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resultant imperfection when a lens fails to focus all wavelengths of color to the same spot on the focal plane, focusing them to different positions instead

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posterlike reproductions having solid tones or colors and little detail from photographs or other continuous-tone originals by means of separation negatives.

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can show up in an image with a very fine edge or fine detail. It is manifested as a smooth edge becoming jagged. Moire is is manifested as a very fine pattern that becomes highly distorted in both its pattern and color.

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caused by compression when an image is saved in the .jpg format. Each time an image is saved in this format it is compressed and “non-essential” data is discarded. The result of compression is that an image can suffer from blockiness, mosquito noise (around edges) and color degradation.

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Barrel Lens Distortion & Pincushion Distortion

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Barrel Lens Distortion & Pincushion Distortion

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1, created by the curved shape of the lens. Because the lens is curved, the centre of the photo is magnified slightly more than the edges. That makes straight lines appear to curve around the edge of the image. 2. a form of optical distortion in which straight lines along the edge of a screen or a lens bulge toward the center.

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uses a smaller area to form the image than traditional 35 mm cameras, and so lenses used on APS-C format cameras have a correspondingly narrower field of view.

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a camera with a full-frame sensor. This is an image sensor that's the same size as the sensor of an analog camera. The biggest advantage of a full-frame camera is that it has no crop factor.

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allows the camera to convert photons – that is, light – into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the device.

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a group of binary digits or bits (usually eight) operated on as a unit.
a byte considered as a unit of memory size.

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the image is cut out because the sensor is too small to capture the entire image.

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an early 20th-century style and movement in art, especially painting, in which perspective with a single viewpoint was abandoned and use was made of simple geometric shapes, interlocking planes, and, later, collage.

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a trend in sculpture and painting that arose in the 1950s and used simple, typically massive, forms.

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art based on modern popular culture and the mass media, especially as a critical or ironic comment on traditional fine art values.

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new and unusual or experimental ideas, especially in the arts, or the people introducing them.

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a 20th-century avant-garde movement in art and literature which sought to release the creative potential of the unconscious mind, for example by the irrational juxtaposition of images.

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the action of taking something for one's own use, typically without the owner's permission.

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the repeated exposure of a photographic plate or film to light, often producing ghost images.

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a painting or drawing of an arrangement of objects, typically including fruit and flowers and objects contrasting with these in texture, such as bowls and glassware.

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taking of photographs for commercial uses (product shots, head-shots, etc). These photographs are often used for the promotional marketing of a business including website placement, product previews, and business card/marketing material images.

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the taking of photographs from an aircraft or other flying object.

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a diagram consisting of rectangles whose area is proportional to the frequency of a variable and whose width is equal to the class interval.

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art based on premises antithetical to traditional or popular art forms specifically

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a work of art made by grouping found or unrelated objects.

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a neutral-density filter, or ND filter, is a filter that reduces or modifies the intensity of all wavelengths, or colors, of light equally, giving no changes in hue of color rendition. It can be a colorless (clear) or grey filter, and is denoted by Wratten number 96.

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the deliberate processing of photographic film in a chemical solution intended for a different type of film

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a tight structure of a similar shape to the honeycomb made by honey bees. It's affixed to the front of a studio strobe

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used in portrait and fashion photography, because it is the best modifier for concentrating light on a subject and creating a better image than other modifiers.

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a tubular or conical attachment used to produce a narrow beam from a spotlight.

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used for softening and increasing the size of a smaller light source, and diffuse light sources not unlike umbrellas—with a few notable differences. A softbox controls the shape and direction of light more than an umbrella and prevents more light-spill from occurring.

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a self-contained light source in which the flash head contains the lamp, modeling light, cooling fan and power supply

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a light source that causes a specular highlight in a subject's eye in an image.

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you adjust points throughout an image's tonal range. Initially, the image's tonality is represented as a straight diagonal line on a graph. When adjusting an RGB image, the upper-right area of the graph represents the highlights and the lower-left area represents the shadows.

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a tool in Photoshop and other image editing programs which can move and stretch the brightness levels of an image histogram. It has the power to adjust brightness, contrast, and tonal range by specifying the location of complete black, complete white, and midtones in a histogram.

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a circular light that fits around a camera's lens or is large enough to shoot through it. A ring light provides illumination with little shadow because the origin of the light is very close to the optical axis of the lens.

