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At the point of near collapse in the antislavery movement, William Lloyd Garrison introduced a revolutionary philosophy that drastically redefined the antislavery phenomenon – he urged opponents of slavery to view the institution from the inside, from the point of view of a black slave, rather than from the outside point of view of a white plantation owner.

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Redefinition of the Antislavery Movement

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Redefinition of the Antislavery Movement

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The Abolition movement first started as a notion that the opposition of slavery should not be built upon the ideas on how it negatively impacts white society; rather, it should focus on the detrimental effects on the lives of the enslaved, and to think sympathetically about the damages the system caused to African people as a whole.

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In 1832, Garrison founded the New England Anti-Slavery Society, which changed a year later to the American Anti-Slavery Society. In 1835, there were more than 400 members and by 1838, there were 1.350 chapters and more than 250,000 members.

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The biggest demand of the abolitionist movement was rejecting the idea of gradualism – slowly reducing the use of slavery over a long period of time – and instead called for the immediate, unconditional, and universal abolition of the institution of slavery overall. It was also argued that the abolitionists must strive to extend the right to an American citizenship to all African Americans.

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Garrison soon attracted a large amount of followers in the North, enough for him to be able to found the New England Anti-Slavery Society in 1832 and the American Anti-Slavery Society in 1833. Supporters flocked to these organizations and involvement skyrocketed, developing a great strength for abolitionism in the nation.

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By the mid 1830s, the abolitionism movement had grown significantly enough to be unavoidable in the country. Later in the 1840s, Garrison had insisted that women be able to participate in the movement to the degree that men could. Abolition went on to move in many channels, ranging from peaceful approaches to political action, and ultimately helping runaway slaves find refuge in the North or in Canada through the underground railroad. They also helped fund the legal battle over the Spanish slave vessel Amistad.