# data[].attributes.body
Games, Music, Dancing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Children can overcome dyslexia by learning nursery rhymes, dancing and singing because the condition is caused by lack of rhythm in brain, a leading neuroscientists has suggested.

Usha Goswami, prof of Cognitive Developmental Neuroscience at Cambridge has spent the last 10 years testing the brains of youngsters to find out what was driving the learning problem.

She found that the dyslexia is not caused by children reading words incorrectly, but instead their inability to hear the rhythm of words when they are being spoken.

Brain scans shown that the metre of words was out of phase with internal rhythms in brain, meaning that youngsters struggled to encode the patterns, and therfore memorise speech.

But keeping up rhythmic practice will eventually allow children to read properly.

Children who are dyslexic could benefit from more rhythmic training

"Children who are dyslexic struggle with speech rhythm," Prof Goswami told The Hay Festival.

"We realised that children are struggling in tasks which are not related to learning or reading but are related to rhythm.

"So we began to think that rhythm and these problems found in children with dyslexia might be related."

* The last word on dyslexia?

* Dyslexia may not exist warn academics

* Making sense of dyslexia

* Thousands of people wrongly diagnosed with dyslexia

Dyslexia is thought to be one of the most common learning difficulties. It's estimated that up to 1 in every 10 people in the UK has a certain degree of dyslexia and Britain has one of the worst rates because the language is so difficult to learn.

Prof Goswami recommended clapping games, music, nursery rhymes and marching to The Grand Old Duke of York.

"All kinds of rhythmic experiences can be helpful, nursery rhymes, dancing and music as long as the beat is matched to language," she said.

"Playground clapping and games may be very important to stopping dyslexia. You could start to remediate it before children even start school.

"If children keep it up they will learn to read. It will definitely happen. The brain just needs more training. These children need to know that their brain just works a bit differently and reading is going to be harder for them."

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Dyslexia can be overcome with nursery rhymes and music, says Cambridge professor

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Children can overcome dyslexia by learning nursery rhymes, dancing and singing because the condition is caused by lack of rhythm in brain, a leading neuroscientists has suggested. Usha Goswami, prof of Cognitive Developmental Neuroscience at Cambridge has spent the last 10 years testing the brains of youngsters to find out what was driving the learning problem.

# data[].attributes.body
what parents can do to help

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
How do schools help children with dyslexia?
Depending on your child's age and the severity of her difficulty, the school will recommend a specific intervention. Interventions range from special help from your child's classroom teacher to small group or individual help from a teacher trained in special methods of teaching reading.

An appropriate remedial reading intervention for a child with dyslexia includes direct instruction in learning the code of sounds and letters. This is often done through the use of a special program such as the Orton-Gillingham program. The Orton-Gillingham program, and similar programs such as the Wilson System, Project Read, and Alphabetic Phonics, offer direct, intensive instruction in phonics and spelling. These approaches are ideal for students with dyslexia because they are multisensory approaches that offer children opportunities to learn through seeing, hearing, and touching. They also utilize a large amount of repetition that helps children with dyslexia learn.

In addition to providing a remedial program to help a child with dyslexia catch up in reading, schools can also offer a number of accommodations that help a child keep up with material being presented in class. For instance, a third-grade student reading at a first-grade level may use audio tapes of a third-grade novel so that she can participate in class discussions about the novel. A child with weak handwriting and spelling may be allowed to dictate a story to a teacher or aide who will write it for her. This allows the child to express her ideas without having to struggle with her weak areas.
What can parents do?
Talk to your child about his struggle.

Children with reading difficulties often feel confused about why they are struggling. Your child may even fear that he is "stupid" or that he will never learn to read. It is important to talk with him so that he understands that very intelligent people can have reading difficulties and that you and his school are working together to help him.

Talk to your child's teacher.

Interventions or individual plans work best when teachers and parents work together to help children. It is important to share with your child's teacher what you see at home. It is also important to help your child complete any extra practice activities that her teacher suggests.

Be an advocate for your child.

