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What is indirect speech or reported speech?

When we tell people what another person said or thought, we often use reported speech or indirect speech. To do that, we need to change verb tenses (present, past, etc.) and pronouns ( I, you, my, your, etc.) if the time and speaker are different. For example, present tenses become past, I becomes he or she, and my becomes his or her, etc.

Omission of that

We often leave out that after reporting verbs like say, think, etc.

The most common verbs we use in reported speech are say and tell. We must pay attention here. We say tell somebody something, and say something (to somebody).

Tense changes in indirect speech

When a person said something in the past and now we tell somebody what that person said, the time is different, and for this reason, the verb tenses change. Look at a summary of these changes.

Changes in expressions

There are adverbs or expressions of time and place that change when we report what someone said. Here you have a list.

Questions in indirect speech

We use the normal order of words in reported questions, i.e. the subject comes before the verb, and it is not necessary to use do or did.

Imperatives in indirect speech

When we report an order or instruction, we use the form ask or tell someone to do something.

Pronoun changes in indirect speech

In reported or indirect speech we must also pay attention to the use of pronouns. When a person tells us something, he or she uses the first person ( I, me, my, we, us, our) to talk about himself or herself and the second person ( you, your) to talk about us, the person listening. But when we tell someone else what that person said, we are going to use the third person ( he, she, his, her, etc.) to talk about the speaker and the first person ( I, me, my) to talk about ourselves, the listener.

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Indirect speech - reported speech - Test-English

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Reported speech - indirect speech. Reporting statements, questions and commands. Reporting verbs. English intermediate grammar exercises.

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Can you use REPORTED SPEECH? Grammar Lesson + Examples

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Reported speech exercises. Reported statements in English. Direct and indirect speech exercises for esl.

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What is reported speech or indirect speech?

When we tell people what another person said or thought, we often use reported speech or indirect speech. To do that, we need to change verb tenses (present, past, etc.) and pronouns ( I, you, my, your, etc.) if the time and speaker are different.

Omission of that

We often leave out that after reporting verbs like say, think, etc.

The most common verbs we use in reported speech are say and tell. We must pay attention here. We say tell somebody something and say something (to somebody).

They said me (that) they would help me.

They told me (that) they would help me.

He told (that) he didn't have a car.

He said (that) he didn't have a car.

Tense changes in reported speech

When a person said something in the past, and now we tell somebody what that person said, the time is different, and for this reason, the verb tenses change. Look at a summary of these changes.

Pronoun changes in reported speech

In reported or indirect speech, we must also pay attention to the use of pronouns. When a person tells us something, he or she uses the first person ( I, me, my, we, us, our) to talk about himself or herself and the second person ( you, your) to talk about us, the person listening. But when we tell someone else what that person said, we are going to use the third person ( he, she, his, her, etc.) to talk about the speaker and the first person ( I, me, my) to talk about ourselves, the listener.

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Reported speech - indirect speech - Test-English

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Reported speech - or indirect speech. We use reported speech to tell somebody what somebody else said. A2. Pre-intermediate English grammar and exercises.

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REPORTED SPEECH | INDIRECT SPEECH | DIRECT SPEECH - statements, questions, commands

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Zero conditional exercises. Elementary and intermediate level esl exercises. Learn conditional tenses in English online

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Exercises - relative pronouns

1. Who, which, where - exercises

2. Who, which, where: quiz 1

3. Test 1: who, which, where.

4. Write: who, which or where.

5. That, who, which, where - exercises

6. Who, whose, which - test 1

7. Who, whose, which - test 2

8. That, who, whose, which, where: quiz 2

9. Test 2: that, who, whose, which, where

10. Test 3: that, who, whose, which, where.

11. Test 4: that, who, whose, which, where.

12. Relative pronouns 1

13. Relative pronouns 2

14. Who / which / whose - pronouns

relative clauses- intermediate -

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Exercises: relative pronouns and relative clauses in English. Adjective clauses

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Passive voice exercises: elementary and intermediate level esl. Interactive exercises. Verbs exercises online for esl

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Exercises Explanation Downloads

Clauses of contrast and purpose

Exercise 1

Choose the correct option to complete the sentences below.

Clauses of contrast and purpose - Grammar chart

Clauses of contrast

Although, even though

We can use although/ even though at the beginning or in the middle of a sentence followed by a clause (subject + verb). We NEVER use a comma after although or event though.

However

We use however to connect two different sentences. We normally use however after a full stop (.) or a semi-colon (;). However should ALWAYS be followed by a comma.

Despite/in spite of

Despite and in spite of are normally followed by a noun or a - ing verb. They can go at the beginning or in the middle of the sentence.

We can use a clause (subject + verb) after despite/ in spite of + the fact that.

We went out despite /In spite of the fact that it was raining.

Clauses of purpose

To + infinitive

The most common way to express purpose in English is to + infinitive.

In order to/so as to + infinitive

In order to or so as to + infinitive are more common in formal English, mainly in writing. The negative forms are in order not to and so as not to + infinitive.

We were asked to stay in order to finish the project.

He left home early in order not to be late.

So that + clause

We can also use so that + subject + verb to express purpose. We normally use a modal verb with this connector. ( could, can, would, etc.)

For + noun

We can also use for + noun to express purpose.

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Clauses of contrast and purpose - Test-English

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Clauses contrast purpose. English grammar practice exercises. Multiple-choice and gap-filling exercises on clauses of contrast and purpose.

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BECAUSE | AS | SINCE | FOR - English grammar

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How to express purpose in English. Clauses of purpose.

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Types of sentence structures | Simple, Compound, Complex & Compound-complex

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Exercises: basic conjunctions

1. Conjunctions: and / but / or / so

2. And, because, but, or, so - exercises

3. So / because - exercises

4. And, so, but, because

5. But, because, so, and, or

6. And, but, or - conjunctions

7. Conjunctions in sentences 1

8. Conjunctions in sentences 2

9. And, but, or, so, because

10. Since, although, because

11. Coordinating conjunctions - tests

12. Basic subordinating conjunctions

13. Connecting words of time

14. However, although, because, so

more exercises -

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Conjunctions in English - grammar exercises. Connectors and linking words exercises. Connectives. Coordinating and subordinating conjunctions.

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Woodward English - Learning English - Teaching English

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The difference between SAY and TELL in English

Let's look at each verb in more detail...

SAY

Say = to express something in words.
You say SOMETHING

Say is an irregular verb:

Infinitive: to say
Present tense: say / says (Be careful with the pronunciation of says: /sez/)
Past tense: said
Past participle: said
Present participle: saying

For example

He said something ... hello is that "something"

NOTE: You cannot say: He said me hello. (NOT correct)

Say does not have an object pronoun directly after it (me, him, her, us, etc.)
You can say something (to someone)
Example Sentences with SAY
Remember, it is SAY + SOMETHING

How do you say 'chicken' in Spanish?

