# data[].attributes.headline
Why did I picked these people and events:

# data[].attributes.subject
Why did I picked these people and events:

# data[].attributes.body
I picked these events based on their continuity and relevance in modern society as a Gen Z individual. I stuck to the theme of feminism and universal rights as which is a common conversation had by my generation. Therefore, feminism, humanitarianism, and gay rights are all addressed within my padlet. There is also a large personal aspect to this decision.

Sticking to a theme I picked three individuals who I consider the most important feminist icons to the modern woman: Gloria Steinem, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, and Malala Yousafzai

I picked events that I consider brought about the most dynamic social, political, and economic changes which created the foundation for the modern person: The Enlightenment, Advancements in Reproductive Rights, and the Gay Rights Movement

Master Doc: APWH Podium assignment.docx

# data[].attributes.body
The Gay Rights Movement in the US as well as some other progressive countries has seen considerable progress in the last century, especially the last two decades. Anti-gay laws were deconstructed and LGBT+ individuals are now able to express themselves without legal repercussions. Same-sex marriage, gender affirmation, and universal military service has been a few of the rights granted to the LGBT+ community. Gay people have historically faced much oppression in all parts of the world, for example, during WWII, homosexual men in concentration camps were branded with pink triangles (also given to sexual predators). Pro-gay magazines and organizations who advocated for sexual awareness were raided or disbanded due to violent action taken against them. However, in the early 1960s, the LGBT+ movement made early progress by effectively decriminalizing homosexuality in Illinois and the coining of the term ‘transgender’. This made Americans conscious of different sexual and romantic orientations but despite this progress, LGBT individuals remained in an urban subculture and were routinely subjected to harassment and persecution in public establishments. Later in the 1970s, increased visibility and activism of the LGBT+ community helped the movement make progress on multiple fronts, several openly gay individuals. The movement gained traction as openly LGBT+ politicians took office and anti-sodomy laws were removed. The most significant renowned development was the recognition of gay marriage by the Supreme Court in June 2015. Many people today can openly express themselves and receive the quality they deserve, despite persisting homophobia, there is strong advocation for employment, housing and transgender rights.

# data[].attributes.body
The overturn of Roe v. Wade is the enshrinement of a growing conservative agenda and party sympathies which postpone the achievement of universal healthcare and equality. Roe v. Wade granted the constitutional right to abortion through the right to privacy implied in the14th Amendment but is largely controlled different at every level. National legalization, however, serves a significant purpose in the battle for women’s rights as an incentive. Roe v. Wade also served as a foundation to improve disproportionate access to reproductive health services for American women. The right to safe abortion has always been a point of controversy as it is highly criminalized, connected to stigma, and other interpersonal beliefs. However, after its overturn, the advancement of safe birth control methods such as the pill and other alternatives remain paramount to women’s healthcare. The legalization of abortions and other birth control methods allowed women gave them jurisdiction over their bodies and access to safe procedures. This is significant because despite being illegal, the procedure is still performed in unsafe conditions that may have downstream health defects later. Statistically, 1 in 4 pregnancies end in abortion every year and it this does not include only cisgender women. The ongoing fight for reproductive rights is prominent in many countries, both developed and undeveloped. It is the most common and relevant conversation of the country to this generation.

# data[].attributes.body
The Enlightenment’s emphasis on reasons shaped philosophical, political, scientific, and social discourse across the course of two centuries and its effects could still be traced to the modern era.  Philosophers such as John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, and many others could be attributed to its global impact. Centuries of custom and tradition were replaced in favor of exploration, individualism, tolerance and scientific endeavor, which in tandem with simultaneous developments oof industry and politics precluded the ‘modern world’. Ideals such as natural law, liberty, progress, toleration, fraternity, constitutional government, and separation of church and state. These ideals are directly responsible for the motivations associated with many revolutions and movements such as the French Revolution, Haitian Revolution, Women’s Rights Movement, and Abolitionist Movement. All of which successfully applied these ideals to preserve oppressed group’s individualism. For example, Haiti, a former slave colony, gained independence from the French government on their own. It is also the only modern state to do so. On top of these movements many legislative actions took place to solidify their demands such as the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. In the end, this ideology and the events that followed had many downstream effects that are still relevant today with the creation of bills, rights, and states.

# data[].attributes.body
Malala Yousafzai is a Pakistani educational activist who was awarded the 2014 Nobel Peace Prize at the age of 17. She is the world’s youngest and the second Pakistani recipient. She also won other accolades, and several funds and education initiatives were established in her honor. Major developments have been made towards increasing education at all levels, enrollment rates, particularly for girls, due to her efforts. She is a UN advocate who had aided in the development of sustainable development goals regarding inclusive and quality education for all and promoting lifelong learning. The targets for this goal include eliminating gender disparities in education by 2030. She had achieved this through her blogging of the increasing military presence within her community under a pseudonym. Upon being found out she continued to speak out for educational rights. In 2012 while she was returning from school, she had been attacked by the Taliban which had motivated 2 million Pakistanis to sign an educational petition. Due to these developments, the presence of the National Assembly and general will of the population lead to the ratification of Pakistan's first Right to Free and Compulsory Education Bill. The following year, she founded the Malala Fund which brought awareness to the social and economic impact of girls’ education as well as empowering them to demand equality reform. She is an international icon for universal education and equality across multiple sectors of the world who are facing this ongoing oppression.

# data[].attributes.body
Ruth Bader Ginsburg was an American lawyer and jurist who served on the Supreme Court from 1993 to her death in 2020. She had inspired many generations of women to achieve gender equality and break existing barriers that postponed progressive movements. She became the second woman and first Jewish woman to ever serve on the Supreme Court as well. However, before her nomination as a justice, she had achieved many amazing feats throughout her career, such as winning 5 out of the 6 cases she presented before the Supreme Court. In 1993 she accepted the court nomination from President Bill Clinton. During her tenure, she advocated for equality and women’s rights on a national judicial level. Some of her achievements include wtriting the court’s opinion in the US v. Virginia case, ruling that qualified women could not be denied admission to their military institute. She also assumed the voice of dissent to the court's decision in the Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire case which denied a woman’s gender pay discrimination claim. Following this, she was also a notable contributor to the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act along with President Obama in 2009. Despite being 87 years old, RBG continued to work to combat gender disparities and advocated for other gender related issues such as the prohibition of same-sex marriage. She has become a significant pop-icon for many generations and her legacy continues in the passions of those who succeed her.

# data[].attributes.body
Gloria Steinem is an acclaimed American journalist and social-political activist who had emerged as a national leader for the second-wave feminist movement. She is one of the most visible women's rights leaders in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, writing multiple articles and books, performing lectures, and starting many organizations. She formed the National Women’s Political Caucus along with feminists, Bella Abzug, Shirley Chisholm, and Betty Freidan. To this day, it continues to support gender equality and ensure the election of more pro-equality women to positions of authority. Other organizations she co-founded include: Women’s Action Alliance (1971), which promotes non-sexist, multi-racial children’s education; the Women’s Media Center (2004) to promote positive images of women in media; Voters for Choice (1977), a prochoice political action committee; and the Ms. Foundation for Women. As an award-winning writer and prolific icon, her work is globally recognized and reprinted in numerous anthologies and textbooks. She received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian honor, in 2013 from former President Obama. In 2017, Rutgers University created The Gloria Steinem Endowed Chair in Media, Culture, and Feminist Studies.