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Jane Addams (1860-1935)

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Jane Addams was the 8th born of nine children on September 6, 1860 (Michals, 2017). She came from a privileged white family. Her father owned a successful mill, fought in the Civil War, was a local politician, and counted Abraham Lincoln among his friends (Michals, 2017). she graduated top of her class from  Rockford Female Seminary in 1881. Jane was a part of new generation of college students known as "New Women", where they seek to put their education to greater use (Michals, 2017).

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She found her calling in 1888 after visiting Toynbee Hall. Toynbee Hall was a settlement house in London that provided much-needed services to poor industrial workers (Michals, 2017). She made it her mission to bring this to the US. In 1889, Jane cofounded Hull House. Hull House was in Chicago’s poor, industrial west side and was the first settlement house in the United States (Michals, 2017).

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Jane Addams and her cofounder Ellen Gates Starr made it their mission for educated women to share all kinds of knowledge (Michals, 2017). This included basic skills to arts and literature with poorer people in the neighborhood. The pair envisioned women living in the community center, among the people they served. Addams and Starr were among the well known progressive reformers like: Florence Kelley, Julia Lathrop, Sophonisba Breckinridge, Alice Hamilton, and Grace and Edith Abbott (Michals, 2017). The Hull House team provided several vital services to thousands of people each week all under Addams direction (Michals, 2017). Some include: kindergarten and day-care for working mothers, job training, English language, cooking, and acculturation classes for immigrants.

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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During WWI, Addams promoted international peace. She protested the US entry into World War I. Addams believed that human beings were capable of solving disputes without violence (Michals, 2017). This led to harsh criticism from some newspapers and altered her popularity. She later joined a group of women peace activists who toured the warring nations, hoping to bring about peace (Michals, 2017).

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Michals (2017), mentions many accomplishments that Jane Addams achieved in her lifetime. These include:

Addams lobbied for the establishment of a juvenile court system, better urban sanitation and factory laws, protective labor legislation for women, and more playgrounds and kindergartens throughout Chicago.

Addams was a founding member of the National Child Labor Committee. This committee played a significant role in the Federal Child Labor Law in 1916.

Addams led an initiative to establish a School of Social Work at the University of Chicago. This brought institutional support for a new profession for women.

Addams served as president of the National Conference of Charities and Corrections from 1909-1915. She was the first woman to hold that title.

Addams was an active in the women’s suffrage movement as an officer in the National American Women's Suffrage Association.

Addams was among the founders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).

Addams headed the Women's Peace Party and then became president of the International Congress of Women.

Addams wrote articles and gave speeches worldwide promoting peace

Addams helped found the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom in 1919. She served as the president until her death in 1935.

Addams was the first American woman to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

Addams wrote a book about her work at Hull House, as well as other books promoting peace.

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Michals, D. (2017). Jane Addams. National Women’s History Museum. www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/jane-addams.