If you are concerned that your child is not making enough progress with the program that has been put in place for him, do not hesitate to check in with your child's team of specialists. Although you will have regularly scheduled meetings, you can request a meeting at any time to discuss your child's progress.

Read aloud to your child.

Hearing stories and information read aloud is critical for children with reading difficulties. While they may struggle to gain information from reading, they can learn new vocabulary words and information and explore new ideas when you read aloud to them. Make sure to talk together about the books you read as well.
Back to Dyslexia Home

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
How do schools help children with dyslexia? Depending on your child's age and the severity of her difficulty, the school will recommend a specific intervention. Interventions range from special help from your child's classroom teacher to small group or individual help from a teacher trained in special methods of teaching reading.

# data[].attributes.body
How reading diseases affect the brain

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.provider_name
Dyslexia Writing & Reading Assistive Technology | Ghotit Dyslexia

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
I recently came across a short video that provides a simple description of how the brain of a person with dyslexia works differently. I was impressed with the simplicity of the explanation. Here is a short recap.

3 Key Areas of the in the left side of the Brain that work simultaneously:

1) Phoneme Recognizer: Area used to sounding words out loud in our brain and breaking down words to similar sounds, known as phonemes (Example: the sound of the letter "T").

2) Word Analyzer: Area used for analyzing words even more, analyzing together word syllables and phonemes (Example: the sound of "Ti" and "ger")

3) Word Detector: Area responsible for detecting word forms, allowing to instantly recognize words without having to sound them out

People with Dyslexia, have problem to get access to both the Word Analyzer and the Word Detector. This may cause them to compensate and rely more heavily on sounding out words. Dyslexics may compensate by using the right side of the brain that takes visual cues from story pictures to decipher words.

For the full blown 1:46 min long video, view the following "Decoding Dyslexia" video:

[youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XKekE10b82s&hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0]

Here is a link to a previous Ghotit Blog My Dyslexia and Phonological Processing

How The Brain of a Person with Dyslexia Works Differently was last modified: by

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How The Brain of a Person with Dyslexia Works Differently

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
I recently came across a short video that provides a simple description of how the brain of a person with dyslexia works differently. I was impressed with the simplicity of the explanation. Here is a short recap. 3 Key Areas

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Learning Disorders

Alma has a problem. She's smart and can understand concepts that are above her grade level, but she just can't read. Whenever anyone reads something aloud to her, she understands it well and can even repeat sentences. But, when she tries to read it herself, she gets confused and can't seem to make out the words.

Meanwhile, Gordon has no problems reading, but he can't seem to get his ideas down on paper. He struggles with forming letters or words. He has all these great thoughts and can express himself very well when he's speaking, but he can't write down what he's thinking.

Finally, Barry struggles with math. He struggles to count even though he's in the sixth grade. Not only that, he sometimes can't figure out which is which when talking about addition and subtraction. It takes him forever to do simple math, and even then, he makes tons of mistakes. Alma, Gordon and Barry are all suffering from learning disorders. A learning disorder is a developmental disorder that causes difficulties in learning. It is usually diagnosed in childhood or adolescence.

One of the hallmarks of a learning disorder is that there is a discrepancy between a person's ability and their achievement. A student who is two or more years behind where they should be based on their age and IQ might be diagnosed with a learning disorder. The gap that lies between their ability (based on age and IQ) and their academic achievement tells psychologists that there's a problem. Let's look closer at the three main learning disorders: reading disorder, disorder of written expression and mathematics disorder.

Reading Disorder

Remember Alma? She has trouble reading. Her comprehension is fine when something is read to her, but when she has to actually read something herself, she struggles. Alma may be suffering from reading disorder, also called dyslexia, a psychological problem that makes it difficult to understand written language.

Students like Alma often reverse letters or words. For example, a lowercase 'b' might be seen as a lowercase 'd.' The words 'was' and 'saw' might be confused by a dyslexic student. In addition, students with reading disorder have problems identifying phonemes, or parts of a word. They might not see the letters 'c' and 'h' as making a 'ch' sound, for example. They often struggle with rhymes.

All of this leads to a low reading comprehension and a slow reading pace. As a result, people with reading disorder are sometimes thought to be stupid. However, dyslexics are often quite bright, and many famous and accomplished people have gone on to find success despite reading disorders.