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a creative and unique type of photography in which the camera is manipulated so that a life-sized location or subject looks like a miniature-scale model. ... It creates the illusion of looking down at a miniature model

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an abbreviation of the photography term “Straight Out Of Camera”, simply meaning that an image can be good enough to print straight from the camera without further processing.

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a positive picture made of a photographic negative on glass backed by a dark surface.

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a technique used to develop a peel-apart film picture on to a different material, like drawing paper.

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an image produced from a photographic negative transferred to a metal plate and etched in.

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a photographic blueprint.

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an organic alternative photography process akin to the anthotype process. However, instead of printing on the crushed extract of fruit or plant matter, the prints are bleached by sunlight directly onto the surface of leaves using a positive

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When have the the subjects face is lit.

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Lighting that causes a triangle of light on the dark side of the subjects face.

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created by using a light source positioned just to the side and pointed downward toward the subject.

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Lighting the causes a butterfly shaped shadow below the subjects nose.  the key light is placed above and directly centered with a subject's face.

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you frame your portrait so that the brighter side of the model's face is closer to the camera.

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the darker side of your model's face is the one closer to the camera.

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positive photograph produced by applying a collodion-nitrocellulose solution to a thin, black-enameled metal plate immediately before exposure.

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still pictures' that communicate a message.

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the visual force that appears due to the contrast of light among the visual elements that compound it. The visual weight is a visual force which prevails in the image balance

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the application of algorithms to a digital image file which convert the image information contained within the file into a viewable format on a viewing device.

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Design elements in creating space in two dimensions. Overlapping- involves one shape obscuring another or shapes overlapping each other. This is a more traditional form of overlapping. You can tell that the objects that you see completely, are closest to the viewer, in front.

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a look into the invisible world. The human eye can see wavelengths from about 400nm-700nm (from purple to red); infrared is the light beyond 700nm. IR photography can be done with either infrared film, or a digital camera, and typically involves near infrared light in the 700nm to 1200nm range.

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the blending of two or more images to create one final image.

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a genre of photography that mainly aims to capture portraits of people in situations, real-life events or milestones in an artistic manner and the art of the everyday.

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the art of finding old and abandoned buildings and locations, exploring them, and taking photos as you go.

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the use of photography in astronomy; the photographing of celestial objects and phenomena.

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the unit of measurement of color temperature

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according to the International Color Consortium (ICC), is a set of data that characterizes a color input, color space, or output device. In other words, every device that displays color can be assigned a set "profile." These profiles define the color (gamut) that the device can display.

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involves the blocking of unwanted natural light to create a natural three-dimensional quality to the lighting of people outside. The tools used to block unwanted light are called gobos or flags.

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the comparison of key light (the main source of light from which shadows fall) to the fill light (the light that fills in the shadow areas). The higher the lighting ratio, the higher the contrast of the image; the lower the ratio, the lower the contrast.

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Lighting that produces minimal contrast in the scene, which means there is no, or very little, contrast between the highlights and shadows.

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the first completely abstract kind of photograph, composed of kaleidoscopic repetitions of forms achieved by photographing objects through a triangular arrangement of three mirrors.

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a single photograph or more commonly a body of photographic work, that shares a high level of consistency. This consistency is usually found within the subjects, environment, photographic process, and presentation or direction of the subject.

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July 17–October 3, 2010. A turning point in the history of photography, the 1975 exhibition New Topographics signaled a radical shift away from traditional depictions of landscape.

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the art of long exposure photography that captures of the image of the sun moving across the sky.

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the habit of checking every photo on the LCD screen immediately after capture.

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a 50mm lens

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shortened term for photographer

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A term used for people who use many Photoshop layers without naming them.

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without much contrast

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small clumps of dust

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a result of capturing or processing an image where the intensity in a certain area falls outside the minimum and maximum intensity

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the process of shooting with your camera connected to your computer, so that photos are uploaded instantly to the computer.

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may be used to reduce the contrast of a scene to match the dynamic range of the recording media and record the same amount of detail typically seen by eye in average lighting and considered normal.

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the primary light source for your scene

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reduces or modifies the intensity of all wavelengths, or colors, of light equally, giving no changes in hue of color rendition. (ND Filter)

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stands for circular polarizer/linear and is a glass attachment that can reduce the glare from reflected surfaces.

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a failure of a lens to focus all colors to the same point. It is caused by dispersion: the refractive index of the lens elements varies with the wavelength of light.

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a photo camera featuring a single, removable lens and a digital display.

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a faint design made in some paper during manufacture that is visible when held against the light and typically identifies the maker.