I said goodbye to him.

We didn't say anything.

Cecilia was saying the same thing.

They didn't say what was wrong

TELL

You tell SOMEONE (something)

Tell is an irregular verb:

Infinitive: to tell
Present tense: tell / tells
Past tense: told
Past participle: told
Present participle: telling

Look at this sentence.

He did not say his name to a specific person. We do not know who the listener is.
What if he is talking to me?

We cannot say: He said me his name. (This is NOT correct)

You TELL someone something. So it becomes:

Let's look at some example sentences:

Did you notice how there is a verb instead of a thing in the last sentence?

You tell SOMEONE to do something.
(The second verb is in the infinitive .... TO + verb)

This is usually a command or for instructions. For example:

Tell can be used with wh-words ( where, whn, what, also how)
The order is...
Tell + someone + (where/when etc.) + verb

Tell can be used with or without an object pronoun in the following cases:
- Tell + the truth - Tell + a lie (lies) - Tell + a joke - Tell + a story

I'm going to tell you a story about trolls.

I'm going to tell a story about trolls.

I'm going to say a story. (NOT correct)

Said or Told?

Compare these two sentences:

In the first sentence we don't specify exactly WHO he was talking to. He just said something. The listener is not important.
In the second sentence we specify that he said this to ME, so we need the verb TOLD. The listener is specified.

Say vs. Tell Exercises

Complete these sentences with SAID or TOLD:

1. Julie _____ me that she has a new job.

2. Julie _____ that she has a new job.

3. We _____ we were going to be late.

4. I think he has just _____ a lie.

5. Our boss _____ us to work from home.

6. They _____ that they were busy.

The answers appear in the video at the top of this lesson.

I hope you found this lesson about the difference between SAY and TELL useful.

Say vs. Tell Summary Chart

Back to: English Course > Past Tense in English

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Say vs. Tell - Said vs. Told Woodward English

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The difference between SAY and TELL (SAID and TOLD) in English with examples sentences and a video with pronunciation.

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Say vs Tell – Grammar Shorts - Test-English

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Learn the difference between ‘say’ and ‘tell’ and how to use them correctly with our short grammar lesson with a grammar chart and an exercise

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Participle adjectives -ed /-ing - exercises. Intermediate level esl. Interactive English grammar exercises.

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29. Mystery Story / Narrative Tenses in English

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Learn narrative tenses in English with a short mystery story. [ DOWNLOAD THIS EPISODE] [ LISTEN TO PART 2] [ FREE AUDIOBOOK OFFER] This podcast is about narrative tenses (past simple, past continuous & past perfect - see details below). We use these tenses to sequence stories about the past.

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Exercise about using gradable and ungradable adjectives.

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BASICS: adjectives, comparatives, superlatives PLUS TEST | adjectives in English grammar

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Comparison : comparative and superlative exercises

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Comparative and superlative exercises. Positive, comparative and superlative adjectives. Comparison : lower intermediate level exercises. Esl exercises

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Past simple and past continuous exercises.

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Past simple or past continuous exercises. Past simple and past continuous grammar exercises. Learning English.

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Past simple exercises - regular verbs elementary level esl. Beginners exercises

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50 Irregular Past Tense Verbs In English

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REGULAR VERBS PRONUNCIATION  (23 06 2013)

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Regular Past Tense Verbs | Simple Past Tense Rules, Examples, And Pronunciation Practice

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Phrasal verbs exercises - intermediate level esl

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Phrasal verbs exercises online. Common phrasal verbs in English intermediate level esl.

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Listen to Listening Time: English Practice on Spotify. This podcast is for English learners who want to practice their listening comprehension in a natural way. In each episode, an American speaker talks about different topics without reading a script.

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Phrasal verbs: transitive and intransitive, separable and inseparable

Phrasal verbs consist of a verb + a preposition or an adverb. When we add the preposition or the adverb to the verb, the original meaning of the verb changes. The adverb or preposition that we add to the verb is called the ' particle'. Verb + particle = phrasal verb.

Some phrasal verbs consist of a verb + two particles; for example:

Transitive and intransitive verbs

Transitive verbs are verbs that need an object. The object is the receiver of the action, and it goes after the verb. For example, in the sentence "I bought a T-shirt", the verb is "buy", and "a T-shirt" is the object because it tells us what was bought. If you use a transitive verb without an object, the verb does not make sense because it needs an object; for example:

Intransitive verbs, on the other hand, are verbs that do not have an object. They describe an action or occurrence that does not involve a direct object. Here are a few examples of intransitive verbs:

The action described by these verbs is NOT done to anything or anybody; we do NOT *sleep something; we just sleep.

Intransitive phrasal verbs - Inseparable

As we said, intransitive phrasal verbs have no object, and this means the verb and the particle are always together; they cannot be separated. For this reason, intransitive phrasal verbs are called inseparable. Here are some examples:

Transitive phrasal verbs - Separable

Transitive phrasal verbs need an object, and they can be separable or inseparable. When a phrasal verb is separable, we can use either verb + particle + object, or verb + object + particle.

We can also replace the object with a pronoun, but then the object MUST go between the verb and the particle.

Transitive phrasal verbs - Inseparable

Some other transitive phrasal verbs can NEVER be separated, even if the object is replaced by a pronoun.

Examples of each type of phrasal verb:

Intransitive phrasal verbs (Always inseparable).

Transitive separable phrasal verbs

Transitive inseparable phrasal verbs

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Phrasal verbs: transitive and intransitive, separable and inseparable - Test-English

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Learn how to use separable and inseparable phrasal verbs with our explanation, grammar chart and three exercises.

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Phrasal Verbs: Part 1 – Grammar & Verb Tenses

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Jobs, occupations and professions - exercises

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Vocabulary exercises for esl: jobs, occupations and professions in English.

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Jobs and Occupations: English Vocabulary

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Ophthalmologist, Optometrist and Optician: What is the difference?

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Ophthalmologists, optometrists, and opticians are distinct professions in the field of eye care, each with a different set of skills.

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Woodward English | Learning English - Teaching English

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Something that we are frequently asked is when do you use the verb DO and when do you use the verb MAKE.

This is understandable because in some languages they use one verb for both Do and Make (like Hacer in Spanish).
So to help students understand the difference we created the following chart as a guideline.

NEW: We have an updated version of this Do vs Make Chart which you can find on the page below.
If you check out our page about Do vs Make in English, you will find a more detailed description of the difference between Do and Make as well as many set expressions that only begin with DO and others that only begin with MAKE (which you have to learn by heart).

We have also created a game to practice the difference between Do and Make.

Teacher / Student Resource

Do you have just one verb for DO and MAKE in your language? What is it?

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Difference between DO and MAKE | Woodward English

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A chart showing the difference between Do and Make in English

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Make or do exercises - confusing verbs in English.