Disorder of Written Expression

Though the majority of people with a learning disorder have reading disorder, it is not the only learning disorder. Another example of a learning disorder is disorder of written expression, or dysgraphia, which is characterized by problems expressing oneself with written language.

Remember Gordon? He's got great thoughts and his teachers always praise his ideas when he speaks in class. But, he really struggles to write down those ideas. It's very hard for him to write a letter or number, and he has almost illegible handwriting because writing them is so difficult. Students like Gordon often make lots of spelling and grammatical errors. They also can't seem to put ideas together in a logical, clear way when they are writing. But, if you talk to them, they are really smart and have no problems forming clear sentences.

Dysgraphia can affect both language arts and mathematics because students have a difficult time with writing letters, numbers or both. So, Gordon might be a math whiz, but always fails his math homework because he can't write the numbers down. And like dyslexia, dysgraphia can make people appear to be less smart than they actually are.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.keywords[]
learning disorders and disabilities: definition

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.keywords[]
treatment and diagnosis - video & lesson transcript | study.com

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Learning Disorders and Disabilities: Definition, Causes, Treatment and Diagnosis - Video & Lesson Transcript | Study.com

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Alma has a problem. She's smart and can understand concepts that are above her grade level, but she just can't read. Whenever anyone reads something aloud to her, she understands it well and can even repeat sentences. But, when she tries to read it herself, she gets confused and can't seem to make out the words.

# data[].attributes.body
About Specific Reading Comprehension Decifit

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Official Tickets and Your Source for Live Entertainment | AXS.com

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
AXS.com brings you inside access to tickets, artist news, and exclusive stories on concerts, tours, sports teams, family events, arts, theater, and festivals - nationally and in your town.

# data[].attributes.body
Special type of font that helps people with dyslexia

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
A Dutch graphic designer has developed a special font to help people with dyslexia read text accurately.

Dyslexia is a condition that makes it difficult to learn to read and to read. It can inhibit overall learning and affects around one in ten people worldwide, regardless of culture or language.

"People with dyslexia mirror, switch and turn the letters. I altered the letters and saw them as 3D objects so they wouldn't move anymore."

Christian Boer, studiostudio design

A licence for the font, Dyslexie, starts at around US$13 a year, and can be purchased for individual users, schools or businesses, and as a web plugin to use with other software applications.

"I have dyslexia myself and at art school I had to read a badly printed English text," says the font's designer, Christian Boer, from studiostudio design firm in the Netherlands.

"This was very hard for me and it took me a long time to read. Sometimes I even fell asleep because it was so tiring," Boer tells SciDev.Net.

When his teacher asked him to explain what it was like to read with dyslexia, he made a short film about it that inspired his graduation project and research into dyslexia.

"People with dyslexia mirror, switch and turn the letters. I made a movie in my head in which I altered the letters and saw them as 3D objects so they wouldn't turn, switch and mirror anymore," says Boer.

The design involves making small changes to the letters that makes them harder to confuse than text written in other fonts. For example, increasing the openings within the letters c and e helps dyslexics to distinguish between them.

Boer says that, when possible, his firm gives away the typeface for free to people who cannot afford it.

Research in 2010 at the University of Twente in the Netherlands found that people with dyslexia make fewer errors while reading words printed in Dyslexie. [1] A research project from the same university published as a master's thesis in May 2013 found the font helped improve reading accuracy. [2]

"There are several fonts developed for people with dyslexia," says Renske de Leeuw, author of the 2010 study, and a supervisor of the 2013 one. Not all the fonts have been studied due to lack of funds, she adds.

She says that using a font like Dyslexie could help to read and write texts, but that for its proper use "it is necessary that there is awareness and knowledge about dyslexia".

John Rack, head of research, development and policy at Dyslexia Action, a UK-based non-profit organisation, says that "clear layout, spacing and typeface can make a big difference if you are dyslexic".

But he adds: "Little research has been done to evaluate this and it seems likely that people differ in terms of the benefits gained from a font".

