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La gente cambia de lugar de residencia por muchas razones. Uno es para refugiarse si están en un lugar peligroso o en un lugar donde no se les están dando sus derechos humanos. La historia de Achan: En 2019, yo, de 75 años, dejé mi casa en Pajok, Sudán del Sur y me mudé a un refugio de refugiados en el distrito de Lamwo, Uganda. Tuve ocho hijos, pero siete de ellos murieron durante la guerra en Sudán del Sur. Salí de su casa cuando la guerra se trasladó a mi comunidad para salvar mi vida y a mi familia, dejando todas nuestras cosas en nuestra antigua casa.

Photo: Refugees from South Sudan in Uganda reach one million - CBS News

-Amethyst Pennington

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1. Razón o finalidad: Para mejor la educación y mas oportunidades
2. Hola, me llamo María. Soy de México. Me encanta mi vida aquí, pero mi sueño es conseguir un título por educación. También espero que aprender inglés mientras en los Estados Unidos.

Cita: Dora Mata, una foto de la familia en su casa. Fairbault, Minnesota.
https://www.southernminn.com/faribault_daily_news/news/faces-of-faribault-mexican-family-maintains-pride-in-heritage-thankful-for-american-opportunity/article_ca6fa0eb-d07c-546d-b7ae-44e90975a7ea.html

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1. Para escapar de la violencia de pandillas en El Salvador.
2. Me llamo Blanca. Soy mamá y me fui de mi país con mi hijo porque la violencia de pandillas se estaba empeorando la situación. Yo quiero buscar una vida mejor para yo y mi hijo lejos de la violencia pandillera.
3. https://www.usip.org/publications/2022/10/cerrando-el-ciclo-de-violencia-de-pandillas-en-el-salvador

Karen Canales

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Cerrando el ciclo de violencia de pandillas en El Salvador

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El Salvador ha sufrido durante mucho tiempo ciclos de violencia extrema vinculados a poderosas pandillas criminales. Las autoridades nacionales han respondido tanto con una represión implacable como con un apaciguamiento secreto. En público, los gobiernos pueden promulgar políticas de “mano dura” qu…

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1. Algunas personas se mudan porque de violaciones de derechos humanos

2. Me llamo Jane Doe. Soy una mujer Colombiana. Abandoné mi país cuando tenía veinte años porque mi gobierno amenazaba mi vida. Mi hermano fue asesinado por el mismo gobierno.

3. https://i0.wp.com/stockholmcf.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/bogazici-681x386-1.jpg?fit=681%2C386&ssl=1

- Anna Siegle

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Razón o finalidad: El razón era estudiar

Hola. Me llamo Oscar de la Renta. Vine a España solo en 2017 por mi carrera y para estudiar. Trabajé con gente famosa después de graduarse.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Oscar-de-la-Renta
https://www.massagemag.com/prepare-for-your-massage-exam-make-a-plan-and-ace-the-test-32418/

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1. Para buscar un futuro y una vida mejor que están viviendo ahorita.

2. Hola me llamo Marcos y yo me fui de El Salvador para evitar la violencia que hubo en mi país. Quiero buscar un futuro mejor para mis niños y para mi familias, Por eso rason yo vine para los estados unidos para buscar una vida mejor

3.https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/11/migrants-fleeing-central-america-guatemala-honduras-el-salvador-family-taken-killed-study

- JJ Infantes

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More than two-thirds of the migrants fleeing Central America's northern triangle countries - Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador - experienced the murder, disappearance or kidnapping of a relative before their departure, according to a new study by the medical charity Doctors Without Borders (MSF).

The MSF study said 42.5% of interviewees reported the violent death of a relative over the previous two years, while 16.2% had a relative forcibly disappeared and 9.2% had a loved one kidnapped.

The study - based on interviews with migrants and refugees at MSF medical facilities in Central America and Mexico - once again showed the despair driving migrants to abandon some the hemisphere's poorest, most violent and most corrupt countries.
Central America's rampant violence fuels an invisible refugee crisis
"We're speaking of human beings, not numbers," Sergio Martín, MSF general coordinator in Mexico, said at the study's presentation on Tuesday. "In many cases, it's clear that migration is the only possible way out. Staying put is not an option."

In 45.8% of the interviews, migrants said that "exposure to violent situations" was a key reason for leaving their home country. Of those fleeing due to violence, 36.4% had become internally displaced in their countries of origin, but were eventually forced to flee.

The research was published at a time when the US border is becoming increasingly difficult to reach.