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Make or do exercises. Differences between make and do in English. Confused verbs

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Question tags exercises. Tag questions positive and negative forms. English grammar exercises for ESL. Free exercises by level esl

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Let's compare PAST VERB TENSES in ENGLISH    Simple / Progressive / Perfect / Perfect Progressive

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MODAL PERFECTS: Could have / Should have / Would have / Must have / May have / Might have. GRAMMAR

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Look at these examples to see how must, might, may, could, can't and couldn't are used in the past.

An earthquake? That must have been terrifying!
We don't know for sure that Alex broke the coffee table. It might have been the dog.
How did she fail that exam? She can't have studied very much.

Try this exercise to test your grammar.

Read the explanation to learn more.

Grammar explanation

We can use modal verbs for deduction - guessing if something is true using the available information. The modal verb we choose shows how certain we are about the possibility. This page focuses on making deductions about the past.

We use must have + past participle when we feel sure about what happened.

Who told the newspapers about the prime minister's plans? It must have been someone close to him.
The thief must have had a key. The door was locked and nothing was broken.
Oh, good! We've got milk. Mo must have bought some yesterday.

We can use might have or may have + past participle when we think it's possible that something happened.

I think I might have left the air conditioning on. Please can you check?
Police think the suspect may have left the country using a fake passport.

May have is more formal than might have. Could have is also possible in this context but less common.

We use can't have and couldn't have + past participle when we think it's not possible that something happened.

She can't have driven there. Her car keys are still here.
I thought I saw Adnan this morning but it couldn't have been him - he's in Greece this week.

Do this exercise to test your grammar again.

Language level

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Do you know how to use modal verbs to show how certain you are about past events? Test what you know with interactive exercises and read the explanation to help you.

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Mixed modal verbs exercises intermediate level esl. Can, could, may, might, must, have to, shall, should, will, would. Auxiliary verbs

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Past perfect continuous exercises. The past perfect progressive in English - exercises for intermediate and advanced level esl

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Learn English online with the largest online English school and learning section! Highly qualified teachers can help guide you through. For schools or individual study. Thousands of English tests and exercises. Statistics, Language Teaching tips and an English Library, TV and more. Make this part of your school website.

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Natural disasters like wildfires and heat waves seem to be occurring ever more often. Is it just a string of bad luck or has something about our planet changed? To answer that, we need to understand the difference between the planet's weather and climate.One of the important concepts in weather prediction is the Butterfly Effect, which says that small errors in our knowledge of the initial conditions can results in large errors in the predicted weather. This concept was originated by MIT scientist Ed Lorenz, considered the father of chaos theory. The Butterfly Effect has also permeated popular culture, e.g., it plays a role in the movie Jurassic Park.The role of boundary conditions in determining how climate changes is another important concept. An example of a boundary condition is the increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide over time, which was measured by the chemist Charles Keeling at Scripps Institution of Oceanography. This increase can help explain the warming seen in global temperatures over the last 150 years. CarbonBrief.org has many interesting articles relating to this warming, like the one about changes in extreme weather around the world.Additional resources on weather and climate will be made available and updated at the Educator's website.

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Is the weather actually becoming more extreme? - R. Saravanan

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From 2016 to 2019, the world saw record-breaking heat waves, rampant wildfires, and the longest run of category 5 tropical cyclones on record. The number of extreme weather events has been increasing for the last 40 years, and current predictions suggest that trend will continue.

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Past perfect exercises. Past simple and past perfect exercises for intermediate level esl. Present perfect and past perfect in English

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The 10 Weirdest Jobs in the World and What They Pay

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Writing an essay about someone’s job - Test-English

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Learn how to write an essay about someone’s job. Check our example and tips and do the exercises to improve your A2 writing skills.

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Personal Work Stories - B1 English Listening Test - Test-English

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Boost your English listening skills with this B1 intermediate comprehension test about Work. Feedback & transcription are included!

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Unusual and wonderful jobs – B1 English reading test - Test-English

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Get great reading practice with our B1 English test about jobs and work. Read a text, answer the questions, and get instant feedback!

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Work

In this intermediate vocabulary lesson, you will learn essential terms related to jobs and employment. You'll also understand the differences between the words work and job. Additionally, you'll explore various prepositions and words used with the verb work. Check the following pictures and look at the definitions and descriptions below.

Verbs

To 1 earn means to make money through work, so we go to work to earn money.

If you 2 do overtime, you work more hours than are stated in your contract. When you do overtime, you usually earn extra money.

When you 3 apply for a job, you show interest in a position by sending a potential employer your CV and, often, a letter expressing interest in the position. You may also be required to fill out a form stating your personal details and other information.

When you 4 resign from or quit a job, you leave a job, either because you've found another job or for other reasons, and when you 5 retire, you stop working altogether, usually because of old age. Most people retire when they are in their sixties.

If you 6 are or get promoted, you are given a position with more responsibility in the place or company where you are already working. So, for example, if a supervisor is promoted, they might go from being a supervisor to a manager.

If you 7 are sacked or fired from a job, you are dismissed from a job, and you no longer have that job, usually because of poor performance or because you have done something wrong. When a person is sacked, they are often forced to leave immediately.

If you are 8 in charge of or responsible for somebody or something, it means that you have authority or control over somebody or something. For example, a manager in a restaurant is in charge of the waiters and kitchen staff, and a headmaster in a school is responsible for their teachers. Also, if you are in charge of or responsible for doing something, it is your duty to do that thing.

Adjectives and nouns

A 9 full-time job is a job in which a person works for a set number of hours during the working week, often Monday through Friday for eight or so hours a day. A 10 part-time job is a more flexible working arrangement where a person doesn't work every day and often works for shorter periods of time.

If a person works 11 shifts, they work during various scheduled periods of the day or night rather than the typical nine to five. Doctors, nurses, and security guards often work shifts, as do waiters and others employed in the catering or hospitality industries.

A 12 temporary job is one that is not permanent. For example, if a staff member is off work because they've had a baby, another person may do their job for them temporarily until they return to work.

If a person is 13 self-employed, they work for themselves rather than for a company or institution. They may own their own business or work on a freelance basis for other companies.

14 Unemployed means to be without a job, so a person who is unemployed is usually looking for work.

A 15 workplace is a place where you go to do your job. For many people, this is an office, but for example, a nurse's workplace is usually a hospital, and a builder's is often a construction site.

16 Qualifications are things such as certificates, diplomas, and university degrees that mean you are qualified to do a job. People usually list their qualifications on their CV, so that a potential employer can see them when they apply for a job.

Work vs Job

Job

A job is a profession or occupation; it's the activity that a person does to earn money. Examples of jobs are teacher, nurse, doctor, taxi driver, office clerk, construction worker, graphic designer, police officer, etc.

