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Health to me means a state where your body feels strong and energetic, your mind is clear and calm, and you're able to do the things you love without feeling tired or in pain. Health also means taking care of yourself - through good nutrition, regular exercise, enough sleep, and managing stress. Moreover, eating healthy is a crucial component of maintaining good physical health and staying fit.

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Culturally Responsive Care for an Afghan Refugee Migrant

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Culturally Responsive Care for an Afghan Refugee Migrant

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During my recent clinical placement, I had the privilege of caring for a patient who was an Afghan refugee migrant now residing in Australia. This experience provided me with a profound opportunity to apply the principles of cultural competence and reflect on Domain 7 of the 'Culturally Responsive Clinical Practice: Working with People from Migrant and Refugee Backgrounds' competency standards framework.

Recognizing the importance of cultural competence, I committed to continuous learning about Afghan culture and the refugee experience. As I am from India, so, Hindi is my national language which correlates with Urdu and the patient was fluent in Urdu. So, it was easy for me to communicate with the patient. By actively listening, and showing empathy, I built trust and achieved better patient-centered care outcomes, highlighting the significance of Competency Standard 12.3 in culturally responsive clinical practice. This experience reinforced my dedication to ongoing cultural education in healthcare.

(Migrant & Refugee Health Partnership. (2019) Culturally Responsive Clinical Practice: Working with People from Migrant and Refugee Backgrounds. https://culturaldiversityhealth.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Culturally-responsive-clinical-practice-Working-with-people-from-migrant-and-refugee-backgrounds-Jan2019.pdf)

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The Punjabi language, often referred to as "Punjabi," is a beautifully rich and expressive language spoken primarily in the Indian state of Punjab and the Pakistani province of Punjab.
Punjabi is spoken by millions of people across the world. While its heartland remains in Punjab, it has a strong diaspora in countries like Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia.
Punjabi is now fifth most spoken language in Australia (SBS Punjabi, 2022).

(Wikipedia Contributors. (2019, October 22). Punjabi language. Wikipedia; Wikimedia Foundation. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjabi_language)

(SBS Punjabi. (2022) Census 2021: Punjabi becomes the fifth most spoken language in Australia. https://www.sbs.com.au/language/punjabi/en/article/census-2021-punjabi-becomes-the-fifth-most-spoken-language-in-australia/6qt78y28d)

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Aloo Paratha. Cited on Piping pot curry https://pipingpotcurry.com/aloo-paratha/

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Aloo Paratha is a popular and delicious Indian flatbread made with whole wheat flour and a filling of spiced mashed potatoes. It is a beloved breakfast or brunch dish in India (Particularly in Punjab). It is served with butter or plain yogurt.

Ingredients:

For the dough:

Whole wheat flour (atta)
Water
Salt
For the potato filling:

Potatoes
Spices (commonly used are cumin seeds, red chili powder, garam masala, and salt)
Ghee or oil for frying

Instructions:
Prepare the Dough: In a mixing bowl, add whole wheat flour and a pinch of salt. Gradually add water and mix together.
Prepare the Potato Filling: Boil the potatoes, Peel and mash the potatoes in a bowl. Add spices and salt to taste. Mix the spices and mashed potatoes thoroughly to create the filling.
Assemble and Cook: Take one dough ball and place a portion of the potato filling in the center of the disc. Gather the edges of the dough disc to cover the filling completely. Carefully roll out this stuffed ball into a flat circle, using a rolling pin. Heat a griddle or tava on medium-high heat. Place the rolled-out paratha on the hot griddle. Flip the paratha and spread a little ghee or oil on the cooked side. Cook the other side until it's golden brown and crispy.

