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1) Use of Experts:
Richard Mitchell, an epidemiologist at the University of Glasgow in Scotland, thought at first. “I was skeptical,” he says. But then he did a large study that found less death and disease in people who lived near parks or other green space—even if they didn’t use them. Mitchell found, being close to nature is a social leveler. What he and other researchers suspect is that nature works primarily by lowering stress. Compared with people who have lousy window views, those who can see trees and grass have been shown to recover faster in hospitals, perform better in school, and even display less violent behavior in neighborhoods where it’s common.

2) Data and statistics:
In England researchers from the University of Exeter Medical School recently analyzed mental health data from 10,000 city dwellers and used high-resolution mapping to track where the subjects had lived over 18 years. They found that people living near more green space reported less mental distress, even after adjusting for income, education, and employment (all of which are also correlated with health). In 2009 a team of Dutch researchers found a lower incidence of 15 diseases—including depression, anxiety, heart disease, diabetes, asthma, and migraines—in people who lived within about a half mile of green space.

3) Anecdotes:
Officers at the Snake River Correctional Institution in eastern Oregon report calmer behavior in solitary confinement prisoners who exercise for 40 minutes several days a week in a “blue room” where nature videos are playing, compared with those who exercise in a gym without videos. “I thought it was crazy at first,” says corrections officer Michael Lea. But he has experienced the difference. “There’s a lot of yelling really loud— it echoes horribly,” in the plain gym, he says. “In the blue room they tend not to yell. They say, ‘Hold on, I got to watch my video.’”

These strategies would help me to build more credibility through the audience and make my thesis/ main claim become stronger and have a convincing effect in the audience.

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Alexis Gifford               Rhetorical strategies: Images, Previous Research, Data Statistic, and Juxtaposition. Images: Within sight of downtown Seoul, capital of South Korea and a hub of stressful modern life, salesman Sungvin Hong rests after a hike in Bukhansan National Park. The park attracts some five million visitors a year.              Previous Research: Strayer’s hypothesis is that being in nature allows the prefrontal cortex, the brain’s commander center, to dial down and rest, like an overused muscle. If he’s right, the EEG will show less energy coming from “midline frontal waves”.                                Data and Statistics: The forest walkers hit a relaxation jackpot: Overall they showed a 16 percent decrease in the stress hormone cortisol, a 2 percent drop in blood pressure, and a 4 percent drop in heart rate. Juxtaposition: Singapore which claim to be a city garden.

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Alexis Gifford               Rhetorical strategies: Images, Previous Research, Data Statistic, and Juxtaposition. Images: Within sight of downtown Seoul, capital of South Korea and a hub of stressful modern life, salesman Sungvin Hong rests after a hike in Bukhansan National Park. The park attracts some five million visitors a year.              Previous Research: Strayer’s hypothesis is that being in nature allows the prefrontal cortex, the brain’s commander center, to dial down and rest, like an overused muscle. If he’s right, the EEG will show less energy coming from “midline frontal waves”.                                Data and Statistics: The forest walkers hit a relaxation jackpot: Overall they showed a 16 percent decrease in the stress hormone cortisol, a 2 percent drop in blood pressure, and a 4 percent drop in heart rate. Juxtaposition: Singapore which claim to be a city garden.

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I definitely would use all these rhetorical strategies in my research essay. Because the author is mostly dedicated

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stics- Strayer has demonstrated as much with a group of outward bound participant, who performed 50 percent better on creative problems solving tasks after three days of wilderness backpacking. 

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after three days of wilderness backpacking. 

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Statistics-"Overall they showed a 16 percent decrease in the stress hormone cortisol, a 2 percent drop in blood pressure and a 4 percent drop in heart rate"
Expert- "Miyazaki believes our bodies relax in pleasant, natural surroundings because they evolved there"
Compare and Contrast-

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This is your brain on nature
Statistics- Strayer has demonstrated as much with a group of outward bound participant, who performed 50 percent better on creative problems solving tasks after three days of wilderness backpacking.
Images- Williams uses a photo taken of  Matthew Sakae Forkin and it is shown that he is hanging from a tree and he describes the feelings,  “When I’m in the wilderness and feel part of it,” he says, “I’m in a state of flow, full of energy and passion and calm.” We Need to Relearn that We’re a Part of Nature, Not Separate From It
anecdote- In a recent phone chat, Mitchell called this realization “the Overview Effect,” and he said that virtually all of the moon astronauts experienced it during their flights. In his case, it changed the direction of his life.
Use in the essay
this shows how nature can be life changing and beneficial

