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the interest, attitude and ability of individuals to appropriately use digital technology and communication tools to access, manage, integrate, analyze and evaluate information, construct new knowledge, create and communicate with others.

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Digital literacy includes, but goes beyond, simple technology skills. Just as traditional literacy goes beyond comprehension to include the more complex skills of composition and analysis, digital literacy includes a deeper understanding of, and ultimately the ability to create a wide range of content with various digital tools.

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the ability to access, manage, understand, integrate, communicate, evaluate and create information safely and appropriately through digital technologies for employment, decent jobs and entrepreneurship.

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the ability to use information and communication technologies to find, evaluate, create, and communicate information, requiring both cognitive and technical skills.

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It’s hard to think of anything we do nowadays, from working on projects to socializing with friends, that is not somehow mediated through digital technologies. It’s not just that we’re doing ‘old things’ in ‘new ways’. Understanding Digital Literacies, Jones and Hafner (2021)

How do we interact with digital content in our everyday lives? Look around and look at yourself and share examples of how the use of digital technologies is changing our literacy practices in the personal, social, academic, and professional spheres.

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Children are increasingly finding it hard to hold pens and pencils because of an excessive use of technology, senior paediatric doctors have warned.

An overuse of touchscreen phones and tablets is preventing children's finger muscles from developing sufficiently to enable them to hold a pencil correctly, they say.

"Children are not coming into school with the hand strength and dexterity they had 10 years ago," said Sally Payne, the head paediatric occupational therapist at the Heart of England foundation NHS Trust. "Children coming into school are being given a pencil but are increasingly not be able to hold it because they don't have the fundamental movement skills.

"To be able to grip a pencil and move it, you need strong control of the fine muscles in your fingers,. Children need lots of opportunity to develop those skills."

Payne said the nature of play had changed. "It's easier to give a child an iPad than encouraging them to do muscle-building play such as building blocks, cutting and sticking, or pulling toys and ropes. Because of this, they're not developing the underlying foundation skills they need to grip and hold a pencil."

Six-year-old Patrick has been having weekly sessions with an occupational therapist for six months to help him develop the necessary strength in his index finger to hold a pencil in the correct, tripod grip.

His mother, Laura, blames herself: "In retrospect, I see that I gave Patrick technology to play with, to the virtual exclusion of the more traditional toys. When he got to school, they contacted me with their concerns: he was gripping his pencil like cavemen held sticks. He just couldn't hold it in any other way and so couldn't learn to write because he couldn't move the pencil with any accuracy.

"The therapy sessions are helping a lot and I'm really strict now at home with his access to technology," she said. "I think the school caught the problem early enough for no lasting damage to have been done."

Mellissa Prunty, a paediatric occupational therapist who specialises in handwriting difficulties in children, is concerned that increasing numbers of children may be developing handwriting late because of an overuse of technology.

"One problem is that handwriting is very individual in how it develops in each child," said Prunty, the vice-chair of the National Handwriting Association who runs a research clinic at Brunel University London investigating key skills in childhood, including handwriting.

"Without research, the risk is that we make too many assumptions about why a child isn't able to write at the expected age and don't intervene when there is a technology-related cause," she said.

But Barbie Clarke, a child psychotherapist and founder of the Family Kids and Youth research agency, said even nursery schools were acutely aware of the problem that she said stemmed from excessive use of technology at home.

"We go into a lot of schools and have never gone into one, even one which has embraced teaching through technology, which isn't using pens alongside the tablets and iPads," she said. "Even the nurseries we go into which use technology recognise it should not all be about that."

Although the early years curriculum has handwriting targets for every year, different primary schools focus on handwriting in different ways - with some using tablets alongside pencils, Clarke said.

Karin Bishop, an assistant director at the Royal College of Occupational Therapists, also admitted concerns. "It is undeniable that technology has changed the world where our children are growing up," she said. "Whilst there are many positive aspects to the use of technology, there is growing evidence on the impact of more sedentary lifestyles and increasing virtual social interaction, as children spend more time indoors online and less time physically participating in active occupations." she said. ends

This article was amended on 9 March 2018. An earlier version misattributed a quote to Mellissa Prunty, which should have been attributed to Barbie Clarke.

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Children struggle to hold pencils due to too much tech, doctors say

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Children need opportunities to develop hand strength and dexterity needed to hold pencils

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Defining DL - Ministry of Labour & Employment, Govt. of India. 