Nutritional composition-
For one medium-sized Aloo Paratha (about 100-150 grams):

Calories: 200-250 calories

Carbohydrates: 30-40 grams

Protein: 4-6 grams

Fat: 7-10 grams

Dietary Fiber: 2-3 grams

Sugars: 1-2 grams

Sodium: 200-300 milligrams (mainly from salt)

Potassium: 150-200 milligrams

(Swasthi’s Recipes. (2023) Aloo paratha recipe (Potato stuffed paratha). https://www.indianhealthyrecipes.com/aloo-paratha/)

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Sidhu Moosewala, was a prominent Punjabi rapper, singer, lyricist, and songwriter. He gained significant fame in the Punjabi music industry for his unique style and catchy songs. Born on June 11, 1993, Sidhu Moosewala started his music career in the late 2010s. His music is characterized by a blend of Punjabi folk elements and contemporary hip-hop and rap influences, making it appealing to a wide audience. Unfortunately, Moose Wala was shot dead by unidentified assailants in his car on 29 May 2022, few of gangsters took responsibility of his murder.

Below is the YouTube link of his one of popular song

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tpFljbJxZiw

(Wikipedia. (2022) Sidhu Moose Wala. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidhu_Moose_Wala)

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There are a lot of social determinants that are identified that are faced by the immigrants in Australia.
Education- As, I am from India and completed my studies in the field of Pharmacy and Nursing. It was really challenging for me to find a job as an Assistant in Nursing or Assistant in pharmacy. So, I have completed a Certificate III in aged care to get a job.
Social Inclusion and non-discrimination- As some of the immigrants are not fluent in English. So, they feel excluded at the workplace and educational institutes.
Income and social protection- Some of the migrants face financial issues and majority of migrants lives without their family members. which may negatively impact their health.

(World Health Organisation. (2023). Social determinants of health. World Health Organisation. https://www.who.int/health-topics/social-determinants-of-health#tab=tab_1)

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Punjabi traditional dress reflects the vibrant and rich cultural heritage of the Punjabi people. These traditional garments are not only an expression of Punjabi culture but also provide practicality and comfort in the region's climatic conditions.

For Men:

Kurta: The kurta is a long, loose-fitting tunic that is a staple in Punjabi men's clothing. It is typically knee-length.

Pajama: The pajama is a type of loose-fitting trousers.

Turban (Pagri or Dastaar): It is a symbol of pride, honor, and spirituality.

For Women:

Salwar Kameez: It consists of a long tunic (kameez) paired with loose-fitting trousers (salwar) and a matching or contrasting dupatta (scarf).

(Holidify. (2018). Traditional Dresses of Punjab. Holidify.com; Holidify. https://www.holidify.com/pages/punjabi-dresses-208.html)

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The name "Punjab" is derived from two Persian words, "panj" meaning "five," and "aab" meaning "water" or "river." Punjab is so named because it is a region where five major rivers. Punjabi individuals and families can be found in many other countries around the world, either as immigrants, expatriates, or descendants of earlier generations of migrants.

(Wikipedia Contributors. (2019, October 15). Punjabis. Wikipedia; Wikimedia Foundation. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjabis)

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 Principal health issues that refugees may face

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 Principal health issues that refugees may face

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Afghanistan was retaken by the Taliban in late August 2021 from the Afghan government. During the ten days preceding August 31, 2021, multiple nations evacuated over 120,000 individuals. Australia evacuated 4,100 individuals.

Three common health concerns listed by The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne for refugees arriving for Afghanistan are-
Mental Health- Individuals may have been separated from immediate family, and there have been far-reaching effects on the mental health.
Hepatitis A & Diarrhea- hepatitis A as a differential diagnosis for the occurrence of diarrhea in a number of infants.
Measels- It was reported that the refugees were also suffering from measels, which is highly contagious disease.

(The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne. (2023) Immigrant Health Service : Afghan refugees - key issues. https://www.rch.org.au/immigranthealth/clinical/Afghan_refugees_-_key_issues/#:~:text=Acute%20physical%20and%20mental%20health)

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The prominent bush medicine from Punjab is Tulsi, also known as Holy Basil. It is considered effective for respiratory issues, including coughs, colds, and asthma. Tulsi leaves are often chewed or consumed in tea to provide relief from respiratory discomfort. Tulsi is believed to have antibacterial properties and useful for boosting the immunity.

(Timesproperty.com. (2022) 10 health benefits of the tulsi plant.  Retrieved October 6, 2023, from https://timesproperty.com/news/post/10-health-benefits-of-the-tulsi-plant-blid3065)

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