Mexico has been launched a crackdown against people trying to cross its southern frontier and deployed its newly created national guard to dismantle large groups of migrants, while the Trump administration has made the asylum process practically impossible for most applicants.

US officials are returning asylum seekers to dangerous Mexican border cities - where MSF has found many are kidnapped and preyed upon by drug cartels - under scheme known as migrant protection protocols to await their court cases. Some migrants are now being flown to Guatemala to apply for asylum in the impoverished Central American country.
Remain in Mexico: 80% of migrants in Trump policy are victims of violence
"The aggressive migration policies adopted by the US and Mexico mean that more and more people are trapped in a vicious circle," the MSF report stated. "Patients describe an increase in the predatory violence perpetuated by criminal organisations operating along the migrant route."

Meanwhile, violence against migrants transit Mexico is escalating, the study found: 39.2% of interviewees were assaulted in the country, while 27.3% were threatened or extorted - with the actual figures likely higher than the official statistics as victims tend not to report crimes committed against them.

Nearly 6% of migrants reported witnessing a death during their time in Mexico, according to MSF. In 17.9% of those cases, it was a murder.

Members of MSF teams have themselves witnessed kidnappings outside migrant shelters.

"The physical obstacles to entering the United States are taken for granted. But what surprises [migrants] ... is the violence that they experience in Mexico," the report said.

"Coming from a country where violence is endemic, they decide to make the journey because they have no other option."

Violence is just of a range of factors driving migration, and motives vary from region to region and country to country.

A 2019 survey from Creative Associates International found violence was the main driver of migration for 38% of Salvadorans, 18% of Hondurans and 14% of Guatemalans. In Guatemala - the main source of migrants detained at the US border with Mexico - 71% of respondents cited "economic concerns" as their main motive.
Fleeing a hell the US helped create: why Central Americans journey north
Climate change is increasingly being recognized as a driver of migration - especially from areas in Central America's "Dry Corridor" - as is political corruption.

"Over the last 20 years in Honduras, the poverty rate hasn't fallen beneath 60%," said Father Germán Calix, Honduras director of the Catholic Church's charitable arm Caritas.

"The lack of policies and actions in favor of the poor has been such that people have lost confidence that this situation can ever be reversed from Honduras."
Topics

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More than two-thirds of migrants fleeing Central American region had family taken or killed

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More than two-thirds of the migrants fleeing Central America's northern triangle countries - Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador - experienced the murder, disappearance or kidnapping of a relative before their departure, according to a new study by the medical charity Doctors Without Borders (MSF).

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Razón o propósito: para obtener educación

Mi nombre es Makka Djibrine y nací en el año de 2003 como refugiada Gaga en Chad África. Soy hija de padres que huyeron del genocidio en Darfur. Vine a Estados Unidos para lograr mis metas y obtener una educación para poder ayudar a otros cuando sea mayor. Actualmente voy a la escuela en la Universidad Estatal de Buffalo y estudio relaciones internacionales.

Cita:
https://theimmigrantstory.org/competition-from-within/

(Glenda Patterson)

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Razón: Buscar un futuro mejor para su familia.

Situación: Mi nombre es Alejandro Darin soy de Caracas Venezuela viajo con mi familia rumbo a Chile nos toco inmigrar de nuestro país por nuestra situación económica. Ya que es triste no tener los recursos económicos para poder sobrevivir. Durante nuestro viaje nos enfrentamos a situaciones diferentes como la falta de dinero, trabajo y hambre en ciertos países hay albergues que nos proveen de comida y donde dormir mientras seguimos avanzando se hace mas difícil por el cansancio. Nuestros hijos tienen hambre y no tenemos que darles de comer. Todo esto nos empuja a seguir adelante con una mochila cargada de sueños e ilusiones para un mejor futuro para mi y el de mi familia.

Cita: https://news.un.org/es/story/2023/01/1518252

-Brittany Bustamante

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Razón: Para una oferta de empleo.

Nací en Brasil, y trabajé en una empresa grande allá por diez años. Uno día, la empresa ofreció una posición en su oficina americana a mí. Acepté, y me mudé a Estados Unidos.

El fuente de la imagen: https://www.topinterview.com/interview-advice/ask-yourself-these-8-questions-before-accepting-a-job-offer

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Reason: Para evitar la discriminacion religosa.

Me llamo Maria Salgado. Soy una ateísta, pero mi comunidad no lo acepta. Yo vine a los Estados Unidos solo en 2020 para evitar la discriminación religiosa.