You can have a temporary job, a permanent job, a part-time job or a full-time job. When you don't have a job, you are unemployed. When you are unemployed, you may apply for a job. If the job interview goes well, you may get the job.

A job is also a particular task or something that you have to do:

'Why didn't you make the copies I needed?' 'Because that's not my job. Making copies is Richard's job.'

Job is a COUNTABLE noun. This means that we can say ' jobs' (in the plural), and we can say ' a job '.

He's had many different works.

He's had many different jobs.

This is a difficult work.

This is a difficult job.

Work

The word work is often a verb:

Work can also be an UNCOUNTABLE noun. So we cannot say 'a work' or use the plural form 'works'.

We use the noun work to talk about the effort or activities that we do when we are doing a/our job.

Work may also mean the place where people do their job.

Work collocations

Check the chart below to learn how we use the verb work with different prepositions, or to talk about the number of hours/days/etc that we work.

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Work - B1 English Vocabulary - Test-English

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Learn English vocabulary about work and employment with pictures, definitions, sentence examples, and fun interactive exercises and games!

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Infinitive or gerund exercises. Verbs with infinitive and verbs with gerund. Exercises for esl. .Free exercises to learn English online

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Shapes | Names of Shapes | Geometric Shapes

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Little vs A little, Few vs A few – Grammar Shorts - Test-English

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Learn the difference between ‘little’ vs ‘a little’ and ‘few’ vs ‘a few’ with a grammar chart, examples, and an interactive exercise!

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Some / any - grammar exercises - elementary level esl

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Grammar exercises: any, some. Determiners: a, an, some, or any exercises. Elementary level esl.

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Many, much - exercises. Grammar exercises elementary level esl. Quantifiers and quantity words

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Exercises Explanation Downloads

Much, many, little, few, some, any - quantifiers

Exercise 1

Choose much, many, little, few, some, any to complete each sentence.

Much, many, little, few, some, any - Grammar chart

Many/much

Many for countable, much for uncountable in (?) (-)

We use many before plural (countable) nouns and much before uncountable nouns. We use them in negative sentences and questions. We don't normally use them in affirmative sentences.

Too much/too many

Note that we don't normally use much/ many in affirmative sentences, but we can use too much and too many in affirmative sentences.

How much/how many

We use how many and how much to ask about quantity.

A lot of/lots of

Before both countable and uncountable

We use a lot of or lots of (more informal) before both plural (countable) and uncountable nouns. We normally use them in positive sentences.

Of before noun; no of at the end of sentence

We must always use a lot of or lots of including of before a noun. However, we can use the expressions a lot or lots (without of) at the end of a sentence.

(A) few/(a) little/a bit of

Few for countable; little for uncountable

We use (a) few before plural (countable) nouns and (a) little or a bit of (more informal) before uncountable nouns.

Few or a few? little or a little?

A few means 'some but not many; enough', and a little means 'some but not much; enough' .

Few/little mean 'almost none; not enough'.

Normally, the difference between a few/little (WITH a) and few/little (WITHOUT a) is that a few/little is positive in meaning, and few/little is negative. Compare:

'Do you speak English?' 'No, I speak very little English.' (=Negative)

'Do you speak English?' 'Yes, I speak a little English.' (=Positive)

Some/any

Some in (+); any in (?) (-)

We use some in affirmative sentences and any in negative sentences and questions.

With both countable (plural) and uncountable

Both some and any can be used before countable and uncountable nouns. But if we use them before a countable noun, the noun must be in the plural form.

Are there any students in the classroom? (NOT Is there any student in the classroom?)

Some for offers and requests

We use some (NOT any) in interrogative sentences when we are offering or requesting (=asking for) something.

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Much, many, little, few, some, any - quantifiers - Test-English

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Much, many, little, few, some, any. Quantifiers. A2. Pre-intermediate English grammar and exercises. Learn how to use quantifiers in English.

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Few - little exercises. Grammar exercises: quantifiers, quantity

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Few - little: quantifiers exercises. A few, a little, fewer, less.Free grammar exercises online. Quantity words. Interactive exercises for esl

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Articles: definite / indefinite exercises

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Articles a / an / the - exercises. Definite and indefinite articles. Free grammar exercises esl.

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Quantifiers: much, many, little/few, a lot of, some, every, any - English Grammar lesson

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COOKING Vocabulary in English | Cooking Verbs | Learn English Vocabulary about Cooking

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English Vocabulary

The following list of verbs frequently appear when reading the cooking instructions of recipes in English. I have included some examples sentences using each verb:

ADD: To put ingredients together; to put one ingredient with the others.

Add more salt to the dish if necessary.

BAKE: To cook in an oven using heat and without extra fat, oil or liquid.

It smells good in the kitchen because I'm baking a cake.

BARBECUE: To cook food (usually meat) by using fire or hot coals on a grill outside.

I'm going to barbecue some sausages for lunch.

BEAT: To stir (usually eggs, cream, butter) quickly and continually to make a smooth or frothy mixture.

Beat the cream until it starts to thicken.

BLEND: To mix two or more substances so they combine together. Often done in an appliance called a blender which has quickly rotating blades.

You can blend fruit to make your own smoothie.

BOIL: To heat water or another liquid until little bubbles form.

Boil the potatoes until they are cooked.

BREAK: To separate into smaller parts by force.

Break the eggs into a glass bowl.

BROIL: To cook meat or vegetables on a rack with an extremely high temperature.

CARVE: To cut meat into slices.

Who is going to carve the Thanksgiving turkey?

CHOP: To cut into small pieces, generally used with vegetables.

Chop the spring onions then add them to the dish.

COMBINE: To put two or more things together.

COOK: To prepare food by heating it so that it is not raw and can be eaten.

Cook the chicken until there are no pink parts.

CRUSH: To cause to separate or flatten by extreme force, often used with garlic.

CUT: To separate or divide a solid by using a knife.

He cut the meat into little pieces.

DRAIN: to remove excess liquid from food after washing or cooking it.

Drain the water from the pot of spaghetti.

FRY: To cook by putting the food into extremely hot oil.

I fried some bacon and eggs for breakfast.

GRATE: To divide into small parts by rubbing on a serrated surface, usually used with cheese.

Grate a large carrot and add it to the salad.

GREASE: To coat with oil or butter.

Make sure you grease the pan before putting the mix in otherwise the cake will stick to the sides.

GRILL: To cook by putting the food on a grill; similar to barbecue. Also refers to heating the food under a grill in a cooker which radiates heat downwards.

KNEAD: To press and stretch dough with your hands. Usually used when making bread.

Knead the dough for the pizza base.

MEASURE: To obtain an exact quantity or amount of an ingredient.

Measure exactly half a teaspoon of curry.

MELT: to make something become liquid through heating.

Melt the butter before adding it to the mix.

MICROWAVE: To heat up food with a microwave oven.