Manisha Shah, a facilitator with Dyslexia Africa, a company that runs training programmes to help parents support children with dyslexia in Nairobi, Kenya, says Kenyans are still unaware of dyslexia.

"Most dyslexics do not have a clue about the Dyslexie font," she says.

Only private schools, which are rare, have facilities to help dyslexic children, with money being the biggest obstacle to catering for children with dyslexia, she says.

But Shah adds that the situation is improving, with more media attention and seminars about the issue in schools to inform teachers and parents about dyslexia.

> Link to 2013 study

See below for a video about the font:

See below for a TED talk about the font:

References

[1] de Leeuw, R. Special Font For Dyslexia? (Master's thesis, The University of Twente, 2010)
[2] Pijpker, T. Does reading performance of dyslexics improve with a special font and/or a colored background? (Master's thesis, The University of Twente, 2013)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Special font 'helps people with dyslexia read'

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A Dutch graphic designer has developed a special font to help people with dyslexia read text accurately. Dyslexia is a condition that makes it difficult to learn to read and to read. It can inhibit overall learning and affects around one in ten people worldwide, regardless of culture or language.

# data[].attributes.body
Reading disabilities other than dyslexia

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Neuroscience News Sitemap Neuroscience Graduate and Undergraduate Programs Free Neuroscience MOOCs Neuroscience Groups Neuroscience Forums Neuroscience Jobs Submit Neuroscience News

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Overcoming Dyslexia, Finding Passion: Piper Otterbein at TEDxYouth@CEHS

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Piper Otterbein is a senior at Cape Elizabeth High School. Piper was born in New York, but she has lived in Cape Elizabeth for the past eleven years. When Piper was in first grade, she was diagnosed with a learning disability.

# data[].attributes.body
Sign to spot, what does it mean, causes and types

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Detecting signs of reading disabilities, as early as possible, will help to treat the condition at the right time. Read on to know more information that will prove useful in addressing the learning requirements of a child that needs help.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Detecting signs of reading disabilities, as early as possible, will help to treat the condition at the right time. Read on to know more information that will prove useful in addressing the learning requirements of a child that needs help.

# data[].attributes.body
Dyslexia.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
What Is Dyslexia?

Dyslexia (pronounced: dis-LEK-see-uh) is a type of learning disability. A person with a learning disability has trouble processing words or numbers. There are several kinds of learning disabilities - dyslexia is the term used when people have trouble learning to read, even though they are smart enough and are motivated to learn.

What Causes Dyslexia?

Dyslexia is not a disease. It's a condition a person is born with, and it often runs in families. People with dyslexia are not stupid or lazy. Most have average or above-average intelligence, and they work very hard to overcome their learning problems.

Research has shown that dyslexia happens because of the way the brain processes information. Pictures of the brain show that when people with dyslexia read, they use different parts of the brain than people without dyslexia. These pictures also show that the brains of people with dyslexia don't work efficiently during reading. So that's why reading seems like such slow, hard work.

What Happens in Dyslexia?

Most people think that dyslexia causes people to reverse letters and numbers and see words backwards. But reversals happen as a normal part of development, and are seen in many kids until first or second grade.

The main problem in dyslexia is trouble recognizing phonemes (pronounced: FO-neems). These are the basic sounds of speech (the "b" sound in "bat" is a phoneme, for example). So it's a struggle to make the connection between the sound and the letter symbol for that sound, and to blend sounds into words.

This makes it hard to recognize short, familiar words or to sound out longer words. It takes a lot of time for a person with dyslexia to sound out a word. The meaning of the word is often lost, and reading comprehension is poor.

It's not surprising that people with dyslexia have trouble spelling. They may also have trouble expressing themselves in writing and even speaking. Dyslexia is a language processing disorder, so it can affect all forms of language, spoken or written.

Some people have milder forms of dyslexia, so they may have less trouble in these other areas of spoken and written language. Some people work around their dyslexia, but it takes a lot of effort and extra work. Dyslexia isn't something that goes away on its own or that a person outgrows. Fortunately, with proper help, most people with dyslexia learn to read. They often find different ways to learn and use those strategies all their lives.

