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Between five and seven million years ago, when certain apelike creatures in Africa may have started to habitually walk on two legs, the earliest known human progenitors first appeared. By 2.5 million years ago, they had already started making flint primitive stone implements. After two million years, some of them began to move from Africa to Asia and Europe. Furthermore, the majority of prehistoric humans possessed jaws that were noticeably stronger than ours, maybe as a result of their more robust diets.

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Mass extinctions have been caused by extreme temperature changes, rising sea levels, and catastrophic, once-in-a-lifetime events like an asteroid striking Earth or a large volcano erupting in the past. They are known to us because the fossil record demonstrates the evolution of life. Although the most well-known cause of a mass extinction is the asteroid strike that wiped out the non-avian dinosaurs, volcanic activity really appears to have caused much more devastation.

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The greatest alteration that occurred during the Neogene epoch was the evolution of apes and hominids. During the Miocene era, hominids initially appeared in Africa and Eurasia. The majority of hominids began moving to Africa during the Pliocene. These conditions had an impact on the early humans' evolutionary process.

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Following the extinction of the dinosaurs, mammals first appeared during the Cenozoic Era. Because mass extinctions encourage the emergence of new species, mammals moved in to fill the hole left by the extinction of the dinosaurs. Over time, they evolved into a number of species, including the ones we now recognize, like humans!

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According to fossil evidence, flowering plants first appeared around 125 million years ago in the Lower Cretaceous, and by the Middle Cretaceous, about 100 million years ago, they had already started to rapidly diversify. Early angiosperm fossils are uncommon. They began modifying the planet's appearance almost immediately after landing 130 million years ago, during the Cretaceous period.

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A bird's plumage largely determines its physical traits, including camouflage, attractiveness, and social standing. Archaeopteryx is without a doubt the oldest bird. It wasn't as good at flying as its dinosaur ancestors. The fossil evidence indicates that Archaeopteryx had teeth, grasping claws on its wings, a long bone tail, feathers, and a hip that resembled a bird.

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The first mammals identified by science are the small, shrew-sized morganucodontids, who coexisted with dinosaurs 210 million years ago. Mammals originated during the Triassic Period, 252–201 million years ago, from members of the reptile order Therapsida. Therapsids belonged to the Synapsida subclass, also referred to as the mammal-like reptiles, and were typically less attractive than other reptiles of the time.

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They first appeared between 243 and 233.23 million years ago, during the Triassic epoch (mya). Reptiles that resembled dinosaurs lived throughout 228 million years ago. Modern birds are classified as a type of dinosaur since they have a common ancestor with dinosaurs other than birds.

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Even though the Mesozoic is best known for being the time of the dinosaurs, most plant and animal species alive today have their beginnings there.

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Reptiles are among the creatures with cold blood. Vertebrate creatures have backbones. They usually lay delicate eggs and have dry skin covered in bony plates or scales. It is estimated that the first known reptile lived 315 million years ago. It was between 20 and 30 centimeters (8 and 12 inches) long and fed on microscopic invertebrates, such as insects, to stay alive. That was a marsh animal.

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Depending on the species, they could have stripes or dots on their skin. Behind their eyes, they have scars that conceal their eardrums. Toads, on the other hand, have shorter legs. They have warts and seem harsh. Ichthyostega, one of the earliest basic amphibians, has more efficient nostrils and lungs. It had four powerful legs, a neck, a finned tail, and a head that resembled the head of a lob-finned fish.

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The majority of the arthropod phylum is made up of them. In addition to a chitinous exterior, insects have a three-part body (head, thorax, and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, sophisticated eyes, and one set of antennae. The oldest insect fossil found by mankind is a wingless, silverfish-like organism that lived around 385 million years ago.

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From the end of the Silurian, 419.2 million years ago, to the start of the Carboniferous, 358.9 million years ago, the Devonian geologic epoch and system of the Paleozoic era lasted for 60.3 million years. The county of Devon in England, where the initial studies into these rocks were conducted, bears its name.

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The first mammals descended from these collections of specialized, interdependent cells some 800 million years ago, according to DNA evidence. Living things were allowed to exist on earth after the ozone layer formed and photosynthesis increased the air's oxygen content to a suitable level.

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Vertebrates may have first appeared in the late Ordovician, about 450 million years ago. Despite the scarcity and imperfection of the bulk of Ordovician fossil vertebrates, additional fossils show the existence of various lineages of armored jawless fish as well as the ancestors of sharks and jawed fish.

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About 470 million years ago, during the Ordovician period, when history was rapidly diversifying, the first terrestrial plants appeared. They were trivial-implanted, non-vascular plants like mosses and liverworts. It is believed that the first plants emerged from a form of green, rootless water.

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Approximately 97% of all mammals in the world are invertebrates, which are defined as mammals without a spinal cord or animals without a spine. The first living thing appeared out of the distance. Cambrians had soft corpses with a husk or case as an illustration.

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Of the three geologic eras that make up the Phanerozoic Eon, the Paleozoic Era is the oldest. In 1838, British geology enthusiast Adam Sedgwick coined the term "Paleozoic" from the Greek terms palaiós and z, "growth," which together imply "old life."