Remove the food from the metal container before you microwave it.

MINCE: to grind food, normally meat, into small pieces. A machine is often used to do this.

MIX: To combine two or more things using a spoon, spatula, or electric mixer.

Mix the flour, melted butter and sugar together.

OPEN: To remove the top from a can or jar.

PEEL: To remove the skin or outer layer from fruit or vegetables.

Peel the potatoes before boiling them.

POUR: To transfer liquid from one container to another.

Pour the chocolate sauce over the pears.

ROAST: To cook (usually meat and vegetables) in the oven or over a fire.

We are going to roast the chicken and vegetables.

SAUTÉ: To quickly fry food by placing it in hot oil in a frying pan.

SCRAMBLE: To mix the white and yellow parts of eggs together while cooking them in a pan.

Scramble the eggs in a frying pan.

SIFT: to put a fine substance through a sieve so as to remove lumps or large particles.

Sift the flour into a large bowl.

SLICE: To cut into thin or wide portions that are of similar size.

Slice the tomatoes and add them to the salad.

SPRINKLE: to cover an object or surface with small drops or particles of a substance.

Sprinkle icing sugar over the cake.

SQUEEZE: to extract a liquid or soft substance from something by compressing it firmly.

Squeeze the juice from three lemons.

STEAM: To cook by placing the food above boiling water. Steam is the vapor that comes from hot water.

STIR: To mix liquid ingredients by moving a spoon around in a circular motion.

Stir until the sugar has completely dissolved.

STIR-FRY: To cook small pieces of food by moving it quickly in a wok or pan with hot oil.

I'm going to stir-fry these vegetables.

TENDERIZE: to make meat softer and easier to eat by beating it or adding marinade before cooking it.

I think we should tenderize the steak before cooking it.

WASH: To immerse food in water to make sure it becomes clean.

Wash the strawberries before cutting them into pieces.

WEIGH: To measure the weight (grams, ounces or pounds) of something.

Weigh the mix to make sure you have the right amount.

WHISK: to mix liquids, eggs, etc. into a stiff light mass, using a fork or a special tool (such as a whisk).

Whisk all of the eggs together with the milk.

Summary Charts

I have just updated my original chart with 20 verbs to make two charts with 16 verbs each (a total of 32 verbs). These are the same verbs that appear in the video.

Next Activity

Try our quiz to see if you know which verb is correct according to the given definition: Cooking Verbs Game

Try our interactive hangman game to practice vocabulary about Cooking Instructions.

Try our Video Quiz:

If you found this English Vocabulary about Cooking Instructions interesting or useful, let others know about it.

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English Vocabulary about cooking instructions and what they mean - Vocabulario para cocinar en inglés

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Shops and shopping

In this lesson, you will learn different words and phrases related to shops and shopping. Check the following pictures and look at the descriptions and sentence examples below.

Places for shopping

There are many places we can go to when we want to do some shopping. Here is a list of some of the most common ones.

A 1 shop (UK) or a store (US) is a place that sells things for people to buy. Many shops specialise in particular items, such as clothes, books, electrical goods, and other things.

2 Department stores are large stores that are divided into many sections. They often have several floors and sell a variety of different things: clothes, sportswear, electronics, jewellery, perfumes, etc.

3 Supermarkets are large stores where different foods and household items are sold. They offer a wide variety of products and different brands as well.

A 4 shopping centre (a mall or shopping mall in US English) is a large building or area with many independent shops and restaurants inside it, usually with a big parking area.

A 5 market is an open place or building where different retailers sell their products. They can be indoors or outdoors, and some markets specialise in particular things, such as food, clothes, or flowers.

In a shop

A 6 cashier is a person you pay when you are buying something in a shop, supermarket, department store, etc., and a 7 customer is a person who buys something in one of these places.

A 8 cash register is a machine that a cashier uses to calculate the cost of things. It is also where they put any money that is received from customers.

A 9 sales assistant is a person who helps customers in a shop, so if you're looking for something or need advice, you ask the sales assistant.

A 10 sale is when a shop or shops are selling items at a lower cost than usual, so when you buy something in a sale, you pay less money for it. The most popular sales are the summer sales, the winter sales and the Black Friday.

A 11 discount is when the price of an item is lower than usual. You can buy something, for example, with a 20% discount.

The 12 price is the amount that an item is selling for, and a 13 receipt is a piece of paper that a customer receives from a cashier after they have paid for something, stating the amount that they paid.

If a customer is unhappy with something they have bought, they usually return it to the shop to get the money back. This is called a 14 refund. The expressions ask for a refund or get a refund are very common.

To 15 purchase something means to buy something, and to 16 try something on is to put on an item of clothing to see if it is the right size for you. This is usually done in a small room with a curtain called a 17 fitting room.

Sometimes, you don't want to buy anything, but you want to do some 18 window shopping. This means that you want to spend time looking at the products in the windows of shops without intending to buy anything.

Do you want to go to the shopping centre and do some window shopping?

When you purchase something you can 19 pay by card or in cash.

Sometimes, you cannot purchase an item because it's 20 sold out. That means that people have bought all the stock of that item.

Useful language when you go shopping

There are certain phrases that we hear or use all the time when we are shopping, especially when we are shopping for clothes.

Things a shop assistant or cashier would say

Things a customer would say

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Shops and shopping - A2 English Vocabulary - Test-English

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Explore shops and shopping vocabulary. Learn with pictures, sentence examples, interactive exercises and games, and useful phrases.

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Exercises Explanation Downloads

Shops and shopping

In this A1 Elementary Vocabulary Lesson, you will learn different common types of shops and useful phrases that are used when shopping. Check the explanation to learn the words and then do the exercises.

Exercise 1

Choose the correct option for each gap.

Shops and shopping

In this A1 Elementary Vocabulary Lesson, you will learn different common types of shops and useful phrases that are used when shopping. Check the pictures and read the definitions and examples below.

1 A grocery store is a shop where you buy food and things for the house.

2 A bakery is a place where you buy bread, cakes, and pastries.

5 A shoe store is a place where you can buy footwear for your feet.

6 A bookstore (US) is a shop with lots of books to read and buy.

7 A toy store is a shop that sells toys and games for children.

9 An electronics store is a place to buy things like computers and TVs.

12 A pet store is a shop where you find animals like cats and dogs and things for them.

15 A furniture store is a big shop where you buy things like chairs, tables, and beds for your home.

16 A gift shop is a shop where you find things to buy as presents for people.

Differences between the UK and the US

The names of shops are often different in the US and the UK. For example, in the US, they normally use the word store to refer to shops. In the UK, the word shop is more common. Compare:

The United States

The United Kingdom

clothing store

⇒

clothes shop

shoe store

⇒

shoe shop

bookstore

⇒

bookshop

toy store

⇒

toy shop

jewelry store

⇒

jewellery shop

pet store

⇒

pet shop

Useful English phrases when shopping

Here's some useful language that you can use when you are shopping.