What's It Like to Have Dyslexia?

If you have dyslexia, you might have trouble reading even simple words you've seen many times. You probably will read slowly and feel that you have to work extra-hard when reading. You might mix up the letters in a word - for example, reading the word "now" as "won" or "left" as "felt." Words may blend together and spaces are lost. Phrases might appear like this:

You might have trouble remembering what you've read. You may remember more easily when the same information is read to you or you hear it. Word problems in math may be especially hard, even if you've mastered the basics of arithmetic. If you're doing a presentation in front of the class, you might have trouble finding the right words or names for various objects. Spelling and writing usually are very hard for people with dyslexia.

How Is Dyslexia Diagnosed?

People with dyslexia often find ways to work around their disability, so no one will know they're having trouble. This may save some embarrassment, but getting help could make school and reading easier. Most people are diagnosed as kids, but it's not unusual for teens or even adults to be diagnosed.

A teen's parents or teachers might suspect dyslexia if they notice many of these problems:

poor reading skills, despite having normal intelligence

poor spelling and writing skills

trouble finishing assignments and tests within time limits

difficulty remembering the right names for things

trouble memorizing written lists and phone numbers

problems with directions (telling right from left or up from down) or reading maps

trouble getting through foreign language classes

Having one of these problems doesn't mean a person has dyslexia. But someone who shows a few of these signs should be tested for the condition.

A physical exam, including hearing and vision tests, will be done to rule out any medical problems. Then a school psychologist or learning specialist should give several standardized tests to measure language, reading, spelling, and writing abilities. Sometimes a test of thinking ability (IQ test) is given. Some people with dyslexia have trouble in other school skills, like handwriting and math, or they may have trouble paying attention or remembering things. If this is the case, more testing will be done.

Dealing With Dyslexia

Although dealing with dyslexia can be tough, help is available. Under federal law, someone diagnosed with a learning disability like dyslexia is entitled to extra help from the public school system. A child or teen with dyslexia usually needs to work with a specially trained teacher, tutor, or reading specialist to learn how to read and spell better.

The best type of help teaches awareness of speech sounds in words (called phonemic awareness) and letter-sound correspondences (called phonics). The teacher or tutor should use special learning and practice activities for dyslexia.

A student with dyslexia may get more time to complete assignments or tests, permission to record class lectures, or copies of lecture notes. Using a computer with spelling checkers can be helpful for written assignments. For older students in challenging classes, services are available that provide recorded versions of any book, even textbooks. Computer software is also available that "reads" printed material aloud. Ask your parent, teacher, or learning disability services coordinator how to get these services if you need them.

Emotional support is very important. People with dyslexia often get frustrated because no matter how hard they try, they can't seem to keep up with other students. They might feel that they're not as smart as their peers, and may cover up their problems by acting up in class or being the class clown. They may try to get other students to do their work for them. They may pretend that they don't care about their grades or that they think school is dumb.

Family and friends can help people with dyslexia by understanding that they aren't stupid or lazy, and that they are trying as hard as they can. It's important to recognize and appreciate each person's strengths, whether they're in sports, drama, art, creative problem solving, or something else.

People with dyslexia shouldn't feel limited in their academic or career choices. Most colleges make special accommodations for students with dyslexia, offering them trained tutors, learning aids, computer software, recorded reading assignments, and special arrangements for exams. People with dyslexia can become doctors, politicians, corporate executives, actors, musicians, artists, teachers, inventors, entrepreneurs, or whatever else they choose.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Dyslexia (pronounced: dis-LEK-see-uh) is a type of learning disability. A person with a learning disability has trouble processing words or numbers. There are several kinds of learning disabilities - dyslexia is the term used when people have trouble learning to read, even though they are smart enough and are motivated to learn.

# data[].attributes.body
3 types of diseases: Phonological deficit, Processing speed/orthographic processing deficit and Comprehension deficit

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Researchers have made considerable progress in understanding all types of reading disabilities (Fletcher et al., 2007). For purposes of research, "reading impaired" children may be all those who score below the 30th percentile in basic reading skill.