Cita:
https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-34054057

Kyleigh McGinnis

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A Point of View: Does atheism have to be anti-religious?

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Can you be an atheist without being anti-religion, asks John Gray.

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1. Razon: Para salir un crisis de económico.

2. Me llamo Manuel y soy de Argentina. Argentina desde crisis de económico desde 2018 porque inflación. Yo quiero salir para mi familia y yo a tenemos un mejor vida.

Cita:
https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/argecon.jpg?w=1500

James Washington

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1. Razón o finalidad: Para Obtener una educación.

2. Mi nombre es Pablo Carrascos, soy cubano. Las escuelas en Cuba están subfinanciadas. Quiero ir a los Estados Unidos para continuar mi educación. Si obtengo una educación superior, puedo ganar más dinero para mantener a mi esposa e hijos.

Cita: https://www.immigrantdefenseproject.org/immigrant-stories/

- Tony P.

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Razón: para escapar de la violencia en Venezuela.

Me llamo Raquel. Viajé a los Estados Unidos solo. Dejé a mi familia en Venezuela porque no querían ir. No podía soportar más la violencia.

Cita: https://stock.adobe.com/search/images?k=%22woman%20sad%20alone%22

Mackenzie Farber

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1. Razón: Algunas personas cambian su lugar de residencia si ocurre un desastre natural y arruina su casa por un largo período de tiempo. Por ejemplo, un terremoto, un huracán o un tornado.
2. Hola me llamo Sarah Cameron. Soy un estudiante en Turquía, tuve que dejar mi casa la semana pasada debido a un terremoto devastador. Mudé a mi familia y mis pertenencias muy rápido porque teníamos que salir para allá. Fui a la casa de mi madre en España por seguridad.

https://www.cnbc.com/2023/02/09/turkey-earthquake-comes-at-a-critical-time-for-the-countrys-future.html

Kathryn Shangraw

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Razón: Para estudiar en una universidad más adecuada.

¡Hola! Soy Abdul bin Masood. Actualmente, soy estudiante en la universidad de El Cairo y quiero estudiar en la Universidad de Munich en Alemania. Tienen un excelente programa de ingeniería y he estado aprendiendo a hablar alemán durante los últimos años. Hablé con mis padres sobre ayudarlos a emigrar allí después de graduarme y encontrar trabajo con un buen salario, y ellos piensan que es una buena idea. ¡Deséame suerte!

Study Abroad Ambassador: Annie from India (educations.com)

Shuzon Talukdar

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Razón: La gente cambia su lugar de residencia para escapar del peligro y vivir el sueño americano.

Situación: Me llamo Hezha. Soy un estadounidense kurdo. Vine a los Estados Unidos en el año de 1996. Yo estaba en el plan llamado “Operación Pacific Haven”. Salí de mi casa en Kurdistán debido a una peligrosa dictadura de Saddam Hussein. Sabía que si venía a los Estados Unidos, podría hacer una vida mejor para mí y mi familia. Fue difícil, pero lo hice para vivir el sueño americano.

Cita: https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/menasource/my-family-was-part-of-the-us-evacuation-of-kurds-in-1996-the-us-must-do-the-same-for-afghans/

Aheen Hajibadri

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Razón o finalidad - para escapar de Cuba durante un tiempo de conflicto.

Me llamo es Gloria Estefan y nací en Cuba. Mi padre trabajó para la policia de Cuba antes de Fidel Castro estaba en el poder. Hay mucho estrés durante este tiempo y para relajar, tocaba la guitarra y cantaba mucho. Cuando salí el país con mi familia, conocía mi esposo y empecé a cantar para una banda de mis amigos.

Cita para la informacion:
https://www.biography.com/musicians/gloria-estefan
Cita para el foto:
https://www.forbes.com/sites/leeseymour/2015/11/02/gloria-and-emilio-estefan-bring-their-story-and-savvy-to-broadway/?sh=241dd23b57a7

- Jua Vang

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Razón
: Las personas cambian su lugar de residencia por una vida mejor.