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The gases that make up the atmosphere are created synthetically when nitrogen oxides (NOX) and volatile organic compounds (VOC), also referred to as hydrocarbons, react. This reaction can occur both simultaneously and strongly in the air, close to the dust.

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When Earth was nearly completely covered in ice, scientists gave it the nickname "Snowball Earth."

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Meaningful environmental changes were common during the Cryogenian. The entire Earth was frozen in what is known as a Snowball Earth, a planetary state, as a result of the extreme Sturtian frigid conditions, which first appeared during the Cryogenian and continued into the preceding Boring Billion age of balance. It ended after 70 million years, although the Marinoan frigid conditions, another big global event, followed immediately.

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Research indicates that although little is known about the history of fungi in the intricacies of rock, they may have first appeared around a billion years ago. The presence of fungal hyphae in the tissues of the oldest plant fossils has demonstrated the ancient nature of fungi.

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Appearance of the First Multicellular Organisms 1.2 BYA

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Appearance of the First Multicellular Organisms 1.2 BYA

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The first multicellular mammals on Earth first evolved as natural sponges some 600 million years ago. The Cambrian Explosion, which occurred five hundred and 53 million years ago, is when the first living things began to emerge.

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Since they float and engage in photosynthetic activity, cyanobacteria may produce their own food or reside in nanny water. Even though they continuously form communities that are numerous enough to be recognized, bacteria are unicellular and often small. They have the distinction of being the oldest relics ever to stand because they are more than 3.5 billion years old. You might be surprised to learn that cyanobacteria, one of the most common and significant bacterial groupings on Earth, are still alive and well.

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By the end of the Hadean, the shore might have appeared at the end of time and then vanished into the wide ocean.

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The Huronian glacial epoch, which was brought on by both ocean satiation and the exhaustion of newly formed vapor oxygen, took place as the Earth grew steadily colder despite the Sun becoming sunnier with age. As a greenhouse gas that kept the Earth warm, poisonous gas in the air was released by oxygen.

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The Proterozoic Eon was the beginning of the current plate tectonics, which allowed the ancient shore cores to stray across wide areas of the dust, collecting smaller pieces of coating and infrequently clashing into further vast land masses. Additionally, the continent was divided in the opposite acknowledged location.

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The Archean, the second of Earth's four geological eras, spanned between 4,000 and 2,500 million years ago. The Hadean Eon, which occurred before it, was followed by the Proterozoic Eon. Methane beads in the atmosphere caused a worldwide fog to form during the Archean Eon, enveloping the young Earth. On Earth, there was no oxygen gas. One of the few things that contains oxygen is water.

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Our solar system as a whole, including Earth, had completely vanished and was all that remained was a massive cloud of gas and dust.

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This period depicts Earth's earliest history, when the planet was marked by asteroid impacts, volcanism, and a partially molten surface. The newly developing Earth became extremely hot because to a number of processes, including gravitational compression, radioactive decay, and asteroid strikes. The majority of this initial heat is still confined to the Earth.

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About 4.5 billion years ago, a dense cloud of interstellar gas and dust gave rise to our solar system. The supernova shockwave from a nearby exploding star, or supernova, may have caused the cloud to collapse. This dust cloud burst into a spinning disk of material known as a solar nebula when it disintegrated.

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A meteorite impact, which also sparked a global extinction that wiped off almost 75% of all species on Earth, abruptly terminated the reptile-dominated Cretaceous Period and Mesozoic Era.

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The end of the Cretaceous Period is marked by the most well-known mass extinction, yet it was not the largest. You may already be aware that the dinosaurs died out during this terrible extinction.

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Throughout the Jurassic period (199.6 million to 145.5 million years ago), warm temperatures and high humidity produced lush flora and an abundance of life. Dinosaurs had rapid and widespread evolution. Among other dinosaur species, they contained stegosaurs, brachiosaurs, and allosaurs.

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The time when reptiles, especially dinosaurs, dominated land-dwelling vertebrates is referred to as the "Age of Reptiles."

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The Triassic Epoch lasted from 251.9 million years ago until the conclusion of the Carboniferous Epoch 298.9 million years later. The 47 million-year-long Permian epoch is a stratigraphic and geologic period. The Paleozoic Era comes to a close with the Triassic Period, a section of the Mesozoic Era that follows.

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The Carboniferous Period, which occurred at the end of the Paleozoic Era, lasted from 359.2 to 299 million years ago*. The enormous coal reserves of England were the origin of the term "Carboniferous." These coal deposits can be found in Asia, Asia, Eastern and Central North America, and Northern Europe.

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Before the Paleozoic and Phanerozoic Epochs, there was the Cambrian Period. The Ordovician Period began 485.4 million years ago, and the Cambrian Period spanned 53.4 million years, beginning 538.8 million years earlier.

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Before the Paleozoic and Phanerozoic Epochs, there was the Cambrian Period. The Ordovician Period began 485.4 million years ago, and the Cambrian Period spanned 53.4 million years, beginning 538.8 million years earlier.

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The Precambrian, which occurs before the current Phanerozoic Eon, is the earliest period in Earth's history. The Precambrian, a broadly defined end of the made of metal period, is made up of the Hadean, Archean, and Proterozoic eras.