Shop assistant

Customer

How can I help you?

I'm just looking, thanks.

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Shops and shopping - A1 English Vocabulary - Test-English

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Learn words for types of shops and useful shopping phrases with this Elementary Vocabulary lesson with pictures, examples, exercises & games!

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Quantity - partitives - containers - exercises

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Containers exercises: quantity and partitives . Food packaging and quantity. Free grammar exercises online

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Containers in English | Learn Types of Containers in English | English Vocabulary Lesson with Images

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Containers and quantities – A2 English Vocabulary - Test-English

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Boost your A2 pre-intermediate English vocabulary on Containers and Quantities with our pictures, examples, exercises, and a fun game!

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Learn English online with the largest online English school and learning section! Highly qualified teachers can help guide you through. For schools or individual study. Thousands of English tests and exercises. Statistics, Language Teaching tips and an English Library, TV and more. Make this part of your school website.

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Do your kids help with household chores? - A2 English listening test - Test-English

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Improve your skills with our A2 pre-intermediate English listening test on household chores. Answer feedback and transcription are included!

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Should kids help with household chores? – A2 English reading test - Test-English

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Boost your reading skills with this A2 Pre-intermediate Reading Comprehension Test about housework. Get instant feedback for every answer!

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Housework

In this A2 pre-intermediate English Vocabulary lesson, you will learn about housework or household chores. They are terms that we use to describe the jobs that we do to keep our homes clean and running efficiently. Most of us do these chores on a daily or weekly basis. Here's a list of household chores with pictures, definitions and examples:

1 To sweep the floor means to clear the floor of dust and other matter using a broom, and to 2 mop the floor means to wash the floor with soap and water using an implement called a mop. Most people mop the floor after they have swept it.

6 To do the washing up (UK) or to do/wash the dishes (US) means to wash dirty plates and glasses, and 7 to do the laundry means to wash dirty clothes, usually in a washing machine.

8 To clean something, like for example a window, a room, etc., means to remove the dirt, dust or marks from it. You can do that by washing, wiping or dusting.

10 To take out the trash (US) or rubbish (UK) means to take a bag of rubbish outside so that it is ready for collection. Most people take out their trash in a black bag and leave it in a designated place.

11 To set the table means to prepare the table for a meal by putting down cutlery (forks, knives, and spoons), glasses, and napkins. 12 Clear the table has the opposite meaning, as it is what we do when a meal has ended. When we clear the table, we take the plates, dishes, and cutlery back to the kitchen to be washed.

14 To tidy up means put things back in their proper places so that everything is ordered or neat.

16 To make breakfast/lunch/dinner means to cook or prepare food for those meals. We also say 17 to make tea, coffee, etc.

18 To do chores means to do tasks that have to be done regularly at home, such as cleaning, doing the laundry, ironing, etc.

19 To do the shopping means to go to a store or shop to purchase items like groceries, household goods, or other necessary products.

20 To walk the dog means to take the dog outside.

Make vs do

The verbs are often used to talk about housework. Make is basically used to mean 'cook' or 'prepare' something in the kitchen, although we also say make the bed. The verb do is more often used with tasks, jobs or chores in general. We normally use do with -ing verb forms describing activities.

Make

Do

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Housework - A2 English Vocabulary - Test-English

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Learn basic housework vocabulary with images, sentence examples, and exercises with personalized feedback in this A2 English lesson.

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Learn English online with the largest online English school and learning section! Highly qualified teachers can help guide you through. For schools or individual study. Thousands of English tests and exercises. Statistics, Language Teaching tips and an English Library, TV and more. Make this part of your school website.

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Too - enough - exercises. English grammar exercises and tests. Free grammar exercises online

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So, such exercises. English grammar exercises and tests. Elementary and intermediate level exercises

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Shopping for clothes – A2 English listening test - Test-English

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Enhance your A2 level listening skills with our realistic shopping dialogue. Answer the questions, and review with a provided transcription!

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Clothes

In this B1+ Upper-intermediate Vocabulary lesson, you will learn a wide array of terms related to clothing, encompassing different styles, fits, and patterns, as well as a variety of materials and the verbs associated with wearing clothes. Check the pictures and read the descriptions below to improve your vocabulary related to clothes.

Style

1 Trendy refers to people, clothes or anything that is popular at the moment and influenced by the latest fashions or trends. 2 Fashionable is also used to talk about clothes, accessories, etc., that are popular, but the word may be more timeless and more associated with the concept of elegance. 3 Stylish is used to talk about clothes or people wearing clothes that are smart, elegant and attractive, although they may or may not be popular at the moment.

4 Comfortable is a word we use to describe clothes that feel nice and are easy to wear. Most people choose to wear comfortable clothing when they are at home or when they are exercising. 5 Casual refers to clothing that is relaxed and not too smart. People usually wear casual clothes when they go to school or a barbecue. 6 Formal is the opposite of casual and means very smart, suitable for a serious or official event.

I always change into comfortable clothes as soon as I get home.

7 Chic means stylish, elegant and sophisticated, and 8 classic refers to a style that remains fashionable over time due to its simple, traditional design.

Fit

9 Tight clothes are quite small and fit close to your body; there is no extra fabric. An example of tight clothes would be skinny jeans. Loose and baggy are the opposite of tight and are used to talk about clothes much bigger than your body size. 10 Loose implies a comfortable fit that is not tight, whereas 11 baggy implies the clothes are even larger than that.

Patterns and designs

Patterned, plain, checked, and striped all refer to the decoration of clothing or fabric. 12 Patterned clothing has a repeating design that can include a variety of shapes, symbols, or elements, while 13 plain clothing is just one colour and doesn't have a pattern or design on it. 14 Checked clothing is patterned with uniform squares in two or more colours, a 15 striped item has parallel lines of different colours or shades decorating it, and a 16 spotted piece of clothing has spots or dots on it.

Materials

1 Denim is a tough, blue fabric used for making jeans and jackets.

2 Cotton is a soft, natural fabric that's breathable and commonly used for t-shirts and underwear.

3 Silk is a smooth, shiny fabric that feels slippery, used for fancy dresses and ties.

4 Polyester is a durable, wrinkle-resistant synthetic fabric used in a variety of clothing.

5 Linen is a light, breathable fabric made from flax plants, ideal for summer clothes and tablecloths.

6 Velvet is a soft, thick fabric that looks shiny and is used for fancy clothes and furniture.

7 Lace is a thin, delicate fabric with holes and patterns, used for adding pretty details to dresses and curtains.

8 Tweed is a thick, rough fabric with mixed colors, often used for warm jackets and coats.

9 Fur is the soft, thick coat of hair from animals, often replicated synthetically, used for warmth in luxury clothes.

10 Leather is a durable, flexible material made from animal skin, used for shoes, jackets, and bags.

11 Suede is a type of leather with a soft surface, used for shoes, jackets, and furniture.

12 Fleece is a soft, warm fabric that's like a fake sheep's wool, used for sweaters, blankets, and jackets.

Verbs, phrasal verbs and verb phrases

If you 1 dress up, you wear special or smart clothes for a particular occasion. Dress up can also mean to wear a costume as you would for Halloween or a themed party.