Situación: Mi nombre es Malala Yousafzai y emigré de Afganistán durante la guerra. Afganistán ya no era seguro para mi familia y para mí. Los talibanes se hicieron cargo del gobierno. Los talibanes me dispararon cuando iba camino a la escuela. Vine a los Estados Unidos para poder obtener una educación y una carrera.

https://www.glamour.com/story/malala-yousafzai

Shewa Hasanzade

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Razón o finalidad - Para evitar un clima político peligroso

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Razón o finalidad - Para evitar un clima político peligroso

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"Mis abuelos, Abundio Delgado Sánchez y Concepción Nieves Sánchez, abandonaron la ciudad de Silao Guanajuato, México, a finales de 1906 debido a… un clima político peligroso durante el régimen de Porfirio Díaz… La familia llegó a Ciudad Juárez y cruzó la frontera hacia El Paso, Texas, el 24 de junio de 1907, en el EPE (El Paso Electric Railway). Pagaron tres centavos por el privilegio de entrar a Estados Unidos. "

https://latino.si.edu/es/exhibitions/presente/historias-de-inmigracion

Katia McCuen

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Mis abuelos, Abundio Delgado Sánchez y Concepción Nieves Sánchez, abandonaron la ciudad de Silao Guanajuato, México, a finales de 1906 debido a... un clima político peligroso durante el régimen de Porfirio Díaz... La familia llegó a Ciudad Juárez y cruzó la frontera hacia El Paso, Texas, el 24 de junio de 1907, en el EPE (El Paso Electric Railway). Pagaron tres centavos por el privilegio de entrar a Estados Unidos.

Ana Bermúdez, nieta de Abundio Delgado Sánchez y Concepción Nieves Sánchez

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Historias de inmigración | National Museum of the American Latino

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No existe una única historia de inmigración latina. Si bien muchos inmigrantes latinos y latinas llegan a Estados Unidos buscando trabajo y oportunidades, los motivos -y las formas- de emigrar varían.

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1. Razón o finalidad: Salir de la pobreza.

2. Me llamo Roberto Quijones. Soy de padre Tabasco, México. Vine a Estados Unidos para escapar de la mala economía y la violencia. Trabajé duro para ayudar a mi familia a cruzar la frontera.

source:

https://theconversation.com/migrants-stories-why-they-flee-114725

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Para evitar la extorsión y la violencia pandillera

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Para evitar la extorsión y la violencia pandillera

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1. Una razón por las que las personas cambian de lugar de residencia es para evitar la extorsión causada por los pandilleros.

2. Me llamo Marian y soy una garífuna hondureña. Vivía tranquilamente en un pueblo pequeño cerca del mar Caribe hasta llegaron los pandilleros hace dos años. Los pandilleros nos extorsionaban y a menudo golpeaban a mi hijo. Tenía miedo por mi vida y las de mi familia, pues un día decidí a huir a otro lugar. Dejé casi todas mis cosas, y cuando salí de mi casa, los pandilleros la reclamaron para sí mismos.

Cita - https://globalcompactrefugees.org/news-stories/honduran-family-starts-new-life-across-country-terror-never-far

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Three times, Mariana* stood up to the violent gangs that took over her once-idyllic hometown in Honduras. "The first time, they laughed with scorn," she said. "The second time, they threatened to kill me ... and the third, it almost cost us our lives."

Mariana, 42, belongs to the Garífunas, a small Afro-indigenous community whose way of life is in jeopardy. After the third threat, she knew she and her children had no choice but to abandon her home and flee. In 2016, they joined the ranks of hundreds of thousands of internally displaced people in Honduras.

Some 247,000 Hondurans are estimated to have been internally displaced within the country since 2004

According to government statistics, some 247,000 Hondurans are estimated to have been internally displaced within the country since 2004 - the vast majority of them fleeing extortion, coercion and targeted threats by gangs and other criminal organizations.

Around one-third of those displaced report having had their property seized by their persecutors, and many eventually end up having to move to another country. Some 95,000 Hondurans had applied for asylum or refugee status abroad by December 2018, according to statistics from UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency.

For generations, Mariana's family lived in peace in the traditional Garífuna enclave, on the northern Caribbean coast. Mariana recalls hot afternoons when her children would play in the shade of the mango trees and coconut palms that flanked the modest home she inherited from her mother.

That all changed around nine years ago, with the arrival of the gangs, which also operate widely in neighbouring El Salvador, as well as in Guatemala and Mexico. The sound of birdsong and the rhythms of the waves that once echoed through the house were replaced by screams and the sudden crack of gunshots - the sounds of gang members executing those who opposed their reign.

Aaron*, the leader of the gang who had taken over Mariana's town, took an interest not only in Mariana's family home - located in the perfect spot to ply the drug trade - but also in one of her daughters, 16-year-old Natalia.* When his notes promising luxury gifts failed to sway the high schooler, Aaron tried to kidnap Natalia instead.