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Defining DL - Ministry of Labour & Employment, Govt. of India. 

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The ability of individuals and communities to understand and use digital technologies for meaningful actions within life situations.

The ability to access, manage, understand, integrate, communicate, and create information using digital technologies for daily life, economic opportunities, and civic participation.

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There's less reading of newspapers and more of gathering news through social media.

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Safa Sidheeq
MA ELT (Sem I)

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Before the coming of smartphones there were so much people could do on their own. Even though smartphones are very useful, we tend to use them for the simplest of tasks like doing some calculation or calling someone who is in the next room or even checking the day and date. In this way smartphones also limit us and make us lazy.

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Technology has benefitted us in many ways. It offers the convenience of knowing information with just a single click. One can share experience with a wider audience and make it accessible to anyone and everyone.
Technology can make everyone stay connected by expressing their thoughts, opinions, and sharing even the most tiny things online.
However, it also results in people getting disconnected with each other in real life. Preferring digital communication over face-to-face conversations isn't uncommon now a days.
In conclusion, Technology plays a crucial role and has a great impact on our lives. It can bridge the gap between two persons and allows them to communicate but at the same time it can make people disconnected from each other in real life. Finding a balance between digital communication and face to face communication is necessary.

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"I must not fear. Fear is the mind-killer. Fear is the little-death that brings total obliteration. I will face my fear. I will permit it to pass over me and through me. And when it has gone past I will turn the inner eye to see its path. Where the fear has gone there will be nothing. Only I will remain."

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"I must not fear. Fear is the mind-killer. Fear is the little-death that brings total obliteration. I will face my fear. I will permit it to pass over me and through me. And when it has gone past I will turn the inner eye to see its path. Where the fear has gone there will be nothing. Only I will remain."

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Why this quote? Does it make any sense in the given context? Well, I hope it makes some sense by the time you reach the end of my write-up up. Since the word limit restricted me from putting all of my take right here, I attached a pdf with this text with my complete take on the given question. Please do check it out. Thank you :)

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With so many digital platforms available to my generation, I've found that the way we interact has altered radically, to the point that people may have separate personalities virtually vs. in person! These platforms have provided us a medium to spread information, to an extent that would have been impossible without digitization. People like me could actually read and learn on a plethora of random topics. Interests that could be deemed "eccentric" are becoming a norm/trend. Such a sharing has also immensely affected our interests and hobbies, which of course then affects the market. So thanks to #minimalism I can no longer buy a basic solid t-shirt without debating if I can go for an ice cream later that day :)
But jokes aside, although it is wonderful that we get to share trivia with others, the flip side of this is that one can barely trust anything they see on the internet, and since it is impossible to recheck each and everything that we read/see online, we get fed a lot of misinformation. (Guess this is what Plato meant when he was criticising democratization of knowledge!) This ofc (look at me using informal abbreviations) then affects academia (while providing us with more research areas). I've noticed my classmates bring in information that are definitely coming from unreliable but nevertheless still informative sources such as tumblr or twitter.

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Deepthyy Radhakrishnan, MA ELT 1st year 

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Deepthyy Radhakrishnan, MA ELT 1st year 

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The eternal debate of books and e-books and what's better got me thinking about the slow but sure disappearance of cookbooks from households. As convenient cooking blogs, YouTube videos and Instagram reels are to us, I honestly miss the feeling of flipping through the pages of a good recipe book filled with appealing pictures of food printed in vibrant colours. It seems to us the our bookshelves would no longer be decked with recipes from our grandmothers and books by Tarla Dalal or Jamie Oliver soon.

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As I trash my coffee cup and proceed to the reading hall to plug in my laptop to submit this assignment among other 𝘢𝘤𝘢𝘥𝘦𝘮𝘪𝘤 things, I immediately tune in to my October playlist because I have been conditioned to be unable to work at all without 4 different forms of media stimulating me simultaneously.

It's almost baffling how I could be taking a Bible studies class and I have the option of instantaneously listening to Lazarus by David Bowie or Lazarus by Porcupine Tree before actually learning about Lazarus. Now I won't go into detail about which of these fall into the wider part of my knowledge (but you can all tell which one it is). This brings out my concluding point that there's information out there on the internet based on other information, and at times the former is objectively made more interesting to a common person than the latter.

