factors that may go unnoticed.

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Reading comprehension is a cognitive process that requires myriad skills and strategies. Numerous programs are designed to improve reading comprehension: summer reading, read to succeed, student book clubs and battle of the books. However, according to the U.S. Department of Education, millions of students progress each year without the necessary reading skills. Reading comprehension involves various factors such as background knowledge, vocabulary and fluency, active reading skills and critical thinking that must work together.

Background Knowledge

Background knowledge plays an essential role in reading comprehension. In an effort to comprehend a text, students rely on their background knowledge to link what they already know to the text they are reading. Background knowledge includes both a reader's real-world experiences and literary knowledge. Drawing parallels between background knowledge and texts helps students become active readers, improving their reading comprehension.

Vocabulary

Whether or not students have mastered vocabulary skills affects their reading comprehension. Students must be able to comprehend a familiar word and its relationship with other words within a text. Mastering vocabulary includes recognizing a word's part of speech, definition, useful context clues, and how it functions in a sentence. These vocabulary strategies can help improve comprehension.

Reading with fluency allows students to retain information with accuracy, expression and increased speed. The ability to read fluently develops through reading practice. As students become fluent readers, they will spend less time trying to decipher the meaning of words and more time considering the overall meaning of the sentences. Over time, fluent readers will develop the ability to insightfully respond to a text.

Active Reading

Beginning readers often rely on skilled readers to guide them through a text. However, as readers develop, they will be able to monitor their own reading comprehension. Students can actively guide their own reading by targeting comprehension problems as they occur. Students can troubleshoot comprehension problems by recalling what they read, asking themselves questions or evaluating the text.

Critical Thinking

Students can actively respond to a text more efficiently when they possess critical thinking skills. As students read, they can determine the main idea and supporting details, the sequence of events and the overall structure of the text. Students will also be able to identify literary devices and their effect on the text. Having critical thinking skills help to deepen a student's comprehension of a text, resulting in a positive reading experience.

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Cognitive Factors That Affect Reading Comprehension

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Cognitive Factors That Affect Reading Comprehension. Reading comprehension is a cognitive process that requires myriad skills and strategies. Numerous programs are designed to improve reading comprehension: summer reading, read to succeed, student book clubs and battle of the books. However, according to the U.S. ...

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Visual Representation of the Phonological Process and what Students with Dyslexia Encounter. 

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Visual Representation of the Phonological Process and what Students with Dyslexia Encounter. 

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This is from a Speech Therapist who helps students verbally work out different Phonological Processing word problems.

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How can lacking in a Certain Area of Cognitive Function Affect other areas of Reading and Writing Development? 

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How can lacking in a Certain Area of Cognitive Function Affect other areas of Reading and Writing Development? 

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Brant Hayenga, Educational Diagnostician, and Dr. Mary Loescher, Clinical/School Psychologist in an interview for LINCS agreed that a major cognitive function component prevalent in many students with dyslexia is that Phonological processing is a HUGE underlying issue. This also indicates that even if a student is lacking in one of the four categories of comprehension, metacognition, fluency, or decoding, the most prevalent source of lack is in the Phonological processing area. This area is where students can distinguish between what sounds come first, the order of syntax, and general reading and writing fluency within the Cognitive Function.

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Aspects of Cognitive Function that Directly Influence Reading and Writing

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Aspects of Cognitive Function that Directly Influence Reading and Writing

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Some of the cognitive aspects that affect reading and writing are as follows:
- Comprehension
- Metacognition
- Fluency
- Decoding
This simply means that these four components work together to form words, distinguish sounds/letters, and general comprehension. When someone lacks one of these key areas their brain cannot function as quickly and comprehend texts or language in a high performance way.