The attempt failed, and Mariana sent Natalia and her sister to live with relatives in another town. The move infuriated Aaron, who saw it as a threat to his authority.

"He couldn't stand to be challenged by a woman," Mariana recalled. "Especially a poor black woman like me."

Aaron and his fellow gang members went after Mariana's youngest child, Adrián,* then 14, beating him up every time they crossed paths with him. Once again, Mariana confronted Aaron, but once again her bravery backfired. Adrián was shot in the leg.

Mariana realized she had no choice but to flee. She bundled Adrián into a taxi and the two drove about as far away as they could get without crossing any international borders.

As soon as she and Adrián left, the gang took over their house, transforming the family home into a so-called "casa loca," or "crazy house" in Spanish, where victims are taken to be tortured and killed.

UNHCR is working with the Honduran government, partner organisations and civil society to bring humanitarian assistance, protection and hope to the country's internally displaced people, as part of a regional application of the Global Compact on Refugees (known as MIRPS, for its Spanish acronym). The agency is increasing the capacity at shelters and stepping up its resettlement programs. UNHCR is also helping to strengthen the Honduran government's response to the phenomenon, supporting the creation of a national registry of seized and abandoned property and providing training to hundreds of judges, among other initiatives.

"Chronic violence and persecution present young Hondurans with grim prospects for the future. If they resist recruitment by gangs, they risk being killed or having to flee for their lives," said Andrés Celis, UNHCR's Representative in Honduras.

Today, despite COVID-related lockdowns in Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala, internally displaced people and community leaders report that criminal groups are using the confinement to strengthen their control over communities. This includes the stepping up of extortion, drug trafficking and sexual and gender-based violence, and using forced disappearances, murders, and death threats against those that do not comply.

In a small country such as Honduras, even fleeing does not always result in lasting safety. It takes just several hours, by car, to travel from coast to coast. With gangs spreading throughout the country, many displaced people remain vulnerable to their persecutors even after uprooting themselves from their communities and support networks. Many internally displaced people end up fleeing more than once, each time farther away from home.

"I never imagined I'd be forced to leave my whole life behind," she said.

Around four years after she was displaced, Mariana is still struggling to restart her life. She now cobbles together her earnings as a street vendor to make rent in the small apartment where the family lives.
*Names have been changed.

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Honduran family starts new life across the country, but terror is never far | The Global Compact on Refugees | UNHCR

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Three times, Mariana* stood up to the violent gangs that took over her once-idyllic hometown in Honduras. "The first time, they laughed with scorn," she said. "The second time, they threatened to kill me ... and the third, it almost cost us our lives."

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1.) Hay muchas razones por las que las personas cambian de residencia. Se van por sus familias y por seguridad para escapar de la guerra. Se van por sus sueños. Se van para encontrar nuevos trabajos y ganar más dinero.

2.) Mi nombre es Lundy Khoy y nací en un campo de refugiados de Tailandia. Mis padres huyeron del genocidio en Camboya. Mi familia y yo vinimos a los EE. UU. como residentes permanentes cuando tenía un año. Fui a la universidad aquí, pero la vida no salió según lo planeado. Me volví adicto a las drogas y ahora me van a deportar a Camboya, un país que no conozco.

Source: https://www.immigrantdefenseproject.org/immigrant-stories/

Palwasha Ghairat

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1. Una razón por la que mucha gente termina desplazada es por causa de las guerras.

2. "Yo me llamo Alex mi esposa y yo estamos viviendo en Gran Bretaña somos desplazados de Ucrania a causa de la guerra contra Rusia. Tuvimos que travesar cinco países para finalmente llegar aquí. Fue muy difícil porque nuestros hijos tenían mucho miedo. Tuvimos que dejar algunos familiares en peligro. Espero encontrar trabajo, y regresar a casa cuando la guerra termine, si es posible."

3. ‘We live in the here and now’: Ukrainian refugees starting businesses in the UK | Ukraine | The Guardian

-Maria Tristan

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lex and Ivanna Malik's car journey from their home in the devastated eastern Ukraine frontline to a sleepy Berkshire village took them through five countries. With their two children and the possessions they could fit loaded into the car, they traced a route through Moldova and over the snowy mountain passes of Romania, following a route picked out on Google Maps on their phones.

They first stopped in Germany. "We thought the war wouldn't be too long, maybe a month or two," says Ivanna. "But I don't speak German, Alex doesn't speak German," so they decided to move on and, with the help of a British volunteer they found on Facebook, were offered a refuge by an "incredible" couple who had a little space to spare.