As a final dessert, I compulsively have to attach this beautiful, almost philosophical website built by Neal Agarwal - which is my go-to source of bringing people to my team of using digital modes to learn new things. The whole Deep Sea, inside your Padlets.

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No sunlight is able to reach this deep.

Many deep-sea creatures cope by creating light themselves - also known as bioluminescence.

Narwhals dive to this depth up to 15 times a day in search for food.

The Japanese Spider Crab is the largest known crab with a maximum leg span of 3.8m.

Coelacanths were thought to be extinct until found alive in 1938.

Leatherback Sea Turtles are the oldest sea turtle species.

Giant Oarfish can grow up to 11m long.

Sixgill Sharks spend the day in deep waters and the night in shallow waters. They can be found all over the world.

Telescope Octopus are almost completely transparent and have unique protruding eyes.

Barreleye Fish have a transparent head that allows their eyes to collect more light.

Black Swallowers can swallow entire fish whole - even those vastly larger than themselves!

Vampire Squids eat marine snow - organic material that falls from shallower waters.

Headless Chicken Fish are sea cucumbers with wing-like fins that allow them to swim.

Colossal Squid are the largest known squid species. They can reach a length of 10 meters and weigh up to 700 kg.

The Orange Roughy can live up to 200 years. Deep sea life often have elongated life spans.

Meals are rare in the deep sea. Deep sea creatures have adapted to this - one Giant Isopod in captivity went five years without eating.

Many deep sea species use the color red as camouflage since it's the first color to leave the spectrum as you dive deeper.

Goblin Sharks are known as "living fossils" because they're the only living species of a lineage that has existed for 125 million years.

Is it a squid, or a worm? It's a worm.

Sea Angels are majestic sea slugs that use wings to propel themselves.

The Scaly-Foot Snail gets its name from the iron plates on its foot and the iron shell it makes out of Iron Sulphide.

Anglerfish have a large bioluminescent lure used to attract prey in the darkness.

Giant Tube Worms get their nutrients from hydrothermal vents.

Hydrothermal vents are formed from seawater passing through extremely hot volcanic rocks. They release heavy metals that are toxic to most animals.

But even in those extreme conditions specialized life finds a way to survive.

Yeti Crabs live on hydrothermal vents.

This is the average depth of the ocean.

But in some places it goes deeper.

Cuvier's Beaked Whales are the deepest diving mammals.

On April 14th, 1912 the Titanic sank to its final resting place at a depth of 3,800 meters.

This is the deepest point of the Manila Trench in the South China Sea.

Patagonian Toothfish have antifreeze proteins in its tissues to prevent freezing in sub zero temperatures.

Megamouth sharks are one of the largest growing shark species with some reaching 7 meters long.

The temperature here is near freezing and very few animals can survive the extreme pressure.

This shark takes cookie-shaped chunks out of its prey.

You have scrolled the height of Mount Everest.

Comb Jellies have been around for 500 million years. Despite looking like jellyfish, they are not closely related.

This is the lowest point of the Puerto Rico Trench.

This is the deepest point of the Java Trench in the Indian Ocean.

The USS Johnston sank in WWII and is the deepest shipwreck ever found.

More people have been to the Moon than the Hadal Zone.

Most of the Hadal Zone takes place in deep sea trenches.

Deep sea trenches form by a process called "subduction" where the Earth's tectonic plates meet and push together.

The deep sea can be a lonely place.

Life here is sparse - the extreme conditions make survival difficult.

But still not impossible.

So little is known about life in these deep environments. Almost every expedition uncovers something new.

Many probes and submarines have been lost trying to reach the deepest parts of the ocean.

On January 23rd, 1960, about 9 years before the moon landing, humans went where they never had before.

Two men, Jacques Piccard and Don Walsh, onboard the submarine Trieste slowly descended into the Mariana Trench.

Their goal was to reach The Challenger Deep - the deepest point in the ocean.

The submarine used a re-breather system that would later be used in spacecraft. There was barely enough space inside the pressure sphere for both of them.

The immense pressure of the deep sea means any mistake would mean certain death.

During the descent, one of the window panes cracked and shook the entire vessel.

Nevertheless, they continued.

Even at these unfathomable depths, Jacques and Don could still see life out the window. Life can survive unimaginable environments.