When you 2 dress down, you wear more relaxed or casual clothes than usual. For example, many workplaces have dress down days where staff wear casual clothing instead of a suit and tie.

If you 3 put on an item of clothing, you place it on your body to wear it. You put on all your clothes when you get dressed in the morning. 4 Take off is the opposite of put on and means to remove an item of clothing from your body.

When you 5 try on a piece of clothing, you put on clothes to check if they fit or look good. People usually try on clothes in a shop before deciding whether or not to buy them.

Clothes that 6 fit (you) are the right size for your body, and clothes that 7 suit you look good on you. Clothes that 8 match look good together; for example, red shoes which you wear with a red bag.

When you 9 fold clothes, you bend them and arrange them neatly or symmetrically. We usually fold our T-shirts and trousers after ironing, before putting them away in a drawer. When you 10 hang clothes, you place them on a hook or hanger after using or washing them. For example, when we get home, we hang our coats on a hook after taking them off. We also hang our clothes on the line after washing them so that they dry in the sun.

11 Iron means to press clothes to remove lines and creases. Many people iron shirts after washing them so that they are ready to wear to work.

Button up, unbutton, zip up, unzip and tuck in are all things we do when we are wearing clothes. 12 Button up means to fasten the buttons on something after putting it on. 13 Unbutton has the opposite meaning and means to unfasten the buttons of something, usually before taking it off. 14 Zip up means to do up the zip of something, such as a jacket or pair of trousers and 15 unzip means to pen a zip or to make something open by using a zip. Finally, 16 tuck in means to insert the bottom part of a shirt or other top into pants or a skirt.

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Clothes - B1+ English Vocabulary - Test-English

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Lean B1+ Upper-intermediate English vocabulary about Clothes with our pictures, definitions, examples, and fun exercises and games!

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Clothes – A2 English Vocabulary - Test-English

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Learn basic clothes vocabulary with images, sentence examples, and exercises with personalized feedback in this A2 English lesson.

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Clothes

In this A1 Elementary Vocabulary Lesson, you will learn basic types of clothes and verbs related to clothing. Check the pictures and read the definitions and examples below.

Basic clothes

1 A shirt is a piece of clothing for the upper body with buttons in the front.

2 A blouse is like a shirt but for women.

3 You wear trousers (UK) or pants (US) on your legs, with a separate part for each leg.

4 A suit is a jacket and trousers that you wear at work or formal events.

5 A dress is a one-piece clothing for women that goes from shoulders to legs.

6 A skirt is a piece of clothing that women wear around their waist. It covers some or all of the legs.

7 Jeans are trousers that are strong and often blue.

8 Shorts are like trousers but short; they don't cover all the legs.

9 A sweater is a warm top that covers the upper body and arms.

10 Underpants or underwear are the clothing under your trousers or dress/skirt.

11 A jacket is a piece of clothing for the upper body, similar to a coat, but a coat is warmer.

I wear a warm coat in the winter, but in spring, when it's warm, I wear a jacket.

12 A coat is a warm piece of clothing for the upper body that you wear over other clothes in cold weather to keep warm.

13 A hat is a piece of clothing that you wear on your head.

14 Socks are a piece of clothing that you wear on your feet, under your shoes.

15 You wear shoes on your feet when you are outside.

16 Boots are like shoes, but they cover your feet and part of your legs.

17 You wear gloves on your hands in winter.

18 You wear a scarf around your neck when it's cold.

19 Men wear a tie around their neck on formal occasions.

20 When you buy clothes, you need to choose your size: small, medium, large, extra-large, etc.

Plural words: a pair of...

There are some pieces of clothes that are always plural because they have two parts; for example, trousers, shorts, socks, gloves, etc. If you want to count these items, you need to write a pair of before the word.

Verbs used to talk about clothes

1 If you wear a piece of clothing, you have it on your body.

2 When you put on clothes or make-up, you place them on your body to wear them.

3 If you take off a piece of clothing, you remove it from your body and stop wearing it.

4 When you get dressed, you put on clothes.

5 If you try on a piece of clothing, you put it on to see if it's your size and you like it.

6 When we get home, we often hang up our coat or jacket in a wardrobe or on a hanger or a hook.

7 If a piece of clothing fits you, it is the right size. If it doesn't fit, it's too big or small for you.

8 When you do the laundry, you wash your dirty clothes, sheets, etc.

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Clothes - A1 English Vocabulary - Test-English

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Boost your A1 Elementary English Vocabulary with this lesson about clothes with lots of pictures, examples, exercises, and fun games!

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Clauses of contrast, purpose and reason - Grammar chart

Clauses of contrast

Although, even though

We can use although/ even though at the beginning or in the middle of a sentence followed by a clause (subject + verb). We NEVER use a comma after although or even though.

However

We use however to connect two different sentences. We normally use however after a full stop (.) or a semi-colon (;). However should ALWAYS be followed by a comma.

Despite/in spite of

Despite and in spite of are normally followed by a noun or a - ing verb. They can go at the beginning or in the middle of the sentence.

We can use a clause (subject + verb) after despite/ in spite of + the fact that.

Clauses of purpose

To + infinitive

The most common way to express purpose in English is to + infinitive.

In order to/so as to + infinitive

In order to or so as to + infinitive are more common in formal English, mainly in writing. The negative forms are in order not to and so as not to + infinitive.

So that + clause

We can also use so that + subject + verb to express purpose. We normally use a modal verb with this connector. ( could, can, would, etc.)

For + noun

We can also use for + noun to express purpose.

Clauses of reason

When we want to explain the reason why something happened or why someone did something, we use a clause of reason introduced by a conjunction ( as, since, because) or a noun phrase introduced by because of or due to.

Because

We use because before a clause (subject + verb). It can be used at the beginning or at the end of a sentence (at the end is more common). A comma is used when the clause of reason is at the beginning of the sentence.

As/since

We use as and since in a very similar way to because. They are followed by subject + verb and can be used at the beginning or at the end of a sentence. However, as and since are more formal expressions, and more common in written than in spoken English.

Because of

We use because of before a noun.

Due to

Due to means 'because of' although it is more formal. We also use due to before a noun.

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Clauses of contrast, purpose and reason - Test-English

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Clauses of contrast, purpose and reason. B1. Intermediate English grammar exercises. However, although, despite, in spite of, in order to, so as to, etc.