Alex speaks barely a word of English, but Ivanna can get by fairly well - and they are acutely aware that this ability of hers has made all the difference to their prospects in Britain. They are now running an IT business, RepairServiceUK, which has enough clients to support the family.

The pair are among the more than 157,000 people whohave come to Britain from Ukraine in the almost one year since the Russian invasion under the government's visa schemes. Some have been able to get their lives back on track quickly as, unlike the majority of refugees arriving in the UK, Ukrainians have the right to work as soon as they arrive.

While some Ukrainians in the UK are now thriving like the Maliks, others have struggled. They have a friend who was a director of a company back home who is now in London. "She is a good [businesswoman], but she doesn't know English," and so - aged 45 and with children to support - she took a job as a hotel housekeeper.

"It's hard when you were a director and then you go to a cleaning job," says Ivanna. "If you know you want to emigrate, maybe you learn English, [save] some money. For our people, we [didn't] have a choice, it was like ... " She mimes her sweater being yanked by an unseen hand.

The pair are also lucky to be able to work in the same area as they did in Ukraine. While 56% of adults surveyed by the Office for National Statistics in November were working, 65% of those were not in the same sector as back home in Ukraine. Half said it had been difficult taking up work in the UK, with language the major factor.

And yet, says Ivanna: "We don't sit at home. Ukraine is not a rich country, and we work every day, every day. For our people, this is a normal situation. We go to work."

Back home in Mykolaiv, Alex Malik had a large IT service business with about 20,000 clients that he had built from scratch. "Now all I have is my memories," he says.

They are a warm couple who laugh frequently, but it has clearly been a huge challenge starting again with nothing. Repeated requests to their local jobcentre for a little help to print business cards or A4 posters were rebuffed, they say, though one or two individuals helped them out with some basic materials, which they have stuck on bus shelters and in local cafes, or a little advertising space.

With this and through word of mouth in their village (where the many elderly residents need help with IT), RepairServiceUK has grown quickly. But because only Ivanna can speak English, every job or visit must be done together while the children are at school.

They will shortly move into nearby Reading, where they were eventually able to find a private landlord willing to rent to them ("Alex said: 'We are from Ukraine, don't be afraid of us, please.'")

What would help? "Twenty-five hours in the day," says Alex. He usually works until 2am, often on Zoom helping people back home with IT problems for free.

But there is a lot they try not to think about. "I have 20,000 clients at home but hundreds of them have been killed - by shrapnel bombs, killed in shelling of our city," says Alex. "And I get messages from their families like this: 'Hello Alex, this is Anatoly's wife, I would like to inform you that he died.'

"Imagine, I pick up my phone in the morning, open [the instant messaging service] Viber, and read this. I mean, it makes you go crazy. So we don't think about anything. We just work and live in the here and now."

With many Ukrainian men joining the military, significantly more working-age women than men have come to the UK - they make up 49% of the total, compared to 15% of men (under-18s accounted for 31%, with the remaining 5% aged 65 and over).

For Nataliia Horbenko, moving to north London from Kyiv last year to set up a business in Britain was her contribution to the war effort. "I am a soldier, not at the frontline of the war, but at the economic front. My aim is to increase the economy of my homeland of Ukraine, and I think I could be successful in this task."

Back home she was a logistics manager in a transport company and she speaks passionately ("I belong to business - I like logistics") about the opportunity she saw to do her bit.

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Nataliia Horbenko with her clothes featuring Ukrainian motifs. Photograph: Graeme Robertson/The Guardian

"We [Ukrainians] needed to make a decision and be very brave, but we had no choice," she said. "We need to keep our minds very clear, be focused and do what we are good at. I'm good at logistics. So why couldn't I help my Ukraine and also be helpful for your country by paying taxes here? It will be mutual cooperation."

She has started a branch of the logistics firm in Britain, and is trying to develop it as a business - while exploring importing Ukrainian products including sunflower oil, pastries and furniture. "A lot of villages in Ukraine already are suppliers to Ikea. And if Ikea choose us as a supplier, why can't we find clients here in the United Kingdom?"

Back home before the war, Horbenko enjoyed designing and making clothes, "but it was just a personal passion. But when I came here, I started thinking that I'd need to do everything, because London is a very expensive city. I need to be very, very, very active."