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after three days of wilderness backpacking. 
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Anahi Vargas
Anahi Vargas
Stati
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Images: Within sight of downtown Seoul, capital of South Korea and a hub of stressful modern life, salesman Sungvin Hong rests after a hike in Bukhansan National Park. The park attracts some five million visitors a year. Previous Research: Strayer’s hypothesis is that being in nature allows the prefrontal cortex, the brain’s commander center, to dial down and rest, like an overused muscle. If he’s right, the EEG will show less energy coming from “midline frontal waves”. Data and Statistics: The forest walkers hit a relaxation jackpot: Overall they showed a 16 percent decrease in the stress hormone cortisol, a 2 percent drop in blood pressure, and a 4 percent drop in heart rate.
Images: Within sight of downtown Seoul, capital of South Korea and a hub of stressful modern life, salesman Sungvin Hong rests after a hike in Bukhansan National Park. The park attracts some five million visitors a year.              Previous Research: Strayer’s hypothesis is that being in nature allows the prefrontal cortex, the brain’s commander center, to dial down and rest, like an overused muscle. If he’s right, the EEG will show less energy coming from “midline frontal waves”.                        Data and Statistics: The forest walkers hit a relaxation jackpot: Overall they showed a 16 percent decrease in the stress hormone cortisol, a 2 percent drop in blood pressure, and a 4 percent drop in heart rate.
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Amerae Ortiguerra
Amerae Ortiguerra 
Anecdote: "I'm supposed to think of nothing in particular, just watch the wide, sparkling flow gently by. I haven't looked at a computer or cell phone in days. It's easy to forget a 
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Luisa Estrada (umi)
Luisa Estrada (umi)
We Need to Relearn That We’re a Part of Nature, Not Separate From It

Symbolism

Schiffman uses Symbolism here to convey a business symbol idea to the trees we cut down. It gives us a reflection that we should appreciate and take care of trees more carefully because they are the ones that give us oxygen to our home and to every living being, if we continue cutting down more for trade we will self-destruct like trees. "We have no feeling for the natural world. As soon as we would cut down our most beautiful tree, the most beautiful forest in the world. We cut it for what? For the wood, for the board feet. We do not see the tree, we only see it in terms of its commercial value. " (Page 2). We must use more careful measures of how much to cut down.

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Nora Amavizca
Nora Amavizca
1) Use of experts, 
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Crystal Bastida
Crystal Bastida
1. 
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Ylenia Velazco
Ylenia Velazco
1) Use of images, scientific research and data.
2)
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1. Scientific resear
1. Scientific research and data
ex: “'It is a scientific fact.. that the occasional contemplation of natural scenes of an impressive character...is favorable to the health and vigor of men and especially to the health and vigor of their intellect'” (Williams 8).
2. Expert opinions
ex: "Miyazaki believes our bodies relax in pleasant, natural surroundings because they evolved there" (Williams 12).
3. Anecdotes
ex: "'On the third day my senses recalibrate- I smell things and hear things I didn't before,' Strayer says" (Williams 6).

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Kayalani Savell
Kayalani Savell
1.  Compare and contrast - the author compares stress levels based of nature.  " Nature works primarily by lowering stress.  Compared with people who have lousy window views, those who can see trees and grass have been shown to recover faster in hospitals, preform better in school, and even display less violent behavior" ( Williams 11 )
2.  Data and statistics - " Strayer has demonstrated as much with a group of outward bound participants who preformed 50% better on creative problem solving tasks after three day 
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1. Statistics- Resea
1. Statistics- Research from University of Exeter medical school, people living in green
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1) Images, anecdote, and data and statistics.
2) Statistics- Strayer has demonstrated as much with a group of outward bound participant, who performed 50 percent better on creative problems solving tasks after three days of wilderness backpacking. 

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1. He uses images, data and statistics, and anecdote
2. One example of a data and statistic is "In 2009, a team of Dutch researchers found a lower incidence of 15 diseases-including depression, anxiety, heart disease, diabetes, asthma, and migraines-in people who lived within about a half mile of green space."'
3. Anecdote is used in the article when Williams talks about his 3 day trip to nature in Bluff, Utah where he talks about the three day effect.