After 4 hours and 47 minutes of anxiety and claustrophobia...

They succeeded and became the first humans to reach the deepest point in the ocean.

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An interactive page that lets you scroll down the ocean. Visit the great depths of the Mariana Trench and discover all the sea creatures hidden beneath.

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Professor and classmates, please do not dislike me yet for being overly compensative but I also just had to pin point the "personal" sphere in professor's questions. We as a generation are building family because of right - and sometimes even wrong clicks.

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A texting mix-up sparked a Thanksgiving dinner tradition that continues this year

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The tradition began when Wanda Dench texted Jamal Hinton about coming over for Thanksgiving, thinking it was her grandson. Their shared dinners have brought joy to the internet ever since.

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We need to look closely upon the information shared on the social media platforms. We should not trust everything right away. Critical thinking is required to evaluate digital content, arguments, and claims. We need to make informed decisions and question the assumptions and biases prevalent in this social media's complex world.

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With the rapid advancement of technology over the last few decades, the use of digital literacy has become inevitable in all strata of learning. Every single aspect of traditional classroom learning is being altered, right from note-taking to teaching aids and from sourcing study material to submission of assignments. In fact, those lacking digital literacy skills have started facing troubles in keeping up with the pace of the classroom, especially after the recent pandemic which led to the educational sector becoming entirely dependent on technology. The need for digital literacy continues to increase by the day, the sudden leap in the advancement of Artificial Intelligence and the further developments in various other softwares for education, language learning etc fueling this desperate requirement.

The need for a backpack full of books and stationery has been replaced by a pocket-sized device on which I am typing out this very assignment. I have even ceased to use a traditional notebook and pen, as a stylus and this very phone can take up those roles just as well, if not better. I have not yet met my professor but I have already started learning from ma'am through this device. Now if I had lacked the necessary digital literacy skills, none of this would have been possible. This is simply proof of how unavoidable the acquisition of digital literacy skills has become in the present era.

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The evolution from traditional to digital gaming has fundamentally transformed personal literacy practices, reshaping how individuals engage with recreational activities. In the traditional gaming sphere, interactions were localized and face-to-face, often occurring in physical spaces such as homes or community centers. These activities were constrained by geographical proximity, limiting the shared gaming experiences to those within immediate reach. Additionally, traditional games often emphasized the development of physical skills, whether in video games requiring hand-eye coordination or sports necessitating motor skills. Communication during these activities primarily relied on face-to-face interactions, encompassing verbal and non-verbal cues.

Contrastingly, the advent of digital gaming has ushered in a new era of personal entertainment. The global connectivity facilitated by online platforms has obliterated geographical boundaries, allowing friends to engage in gaming experiences together regardless of their physical locations. The accessibility of digital games, available 24/7 on various devices, has made gaming a more flexible and spontaneous activity. Furthermore, the cognitive demands of digital games have shifted towards skills such as problem-solving, critical thinking, and strategic planning. Players now navigate complex narratives and make decisions that intricately impact the virtual worlds they inhabit. The digital landscape offers a diverse array of gaming genres and experiences, empowering individuals to tailor their recreational pursuits to their unique preferences and interests. Communication in digital gaming extends beyond face-to-face interactions, incorporating in-game chats, voice communication, and even video calls, creating a dynamic and multifaceted communication environment. In essence, the shift from traditional to digital gaming represents not only a change in the modes of entertainment but also a redefinition of personal literacy within the context of leisure and recreation.

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In order to survive in the 21st century, digital literacy is a must-have. With the rapid growth of digital technology, the digital world is almost completely overlapping with our real physical world. One of the examples is the current system of payments in our country. Online payment has become a huge success as it is being accepted slowly in every single small store to carry out businesses. People can use their phones to pay for their goods and the money is transferred straight from their bank to the bank of the store-owner. This is really convenient as you don't have to carry much of physical cash around in order to pay for things, it can happen from the ease of your fingertips. Therefore it is essential to know about various payment and banking apps in this age, and also being aware of the possible scams one can fall into. With the increase in usage of online payments, people also have come up with various ways to scam other people, like instead of sending money, someone would add a request for money and convince the other person that this is how money is received. Therefore to keep ourselves and our hard-earned money safe, we must be aware of the technicalities of the technology and not fall for tricks.