So she is now also a fashion designer, emailing her orders to a colleague in central Ukraine who makes garments embroidered with elaborate Ukrainian designs. At the same time, she is working with a film producer on what she hopes will be a series of documentaries about the impact of the war. "My aim is to show businessmen in the world, a portrait of Ukrainian businessmen. We are really very brave. We are resilient, we are entrepreneurial, we talk with passion."

Having found enormously supportive hosts and neighbours in Islington, Horbenko is aware she has been very lucky - in part because she arrived as a single person. Her father is still in Ukraine, "but I have no place at this moment to invite him and support him in the UK. It's very difficult for old people to just adapt to the situation abroad - it's a different world. So I don't know what will be his future."

They talk very frequently, always determinedly focusing on the positive, she says. "It just helps us to be resilient. So we try to be focused, and speak about positive things about the future, about what we will do after the war ends. It keeps our minds alive."

Art dealer Mykola Zinchenko at the Aberdeen Art Gallery. Photograph: Murdo MacLeod/The Guardian

Mykola Zinchenko, formerly of Kyiv, now living in Aberdeen, loves the friendliness of his new city, but there are aspects of its culture that he cannot understand. "The surprising thing is that people wear T-shirts when it's five degrees. We are wrapped up in sweaters and jackets, and you see a guy walking down the street in a T shirt." He grins. "That is a surprise."

Having left Ukraine with his wife and young daughter last May, they came first to Edinburgh, then East Kilbride before being offered a flat in the city he affectionately describes as "50 shades of grey". Aspects of their new life are like a dream come true, Zinchenko says - they even have a sea view from their flat - but this is no holiday.

Zinchenko was an art dealer in Ukraine, and he was determined to get established as soon as they arrived in Scotland, he says. At the hotel where they were originally placed, "everyone was waiting. A lot of people were struggling, suffering after the war."

In contrast, "I asked for a meeting room. So for a time I had my little office in the hotel, and people went: 'Oh, what is he doing there?' I tried to continually [stay busy]." Eight months later he is making a little headway, having exhibited some works at the Aberdeen Art Fair and been asked to participate in another major fair in Glasgow in May.

Most of his work is by Ukrainian artists, but he has recently signed up to represent his first Scottish artist and he says he is "looking around, exploring the opportunities", while working on a PhD back home via Zoom. "I want more," he says.

The future, though, is entirely unclear. "When the old year ends, every 31 December, I used to always make a plan for the future. This year it was really hard. Because the life that we had, the plans that I've had for several years in Ukraine, I see that now they are [gone]. I need to make another plan."

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'We live in the here and now': Ukrainian refugees starting businesses in the UK

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lex and Ivanna Malik's car journey from their home in the devastated eastern Ukraine frontline to a sleepy Berkshire village took them through five countries. With their two children and the possessions they could fit loaded into the car, they traced a route through Moldova and over the snowy mountain passes of Romania, following a route picked out on Google Maps on their phones.

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Razon: Para ascenso de Nazi poder.

Me llamo Albert Einstein. Mi esposa y yo partimos de Berlin, Imperio Alemán en 1933 debido a Nazi y Adolf Hitler ascenso del poder. Yo ganado mi ciudadanía en 1940 y ayudo con el Manhattan Project para hacer el Bomba atómica.

https://www.moving.com/tips/how-famous-american-immigrants-moved-to-us/

-Sean Newby-Lowery

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1. Una razón que las personas cambian de lugar de residencia es escapo la pobreza.
2. ¡Hola! Me llamo Inra Nooyi. Yo nací en Madras, India. Vine a los Estados Unidos para estudiar en la universidad y ganar dinero. Yo soy el CEO de PepsiCo.

cita: https://tse1.mm.bing.net/th?id=OIP.2NiZfQzNy6BKq7hUHycxbAHaE8&pid=Api

- Gautam Kumar

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Una de los razones por las que las personas inmigran o escapan a otros países es por razones políticas. A veces, los gobiernos y los entornos políticos se vuelven inestables o peligrosos.