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This Is Your Brain on Nature
Anecdote: "I'm supposed to think of nothing in particular, just watch the wide, sparkling flow gently by. I haven't looked at a computer or cell phone in days. It's easy to forget for a few moments that I ever had them."
Use of statistics: More than 70 percent say their jobs, which require notoriously long hours, make them depressed, according to a survey by electronics giant Samsung."

Do Our Kids Have Nature-Deficit Disorder?
Presentation of Solution: "Member families meet on Saturdays or Sundays at various parks and other venues where they experience the natural world."

The purpose of the strategies would help support and show how nature impacts humans.

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1) Use of experts: (This is your brain on nature) "A cognitive psychologist at the University of Utah who specializes in attention, Strayer knows our brains are prone to mistakes, especially when we’re multitasking and dodging distractions. Among other things, his research has shown that using a cell phone impairs most drivers as much as drinking alcohol does." The author provides the use of experts by stating evidence from the psychologist Strayer to bring credibility to his audience.
2) Use of images: (This is your brain on nature) The author provides different images throughout his article to persuade his audience of the positive effects and things that nature has in a person's life and make them feel in a certain way so his audience could notice the different effects that a simple image of nature could have in their life.
3) Anecdote: (We need to relearn that we are part of nature, not separate from in) “I was gazing out of the window, at the Earth, moon, sun and star-studded blackness of space in turn as our capsule slowly rotated… I was flooded with the ecstatic awareness that I was a part of what I was observing. Every molecule in my body was birthed in a star hanging in space. I became aware that everything that exists is part of one intricately interconnected whole.” The author provides to his audience an anecdote of an astronaut that could make them feel persuaded.

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1) Scientific research and data.
2) Scientific research-

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1. Data and Statistics
"In 2009 a team of Dutch researchers, found a lower incidence of 15 diseases-including depression, anxiety, heart disease, diabetes, asthma, and migraines-in people who lived with about a half mile of green space." (pg.9)

Pictures
These pictures are used throughout the article to give insight on what others do around the world to connect themselves to nature and disconnect from the world to "recharge"

2. Richard Schiffman

We Need to Relearn That We're a Part of Nature, Not Separate From It

Amplification- “We have no feeling for the natural world. We’d as soon cut down our most beautiful tree, the most beautiful forest in the world. We cut it down for what? For timber, for board feet. We don’t see the tree, we only see it in terms of its commercial value.”

3. I could use these in my essay about how nature connects us to disconnect from the busy things we do in the world. How these are some examples of why we need to treat nature better and protect it.

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We Need to Relearn That We’re a Part of Nature, Not Separate From It

Symbolism

Schiffman uses Symbolism here to convey a business symbol idea to the trees we cut down. It gives us a reflection that we should appreciate and take care of trees more carefully because they are the ones that give us oxygen to our home and to every living being, if we continue cutting down more for trade we will self-destruct like trees. "We have no feeling for the natural world. As soon as we would cut down our most beautiful tree, the most beautiful forest in the world. We cut it for what? For the wood, for the board feet. We do not see the tree, we only see it in terms of its commercial value. " (Page 2). We must use more careful measures of how much to cut down.

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1. Scientific research and data
ex: “'It is a scientific fact.. that the occasional contemplation of natural scenes of an impressive character...is favorable to the health and vigor of men and especially to the health and vigor of their intellect'” (Williams 8).
2. Expert opinions
ex: "Miyazaki believes our bodies relax in pleasant, natural surroundings because they evolved there" (Williams 12).
3. Anecdotes
ex: " 'On the third day my senses recalibrate- I smell things and hear things I didn't before,' Strayer says" (Williams 6).
These strategies can help me in my essay by backing up my claim that nature is full of valuable resources and it can be used for its learning opportunities as opposed to using it for our selfish gain.

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1.  Compare and contrast - the author compares stress levels based of nature.  " Nature works primarily by lowering stress.  Compared with people who have lousy window views, those who can see trees and grass have been shown to recover faster in hospitals, preform better in school, and even display less violent behavior" ( Williams 11 )
2.  Data and statistics - " Strayer has demonstrated as much with a group of outward bound participants who preformed 50% better on creative problem solving tasks after three days of wilderness backpacking " ( Williams 5 )
3.

