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Helicobacter pylori, also known as H. pylori is a human pathogen that affects the stomach and the upper small intestine. 

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Helicobacter pylori, also known as H. pylori is a human pathogen that affects the stomach and the upper small intestine. 

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Helicobacter pylori gets its name from its helical shape

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H. pylori can cause peptic ulcers, gastriatis ( inflamation of the stomach lining) and in some cases cancer. 

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H. pylori can cause peptic ulcers, gastriatis ( inflamation of the stomach lining) and in some cases cancer. 

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Proper hand washing and  hygiene, most especially in food preparation.

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H. pylori can be contracted by direct contact with bodily fluids such as saliva, fecal matter and vomit as well as contaminated food and water.  H pylori tends to be more common in areas with poor water and sewage systems.

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H. pylori is gram-negative bacterium.

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Microscopic view of H. pylori

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This bacterium is lophoptrichous, it has 3-7 flagella extending from one end,

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H. pylori's shape helps it to burrow in to the lining of the stomach this is one reason it can be hard to treat. The burrowing also increases the risk of stomach ulcers

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Helicobacter pylori can be very difficult to treat as the bacteria has become more resistant to antiboitics. H pylori is treated using a combonation of two of the following: Clarithromycin, Tetracycline, Levofloxacin, Metronidazole and Amoxicillin

Often times quadruple therapy is required as well as adding an antacid.

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Blood test can be used to detect H. pylori antigens however, the most accurate are urea breath and stool test.

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Most people with H. pylori do not even realize the have it as they do not experience symptoms.  Infections normally happen during childhood is not uncommon for adults to become infected.