Mi nombre es Pedro Pascal y nací en Santiago, Chile. Poco después de mi nacimiento, mis padres se vieron obligados a buscar asilo político por su oposición al dictator Augusto Pinochet. El primo de mi madre era el primo de Andrés Pascal Allende, sobrino del presidente socialista chileno Salvador Allende. Andrés fue uno de los primeros líderes del Movimiento de la Izquierda Revolucionaria, un movimiento guerrillero dedicado al derrocamiento de la dictadura militar de Pinochet. Fueron a la embajada venezolana y reclamaron asilo. Nuestra familia fue enviada a Dinamarca y luego a los Estados Unidos.

https://time.com/collection/american-voices-2017/4985811/american-voices-pedro-pascal/

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1. Razón : Un futuro mejor
2. hola, mi nombre es Rubén. Viví en Cuba con mi familia antes de mudarme. Estudié mucho para convertirme en la persona que soy hoy. Mi padre era "mecánico de auto y tenía su propio negocio." Al vivir en Cuba, aprendes que ser médico es uno de los trabajos mâs importantes y comunes que existen. Aunque tenía la ambición de convertirme en médico algún día, quería obtener más oportunidades en la vida antes de establecerme. Mi mamá quería algo mejor para mí, así que luchamos para mudarnos a los Estados Unidos. Después de una larga lucha, nos establecimos en Portland y me matricularon en la Escuela Secundaria Grant. "Su arduo trabajo le valió una beca act six para la universidad warner pacific en Portland, donde actualmente es estudiante de tercer año. Después de graduarse, quiere obtener un doctorado en ingeniería biomédica o un doctorado en medicina." Rubén dijo, "Quiero ayudar a estos estudiantes que son como yo y vienen de un país diferente." Dice que existe la percepción de que, "si tienes acento, no te va bien en ciencias o en materias difíciles o no eres inteligente. Quiero cambiar eso. Quiero que estos jóvenes se adentren en la ciencia."

Cita: https://theimmigrantstory.org/bright/

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1. Una razon que las personas cambian de lugar de residencia es para buscar trabajo.
2. Me llamo Miguel, soy de cameroon. Mi vida en cameroon era mal, pero, no podia solventar escuela. Si podia buscar trabajo en cameroon, no iba a salir. Mude a Francia para buscar trabaja y nunca miro atras. Ahora tengo una trabaja y puede solventar todo que necesita para sobrevivir.

Cita:7 Migrants Share Their Stories of Struggle and Resilience (globalcitizen.org)

-Eric howe

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1. Razón o finalidad: Para obtener una educación.

2. “Me llamo Carole Mengue. Soy una madre camerún. Desde que era una niña quise estudiar. Pero mi padre no quería que yo asistiera a la escuela y fue difícil para mí obtener una educación. El viaje fue muy difícil. Viajamos en una patera y vivió en un campamento con malas condiciones durante meses. Vine a Francia con mi hijo para obtener una educación y aprender nuevas habilidades. También a Francia para darle a mi hijo mejores oportunidades.”

City para historia: https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/migrant-first-person-stories-undp/
Cita para imagen: https://www.migrationpolicy.org/programs/nciip-adult-and-postsecondary-education

- Alexa Kapoor

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Padlet 3: Motivos y finalidades por las que las personas cambian de lugar

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Padlet 3: Motivos y finalidades por las que las personas cambian de lugar

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Las personas cambian su lugar de residencia por una vida mejor con más oportunidades o para escapar del peligro.

Mi nombre es María Cruz. Soy de Venezuela. Vine a los Estados Unidos con mi hermano y mi hermana este año porque no he podido ganar un salario en casa. Hay escasez de combustible, electricidad y agua potable. Mi madre también está enferma en casa.

Cita: https://www.alamy.com/juarez-mexico-10-21-2022-venezuelan-migrants-cross-the-rio-grande-the-natural-border-between-mexico-and-the-united-states-families-seek-to-request-image518525025.html

- Valentina

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Primero, en tu entrada de Padlet escribe una razón o finalidad por las que las personas cambian de lugar de residencia usando las preposiciones por o para. Deben repasar el PPT de esta semana para citar los terminos adecuados.

Segundo, escribe tres oraciones explicando la historia de una persona en esa situación. Usa la forma YO y tiempos del pasado (pretérito e imperfecto).

Tercero, sube una ilustración que refleje el motivo o finalidad. No se te olvide de citar la fuente de tu ilustración y de incluir cualquier información relacionada con sus derechos de autor o permisos. También, incluye tu nombre al pie de tu entrada.

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Refugee Welcome Center by Rasande Tyskar is licensed under CC BY-NV 2.0

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Ejemplo: Razón o finalidad - Para evitar un conflicto armado.

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Ejemplo: Razón o finalidad - Para evitar un conflicto armado.

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"Me llamo Wafa Sultan. Soy una madre siria. Vine a Estados Unidos con mis hijos en 2017 para encontrar un lugar seguro donde vivir. Mi casa fue destruida en un bombardeo".