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Defining DL - University of Illinois (Souradipta Singha, MA Cafeteria) 

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Defining DL - University of Illinois (Souradipta Singha, MA Cafeteria) 

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the ability to use digital technology, communication tools or networks to locate, evaluate, use and create information. The ability to understand and use information in multiple formats from a wide range of sources when it is presented via computers and a person's ability to perform tasks effectively in a digital environment.

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Everyday Digital Practice - Souradipta Singha 

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Everyday Digital Practice - Souradipta Singha 

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I use Reddit as a primary tool for information gathering in a daily basis. Reddit actually gives you genuine and human-vetted solutions rather than just ad-heavy results. This practice requires me to apply critical discernment to evaluate community consensus, upvotes and varying perspectives to judge what is actually reliable.

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What Is Digital Literacy? (Kominfo’s Perspective) - Achmad Bayu Setyawan (M.A Cafeteria)

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What Is Digital Literacy? (Kominfo’s Perspective) - Achmad Bayu Setyawan (M.A Cafeteria)

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According to the Indonesian Ministry of Communication and Information Technology (Kominfo), digital literacy is the ability to use digital technologies wisely and responsibly. It involves accessing, understanding, evaluating, creating, and sharing information, while being aware of digital ethics, safety, and critical thinking.

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Daily Digital Practice - Achmad Bayu Setyawan (M.A Cafeteria)

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Daily Digital Practice - Achmad Bayu Setyawan (M.A Cafeteria)

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I use TikTok not only for fun but also to get information. Before I trust or share a video, I try to check the source and think critically about the content. I also use TikTok responsibly by respecting others in the comments and not spreading misleading information. At the same time, I am careful about my privacy and avoid sharing personal data.

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Defining DL: EBSCO Research Starters- Ganga A R (MA English (Cafeteria))

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Defining DL: EBSCO Research Starters- Ganga A R (MA English (Cafeteria))

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Digital literacy refers to the skills necessary to navigate, evaluate, and create content using digital technologies. In today’s digital age, proficiency extends beyond mere technical ability; it encompasses critical thinking, ethical usage, and the capacity to engage with diverse forms of content, such as social media, websites, and multimedia applications. This concept has evolved from traditional literacy, which focused primarily on reading and writing, to include a broader understanding of multiliteracies that recognize cultural and linguistic diversity in a globalized world.

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Daily Digital Practices- Ganga A R, MA English (Cafeteria)

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Daily Digital Practices- Ganga A R, MA English (Cafeteria)

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I use Whatsapp on a regular basis for academic, personal and community interaction. Through individual chats, group messages, voice notes, links and forwarded content, information circulates rapidly on WhatsApp. While such messages are shared especially in group chats, I do not accept them for face value. I critically assess the credibility of such forwarded texts, images and videos with the help of Google searches, news outlets, or other online platforms. Also, I take responsibility for my words and practice my tone and clarity in order to avoid spreading misinformation, disrespecting others' opinions in group discussions, etc. while messaging. This makes sure that I am ethically reading, evaluating and communicating in such digital spaces.

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“Digital literacy indicates having the skills that one needs to live, learn, and work in an e-permeated society and economy, where communication and access to information is through digital technologies like internet/digital platforms/apps, social media, mobile devices, etc.

Digital literacies should be seen as “evolving”, as digital practices shape, and are shaped by the imitations and innovations along with the development of the public digital ecosystem combined with its accessibility and affordability of both the data and the devices.“

- source cited as link

I liked this definition for DL as it seemed the most relevant to the concept of ever changing digital world and also was in line with what is being used in the moment.

The most two common use of digital practice would be using google maps for directions for going anywhere since it not only gives the right directions but also helps avoid traffic and such. The other would be using gpay or UPI payments for everything, most students are often cashless these days we seem to have completely transitioned to the new payment method.

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Digital Literacy How It Has Been Evolving Its Significance in the Indian Context

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Digital literacy indicates having the skills that one needs to live, learn, and work in an e-permeated society and economy, where communication and access to information is through digital technologies like internet/digital platforms/apps, social media, mobile devices, etc. Given this trend, the present paper tries to understand how the digital literacy has been evolving in the last two decades. Central theme of this review has been: what is digital literacy and how it has been evolving over time and across multiple perspectives. It is argued that digital literacies should be seen as “evolving”, as digital practices shape, and are shaped by the imitations and innovations along with the development of the public digital ecosystem combined with its accessibility and affordability of both the data and the devices. As we will see, defining this term has been proven to be complex, because the digital environment is constantly fast changing. Due to its inherent nature of fluidity and flexibility, the term covers from a narrow to a comprehensive coverage. On the parallel, the endeavours of the multilateral agencies to capture and define digital competency are examined. In this backdrop, its significance in the Indian context is looked at. The concluding section highlights the concerns that need attention from several standpoints.