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1. Compare and Contrast-
"Research from University of Exeter medical school, on 10,000 people found that living in green spaces reported less mental distress"  compared to those who don't who have "lousy window views"(Williams 9)
2. Imagery-
Williams uses many images throughout the text to give the audience of sense of what he is talking about.
3.Statistics-
A group of outward participants who performed 50% better on creative problem solving tasks after 3 days of wilderness backpacking" which is called the three day effect.

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imagery, scientific studies, use of images

1. Williams use of images is powerful especially in the photos captioned "In a “forest kindergarten” in Langnau am Albis, a suburb of Zurich, Switzerland, children spend most of the school day in the woods, regardless of the weather. " In this snowy image, just looking at it gives the audience a sense of peace and tranquility which supports Williams claim that just looking at images of nature can improve your mental.
2. Williams uses strong imagery when describing an experiment he partook in. In paragraph 6 he says, " wires sprouting from them will send my brains' electrical signals to a recorder for later analysis. Feeling like a beached sea urchin, I walks carefully to a grassy bank along the San Juan River for ten minutes of restful contemplation." This allows the audience to Cleary picture the study and also solidifies the authors main claim because he is willing to prove his argument to us himself by doing an experiment which gives the impression that this topic is in fact worth the thought and time.
3. Throughout his article he uses many scientific sources but one in particular would be in paragraph 8. " In 2009 a team of Dutch researchers found a lower incidence of 15 diseases including depression, anxiety, heart disease, diabetes, asthma, and migraines in people who lived within about a half mile of green space."

I may not be able to use images in my personal writing but I can use Williams imagery and scientific evidence to support my main claim. As I mentioned using Williams personal experiment would prove that the topic is important and worth th

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“This Is Your Brain on Nature” by Florence Williams and photographs by Lucas Foglia
Strategies: Expert testimonies, data and image.
Testimonies: “A 40- to 50-minute walk seems to be enough for physiological changes and mood changes and probably for attention,” says Kalevi Korpela, a professor of psychology at the University of Tampere.
Data:  “In England researchers from the University of Exeter Medical School recently analyzed mental health data from 10,000 city dwellers and used high-resolution mapping to track where the subjects had lived over 18 years. They found that people living near more green space reported less mental distress.”

Images: The article includes pictures of nature and one of them on page 18 shows how little kids interact with the environment despite the cold weather they are able to explore.
I would use these strategies in my essay as evidence to persuade the reader with these facts and experiences to make my arguments more credible.

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Statistics (logos) - "More than 70% say their jobs, which require notoriously long hours, make them depressed, according to a survey by electronics giant Samsung" (page 15). This can be used in my essay because it backs up one of my subclaims on how people lose their connection to nature due to long long hours.
Testimony (ethos) - "'The art of healing comes from nature, not a physician'" (page 8). This backs up another subclaim that new advances in technology will not fix the problem
scientific research or data (logos) - "Researchers reported an association between higher neighborhood greenness and slower increases in children's body mass over a two-year period" (page 26).
This can be used in my essay to show that rebuilding our relationship with nature promotes better health.

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1.Use of Images, Data and Statistics, use of experts
2."Im in a state of flow, full of energy and passion and calm."(Foglia 14), "When we slow down, stop the busywork, and take in beautiful natural surroundings, not only do we feel restored, but our mental performance moves too."(Williams 5), "In 2009 a team of Dutch found a lower incidence of 15 diseases-including depression, anxiety, heart disease, anxiety, asthma, and migraines-in people who lived within about a half a mile of green space."(Williams 9)
3. I can use these strategies in my essay because the photographer provides plenty of powerful images throughout the text and the author adds a lot of data and research along with many uses of experts.

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1.)Similes, Expert testimonies, Amplification, Analogies
2.) “Like adolescents staking out their own place in the world, we asserted our independence from nature and the greater family of life,” (Schiffman 3), “The river is not an it for them-the river lies within their circle of responsibility and compassion…”
3.) I can use these rhetorical strategies to make my research paper carry more impact. I will be able to better my claims and support it with hard facts and strategies.

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Look at "This is your brain on nature" and other texts from the class and 1) identify 3-4 strategies in those texts, 2) give examples of those strategies, 3) how can you use those strategies in your essay?