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IN SPITE OF | DESPITE | ALTHOUGH | EVEN THOUGH | THOUGH - improve your grammar

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Future continuous exercises - future progressive

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Future continuous exercises. Future progressive - intermediate and advanced level esl. Verbs: future tenses in English

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Exercises Explanation Downloads

Be going to - plans and predictions

Exercise 1

Use the verbs in brackets to complete these sentences with be going to affirmative or negative.

Be going to - Grammar chart

Be going to - Form

Be going to consists of the present continuous of the verb go (I'm going, you are going, etc.) + to infinitive form of the main verb.

When the main verb is go

When the main verb is go, we can exclude it if we want.

I'm going shopping this afternoon. (=I'm going to go shopping this afternoon.)

We are going to Cyprus next summer. (=We are going to go to Cyprus next summer. )

Be going to - use

Predictions

We use be going to to talk about something that we see is going to happen (there is present evidence).

Don't drive like a crazy man. We're going to have an accident!

The doctor said I'm going to have a girl.

Look at those clouds. It's going to rain.

Intentions or plans

We use be going to for intentions or plans (decisions taken before the moment of speaking).

'Why are you undressing?' 'Because I'm going to go for a swim.'

We are going to have a drink after work. Do you want to come?

Future time expressions

We often use be going to with future time expressions ( tomorrow, next week, etc.).

We are going to play cards tonight .

She's going to study biology next year.

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Be going to - plans and predictions - Test-English

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Be going to. I'm going to do, Are you going to do? We use 'be going to' to talk about predictions and plans. A1 - Elementary English grammar and exercises.

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Simple Future with Be Going To – Grammar & Verb Tenses

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Exercises Explanation Downloads

Will and shall - Future

Exercise 1

Complete the sentences with I will (I'll), Shall I or Shall we.

Will - Form

Will is an auxiliary verb. This means that:

we use will + infinitive: I'll be (or will be ) at home next Saturday.

will has a negative form: I won't be (or will not be ) at home next Saturday.

we put will before the subject in questions: Will you be at home next Saturday?

we use will in short answers: Yes, I will. / No, I won't (or No, I will not ).

Will - Use

We use will to talk about things that we think will happen in the future.

Note that it's common to use will with the expressions I think, I don't think, I hope, etc. or also with I'm sure, I'm not sure, perhaps, etc.

I don't think they'll win .

I'm sure you'll be fine.

We use will for promises or refusals.

We use will when we make decisions at the moment of speaking (instant decisions).

A: There's no milk in the fridge. B: I'll go to the shop to buy some more.

A: This box is very heavy. B: Don't worry. I'll help you.

Shall I...? Shall we...?

We use Shall I...? or I'll when we offer to do things for other people.

We use Shall we...? to suggest doing something.

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'Will' and 'shall' - Future - Test-English

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We use WILL to talk about the future. WILL is used for predictions, promises, offers or decisions that we take at the moment of speaking. We use SHALL in the questions 'Shall I...?' or 'Shall we...?' Check our complete grammar explanation and do the online exercises. A1-A2 English grammar online.

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Simple Future with Will – Grammar & Verb Tenses

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Future simple: will - be going to exercises

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Will and be going to exercises. Futures tenses in English. Elementary and intermediate level esl.

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Present perfect continuous exercises. Present perfect and present perfect progressive exercises.

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Woodward English - Learning English - Teaching English

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Still, yet and already are adverbs of time.

Let's look at the different meanings and uses of each adverb.

STILL

Still can refer to a situation that continues because it hasn't finished or stopped.
Sometimes this situation has continued longer than expected or the situation can be surprising.
Still can refer to something that is ongoing.

Example sentences using STILL:

Still can refer to an action that was not expected because of something else.
It happened despite what has just been said.

Example sentences using STILL:

Position of STILL in a sentence

Still is used before a verb or adjective
Be + still + adjective Auxiliary + still + main verb
If the verb has two parts, still goes in the middle between the auxiliary and the verb.

BUT if the sentence is negative, still goes before the negative auxiliary verb.

YET

Yet is used in questions and negative sentences.
Yet = now, up to the time of speaking

When YET is used in a question, it is to ask if something (expected) has happened.
Example questions using YET:

Yet can refer to an action that is expected (but has not happened). Notice how in this case YET is used at the end of negative sentences.

Example sentences using YET:

I haven't done my homework yet.

It's almost midday and Steve hasn't woken up yet.

My boss hasn't paid me yet.

Position of YET in a sentence
Verb + (object) + yet Adjective + yet
You can see that YET mostly comes at the end of sentence or question. But there is an exception:

YET is sometimes used in affirmative sentences in formal English though it is not common to hear it. In this case, it is not placed at the end of the sentence but after the verb to be.
We have included this use in case you come across it.

ALREADY

Already is used in affirmative sentences, mostly in a perfect tense* or present simple tense.
Already can refer to an action that has happened (sooner than expected).
Already can be used to say that something was completed before something else.

* You may hear/read already used in the Past Simple tense by American English speakers. (More about this difference later)

Example sentences using ALREADY:

I have just finished lunch but I'm already hungry again. (I didn't expect to be hungry so soon)

I think Simon already knows about the surprise party.

We've already seen that movie. Let's watch another one.

There are already fifty people lined up outside the door.

Position of ALREADY in a sentence

Already is used before a verb or adjective.
Be + already

After only 15 minutes, he is already frustrated.

We are already at the restaurant.

In spoken English, can be at the end of a sentence for greater emphasis (or to show surprise)

Has he finished? (No surprise)

Has he finished already? (I'm surprised)

Now, following word order for YET depends on whether American English or British English is used.
already + main verb
In American English, the word order is already + main verb. This main verb is in the Past simple tense.
auxiliary verb + already + verb
In British English, the word order is auxiliary verb + already + verb. This verb is a past participle in a Perfect tense.

Let's look at this difference a little more...

American English vs. British English

While Yet and Already have the same meaning in American English and British English, you should know that they can be used with different tenses.

In American English, the Past Simple tense is preferred.
In British English, the Present Perfect tense is preferred.

Still - Yet - Already

Compare these adverbs in three similar sentences:

The baby is still asleep.

The baby is already asleep. (I expected the baby to be awake, the baby fell asleep sooner than I expected)

The baby isn't asleep yet. (The baby continues to be awake right now)

Still = continues longer than expected.
Already = sooner than expected.
Yet = it is expected but has not happened.

Summary Chart

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The difference between STILL, YET and ALREADY in English with example sentences. Also American English vs. British English differences.

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For /since - exercises. Free grammar exercises online . Elementary and beginners levels esl exercises

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FOR vs. SINCE in English | What is the difference? | Learn English Grammar | Woodward English

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Past Participle exercises. Simple past and past participle tense of regular and irregular verbs in English.

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Present perfect exercises. Present perfect simple in English - exercises lower intermediate level esl online.