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What is Digital Literacy?       Lola Ainieva          MA English    (Cafeteria)

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What is Digital Literacy?       Lola Ainieva          MA English    (Cafeteria)

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These definitions show that digital literacy is not just about using digital devices or apps. They emphasise understanding, analysing, evaluating information, and using digital tools in a meaningful and responsible way. Digital literacy also includes attitudes, critical thinking, creativity, and communication skills, not just technical knowledge.

They include everyday practices such as searching for information, judging its reliability, creating and sharing digital content, communicating with others, and using digital platforms safely and ethically. Overall, digital literacy is about participating confidently and thoughtfully in digital spaces. The literacy practices shown here require skills such as reading critically, writing clearly, evaluating information, using digital tools, and communicating effectively online. They also involve attention, memory, creativity, and decision-making, especially when choosing what to trust or share.

Many of these skills are assumed rather than taught, such as checking the reliability of online information, spelling without autocorrect, balancing online and offline communication, and managing digital habits responsibly. In my own academic and personal life, these practices are very common. I regularly use social media, rely on digital tools for writing, watch videos to learn new things, and communicate through messaging apps.

Digital literacy is not just about using devices but about thinking critically and responsibly online. According to UNESCO, digital literacy is the ability to access, evaluate, create, and communicate information safely using digital technologies.

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Daily Digital Practice - Atmaj M M , MA ELT

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Daily Digital Practice - Atmaj M M , MA ELT

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I have multiple web novel apps on my phone. Being an avid reader I always thought reading on digital surfaces reduces the "feel" of reading, but the moment I started reading digitally, I became addicted to it. The mobility involved as well as the availability of the materials made it very hard to switch back to reading physical books. Finding a good source for the book or the reading you want as well as setting up your reading screen is what I consider the laborious part of it, after this what remains is a smooth journey. These apps and the books in them are a very crucial aspect to my daily life. I got introduced to so many different genres and worlds through. Now when I say books I mean mostly web-novels. Action, adventure, reincarnation, transmigration etc are things that keep me going through the day. Whenever you see me staring at my phone, there's a 90% chance that I am reading a web-novel.

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Daily Digital Practice                Lola Ainieva MA English (Cafeteria)

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Daily Digital Practice                Lola Ainieva MA English (Cafeteria)

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In my daily digital life I mostly use YouTube and WhatsApp. I enjoy using YouTube for learning languages because it helps me improve my listening skills, pronunciation, and vocabulary. I think YouTube is a good learning option since I can choose videos based on my needs, learn at my own pace, and repeat lessons whenever necessary. While watching videos, I also try to understand whether the content is clear, reliable, and useful for learning.

I also use WhatsApp regularly to stay connected with people, including my family, friends, and classmates, and to share and understand information. Through WhatsApp I communicate with them daily, exchange study materials and share important updates. This helps me stay connected informed and involved in both my personal and academic life.

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Defining DL: California Learning Resource Network - Gouri Garg (MA English (Cafeteria))

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Defining DL: California Learning Resource Network - Gouri Garg (MA English (Cafeteria))

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Digital literacy is the ability to use information and communication technologies (ICTs) to find, evaluate, create, and communicate information, requiring both cognitive and technical skills. It’s not just about being able to operate a smartphone or navigate social media.

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Daily Digital Practice - Gouri Garg (MA English (Cafeteria))

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Daily Digital Practice - Gouri Garg (MA English (Cafeteria))

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Every day, after waking up and before sleeping, I make sure to read at least one article/blog/paper that I found enticing the day before yesterday using Chrome. It doesn't have to be from literature or something that I am studying. Still, it should be from a reliable source, something I have never learned or expanding on existing knowledge, and backed up with research, so I can understand and expand on my knowledge and learn something new every day.

Skills such as research, critical thinking, media literacy, problem solving, and close reading are some, I believe is being used for the same.